EP0394320B1 - A combined rudder and propeller arrangement - Google Patents

A combined rudder and propeller arrangement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0394320B1
EP0394320B1 EP89900669A EP89900669A EP0394320B1 EP 0394320 B1 EP0394320 B1 EP 0394320B1 EP 89900669 A EP89900669 A EP 89900669A EP 89900669 A EP89900669 A EP 89900669A EP 0394320 B1 EP0394320 B1 EP 0394320B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rudder
propeller
propeller unit
rotation
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89900669A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0394320A1 (en
Inventor
Orvar Björheden
Dan Johansson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kamewa AB
Original Assignee
Kamewa AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kamewa AB filed Critical Kamewa AB
Publication of EP0394320A1 publication Critical patent/EP0394320A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0394320B1 publication Critical patent/EP0394320B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/42—Steering or dynamic anchoring by propulsive elements; Steering or dynamic anchoring by propellers used therefor only; Steering or dynamic anchoring by rudders carrying propellers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combined rudder and propeller arrangement for propelling, steering and maneuvering conventional ships and other kind of water craft, hereinafter referred to simply as vessel.
  • DE-C-326 792 discloses a combined rudder and propeller arrangement which comprises a rudder unit having a rudder part, which is journalled for rotation relative to the vessel about a substantially vertical rudder axis, and a propeller unit with a propeller mounted on a substantially horizontal shaft.
  • the propeller unit is mounted on the rudder part and rotatable relative to it about a substantially vertical axis, which in a modification of the arrangement may coincide with the rudder axis.
  • the rudder part and the propeller unit are associated with separate manual control mechanisms.
  • This arrangement is disadvantageous in that a change of the angular position of the rudder part relative to the vessel will also cause the angular position of the propeller unit relative to the vessel to be changed, unless the control mechanism associated with the propeller unit is also operated. If it is desired to change the relative position of the rudder part relative to the vessel without changing the relative position of the propeller unit relative to the vessel, it is therefore necessary also to operate the control mechanism associated with the propeller unit such that the change caused by the change of the angular position of the rudder part is offset.
  • rudder propellers or rudder thrusters in which a propeller is journalled in a bearing housing connected firmly to the rudder.
  • the propeller is normally located forwardly of the leading edge of the rudder and is driven either by an electric motor arranged within the bearing housing or via a bevel gear arrangement which is located in the bearing housing and connects the propeller shaft with a vertical drive shaft which extends upwards, through a tubular shaft intended for rotation of the rudder-propeller combination and being connected to a driving machine in the vessel.
  • the propeller has a propelling function in addition to a steering function.
  • Combined rudder and propeller arrangements of this latter kind afford many advantages and could be used particularly advantageously with a main propulsion or fore propeller, the combined rudder and propeller being preferably placed straight aft of and coaxially in line with the main propeller.
  • the main propeller and the propeller of the rudder/propeller combination are rotated in mutually opposite directions. It has been found that the total propeller efficiency in forward propulsion of the vessel can be greatly improved in this way.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an improved combined rudder-propeller assembly which is not encumbered with the aforesaid drawbacks and which will, in general, afford the same advantages as those afforded by a rudder-propeller or rudder-thruster arrangement and which can be used to particular advantage with a main propeller which is driven in an opposite direction of rotation, but which can also be used alone for propelling, steering and maneuvering a conventional ship or some other kind of water craft.
  • the exemplifying embodiment of the inventive rudder and propeller arrangement illustrated schematically in Figure 1 includes a rudder, generally referenced 1, and a propeller unit, generally referenced 2, which are located beneath the bottom surface 3 of the hull of a ship or some other water craft, e.g. in the stern of a conventional ship or sea-going vessel, said hull, etc., being shown only in part and then very schematically.
