EP0391146B1 - Verbrennungsanlage zum Verbrennen von Brennmaterial insbesondere von Müll - Google Patents

Verbrennungsanlage zum Verbrennen von Brennmaterial insbesondere von Müll Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0391146B1
EP0391146B1 EP90105393A EP90105393A EP0391146B1 EP 0391146 B1 EP0391146 B1 EP 0391146B1 EP 90105393 A EP90105393 A EP 90105393A EP 90105393 A EP90105393 A EP 90105393A EP 0391146 B1 EP0391146 B1 EP 0391146B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
rows
air
firing
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90105393A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0391146A1 (de
Inventor
Martin Rudolf Zweifel
Daniel Spreiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Immobilien AG
Alstom SA
Original Assignee
W and E Umwelttechnik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by W and E Umwelttechnik AG filed Critical W and E Umwelttechnik AG
Publication of EP0391146A1 publication Critical patent/EP0391146A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0391146B1 publication Critical patent/EP0391146B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion  by discharging the air below the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an incinerator for burning fuel, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • waste When burning fuel, such as waste, there are various additional problems over burning a single fuel.
  • general waste was created to label waste, which is understood to mean processed household waste and similar fuel. These wastes are separated from scrap, glass, inert and compostable components and have a relatively high calorific value of approx. 15,000 kJ / kg. Because of the relatively high calorific value, this uniform waste places very high demands on the thermal treatment, ie on the control of the combustion processes on the mechanical furnace grate systems, not least because of the large differences in the composition of this waste, known as BRAM, RDF or FLUFF. However, these terms also include other fuel materials, for example bark waste or other materials that differ greatly from the normal heterogeneous waste composition and are composed of only a few components.
  • the high calorific value of the standard waste which is also extremely easy to ignite, requires a firing grate, the operation of which can be optimally adapted to the rapidly changing combustion processes.
  • Such a firing grate is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 4,320,710 by the same applicant.
  • This has a furnace with a horizontal or slightly inclined grate track and - viewed in the direction of flow of the fuel - rows of grate bars arranged one after the other, which are alternately arranged in a fixed position or moved back and forth.
  • the moving grate bar rows are moved back and forth by motorized lifting drives, by means of which they execute a swiveling movement around a torsion shaft and thereby move the grate bar rows.
  • adjacent, moving rows of grate bars perform an opposite movement, which are arranged in alternation with the fixed rows of grate bars, not only pushing the fuel forward, but also continuously stoking and circulating it.
  • the drive of the grate bar rows is infinitely variable and enables a slow, continuous movement.
  • the horizontal or slightly inclined grate track results in a low overall height and has no parts to be serviced in the underwind area.
  • the necessary primary combustion air is supplied from below through grate diarrhea funnels, which act as air zones along the grate. Thanks to the high tightness of the rust covering there is a relatively high air pressure gradient between the grate underside and the garbage bed, with which an extraordinarily regular air distribution over the entire grate width is achieved regardless of the burning layer density and thus a local burning of the garbage layer with the disadvantageous consequences for the quality of combustion is prevented.
  • a firing grate is known from DE-B-1 262 493, in which a first grate section adjacent to the material inlet has closed grate plates and is not supplied with a downwind.
  • the grate plates of the other grate sections have openings through which air (downwind) enters the combustion chamber.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that when the grate is subdivided into grate zones in the inlet-side first grate zone connected to the charging device, at least part of its grate bar rows are designed without air outlet for the primary air into the furnace, the inlet-side, without air outlet into the Firing chamber rows of grate bars are forced-cooled by primary air coming from the underwind area of the firing chamber. This ensures that despite the extreme ignitability of the standard waste, there is not already an intense fire at the transition from the loading device to the grate, which fulfills a prerequisite for high combustion efficiency.
  • the primary air heated by cooling the inlet-side grate bar rows can expediently be supplied to grate zones in which the grate bar rows are provided with air outlet into the combustion chamber.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that an optimization of the known incineration plant can be achieved if it is possible to evenly distribute the intensive fire which arises prematurely at the transition from the loading to the rust due to the ignitability of the standard waste over the rust zones.
  • the two embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 show such a solution.
  • the combustion system shown in FIG. 1 has a combustion chamber 1 which is provided with an essentially horizontal grate 2.
  • the secondary air required for the combustion of the flue gases is injected into the combustion chamber 1, see arrow 14.
  • the furnace grate 2 forms a grate track on which the material 3 to be burned, for example uniform waste, is heaped up and is moved over the grate to a discharge shaft, not shown.
  • the fuel 3 is introduced through a loading shaft 4 and is fed through a loading opening 6 in metered quantities via a crash 7 onto the firing grate 2 through a loading device 5 arranged at the base thereof.
  • the firing grate 2 is composed in the flow direction 8 from successively arranged grate bar rows, of which alternately the one grate bar rows moving bar rows 10 'and the other grate bar rows are fixed bar rows 10.
  • the firing grate 2 and the loading device 5 are supported on a substructure 11, which is not designated in any more detail.
  • the furnace grate 2 is divided into grate zones 12, the order of which is identified by Roman numerals.
  • the grate zones 12 correspond to underwind zones 13 arranged under the grate 2, through which primary air for the combustion of the fuel 3 lying on the grate 2 is fed separately to the individual grate zones I, II,.
  • the grate zones can be dosed individually with primary air.
  • the underwind zone 13 adjacent to the loading device 5 is designed in a special way.
  • the entry of the primary air indicated by arrows 15 takes place in the grate zones II, III, ... directly into the underwind zones 13 and this, represented by small arrows 16 on the top of the grate 2, passes through the grate bar rows 10 into the overlying layer of fuel 3rd
  • the zone air supplied there which is mainly used only for grate bar cooling, can be used in the subsequent grate zones, as a result of which a uniform burn-off is achieved over the entire surface of the grate 2 becomes.
  • a targeted supply of the combustion air can be achieved according to the combustion process over the grate length.
  • the forward movement of the fuel and its fueling can be achieved by variable and different lifting speeds of the movement of the grate bar rows in the individual grate zones.
  • the grate zone I immediately following the loading device 5 is equipped not only with rows of grate bars without air outlet but also with those with air outlet 16.
  • the primary air 15 is guided as in the system of FIG. 1 through the baffles 17, which on the Underside of the grate bar rows without air outlet and then flows through the grate bar rows 10 with air outlet 16 into the layer of fuel 3 lying on the grate 2.
  • the cooling air heated on the grate bar rows without air outlet is not discharged into other grate zones; the heated cooling air passes through the grate bar rows with air outlet 16 of the first grate zone I into the fuel layer.
  • the grate bar rows 10 without air outlet are of a similar shape to the grate bars with air outlet. It is thus possible to replace grate bars with air outlet by grate bars 20 without air outlet without changing dimensions.
  • the grate bars 20 essentially consist of a grate bar surface 21 on the underside of which two cooling fins 22 are arranged at a distance.
  • the cooling fins 22 have two bores 23 for receiving coupling rods 24, with the aid of which see Fig. 3, a number of grate bars 20 is held together.
  • the furnace grate 2 is delimited by grate side plates 30 to which brackets 25 are fastened on the downwind side, on the edge 26 of which a cooling fin 22 of the outermost grate bar 20 is hooked in the fixed bar rows 10. In this way, the play between the outermost grate bar and the grate side plate 30 is kept small.
  • the primary air rising through the guide plates 17 is indicated in FIG. 3 by arrows 15. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the grate bar surface 21 has a curvature 27 on the combustion chamber side which merges into a support shoe 28.
  • a mounting bracket 29 is provided for receiving by a bar holder (not shown). With the reciprocating grate bar rows, this grate bar holder is moved back and forth for the movement of the grate bars, as described in the patent mentioned at the beginning.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP90105393A 1989-04-03 1990-03-22 Verbrennungsanlage zum Verbrennen von Brennmaterial insbesondere von Müll Expired - Lifetime EP0391146B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH120189 1989-04-03
CH1201/89 1989-04-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0391146A1 EP0391146A1 (de) 1990-10-10
EP0391146B1 true EP0391146B1 (de) 1993-10-13

