EP0393090A1

EP0393090A1 - Set of building elements for framework structures.

Info

Publication number: EP0393090A1
Application number: EP88910012A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Johannes Ernst Otto Staeger
Original assignee: Octanorm Vertriebs GmbH fuer Bauelemente
Current assignee: Octanorm Vertriebs GmbH fuer Bauelemente
Priority date: 1988-01-12
Filing date: 1988-11-12
Publication date: 1990-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 2008-11-12
Also published as: AU2781889A; TR24459A; NO893602L; DK419189D0; CN1028442C; GR1000673B; ATE80684T1; US5101607A; BR8807418A; CA1314126C; WO1989006724A1; DK164559B; FI92508C; AR247263A1; AU607031B2; NO170948C; DE8816884U1; OA09089A; CN1034601A; KR0138523B1

Abstract

Les fentes des noeuds d'articulation (3) débouchent dans des cavités (6) cylindriques parallèles et les têtes d'accrochage des tiges ont la forme d'épaississements (8) correspondants à la longueur des cavités (6), adaptés à leur section transversale, agencés à des extrémités aplaties (1a, 2a) des tiges de support (1, 2). On obtient ainsi un montage simple qui permet de construire une charpente stable de support. Ce nouveau jeu d'éléments de construction convient en particulier pour réaliser des structures temporaires, par exemple lors de foires ou d'expositions.The slots of the articulation nodes (3) open into parallel cylindrical cavities (6) and the rod attachment heads have the form of thickenings (8) corresponding to the length of the cavities (6), adapted to their section transverse, arranged at flattened ends (1a, 2a) of the support rods (1, 2). A simple assembly is thus obtained which makes it possible to construct a stable support frame. This new set of building elements is particularly suitable for making temporary structures, for example at fairs or exhibitions.

Description

Description:

Kit for the production of structures

The invention relates to a kit for the production of structures according to the preamble of claim 1.

There is a structure of the type mentioned (DE-GM 83 30 969), which is used to build a scaffold. In the known kit, a spherical connecting node is provided with four outer surfaces, each at an angle of 90 ° to one another, in which in each of the outer sides there is a slot which is open on one side and widens inwards like a T-profile . In these open slots adapted to the profile of the T-slot hangers can be inserted, which are provided on the end faces of the support rods. The connecting knot has a central thread with which it can be inserted into these support tubes with the aid of screw bolts which are provided in support tubes which are aligned with the thread. After the insertion of the hanging heads of the vertical support rods, an end plate is provided, which holds the hanging heads by means of an intermediate piece, which also serves as a fastening aid for turning the screw bolts, when the connecting knot is screwed onto the associated vertical support tube. The scaffolds constructed in this way can only consist of vertical and horizontal bars perpendicular to each other. The construction of such a scaffold εtes is time consuming due to the necessary screwing work. The overall arrangement is also complex because of the large number of parts required and because of their mutual assembly.

There is also known a knot connection for constructions constructed from rods (DE-OS 24 57 674), which permits the construction of supporting frames for scaffold-like or skeleton-like constructions, which not only consist of rods running at right angles to one another consist. In this type of construction, an element designed as a hollow hemisphere is provided as the connecting node, in which slots are provided which run along large circles and in which the ends of support rods provided with corresponding screw pins and nuts or screw heads can be used at different angles . With such connecting nodes it is therefore possible to form tetrahedral or cube-shaped basic elements for supporting structures which are composed of several such basic elements. With such a structure, however, the manufacture of the necessary components is relatively complex on the one hand; the assembly is cumbersome and conditional that the interior of the hemisphere, which serves as a connecting knot, is either accessible for gripping the screw heads or the nuts, or that precautions are taken which prevent the support tubes from turning afterwards if they have bolt-like heads to be pushed behind the slots. The assembly of such a system is time-consuming and complicated because of the necessary screwing operations for each individual support rod.

Finally, arrangements are also known (Deutsche Bauzeitung, Issue 3, 1967, p. 226), in which flattened ends of tubular rods, which are made of aluminum, preferably steel for reasons of strength, are provided with notches and axially in corresponding slots in a connecting node and be pressed in positively. The assembly is complex because of the desired clamp fit. Depending on the intended use, various extruded connecting nodes and suitable rods must also be provided. The invention is based, in particular for use in trade fair construction, to provide a kit for the manufacture of structures which is simple in its design and which, with the greatest possible stability, allows the simple assembly and disassembly of a structure, in which the supporting rods also under angles that deviate from 90 ° can be put together.