  • the rudder 1 has a tubular rudder stock 4 which extends up through an opening in the bottom 3 of the hull and which is rotatably journalled in and carried by a bearing seat 5 encircling the opening.
  • the propeller unit 2 includes a propeller 6 which is mounted on one end of a horizontal propeller shaft journalled in a housing 9.
  • the housing 9 is assumed to include a bevel gear arrangement which connects the propeller shaft to a vertical drive shaft 7.
  • the drive shaft 7 extends from the bevel gearing in the housing 9, up through a tubular strut 8, which at its lower end supports the housing 9.
  • the vertical drive shaft 7, which drives the propeller 6, is connected in some suitable and conventional manner (not shown) to a propeller drive machine (not shown) located in the vessel.
  • the carrying strut 8 of the propeller unit 2 is rotatably journalled and carried in the tubular rudder stock 4.
  • the propeller unit housing 9 is also provided with a downwardly directed pivot shaft 10 which is journalled for rotation in the part of the rudder 1 located beneath the housing 9. This serves to reinforce both the rudder 1 and the propeller unit 2 against occurrent forces and is not necessary in all cases.
  • the upper end of the tubular rudder stock 4 is firmly connected, within the hull of the vessel, to a gear ring 11 which is journalled for rotation in a stationary or fixed part 12 of the hull and which is in driving engagement with pinion gears 13.
  • the pinion gear 13 are driven by associated steering motors 14 operative in rotating the gear ring 11, and therewith the rudder stock 4 and the rudder 1, in the same way as conventional steering machinery.
  • the inventive arrangement also includes devices by means of which the strut 8, and therewith the whole of the propeller unit 2, can be locked selectively either to the hull 12 of the vessel, in at least one given fixed position, or to the rudder stock 4 for rotation together therewith.
  • these devices comprise one or more hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically operable pistons 15 having pins which project from both sides of the pistons and capable of being moved between two different positions.
  • the inventive arrangement will thus enable the propeller unit 2 to be locked in a fixed position during normal propulsion of the vessel, by appropriate positioning of the pistons 15 with the propeller shaft extending parallel with the forward direction of the vessel and constantly located straight behind and coaxial with the fore propeller, when such a propeller is found, whereas the rudder 1 can be rotated by means of the steering machinery or gear 11, 13, 14 within a normal rudder turning range, e.g. a range of 30-40°, for holding and steering a normal course.
  • a normal rudder turning range e.g. a range of 30-40°
  • the pistons 15 can be placed in the other of their two positions, in which the propeller unit strut 8 is released from the hull and the strut is instead connected to the rudder stock 4.
  • the rudder 1 and the propeller unit 2 can be rotated together by the steering machinery 11, 13, 14, to any desired angular position for instance through 360° if wished.
  • This provides for a high degree of maneuverability, since the propeller thrust can be brought to bear in any desired direction.
  • the propeller shaft will, of course; preferably extend parallel with the plane of the rudder.
  • FIGs 2 and 3 illustrate variants of the aforedescribed inventive embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, primarily to show that in the case of the inventive arrangement the rudder 1 can be configured in a number of different ways, e.g. in correspondence with the rudder area required by the application in question.
  • this end of the housing 9 will preferably have a hemispherical configuration, as in the case of the Figure 1 embodiment, or a semicylindrical configuration, as in the Figure 3 embodiment.
  • that part of the rudder 1 which is located behind this housing part will have a front or forwardly located edge which faces the housing 9 and which conforms with the hemispherical or semi-cylindrical shape of the housing, the centre of rotation of the rudder coinciding substantially with the centre of curvature of the hemispherical or semi-cylindrical end of the housing 9.
  • the rudder part which lies behind the housing 9 may also be configured with or provided with a thickening or so-called bulb which has a streamlined shape conforming to that of the housing 9. This design affords the least possible disruption in the flow of water past the housing 9 and the rudder 1.
