EP0384280A2 - Heater for mobile units - Google Patents
Heater for mobile units Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0384280A2 EP0384280A2 EP90102862A EP90102862A EP0384280A2 EP 0384280 A2 EP0384280 A2 EP 0384280A2 EP 90102862 A EP90102862 A EP 90102862A EP 90102862 A EP90102862 A EP 90102862A EP 0384280 A2 EP0384280 A2 EP 0384280A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switched
- ignition
- combustion air
- air blower
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/20—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays
- F23N5/203—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
- F23N2227/02—Starting or ignition cycles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
- F23N2227/04—Prepurge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2233/00—Ventilators
- F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
- F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2241/00—Applications
- F23N2241/14—Vehicle heating, the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heater for mobile units, e.g. Motor vehicles, with a burner for liquid fuel, which has a combustion air blower with a motor, a mixing device for generating a fuel / air mixture, an ignition electrode arrangement and a combustion chamber, and with a controller for controlling the ignition process.
- a heater for mobile units e.g. Motor vehicles
- a burner for liquid fuel which has a combustion air blower with a motor, a mixing device for generating a fuel / air mixture, an ignition electrode arrangement and a combustion chamber, and with a controller for controlling the ignition process.
- Such heaters are usually used as so-called auxiliary or auxiliary heaters in passenger and truck vehicles and in buses.
- the liquid fuel (petrol or diesel oil) is mixed with combustion air using a blower motor and a mixing device and burned in a combustion chamber.
- the heat generated in the combustion chamber is dissipated with the help of a heat transfer medium (air or water).
- the fuel is atomized using a pressure atomizer.
- the fuel is expelled from a fuel nozzle with pressure, and air is directed from the combustion air blower into the area of the nozzle so that the sprayed-out fuel mixes well with the air.
- the high air flow rate leads to a good mixing of air and fuel during operation, but has the disadvantage that there are ignition difficulties, especially at high operating voltages in a cold environment.
- the object of the invention is to provide a heater of the type mentioned, in which a perfect ignition is guaranteed even at high operating voltages and / or low temperatures.
- control system so that the ignition process takes place while the speed of the combustion air blower motor is below the operating speed, switches the engine off and, at the same time or somewhat later, ignites by means of the ignition electrode arrangement.
- the invention is particularly effective and interesting in connection with pressure atomizing burners with high-voltage ignition.
- the heaters are usually operated in such a way that the combustion air blower is started first after being switched on in order to "pre-flush” the burner.
- the invention now provides that the combustion air blower is first switched on for this “pre-purging”, but then switched off again for a first predetermined period of time, i.e. to be de-energized so that the speed decreases steadily when the blower motor runs out. In this phase of constantly decreasing fan speed, the ignition point falls after the fuel supply is switched on.
- the composition of the mixture is constantly changing, i.e. it is in an optimal state for ignition at any time. In any case, it is achieved that a mixture which is most suitable for the ignition is present.
- the speed of the combustion air blower must be increased again to the value intended for normal operation by re-energizing the blower motor. You can set the time to turn the blower back on so that it is a certain amount of time away from turning the blower off.
- the heaters in question have a flame detection device which, in conjunction with the control device of the device, ensures that the ignition process or the operation of the device is stopped, in particular the fuel supply is interrupted if there is no flame for a certain period of time is.
- the signal supplied by the flame detection device is used according to the invention to switch the combustion air blower on again after the ignition process.
- the heater is thus started by first switching on the combustion air fan after a certain period of time is switched off, then the fuel supply is switched on (a solenoid valve in the fuel line is opened), an ignition voltage is applied to the ignition electrodes, and the signal supplied by the flame detection device causes the combustion air blower to be switched on again.
- the engine of the combustion air blower is switched off, and the speed of the blower continuously decreases until the blower is switched on again after flame detection, even if a speed range for a possible ignition is known, after switching on the combustion air blower motor and after its operating speed for stationary operation is reached, the motor is switched off and then switched on and off intermittently a certain time later, so that during the intermittent switching of the blower motor, the fuel supply begins and the ignition is switched on and that after the ignition, the blower motor is continuously energized again.
- the ignition timing falls within a range of steady decrease in fan speed
- an intermittent operation of the fan motor ensures that the fan operates in a certain range of relatively low speed.
- the procedure is such that the intermittent switching on and off is controlled in accordance with two predetermined voltage levels, for which purpose with the blower motor switched off, which then works as a generator because it runs on due to its own inertia, the EMF is detected and compared with the two voltage levels becomes.
- the control devices required for this are easy to implement using the control devices already present in such heaters. For example, there is a test circuit which is used to test the function of the blower motor after it has started.
- the motor that is started is briefly switched off and the EMF generated by the motor that then works as a generator is recorded during the switch-off time.
- This device can also be used to obtain the two voltage levels mentioned for controlling the intermittent switching of the blower motor. Basically, you can also work with a single comparison voltage level to switch the blower motor on again when a minimum level is reached. The motor is switched on in the meantime during predefined fixed time intervals.
