EP0383020A2 - Plastic bag - Google Patents

Plastic bag Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0383020A2
EP0383020A2 EP90100656A EP90100656A EP0383020A2 EP 0383020 A2 EP0383020 A2 EP 0383020A2 EP 90100656 A EP90100656 A EP 90100656A EP 90100656 A EP90100656 A EP 90100656A EP 0383020 A2 EP0383020 A2 EP 0383020A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
bag according
beads
foil bag
side walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90100656A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0383020B2 (en
EP0383020A3 (en
EP0383020B1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Dr. Wild
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INDAG Gesellschaft fuer Industriebedarf mbH and Co Betriebs KG
Original Assignee
INDAG Gesellschaft fuer Industriebedarf mbH and Co Betriebs KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
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Application filed by INDAG Gesellschaft fuer Industriebedarf mbH and Co Betriebs KG filed Critical INDAG Gesellschaft fuer Industriebedarf mbH and Co Betriebs KG
Priority to AT90100656T priority Critical patent/ATE87874T1/en
Publication of EP0383020A2 publication Critical patent/EP0383020A2/en
Publication of EP0383020A3 publication Critical patent/EP0383020A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0383020B1 publication Critical patent/EP0383020B1/en
Publication of EP0383020B2 publication Critical patent/EP0383020B2/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/52—Details
    • B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/007—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags for facilitating the separation of the two walls, e.g. walls of inequal height, tabs; for maintaining the mouth of the sack or bag open
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S383/00—Flexible bags
    • Y10S383/904—Filling tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a film bag made of a heat-sealable or weldable plastic film for receiving liquid and / or pasty media with two side walls forming surface parts which are sealed to one another at their longitudinal edges and at the lower transverse edge and which form a removal opening at the upper end .
  • Such bags made of plastic films are known in particular as disposable packaging for beverages. Usually, these are tapered packagings with a filling volume of 0.2 l.
  • the films used for such beverage packs have a thin aluminum film layer which, among other things, stabilizes the packaging.
  • Such foil bags are usually designed as stand-up bags.
  • a base is incorporated into the underside so that the bag can be placed on a base even after it has been opened without the contents of the bag running out of the removal opening or the bag tipping over.
  • the removal opening can be predetermined by a predetermined puncture opening through which a straw tapering at its end can be pierced.
  • liquid or pasty media for example liquid detergents
  • plastic bags are mainly used as refill packs.
  • a fundamental advantage of the film bags can be seen in the fact that they can be folded up very flat in the unfilled state and thus take up little space.
  • Such foil bags are filled automatically with liquid or pasty media.
  • the film bag is placed with its removal opening upwards and into the removal opening Filler neck introduced. After the foil bag is filled, the removal opening is welded or sealed.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a film bag whose removal opening or pouring spout can be easily opened for filling and which is particularly suitable for automatic filling.
  • the beads which face each other in the area of the removal opening in the side walls, form an opening which is also present in the folded-up film bag.
  • This opening has the great advantage that air can penetrate into the interior of the container from the moment in which the opening process is initiated, for example, by suction devices positioned laterally in the region of the removal opening in that the suction devices try to pull the two side walls apart. Because it is then possible for the lift to penetrate through the bead when it is pulled apart, the suction devices can easily open the removal opening because the side walls in the area of the removal opening then no longer tend to stick. It is also conceivable to introduce a filler neck in the area of the removal opening, which filler neck may be correspondingly thin or tapered at its end.
  • One bead in each of the opposite side walls has the advantage that a small depth of the beads is sufficient to obtain a sufficiently large opening through the two beads. Such an opening could also be achieved if a bead were only formed in one side wall, but this bead would have to run correspondingly lower, which can lead to problems when welding the removal opening. If necessary, the extension of the film bag, which forms the removal opening, can be made correspondingly longer, the beads being introduced into the extended part. Such a film bag can then be welded below the beads so that the extended area containing the beads can then be cut off.
  • the beads should run parallel to the sealed longitudinal edges of the side walls, so that a filler neck can enter vertically into the opening formed by the beads when the foil bag is standing vertically.
  • a length of the beads from 10 mm to 50 mm has proven to be sufficient, the length preferably being in the range from 10 mm to 30 mm.
  • Each of the beads should have the shape of a groove, the width of the respective bead should preferably be 5 mm to 10 mm, at least in the case of only one groove in each side wall.
  • each side wall should be congruent, but in mirror image three beads, the gap or opening then formed between the side walls in the area of the opposite beads having the shape of a diamond. All the beads should run essentially parallel to one another, a width of about 0.5 mm to 1 mm being sufficient for each bead. In such a configuration of the removal opening, the middle bead extends with its opening to the inner, ie to the opposite side wall, while the two beads running to the left and right of this middle bead form a groove on the outside of the film bag. If several individual beads are made, they should be at a distance of at most 5 mm to 10 mm to each other.