  • the profile of the rudder part located above the propeller unit 2 and the profile of the rudder part beneath the propeller unit 2 may have an asymmetric configuration, with an inlet angle and a profile arch such as to reduce rotational flow in the propeller jet. This will improve the propeller efficiency.
  • the rudder part of an inventive combined rudder and propeller arrangement may be configured in many different ways, all known per se .
  • the rudder blade may be fitted with a pivotable flap on its trailing edge, for improving the rudder effect.
  • the rudder part may be configured as a so-called "rotating cylinder rudder", in which case the rudder blade carries a rotating cylinder on its leading or front edge.
  • Another alternative is one in which the rudder blade is fitted with end plates on its upper and/or lower edge in a known manner.
  • the propeller of an inventive propeller/rudder combination may either have fixed blade or adjustable blades.
  • the range within which the propeller pitch angle can be varied can be made so great as to enable the propeller blades to be positioned substantially parallel with the propeller axis, i.e. feathered.
  • This facility is particularly advantageous under such conceivable conditions as those in which the ship or like water craft is propelled without using the propeller 6, for instance with the aid of a fore propeller.
  • the propeller unit of an inventive arrangement may include two propellers, suitable counter-rotating propellers, instead of the single propeller of the illustrated and described embodiments.
  • the propeller 6 may be driven by means of a drive motor arranged within the housing 9 and connected to the propeller shaft, this drive motor suitably being an electric or a hydraulic motor.
  • FIG 4 illustrates schematically and in a manner similar to Figure 1 another embodiment of a combined rudder and propeller arrangement according to the invention.
  • This embodiment differs from the embodiments of Figures 1-3, in that the strut 8 of the propeller is also connected at its upper end with a gear ring 16 which engages drivingly a number of pin ion gears 18 driven by a commensurate number of steering motors 17 connected to said pinions.
  • the rudder stock 4 and the propeller unit strut 8 are thus each connected to respective steering machinery 11, 13, 14 and 16, 17, 18 within the vessel, such as to enable the rudder 1 and the propeller unit 2 to be rotated in mutually different directions and to be located in mutually different rotational positions quite independently of one another.
  • FIG 5 illustrates schematically and in a manner similar to Figure 1 a further embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention.
  • the propeller unit supporting strut 8 is journalled immediately in and carried by the seating 5 in the hull of the vessel, and the top end of the strut is connected to the steering machinery 11, 13, 14 in a manner to allow the propeller unit 2 to be positioned in any desired direction whatsoever.
  • the rudder 1 is rotatably journalled on and carried by the propeller unit support strut 8.
  • steering machinery Arranged within the propeller unit housing 9 is steering machinery (not shown in detail) by means of which the rudder 1 is turned relative to the propeller unit 2 in order to hold the vessel on course and to steer the vessel under normal forward vessel speeds, where the propeller unit 2 is held by the steering machinery 11, 13, 14 in a fixed position relative to the vessel, with the propeller shaft lying parallel with the forward direction of the vessel.
  • This rudder steering machinery may comprise, for instance, servo motors which are connected to the rudder 11, e.g., by a crank 19 and a coupling block which runs in a groove or track 20 provided in the rudder 1.
  • Such steering machinery e.g.
  • a connecting rod which extends axially through the tubular strut 8 and which carries a crank, similar to the crank 19, at its lower end.
  • inventive combined rudder and propeller arrangement may have many different forms, and that variants and modifications other than those illustrated and described are possible.
  • inventive arrangement need not necessarily be mounted beneath a bottom part of the hull of a vessel, but may instead be mounted behind the stern of the vessel, carried by and journalled in a bearing housing firmly fitted to the transom of the hull.
EP89900669A 1987-12-09 1988-12-08 A combined rudder and propeller arrangement Expired - Lifetime EP0394320B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8704912 1987-12-09
SE8704912A SE459249B (sv) 1987-12-09 1987-12-09 Kombinerad roder- och propelleranordning