- the invention is specifically directed to an auxiliary heater with a pressure atomizing burner and high-voltage ignition.
- Such devices are generally known and do not need to be explained in more detail here. In the present case, it is specifically about the ignition process.
- the motor of the combustion air blower is switched on when the device is switched on. Then the pre-rinse phase follows. From the switch-on time (t0), it takes a certain time until the combustion air blower has reached the nominal speed of, for example, 5000 rpm. At a time t1, the combustion air blower is switched off. The fan continues to run at a steadily decreasing speed. Simultaneously with the switching off of the fan (t 1) or at a certain time t 2 after switching off the combustion air fan, the ignition is switched on, and the solenoid valve contained in the fuel line is opened, so that fuel is supplied to the fuel nozzle. The one out of the nozzle kicking fuel mixes with the combustion air coming from the combustion air blower.
- the time interval between t2 and t1 can preferably - as I said - be zero, but it can also be set to a finite value depending on the "ignition speed" to be expected.
- the ignition is switched on after the combustion air blower is switched off, e.g. at a speed of 3800 rpm, and the ignition of the fuel / air mixture then takes place at a somewhat lower speed.
- Fig. 2 shows the speed curve of the combustion air blower motor in connection with the on and off signals of the engine according to another embodiment of the invention.
- the combustion air blower motor After switching off the voltage source, the combustion air blower motor works as a generator and generates an EMF which depends on the respective speed n.
- the air flow rate V is approximately proportional to the speed.
- the motor is switched off.
- the EMF then generated by the blower motor is determined and with a lower smolder lenwert c compared. If the two compared values at time ta are the same, the blower motor is switched on again. A higher threshold value b is reached at time t b , so that the blower motor is switched off again at this time t b .
- the speed of the combustion air blower moves between the two values c and b.
- the fuel supply is switched on and the ignition electrodes are switched on.
- the flame is recognized and the blower motor is again continuously energized.
- the determination of the speed or the EMF according to the level b can be omitted, and instead the duty cycle b during which the blower motor is briefly switched on can be determined. Based on empirical values, the value b can be determined in such a way that after this period a speed is reached which corresponds approximately to the value b.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Heizgerät für mobile Einheiten, z.B. Kraftfahrzeuge, mit einem Brenner für Flüssigbrennstoff, der ein Verbrennungsluftgebläse mit Motor, eine Mischeinrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Brennstoffluftgemisches, eine Zündelektrodenanordnung und eine Brennkammer aufweist, und mit einer Steuerung zum Steuern des Zündvorganges.The invention relates to a heater for mobile units, e.g. Motor vehicles, with a burner for liquid fuel, which has a combustion air blower with a motor, a mixing device for generating a fuel / air mixture, an ignition electrode arrangement and a combustion chamber, and with a controller for controlling the ignition process.
Solche Heizgeräte werden üblicherweise als sogenannte Zusatz- oder Standheizungen in Personen- und Lastkraftfahrzeugen und in Omnibussen eingesetzt. Der flüssige Brennstoff (Benzin oder Dieselöl) wird mit Hilfe eines Gebläsemotors und einer Mischeinrichtung mit Verbrennungsluft vermischt und in einer Brennkammer verbrannt. Die in der Brennkammer entstehende Wärme wird mit Hilfe eines Wärmeträgers (Luft oder Wasser) abgeleitet.Such heaters are usually used as so-called auxiliary or auxiliary heaters in passenger and truck vehicles and in buses. The liquid fuel (petrol or diesel oil) is mixed with combustion air using a blower motor and a mixing device and burned in a combustion chamber. The heat generated in the combustion chamber is dissipated with the help of a heat transfer medium (air or water).
Das Zerstäuben des Brennstoffs erfolgt bei bestimmten Geräten mit Hilfe eines Druckzerstäubers. Aus einer Brennstoffdüse wird der Brennstoff mit Druck ausgetrieben, und von dem Verbrennungsluftgebläse wird Luft in den Bereich der Düse geleitet, damit sich der ausgesprühte Brennstoff mit der Luft gut durchmischt.In certain devices, the fuel is atomized using a pressure atomizer. The fuel is expelled from a fuel nozzle with pressure, and air is directed from the combustion air blower into the area of the nozzle so that the sprayed-out fuel mixes well with the air.
Für eine gute Verbrennung ist bekanntlich eine gute Durchmischung von Luft und Brennstoff erforderlich. Bei Heizgeräten der hier in Rede stehenden Art sind wegen des Erfordernisses einer möglichst kompakten Bauweise die Brennkammern relativ klein, so daß das Mischen von Luft und Brennstoff innerhalb eines eng begrenzten Bereiches stattfinden muß. Es ist nun festgestellt worden, daß eine gute Durchmischung von Luft und Brennstoff bei Brennkammern mit geringem Volumen praktisch nur mit relativ hohen Luftströmungsgeschwindigkeiten erreicht werden kann. Deshalb arbeitet das Verbrennungsluftgebläse bei einem solchen Heizgerät mit relativ hoher Drehzahl.As is well known, good mixing of air and fuel is required for good combustion. In the case of heaters of the type in question, the combustion chambers are relatively small because of the need for a construction which is as compact as possible, so that the mixing of air and fuel takes place within a narrow range got to. It has now been found that good mixing of air and fuel in combustion chambers with a small volume can practically only be achieved with relatively high air flow rates. Therefore, the combustion air blower works with such a heater at a relatively high speed.