  • the beads have a shape in the longitudinal direction, i.e. in the direction of the longitudinal seams, such that they together form a funnel, i.e. these beads widen towards the end of the film bag or taper to the lower area of the film bag, a length of the beads between 10 mm and 50 mm being sufficient here as well.
  • the film bag can be designed as a stand-up pouch, for which purpose a foldable base part inserted between the side walls is inserted between the lower transverse edges of the side walls.
  • a stand-up pouch has the advantage that it stabilizes with increasing filling and stands up on the stand base without any auxiliary measures.
  • the beads can be inserted into the film blanks with a heated stamp before the side walls are welded or sealed.
  • the film bag is preferably produced from a two-layer, heat-sealable composite film.
  • a polyethylene film facing the interior and a polyester film forming the outer skin Excellent properties are achieved by a polyethylene film facing the interior and a polyester film forming the outer skin.
  • a polyethylene film in the form of a coextrusion film - this is a multi-layer film - offers the advantage that the film that forms the inner wall of the bag can be adapted according to the use of the stand-up pouch and the given requirements.
  • the side of the film to be sealed can be designed to be particularly seal-friendly and embossed;
  • a higher stiffness can be achieved with such a coextrusion film by changing the composition.
  • the thickness of the outwardly directed polyester film is at least 10 ⁇ m, preferably 12 ⁇ m, while the inward facing polyethylene film or coextrusion film should have a thickness of 80 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably a thickness of 100 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the bag assumes an almost cylindrical shape when filled.
  • the two side walls are rectangular and sealed together on the long sides.
  • the bottom part has an approximately circular cut and is sealed on the side walls on the folded foil bag along a semicircular sealing seam.
  • the side walls of the cylindrical, filled foil bag taper conically, so that the filled stand-up pouch forms a truncated cone with a removal opening.
  • such a foil pouch can also be formed by using only one blank and the one longitudinal edge being created by a folded edge of this blank.
  • the film bag has two side walls 1, which are heat-sealed on their longitudinal edges 2 that run vertically, so that a sealing or welding seam 3 is created in each case.
  • a lower base part 5 serving as a stand base is used, which is circular or elliptical in shape, as can be seen in FIG. 1 on the base sealing seam 6.
  • the bottom part 5 and the side walls 1 are welded or sealed over the entire area between the lower transverse edge 4 and the bottom sealing seam 6, so that a reinforced bag wall is obtained in this lower area by this double plastic film.
  • the film bag In the cut of its side walls, the film bag has an approximately rectangular cut, which results in a cylindrical jacket when the film bag is filled.
  • a removal nozzle 7 with a removal opening 8 is formed, one longitudinal edge 2 running in the cut to the other longitudinal edge 2.
  • the bottom part 5 hangs down, at least in its central region, so that this bottom part 5 comes to rest on the base and a high stability of the film bag is obtained.
  • All blanks from which the film bag is formed consist of a two-layer plastic film, as shown in section in FIG.
  • the outwardly directed film 9, which forms the outer skin, is a polyester film with a thickness of 12 ⁇ m
  • the film 10, which faces the inner space of the film bag and forms the inner skin is a polyethylene made as a coextrusion film Film acts.
  • Such a coextrusion film is built up in several layers and, depending on the requirement, the layer structure of the extrusion can be varied and adjusted according to the specific requirements.
  • the film 10 has a thickness of 150 microns, the film thicknesses given for a bag with a filling content of about 1 to 1.5 liters, maximum of 2 liters.
  • a bead 11 in the form of a groove with an embossing stamp is embossed in each of the two side walls 1, the groove bottom, as shown in FIG. 2, extending outward.
  • These beads 11 or grooves 12 of the rear or front side wall 1 are congruent, but opposite each other, so that an opening 13 is formed between these beads.
  • a filler neck can be easily inserted into this opening 13 during filling or during automatic filling, so that as the filler neck is pushed further into this opening 13, the entire removal port 7 or the removal opening 8 between the sealing or weld seams 3 opens.
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a channel 12 corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2, which, however, tapers in a V-shape towards its downward end.
  • a V-shaped channel 12 or bead 11 has the advantage that it merges into the plane of the side wall 1 in the folded state of the film bag.
  • the channels 12 or beads 11, as shown in the figures, can be in each Area to be sealed or welded together with the entire removal opening 8 in order to close the film bag after filling.
  • the removal nozzle 7 can, however, also be designed in such a length that, after the film bag has been filled, the area which projects beyond the weld seam and contains the beads or channels is separated.
  • the width of the channels 12 in FIGS. 1 and 6 is approximately 10 mm, while the depth of each of the channels or beads 11 is approximately 2 mm beyond the level of the side wall.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show a channel 12 in each side wall 1, which are formed by three individual beads 14 each. Of these individual beads 14, the central bead 14 is directed outwards with its channel bottom, while the two outer beads 14 run inwardly with their channel bottom.
  • the beads of the two side walls are congruent, but opposite each other, so that an opening 13 between these beads is created according to a diamond, as shown in Figure 5. All beads 11, 14, as shown in the figures, have a length of 30 mm.
  • the beads 14 according to FIGS. 4 and 5, which are only indicated by the lines, are designed with a width of 0.5 mm at a distance of 10 mm from each other.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