To solve the problem, the characterizing features of claim 1 are provided in a kit of the type mentioned. This measure allows the support rods to be inserted in a very simple manner with their ends into the cylindrical brackets of the connecting node, the local forces occurring being able to be kept low due to the positive engagement occurring on relatively large surfaces. In this way, it is possible to use materials of lower strength for the connecting knot as well as for the support tubes than are usually used for support systems, without however affecting the stability of the support structure.

It is advantageous if, according to the features of claims 2 and 3, a bead is formed on the flat-crimped ends of the support tubes by rolling in the free end. By this measure, namely the support tube remains despite a cylindrical end piece including his Einhängeteiles einstückig.Die production is facilitated by and there are no ^problems' on at junctions between the hooking and the eigent¬ union support tube.

According to the features of claims 4 and 5, the supporting rods can also be laid in different planes from the connecting node with a common connecting node, which makes it possible in a very simple way to form pyramid-like or tetrahedral-like basic elements for the supporting structure. In all cases, it is sufficient to use the beads created by rolling in the free ends of the flat-squeezed pipes to be introduced from one side into the chambers of the connecting node and then to secure them in these chambers by means of a screwed-on disk which can be designed in a particularly simple manner in accordance with the features of claims 6 and 7.

In the invention, in order to enable easy, manual hanging of the cylindrical beads into the corresponding chambers, a relatively large clearance between the beads and the chambers is permitted. With a structure, however, depending on the tensile or compressive forces that occur, the tolerances at all connection points, e.g. of an upper and a lower flange, so that a sag is unavoidable regardless of an additional additional load. In order to remedy this, the present invention provides two types of connection nodes according to the features of claims 9 and 10, which are each used at the connection points of a supporting structure that are exposed to the tensile or compressive forces. These so-called tension or compression knots are designed so that there are no tolerances on the side of the chambers against which the beads of the rods rest. The sag of a supporting structure caused by tolerances can thereby be avoided, although sufficient play is provided for the easy insertion of the cylindrical beads into the chambers of the connecting knot.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing using an exemplary embodiment and is described below. Show it

1 is a side view of a basic element for a supporting structure constructed from five connecting nodes and eight supporting rods,

2 is a top view of the base element of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 is a plan view of one of the in the floor plane of the Basic element of Fig. 1 extending support rods,

4 shows the side view of the support rod of FIG. 3,

5 shows the top view of one of the support rods laid in a diagonal plane of the base element of FIG. 1,

6 is a side view of the support rod of FIG. 5,

7 shows a schematic, perspective partial representation of the ends of two support rods to be arranged in a connecting node,

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the connection node of FIG. 7 with an inserted support tube and

9 finally shows the construction of a supporting structure from a kit according to the invention using the basic elements shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

1 and 2 show a basic element for the manufacture of a supporting structure which is produced from a kit according to the invention and which, as will be explained with reference to FIG. 9, can be combined with other similar basic structural elements to form a supporting structure leaves. 1 and 2, four support rods (1) are provided in the bottom plane of a pyramid with a square base and with four side surfaces in the form of isosceles triangles, each of which has ends at the ends in profile pieces (3) are held, the structure of which will be explained with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. From these profile pieces (3) sitting at the corners of the square, four support rods (2) extend diagonally upwards to the center of the pyramid, in whose central axis (11) perpendicular to the base area lies a fifth profile piece (3). The support rods (2) run S at an angle (cL) to the base, which in the exemplary embodiment is 37.5 °. The angle {β) in the top view of FIG. 2 is 45 °.

3 and 4 show that each of the support rods (1) consists of a tube which is squeezed flat at its two ends and is provided there with flat areas (1a) which are in an approximately cylindrical bead (8th ) pass over. The axis (12) of the two beads (8) is perpendicular to the axis (1 *) of the tube (1). The beads (8) are formed by rolling in the free end (lb) (FIG. 8) of the flat end regions (la) of the tubes (1). This has the advantage of a one-piece and simple manufacture of the tubes (1) including their connection areas. However, it would also be possible to rivet semi-cylindrical strips with the height of the areas (la) to the flat-squeezed areas (la) or to provide hemispherical or oval shapes in the areas (la) on both sides so that in the 3 shows the approximately circular cross section, which, as will be explained below, serves to be inserted into cylindrical chambers (6) of the profile pieces (3).