Die hohe Luftströmungsgeschwindigkeit führt zwar während des Betriebs zu einer guten Durchmischung von Luft und Brennstoff, hat aber den Nachteil, daß es zu Zündschwierigkeiten kommt, insbesondere bei hohen Betriebsspannungen in kalter Umgebung.The high air flow rate leads to a good mixing of air and fuel during operation, but has the disadvantage that there are ignition difficulties, especially at high operating voltages in a cold environment.
Zum Verbessern der Zündeigenschaften eines solchen Heizgerätes kann man daran denken, den Gebläsemotor mit einem Vorwiderstand zu beschalten, der in der Zündphase während eines bestimmten Zeitintervalles für eine niedrigere Drehzahl des Gebläsemotors sorgt. Abgesehen von der damit verbundenen elektrischen Verlustleistung und dem Erfordernis, die im Vorwiderstand entstehende Wärme abzuleiten, ist es aufgrund von unvermeidlichen Drehzahltoleranzen schwierig, die für den Zündvorgang geeignete Drehzahl festzulegen.To improve the ignition properties of such a heater, one can think of wiring the blower motor with a series resistor, which ensures a lower speed of the blower motor in the ignition phase for a certain time interval. Apart from the associated electrical power loss and the need to dissipate the heat generated in the series resistor, it is difficult to determine the appropriate speed for the ignition process due to inevitable speed tolerances.
Man kann weiterhin daran denken, die Luftzuführung so zu gestalten, daß eine niedrigere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht wird. Derartige konstruktive Lösungen sind aber riskant, da die Gefahr der übermäßigen Rußbildung, insbesondere bei Niedrigspannung aufgrund schlechter Durchmischung von Luft- und Brennstoff besteht.One can also think of designing the air supply in such a way that a lower flow rate is achieved. Such constructive solutions are risky, however, since there is a risk of excessive soot formation, especially at low voltages, due to poor mixing of air and fuel.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Heizgerät der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, bei dem eine einwandfreie Zündung auch bei hohen Betriebsspannungen und/oder tiefen Temperaturen gewährleistet ist.The object of the invention is to provide a heater of the type mentioned, in which a perfect ignition is guaranteed even at high operating voltages and / or low temperatures.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß die Steuerung, damit der Zündvorgang stattfindet, während die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläse-Motors unterhalb der Betriebsdrehzahl liegt, den Motor abschaltet und gleichzeitig damit oder etwas später mittels der Zündelektrodenanordnung zündet. Besonders wirksam und interessant ist die Erfindung in Verbindung mit Druckzerstäuberbrennern mit Hochspannungszündung.This object is achieved in that the control system, so that the ignition process takes place while the speed of the combustion air blower motor is below the operating speed, switches the engine off and, at the same time or somewhat later, ignites by means of the ignition electrode arrangement. The invention is particularly effective and interesting in connection with pressure atomizing burners with high-voltage ignition.
Üblicherweise werden die Heizgeräte so betrieben, daß nach dem Einschalten zunächst das Verbrennungsluftgebläse in Gang gesetzt wird, um den Brenner "vorzuspülen". Die Erfindung sieht nun vor, das Verbrennungsluftgebläse für dieses "Vorspülen" zunächst einzuschalten, dann aber wieder für eine erste vorbestimmte Zeitspanne auszuschalten, d.h. spannungslos zu schalten, so daß die Drehzahl bei auslaufendem Gebläsemotor stetig abnimmt. In diese Phase sich ständig verringernder Gebläsedrehzahl fällt der Zündzeitpunkt nach Einschalten der Brennstoffzufuhr. Dadurch wird erstens erreicht, daß wegen der verringerten Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses eine geringe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und folglich auch eine geringere Luftmenge vorhanden ist, wodurch das Brennstoff-/Luftgemisch fetter wird und einfacher gezündet werden kann, während zweitens durch die ständig geringer werdende Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses sich die Zusammensetzung des Gemisches ständig ändert, also zu irgendeinem Zeitpunkt einen für eine Zündung optimalen Zustand einnimmt. Es wird auf jeden Fall erreicht, daß ein für die Zündung bestens geeignetes Gemisch vorhanden ist.The heaters are usually operated in such a way that the combustion air blower is started first after being switched on in order to "pre-flush" the burner. The invention now provides that the combustion air blower is first switched on for this “pre-purging”, but then switched off again for a first predetermined period of time, i.e. to be de-energized so that the speed decreases steadily when the blower motor runs out. In this phase of constantly decreasing fan speed, the ignition point falls after the fuel supply is switched on. This ensures, firstly, that due to the reduced speed of the combustion air blower there is a low flow velocity and consequently also a smaller amount of air, which makes the fuel / air mixture richer and easier to ignite, while secondly, due to the constantly lower speed of the combustion air blower, the The composition of the mixture is constantly changing, i.e. it is in an optimal state for ignition at any time. In any case, it is achieved that a mixture which is most suitable for the ignition is present.