A bag made of a plastic film which can be heat-sealed or heat-welded, for containing media in liquid and/or paste form comprises two flat parts which form side walls that are sealed together along their longitudinal edges and along their lower transverse edge and form a withdrawal orifice at their upper end. To facilitate opening of the bag, at least one bead which extends from the inside to the outside is provided in the region of the withdrawal orifice in two facing parts of the side walls. The beads on both side walls coincide and end at the edge of the withdrawal orifice.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Folienbeutel aus einer heißsiegel­fähigen oder -schweißbaren Kunststoff-Folie zur Aufnahme von flüs­sigen und/oder pastösen Medien mit zwei Seitenwände bildenden Flächenteilen, die an ihren Längskanten und an der unteren Querkante miteinander versiegelt sind, und die am oberen Ende eine Entnahme­öffnung bilden.The invention relates to a film bag made of a heat-sealable or weldable plastic film for receiving liquid and / or pasty media with two side walls forming surface parts which are sealed to one another at their longitudinal edges and at the lower transverse edge and which form a removal opening at the upper end .

Solche Beutel aus Kunststoff-Folien sind insbesondere als Einweg-Verpackungen für Getränke bekannt. Üblicherweise handelt es sich hierbei um spitz zulaufende Verpackungen mit einem Abfüll­volumen von 0,2 1. Die verwendeten Folien solcher Getränke­verpackungen weisen eine dünne Aluminium-Folienschicht auf, die die Verpackung unter anderem stabilisiert. Üblicherweise sind solche Folienbeutel als Standbeutel ausgebildet. In die Unterseite ist hierbei ein Standboden eingearbeitet, so daß der Beutel auch nach seinem Öffnen auf eine Unterlage aufgestellt werden kann, ohne daß der Beutelinhalt aus der Entnahmeöffnung herausfläuft oder der Beutel umkippt. Die Entnahmeöffnung kann beispielsweise bei solchen Getränkeverpackungen durch eine Soll-Durchstichöffnung vorgegeben werden, durch die ein an seinem Ende spitz zulaufender Strohhalm hindurchgestochen werden kann.Such bags made of plastic films are known in particular as disposable packaging for beverages. Usually, these are tapered packagings with a filling volume of 0.2 l. The films used for such beverage packs have a thin aluminum film layer which, among other things, stabilizes the packaging. Such foil bags are usually designed as stand-up bags. A base is incorporated into the underside so that the bag can be placed on a base even after it has been opened without the contents of the bag running out of the removal opening or the bag tipping over. In the case of such beverage packs, for example, the removal opening can be predetermined by a predetermined puncture opening through which a straw tapering at its end can be pierced.