5 and 6 show that the diagonally laid support tubes (2) are basically similar. These support tubes too. (2) are squeezed flat at their ends, but in areas (2a) which run at an angle (© C) to the axis (2 ') of the support tubes (2). As a result of this, since the free ends are rolled up in a bead-like manner, similar to the support tubes (1), beads (& ') approximately cylindrical in shape, the axis of which also at an angle (β) to the axis (2') of the support tubes ( 2) runs. As already stated, the angle () is 37.5 ° in the exemplary embodiment.

As FIGS. 7 and 8 show, it is sufficient to build up the basic elements of FIGS. 1 and 2 - and of course also to add additional supporting rods to a supporting structure - the supporting rods (1) or similarly to insert the support rods (2) with their bulges (8) into cylindrical chambers (6) on the front side in order to thereby secure the support tubes (1) on the profile part (3).

In the exemplary embodiment, the profile part (3) is designed as a drawn profile piece with an axial length (h) which corresponds to the height (h) of the beads (8, 8 *) of the support rods (1 or 2). In this drawn profile piece, which can be made of aluminum, for example, slots (4) are evenly distributed over the circumference, each opening into associated cylindrical chambers (6), the axes of which are parallel to the slots (4) and parallel to the axis (13) of the otherwise cylindrical section (3). The width of the slots (4) leading from the chambers (6) to the outside is somewhat larger than the width of the flat-crimped end regions (la) of the support tubes (1 or 2). The diameter of the chambers (6) corresponds approximately to the diameter of the beads (8 or 8 *) _/ which arise when the free ends (Ib) of the flat-crimped end regions (1a) are rolled in. In this way, despite a slight play, which serves to easily insert the beads into the chambers, after inserting the beads (8 or 8 ') into the profile piece (3) there is a certain form fit that is sufficient to hold the support rods ( 1 or 2) on the profile piece (3). The surfaces of the beads (8, 8 ") and the chambers (6) which are in positive engagement with one another are relatively large. As a result the surface pressure can be kept relatively small, the support tubes (1 and 2 The supporting structure produced with the kit according to the invention can therefore be designed to be relatively light. This is important, for example, in the manufacture of exhibition and exhibition buildings, where the individual parts required for assembly are assembled before and after installation must be transported to other locations after disassembly, including the handling of lightweight individual parts it's easier.

The profile piece (3), as shown in FIG. 7, is closed on its lower side by a disk (5a) of the same diameter as the profile piece (3). It can be closed off at the top by a further disk (5) which is identical to the disk (5a) when all the beads (8 or 8 ') of the supporting rods (1 or 2) required for assembly are inserted in the profile piece. For this purpose, the disc (5) is provided in its center with a fixed screw (9) which can be screwed into a corresponding thread of a bore (14) running through the profile piece (3). The washer (5) - and analogously the washer (5a) - is provided with knurling (15) on its periphery, so that it can be screwed into the thread (10) easily and quickly by hand. A recess (16), which is also provided for attaching a tool and which can also be in the form of an Allen opening, finally enables a firm screwing together.

As is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2, a supporting structure according to FIG. 9 can be produced on the basis of the basic elements shown there, in each case following the supporting rods (1) laid in the base area of the pyramid of the basic elements and in alignment to which the support rods (1) of an adjacent pyramid can be laid and the tips of the two adjacent pyramids can be joined by a connecting piece (17), which in turn consists of a support rod (1). For reasons of clarity, however, the reference symbol (17) was chosen instead of the reference symbol (1).

It is of course also possible to reinforce the base of the pyramids serving as basic elements according to FIGS. 1 and 2 by additionally providing shorter diagonal struts which, in the plan view according to FIG. 2, under the obliquely upward supporting rods ( 2) lie and correspond in length to half the diagonal of the square base.

It is of course also possible to implement other shapes instead of the pyramid-shaped basic components provided with a square base area. The eight rotationally symmetrical chambers arranged in the profile piece (3) make it possible to arrange up to eight support rods in a plane running perpendicular to the axis of the profile piece (3) or also at an angle (θ), the angle («) also being variable can be held. However, it has been shown that a kit consisting of the two support tubes (1 and 2) according to FIGS. 3 to 6 and from the profile piece (3) with the disks (5, 5a), possibly with the aforementioned diagonal struts, is sufficient in order to be able to implement all of the generally desired structural designs.