Nach erfolgter Zündung muß die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses wieder auf den für den Normalbetrieb vorgesehenen Wert angehoben werden, indem der Gebläsemotor wieder an Spannung gelegt wird. Man kann den Zeitpunkt des Wiedereinschaltens des Gebläses so festlegen, daß er vom Ausschalten des Gebläses eine bestimmte Zeitspanne entfernt ist.After ignition has taken place, the speed of the combustion air blower must be increased again to the value intended for normal operation by re-energizing the blower motor. You can set the time to turn the blower back on so that it is a certain amount of time away from turning the blower off.
Die hier in Rede stehenden Heizgeräte besitzen aber aufgrund einschlägiger Vorschriften eine Flammerkennungseinrichtung, die in Verbindung mit der Steuereinrichtung des Gerätes dafür sorgt, daß der Zündvorgang oder der Betrieb des Gerätes abgebrochen wird, insbesondere die Brennstoffzufuhr unterbrochen wird, wenn eine bestimmte Zeit lang keine Flamme vorhanden ist. Das von der Flammenerkennungseinrichtung gelieferte Signal wird erfindungsgemäß dazu verwendet, nach dem Zündvorgang das Verbrennungsluftgebläse wieder einzuschalten. Das Inbetriebsetzen des Heizgerätes erfolgt also dadurch, daß zunächst das Verbrennungsluftgebläse eingeschaltet wird, nach einer gewissen Zeitspanne span nungslos geschaltet wird, dann die Brennstoffzufuhr eingeschaltet wird (dazu wird ein in der Brennstoffleitung befindliches Magnetventil geöffnet), eine Zündspannung an die Zündelektroden gelegt wird, und das von der Flammenerkennungseinrichtung gelieferte Signal das Wiedereinschalten des Verbrennungsluftgebläses veranlaßt.However, due to the relevant regulations, the heaters in question have a flame detection device which, in conjunction with the control device of the device, ensures that the ignition process or the operation of the device is stopped, in particular the fuel supply is interrupted if there is no flame for a certain period of time is. The signal supplied by the flame detection device is used according to the invention to switch the combustion air blower on again after the ignition process. The heater is thus started by first switching on the combustion air fan after a certain period of time is switched off, then the fuel supply is switched on (a solenoid valve in the fuel line is opened), an ignition voltage is applied to the ignition electrodes, and the signal supplied by the flame detection device causes the combustion air blower to be switched on again.
Während bei dem oben erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel zur Verringerung des Luftdurchsatzes beim Startvorgang der Motor des Verbrennungsluftgebläses ausgeschaltet wird, und die Drehzahl des Gebläses ständig abnimmt, bis nach Flammenerkennung das Gebläse wieder eingeschaltet wird, kann auch, wenn ein Drehzahlbereich für eine mögliche Zündung bekannt ist, nach dem Einschalten des Verbrennungsluftgebläse-Motors und nachdem dessen Betriebsdrehzahl für den stationären Betrieb erreicht ist, der Motor spannungslos geschaltet werden und dann eine gewisse Zeit später intermittierend ein- und ausgeschaltet werden, so daß während des intermittierenden Schaltens des Gebläsemotors mit der Brennstoffzufuhr begonnen und die Zündung eingeschaltet wird und daß nach erfolgter Zündung der Gebläsemotor wieder dauernd an Spannung gelegt wird. Während bei dem einen Ausführungsbeispiel der Zündzeitpunkt in einen Bereich stetiger Abnahme der Gebläsedrehzahl fällt, wird bei der letztgenannten Ausführungsform durch einen intermittierenden Betrieb des Gebläsemotors erreicht, daß das Gebläse in einem gewissen Bereich einer relativ niedrigen Drehzahl arbeitet. Vorzugsweise wird dabei so vorgegangen, daß das intermittierende Ein- und Ausschalten nach Maßgabe zweier vorgegebener Spannungspegel gesteuert wird, wozu bei ausgeschaltetem Gebläsemotor, der dann als Generator arbeitet, weil er aufgrund der ihm eigenen Trägheit nachläuft, die EMK erfaßt und mit den beiden Spannungspegeln verglichen wird. Die hierzu erforderlichen Steuereinrichtungen sind leicht zu realisieren mit Hilfe der in solchen Heizgeräten bereits vorhandenen Steuereinrichtungen. Beispielsweise gibt es eine Prüfschaltung, mit der nach Anfahren des Gebläsemotors dessen Funktion geprüft wird. Hierzu wird der angefahrene Motor kurzzeitig ausgeschaltet und während der Ausschaltzeit die von dem dann als Generator arbeitenden Motor erzeugte EMK erfaßt. Mit die ser Einrichtung lassen sich auch die beiden genannten Spannungspegel für die Steuerung des intermittierenden Schaltens des Gebläsemotors gewinnen. Grundsätzlich kann man auch mit einem einzigen Vergleichs-Spannungspegel arbeiten, um bei Erreichen eines Minimum-Pegels den Gebläsemotor wieder einzuschalten. Das zwischenzeitliche Einschalten des Motors erfolgt während vorgegebener fester Zeitintervalle.While in the exemplary embodiment explained above, in order to reduce the air throughput during the starting process, the engine of the combustion air blower is switched off, and the speed of the blower continuously decreases until the blower is switched on again after flame detection, even if a speed range for a possible ignition is known, after switching on the combustion air blower motor and after its operating speed for stationary operation is reached, the motor is switched off and then switched on and off intermittently a certain time later, so that during the intermittent switching of the blower motor, the fuel supply begins and the ignition is switched on and that after the ignition, the blower motor is continuously energized