Family

ID=4204876

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90105393A Expired - Lifetime EP0391146B1 (de) 1989-04-03 1990-03-22 Verbrennungsanlage zum Verbrennen von Brennmaterial insbesondere von Müll

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0391146B1 (pt)
JP (1) JPH02287008A (pt)
AT (1) ATE95907T1 (pt)
DE (1) DE59003045D1 (pt)
DK (1) DK0391146T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2044286T3 (pt)
NO (1) NO174438C (pt)
PT (1) PT93649B (pt)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04186008A (ja) * 1990-11-16 1992-07-02 Nkk Corp ごみ焼却炉燃焼装置
EP0972989A1 (de) * 1998-07-15 2000-01-19 Asea Brown Boveri AG Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Feststoffen
DE102004032291B4 (de) * 2004-07-03 2006-07-13 Lurgi Lentjes Ag Rostplatte
DE102004034322B4 (de) * 2004-07-15 2006-09-28 Lurgi Lentjes Ag Rostplatte
ITMI20041746A1 (it) * 2004-09-14 2004-12-14 Tm E S P A Termomeccanica Impianto di smaltimento rifiuti
EP2487414B1 (de) * 2011-02-04 2016-11-02 Seko-Patent GmbH Roststab

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE415130C (de) * 1922-10-13 1925-06-24 C H Weck Comm Ges Feuerung fuer Muellverbrennungsoefen
DE1262493B (de) * 1959-08-18 1968-03-07 Fuller Co Unterwind-Schraegrost zur Muellverbrennung
JPS4732058U (pt) * 1971-05-01 1972-12-11
JPS50161067A (pt) * 1974-06-14 1975-12-26

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0391146A1 (de) 1990-10-10
PT93649A (pt) 1991-11-29
ES2044286T3 (es) 1994-01-01
NO174438C (no) 1994-05-04
NO901484D0 (no) 1990-04-02
PT93649B (pt) 1998-05-29
NO901484L (no) 1990-10-04
ATE95907T1 (de) 1993-10-15
DE59003045D1 (de) 1993-11-18
JPH02287008A (ja) 1990-11-27
NO174438B (no) 1994-01-24
DK0391146T3 (da) 1993-11-15

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