As already stated, a certain amount of play is provided between the beads (8, 8 ') and the associated chambers (6) so that the beads can be easily inserted into the chambers without the aid of tools. However, these tolerances to be observed mean that a supporting structure, as shown in FIG. 9, occurs when it stands on the four outer corners with supporting columns (S) on the floor and, if necessary, additionally in mind deε arrows (B) is slack in the middle. In the case of larger spans, depending on the length of the rods used and the number of connecting nodes - in addition to the longitudinal direction in the exemplary embodiment - the structure can sag considerably in the middle. This sag can be several cm and may also be visually perceptible.

In order to avoid such a sag, two different types of connection nodes can be provided, which are basically constructed in the same way, but differ from one another in the dimensions (A and D) shown in FIG. 8. t fl

9, - a downward-supported ceiling - so-called tension connector (3 '') and pressure connector (3 ') are provided, each in the lower flange of the structure - tension connector (3 *') - or . be installed in the top flange - pressure connector (3 *). As is clear without further ado, all pressure connectors (3 ') of the supporting structure according to FIG. 9 are subjected to pressure, whereas the tension connectors (3 **) are subjected to tension.

The design of the tension and pressure connectors is now carried out in such a way that the dimension (D) and the dimension (A) dependent on it for the same chamber cross-section in the tension connector (3 ' ¹ ) by the sum of the permissible tolerances between the beads (8, 8 ') and chambers (6) is smaller than a pressure connector (3'). As a result, all tolerances for the pressure connector (3 ¹ ) are shifted outwards, for the train connector (3 ¹¹ ), however, towards the center. This means that a tolerance-dependent sag of the supporting structure is avoided.

In an example with a connecting node according to FIGS. 7 and 8 with an outer diameter of approximately 45 mm, the dimension (D) for the tension connector (3 * ') can be approximately 31.5 mm, for example, for the pressure connector 33.5 mm. Therefore, diameters of about 9 mm were provided for the chambers (6). The total permissible tolerances here are approximately 1 mm per connecting node (clearance between each bead and chambers approximately 0.25 mm), so that the difference for the diameter dimension (D) of 2 mm arises.

Of course, other dimensional deviations and correspondingly different differences in dimension (D) are also possible for pressure and tension connectors.

Claims

1. Kit for the production of supporting structures, consisting of supporting rods (1, 2) and at least one connecting node (3), which is provided with a plurality of mutually parallel, one-sided open slots (4) into which the supporting rods (1, 2 ) attached hanging heads, which are wider than the slots (4), engage in a form-fitting manner and are held by a disk (5) covering the free side of the slots (4), characterized in that the slots (4) are parallel to them running, approximately cylindrical chambers (6) open and that the hanging heads (7) as the length of the chambers

(6) corresponding thickenings (8), adapted to the cross section of the chambers (6), are formed on the flat squeezed ends (1a, 2a) of the supporting rods (1, 2).

2. Kit according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickenings are formed as an approximately cylindrical bead (8).

3. Kit according to claims 1 and 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the bead (8) by rolling the free ends (lb) of the flat pinched pipe ends (la, 2a) is formed.

4. Kit according to claims 1 to 3, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the bead (8) at 90 ° to the axis (l ¹ ) of the support rods (1).

5. Kit according to claims 1 to 3, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the bead (8 ¹ ) at an angle deviating from 90 ° (c) to the axis (2 ¹ ) of the support rods (2).

6. Kit according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting knot (3) is formed as a drawn and cut to length section part with continuous chambers (6) and the chambers (6) on both sides by screws screwed onto the profile part ( 5, 5a) can be locked.

7. Kit according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one of the washers (5) is formed as a knurled washer with a screw (9) inserted into its center, which is in a central thread (10) on the end face of the connecting node (3rd ) intervenes.

8. Kit according to claim 6, characterized in that eight rotationally symmetrical to the axis of the profile pieces (3) running chambers (6) are provided.

9. Kit according to claim 1, in which the tolerances for the dimensions of the thickenings and the cross section of the chambers are selected such that the suspension heads can be inserted easily into the chambers, characterized in that two types of connecting knots, tension connectors and Pressure connectors are provided, and that the chambers by the dimension resulting from the tolerances in the tension connector to the center of the connecting node, in the pressure connector, on the other hand, are arranged displaced outwards.

10. Kit according to claim 2 and 9, characterized in that the .Mittelachεen the cylindrical chambers are on a diameter which is smaller in the tension connector resulting from the permissible tolerances compared to the corresponding diameter in the pressure connector.