again. While in one embodiment the ignition timing falls within a range of steady decrease in fan speed, in the latter embodiment an intermittent operation of the fan motor ensures that the fan operates in a certain range of relatively low speed. Preferably, the procedure is such that the intermittent switching on and off is controlled in accordance with two predetermined voltage levels, for which purpose with the blower motor switched off, which then works as a generator because it runs on due to its own inertia, the EMF is detected and compared with the two voltage levels becomes. The control devices required for this are easy to implement using the control devices already present in such heaters. For example, there is a test circuit which is used to test the function of the blower motor after it has started. For this purpose, the motor that is started is briefly switched off and the EMF generated by the motor that then works as a generator is recorded during the switch-off time. With the This device can also be used to obtain the two voltage levels mentioned for controlling the intermittent switching of the blower motor. Basically, you can also work with a single comparison voltage level to switch the blower motor on again when a minimum level is reached. The motor is switched on in the meantime during predefined fixed time intervals.
Im folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 den zeitlichen Verlauf der Drehzahl eines Verbrennungsluftgebläse-Motors eines Heizgeräts für ein Kraftfahrzeug, und
- Fig. 2 den zeitlichen Verlauf der Drehzahl eines Verbrennungsluftgebläse-Motors nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.
- Fig. 1 shows the time course of the speed of a combustion air fan motor of a heater for a motor vehicle, and
- Fig. 2 shows the time course of the speed of a combustion air blower motor according to another embodiment of the invention.
Die Erfindung ist speziell auf eine Standheizung mit Druckzerstäuberbrenner und Hochspannungszündung gerichtet. Derartige Geräte sind allgemein bekannt und brauchen hier nicht näher erläutert zu werden. Im vorliegenden Fall geht es speziell um den Zündvorgang.The invention is specifically directed to an auxiliary heater with a pressure atomizing burner and high-voltage ignition. Such devices are generally known and do not need to be explained in more detail here. In the present case, it is specifically about the ignition process.
Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, wird mit dem Einschalten des Geräts der Motor des Verbrennungsluftgebläses eingeschaltet. Dann schließt sich die Vorspülphase an. Von dem Einschaltzeitpunkt (t₀) an dauert es eine gewisse Zeit bis das Verbrennungsluftgebläse die Nenndrehzahl von z.B. 5000 UPM erreicht hat. Zu einem Zeitpunkt t1 wird das Verbrennungsluftgebläse spannungslos geschaltet. Das Gebläse läuft mit stetig abnehmender Drehzahl weiter. Gleichzeitig mit dem Abschalten des Gebläses (t₁) oder zu einem gewissen Zeitpunkt t₂ nach dem Abschalten des Verbrennungsluftgebläses wird die Zündung eingeschaltet, und das in der Brennstoffleitung enthaltene Magnetventil wird geöffnet, so daß der Brennstoffdüse Brennstoff zugeführt wird. Der aus der Düse aus tretende Brennstoff vermischt sich mit der von dem Verbrennungsluftgebläse kommenden Verbrennungsluft. Da an die Zündelektrode eine Hochspannung gelegt wird, kann es zur Zündung kommen. Nach dem Zeitpunkt t₂ nimmt die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses mehr und mehr ab. Das Gemisch aus Luft und Brennstoff wird dabei etwas fetter. Zu irgendeinem Zeitpunkt nach dem Zeitpunkt t₂ hat das Gemisch aus Luft und Brennstoff die für die Zündung geeignete Zusammensetzung und Strömungsgeschwindigkeit. Dann kommt es zum Zeitpunkt t₃ zur Zündung. Die nun entstehende Flamme wird von einer Flammenerkennungseinrichtung erkannt. Die Flammenerkennungseinrichtung liefert ein Signal, aufgrund dessen das Gebläse eingeschaltet und die Zündung ausgeschaltet wird. Die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses steigt wieder auf den Nennwert von 5000 UPM an, und anschließend arbeitet das Gerät im stationären Zustand.As shown in Fig. 1, the motor of the combustion air blower is switched on when the device is switched on. Then the pre-rinse phase follows. From the switch-on time (t₀), it takes a certain time until the combustion air blower has reached the nominal speed of, for example, 5000 rpm. At a time t1, the combustion air blower is switched off. The fan continues to run at a steadily decreasing speed. Simultaneously with the switching off of the fan (t 1) or at a certain time t 2 after switching off the combustion air fan, the ignition is switched on, and the solenoid valve contained in the fuel line is opened, so that fuel is supplied to the fuel nozzle. The one out of the nozzle kicking fuel mixes with the combustion air coming from the combustion air blower. Since a high voltage is applied to the ignition electrode, ignition can occur. After the time t₂, the speed of the combustion air fan decreases more and more. The mixture of air and fuel gets a little richer. At some point after the time t₂, the mixture of air and fuel has the composition and flow rate suitable for the ignition. Then there is ignition at time t₃. The flame now generated is recognized by a flame detection device. The flame detection device supplies a signal, on the basis of which the fan is switched on and the ignition is switched off. The speed of the combustion air blower rises again to the nominal value of 5000 rpm, and then the device operates in the stationary state.