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0394320A1 EP0394320A1 (en) 1990-10-31
EP0394320B1 true EP0394320B1 (en) 1993-10-20

Family

ID=20370546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89900669A Expired - Lifetime EP0394320B1 (en) 1987-12-09 1988-12-08 A combined rudder and propeller arrangement

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0394320B1 (fi)
JP (1) JP2657422B2 (fi)
KR (1) KR970010830B1 (fi)
AU (1) AU2821789A (fi)
DE (1) DE3885105T2 (fi)
DK (1) DK162037C (fi)
FI (1) FI96757C (fi)
SE (1) SE459249B (fi)
WO (1) WO1989005262A1 (fi)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10062354B4 (de) 2000-12-14 2007-12-20 Siemens Ag Stellantrieb für einen, insbesondere elektrisch angetriebenen, Ruderpropeller eines Seeschiffes
DE50101008D1 (de) * 2001-10-05 2003-12-24 Peter Meyer Fahranlage für Schiffe, insbesondere für Kreuzfahrtschiffe
JP3958051B2 (ja) 2002-01-22 2007-08-15 三菱重工業株式会社 船舶およびその運用方法
DE10244295B4 (de) * 2002-09-23 2004-11-04 Siemens Ag Hilfsruder an einem elektrischen Ruderpropeller für schnelle seegehende Schiffe und Betriebsverfahren für das Hilfsruder
DK176054B1 (da) * 2003-06-04 2006-02-27 Schmidt S Marine El As A Styremekanisme til et skib
NO324501B1 (no) * 2003-08-01 2007-11-05 Rolls Royce Marine As Anordning til okning av giringsstabiliteten for skip
DE102004008805B4 (de) * 2004-02-20 2008-08-14 Siemens Ag Zweipropellerantrieb für Schiffe
NO335597B1 (no) 2005-11-30 2015-01-12 Rolls Royce Marine As Anordning ved opplagring av en fremdriftsenhet og en fremdriftsenhet for et marint fartøy
EP2163471B1 (en) * 2008-09-12 2011-09-07 Wärtsilä Netherlands B.V. Propulsion and steering arrangement
DK2163472T3 (en) * 2008-09-12 2015-12-07 Wärtsilä Netherlands B V Propulsion and control device
KR20120046324A (ko) * 2009-08-27 2012-05-09 롤스 로이스 아베 러더 장치
WO2011110226A1 (en) * 2010-03-12 2011-09-15 Wärtsilä Finland Oy Propulsion and steering unit for waterborne vessel
EP2535262B1 (en) * 2011-06-14 2015-12-30 ABB Oy A propulsion arrangement in a ship
EP2535263B1 (en) 2011-06-14 2014-10-29 ABB Oy A propulsion arrangement in a ship
EP2634084A1 (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-09-04 ABB Oy Arrangement and method in a ship
EP2897858A4 (en) * 2012-09-24 2016-07-06 Rolls Royce Ab CONTEMPORARY GONDOLA WITH FLAP
KR101763956B1 (ko) 2012-11-27 2017-08-02 현대중공업 주식회사 선박용 러더
JP5984657B2 (ja) * 2012-12-20 2016-09-06 三菱重工業株式会社 首振り推進器および船舶
DE102017213420A1 (de) * 2017-08-02 2019-02-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrisches Stellantriebssystem einer Gondel zum Antrieb eines Schwimmkörpers
DE102017216818A1 (de) 2017-09-22 2019-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Azimutverstellung einer Gondel
CN114455053B (zh) * 2022-01-22 2023-03-07 嘉兴市锦佳船舶制造股份有限公司 一种河湖巡查船

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US818245A (en) * 1905-08-05 1906-04-17 Arthur E Hauck Propeller attachment for boats.
DE326792C (de) * 1919-10-11 1920-10-07 Victor Graf Von Alten In das Steuerruder eingebauter Aussenbordantrieb fuer Schiffe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2657422B2 (ja) 1997-09-24
DK140990A (da) 1990-06-08
DE3885105D1 (de) 1993-11-25
JPH03501714A (ja) 1991-04-18
DE3885105T2 (de) 1994-05-05
FI96757C (fi) 1997-09-01
SE8704912D0 (sv) 1987-12-09
KR920700142A (ko) 1992-02-19
AU2821789A (en) 1989-07-05
DK162037B (da) 1991-09-09
WO1989005262A1 (en) 1989-06-15
FI96757B (fi) 1996-05-15
KR970010830B1 (ko) 1997-07-01
DK162037C (da) 1992-02-10
SE459249B (sv) 1989-06-19
DK140990D0 (da) 1990-06-08
FI902810A0 (fi) 1990-06-05
EP0394320A1 (en) 1990-10-31

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