Der Zeitabstand zwischen t₂ und t₁ kann vorzugsweise - wie gesagt - Null betragen, er kann aber auch abhängig von der etwa zu erwartenden "Zünddrehzahl" auf einen endlichen Wert eingestellt werden.The time interval between t₂ and t₁ can preferably - as I said - be zero, but it can also be set to a finite value depending on the "ignition speed" to be expected.
Das Einschalten der Zündung nach dem Ausschalten des Verbrennungsluftgebläses erfolgt z.B. bei einer Drehzahl von 3800 UPM, und das Entzünden des Brennstoff-/Luftgemisches erfolgt dann bei einer noch etwas geringeren Drehzahl.The ignition is switched on after the combustion air blower is switched off, e.g. at a speed of 3800 rpm, and the ignition of the fuel / air mixture then takes place at a somewhat lower speed.
Fig. 2 zeigt den Drehzahlverlauf des Verbrennungsluftgebläse-Motors in Verbindung mit den Ein- und Ausschaltsignalen des Motors gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.Fig. 2 shows the speed curve of the combustion air blower motor in connection with the on and off signals of the engine according to another embodiment of the invention.
Der Verbrennungsluftgebläse-Motor arbeitet nach Abschalten von der Spannungsquelle als Generator und erzeugt eine EMK, die von der jeweiligen Drehzahl n abhängt. Der Luftdurchsatz V ist etwa proprotional zu der Drehzahl.After switching off the voltage source, the combustion air blower motor works as a generator and generates an EMF which depends on the respective speed n. The air flow rate V is approximately proportional to the speed.
Im Zeitpunkt t₁, also nachdem die Nenndrehzahl a für den stationären Betrieb erreicht ist, wird der Motor ausgeschaltet. Die dann von dem Gebläsemotor erzeugte EMK wird ermittelt und mit einem unteren Schwel lenwert c verglichen. Sind die beiden verglichenen Werte im Zeitpunkt ta gleich, wird der Gebläsemotor wieder eingeschaltet. Im Zeitpunkt tb wird ein höherer Schwellenwert b erreicht, so daß zu diesem Zeitpunkt tb der Gebläsemotor wieder ausgeschaltet wird. Durch wiederholtes Ein- und Ausschalten bewegt sich die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsluftgebläses zwischen den beiden Werten c und b. In dieser Phase des intermittierenden Ein- und Ausschaltens erfolgt das Einschalten der Brennstoffzufuhr und das Einschalten der Zündelektroden. Im Zeitpunkt t₃ wird die Flamme erkannt und der Gebläsemotor wird wieder dauernd an Spannung gelegt.At the time t 1, that is, after the nominal speed a is reached for stationary operation, the motor is switched off. The EMF then generated by the blower motor is determined and with a lower smolder lenwert c compared. If the two compared values at time ta are the same, the blower motor is switched on again. A higher threshold value b is reached at time t b , so that the blower motor is switched off again at this time t b . By repeatedly switching on and off, the speed of the combustion air blower moves between the two values c and b. In this phase of the intermittent switching on and off, the fuel supply is switched on and the ignition electrodes are switched on. At the time t₃ the flame is recognized and the blower motor is again continuously energized.
Das Ermitteln der Drehzahl bzw. der EMK entsprechend dem Pegel b kann entfallen, und statt dessen kann die Einschaltdauer b, während der der Gebläsemotor kurzfristig eingeschaltet wird, festgelegt werden. Aufgrund von Erfahrungswerten kann man den Wert b so festlegen, daß nach dieser Zeitspanne eine Drehzahl erreicht ist, die etwa dem Wert b entspricht.The determination of the speed or the EMF according to the level b can be omitted, and instead the duty cycle b during which the blower motor is briefly switched on can be determined. Based on empirical values, the value b can be determined in such a way that after this period a speed is reached which corresponds approximately to the value b.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3905603A DE3905603A1 (en) | 1989-02-23 | 1989-02-23 | HEATING UNIT FOR MOBILE UNITS |
DE3905603 | 1989-02-23 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0384280A2 true EP0384280A2 (en) | 1990-08-29 |
EP0384280A3 EP0384280A3 (en) | 1991-07-03 |
EP0384280B1 EP0384280B1 (en) | 1993-11-24 |
Family
ID=6374758
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90102862A Expired - Lifetime EP0384280B1 (en) | 1989-02-23 | 1990-02-14 | Heater for mobile units |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5078317A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0384280B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2010851C (en) |
DD (1) | DD292180A5 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3905603A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2046551T3 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19524261A1 (en) * | 1995-07-04 | 1997-01-09 | Eberspaecher J | Control the ignition of an evaporative burner |
DE19507556B4 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 2004-12-30 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Method for starting a burner for a vehicle heater or a particle filter regenerator |
DE102007031264A1 (en) * | 2007-07-05 | 2009-01-08 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Method for operation of fuel operating heating device, particularly vehicle heating device, involves testing actual voltage variable lies in area of reference voltage variable |
EP2116771A1 (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2009-11-11 | Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Start and operation of a burner with optimised air ratio |
EP3054216A1 (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-10 | Spheros GmbH | Control method for the startup function of a heating device which uses fuel |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5360335A (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-11-01 | Honeywell Inc. | Fuel burner control system with selectable standing pilot mode |
US6077068A (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 2000-06-20 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Pulsated combustion apparatus and a method for controlling such a pulsated combustion apparatus |
KR19980030377A (en) * | 1996-10-29 | 1998-07-25 | 배순훈 | Ignition Method of Gas Boiler to Prevent Explosion Ignition |
WO2015067504A1 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-14 | Carparts Kliem Thomas | Method for operating a vehicle temperature control system |
AU2017244041B2 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2022-12-01 | Marine Canada Acquisition Inc. | Vehicle heater and controls therefor |
US10935238B2 (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2021-03-02 | Carrier Corporation | Furnace with premix ultra-low NOx (ULN) burner |
DE102020108198A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2021-09-30 | Vaillant Gmbh | Method and device for improving the ignition behavior of a premix burner |
DE102022123906A1 (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2024-03-21 | Vaillant Gmbh | Method for operating a heater, computer program, control and control device, heater and use of a two-part gas supply |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2786632A (en) * | 1953-11-16 | 1957-03-26 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Control apparatus for forced air furnace |
FR2033983A6 (en) * | 1969-02-18 | 1970-12-04 | Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr | |
FR2250960A1 (en) * | 1973-11-13 | 1975-06-06 | United Gas Industries Ltd | Control system for a fuel burner - has a standby condition with reduced air supply to pilot flame |
EP0030736A2 (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1981-06-24 | SERVO-Instrument in Deutschland Alleinvertrieb der BEAB-Regulatoren GmbH & Co KG | Device for controlling the combustion mixture of a burner |
US4370126A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1983-01-25 | Hitaci, Ltd. | Combustion control apparatus |
FR2512928A1 (en) * | 1981-09-16 | 1983-03-18 | Webasto Werk Baier Kg W | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STARTING AND OPERATING A HEAT BURNER, ESPECIALLY A VEHICLE HEATER |
JPS61126453A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1986-06-13 | Hitachi Ltd | Combustion device of flame light photometer |
JPS61225547A (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-07 | Rinnai Corp | Hot air flow space heater |
US4729207A (en) * | 1986-09-17 | 1988-03-08 | Carrier Corporation | Excess air control with dual pressure switches |
JPH02161210A (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1990-06-21 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Fuel-burning equipment |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3221799A (en) * | 1964-02-27 | 1965-12-07 | Honeywell Inc | Burner control apparatus |
DE2931936C2 (en) * | 1979-08-07 | 1985-10-17 | Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting | Heater operated with flowable fuel |
US4439140A (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1984-03-27 | Honeywell Inc. | Energy saving boiler purge sequence control |
-
1989
- 1989-02-23 DE DE3905603A patent/DE3905603A1/en active Granted
-
1990
- 1990-02-14 ES ES199090102862T patent/ES2046551T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-14 DE DE90102862T patent/DE59003566D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-02-14 EP EP90102862A patent/EP0384280B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-20 DD DD90337986A patent/DD292180A5/en unknown
- 1990-02-22 US US07/483,245 patent/US5078317A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-23 CA CA002010851A patent/CA2010851C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2786632A (en) * | 1953-11-16 | 1957-03-26 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Control apparatus for forced air furnace |
FR2033983A6 (en) * | 1969-02-18 | 1970-12-04 | Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr | |
FR2250960A1 (en) * | 1973-11-13 | 1975-06-06 | United Gas Industries Ltd | Control system for a fuel burner - has a standby condition with reduced air supply to pilot flame |
US4370126A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1983-01-25 | Hitaci, Ltd. | Combustion control apparatus |
EP0030736A2 (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1981-06-24 | SERVO-Instrument in Deutschland Alleinvertrieb der BEAB-Regulatoren GmbH & Co KG | Device for controlling the combustion mixture of a burner |
FR2512928A1 (en) * | 1981-09-16 | 1983-03-18 | Webasto Werk Baier Kg W | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STARTING AND OPERATING A HEAT BURNER, ESPECIALLY A VEHICLE HEATER |
JPS61126453A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1986-06-13 | Hitachi Ltd | Combustion device of flame light photometer |
JPS61225547A (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-07 | Rinnai Corp | Hot air flow space heater |
US4729207A (en) * | 1986-09-17 | 1988-03-08 | Carrier Corporation | Excess air control with dual pressure switches |
JPH02161210A (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1990-06-21 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Fuel-burning equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 416 (M-1021)(4359) 07 September 1990, & JP-A-02 161210 (SANYO ELECTRIC CO LTD) 21 Juni 90, * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Bd. 11, Nr. 67 (M-566)(2514), 28. Februar 1987;& JP-A-61225547 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Bd. 14, Nr. 416 (M-1021)(4359) 07 September 1990;& JP-A-02 161210 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Bd. 1O, Nr. 316 (P-510)(2372), 28. Oktober 1986;& JP-A-61126453 * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19507556B4 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 2004-12-30 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Method for starting a burner for a vehicle heater or a particle filter regenerator |
DE19524261A1 (en) * | 1995-07-04 | 1997-01-09 | Eberspaecher J | Control the ignition of an evaporative burner |
DE19524261B4 (en) * | 1995-07-04 | 2006-08-17 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Process for starting an evaporative burner |
DE102007031264A1 (en) * | 2007-07-05 | 2009-01-08 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Method for operation of fuel operating heating device, particularly vehicle heating device, involves testing actual voltage variable lies in area of reference voltage variable |
DE102007031264B4 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2018-10-18 | Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Method for operating a fuel-operated heater, in particular vehicle heater |
EP2116771A1 (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2009-11-11 | Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Start and operation of a burner with optimised air ratio |
EP3054216A1 (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-10 | Spheros GmbH | Control method for the startup function of a heating device which uses fuel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59003566D1 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
CA2010851C (en) | 1995-01-03 |
DD292180A5 (en) | 1991-07-25 |
CA2010851A1 (en) | 1990-08-23 |
DE3905603A1 (en) | 1990-08-30 |
ES2046551T3 (en) | 1994-02-01 |
DE3905603C2 (en) | 1992-01-02 |
EP0384280B1 (en) | 1993-11-24 |
EP0384280A3 (en) | 1991-07-03 |
US5078317A (en) | 1992-01-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0384280B1 (en) | Heater for mobile units | |
DE3248412A1 (en) | HEATING UNIT FEEDED WITH FLOWABLE FUEL | |
EP0288085B1 (en) | Method and means for fast heating of electric heating device | |
DE8816636U1 (en) | Evaporator burner | |
EP0868115B1 (en) | Circuit for ignition of a HID lamp | |
DE19605216C2 (en) | Method for operating a vehicle auxiliary heater and glow device | |
DE10025953C2 (en) | Method for driving a glow plug to ignite a vehicle heater | |
DE1551954B2 (en) | CONTROL DEVICE FOR A COMBUSTION SYSTEM | |
DE4309833C2 (en) | Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine or furnace | |
DE4142841C2 (en) | Method for starting the combustion of a fuel-air mixture in a combustion chamber and device for carrying out this method | |
DE3008757A1 (en) | LIQUID FUEL ROOM HEATING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR TEMPERATURE CONTROL THEREOF | |
DE3110502C2 (en) | Flow heater for preheating viscous fuel for a heating device | |
DE10312111A1 (en) | Method of igniting an oil burner and igniter for an oil burner assembly | |
EP1039226A2 (en) | Igniter unit without a pilot flame | |
DE19940802A1 (en) | Facility for heating a catalytic converter electrically gets electric power through a DC/DC transformer with timed energy output from a control device matching a preset heating constant characteristic | |
DE19605326C1 (en) | Operation of combustion-type accessory-type motor vehicle heater | |
DE4309934C2 (en) | Procedure for initiating a benning process | |
AT405326B (en) | METHOD FOR THE TIMED OPERATION OF A HEATING DEVICE | |
EP0305736B1 (en) | Control device for the glow plugs of a self-igniting combustion engine | |
EP0732544A2 (en) | Spark and flame monitoring system for burners | |
DE3532430C2 (en) | ||
EP0718562A2 (en) | Cooker with a glass ceramic cooking surface | |
DE1278267C2 (en) | ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT OF A HEATING SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES | |
EP1008807B1 (en) | Control device for oil burner | |
DE4118864A1 (en) | Burning gaseous or liquid fuel in blue type burner - operating ignition device whilst airflow delivery fan is operating, then briefly deactivating fan motor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19911209 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19920519 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19931129 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59003566 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19940105 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2046551 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
EAL | Se: european patent in force in sweden |
Ref document number: 90102862.1 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19951222 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19960118 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19960205 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 19960209 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19970214 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19970215 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19970215 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19970214 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19971030 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 90102862.1 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 19990503 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20030228 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040901 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050214 |