Neben Getränken werden in Folienbeuteln flüssige oder pastöse Medien, beispielsweise flüssige Waschmittel, eingefüllt. Vornehmlich werden solche Folien-Beutel als Nachfüllpackungen eingesetzt.In addition to beverages, liquid or pasty media, for example liquid detergents, are filled into plastic bags. Such foil bags are mainly used as refill packs.

Ein grundsätzlicher Vorteil der Folienbeutel kann darin gesehen werden, daß sie im ungefüllten Zustand sehr flach zusammengefaltet werden können und so nur wenig Platz beanspruchen.A fundamental advantage of the film bags can be seen in the fact that they can be folded up very flat in the unfilled state and thus take up little space.

Die Befüllung solcher Folienbeutel mit flüssigen oder pastösen Medien erfolgt automatisch. Hierbei wird der Folienbeutel mit seiner Entnahmeöffnung nach oben aufgestellt und in die Entnahmeöffnung ein Einfüllstutzen eingeführt. Nachdem der Folienbeutel gefüllt ist, wird die Entnahmeöffnung verschweißt oder versiegelt. Beim voll­automatischen Befüllen der Folienbeutel wurde mit hoher Geschwindig­keit hat es sich als problematisch herausgestellt, die Entnahme­öffnung oder Ausgieß-Tülle derart zu öffnen, daß der Einfüllstutzen einführbar ist, da die Folienwände oftmals zum Verkleben neigen.Such foil bags are filled automatically with liquid or pasty media. Here, the film bag is placed with its removal opening upwards and into the removal opening Filler neck introduced. After the foil bag is filled, the removal opening is welded or sealed. In the case of fully automatic filling of the film bags at high speed, it has proven to be problematic to open the removal opening or pouring spout in such a way that the filler neck can be inserted, since the film walls often tend to stick.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Folienbeutel anzugeben, dessen Entnahmeöffnung oder Ausgieß-Tülle zur Befüllung leicht öffenbar ist und der sich insbesondere zur automatischen Befüllung eignet.The object of the invention is to provide a film bag whose removal opening or pouring spout can be easily opened for filling and which is particularly suitable for automatic filling.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß im Bereich der Entnahmeöffnung in zwei gegenüberliegende Teile der Seitenwände jeweils mindestens eine von den Innenseiten nach außen gerichtete Sicke verläuft, wobei die Sickender beiden Seitenwände deckungs­gleich gegenüberliegen und am Rand der Entnahmeöffnung enden.This object is achieved according to the invention in that in the region of the removal opening in two opposite parts of the side walls at least one bead extends from the inside to the outside, the beads of the two side walls being congruent and ending at the edge of the removal opening.

Durch die Sicken, die sich in den Seitenwänden im Bereich der Ent­nahmeöffnung nach außen gerichtet entgegenliegen, wird eine Öffnung gebildet, die auch bei dem zusammengefalteten Folienbeutel vorhanden ist. Diese öffnung bietet den großen Vorteil, daß Luft in das Behälterinnere eindringen kann von dem Moment an, in dem beispielsweise durch seitlich im Bereich der Entnahmeöffnung angestellte Sauger der öffnungsvorgang dadurch eingeleitet wird, daß die Sauger die beiden Seitenwände versuchen auseinanderzuziehen. Dadurch, daß es dann möglich ist, daß Lift durch die Sicke beim Auseinanderziehen eindringt, können die Sauger ohne weiteres die Entnahmeöffnung öffnen, weil die Seitenwänd im Bereich der Entnahmeöffnung dann nicht mehr zum Verkleben neigen. Auch ist es denkbar, im Bereich der Entnahmeöffnung einen Einfüllstutzen, der ggf. entsprechend dünn oder an seinem Ende spitz zulaufend ausgebildet ist, einzuführen.The beads, which face each other in the area of the removal opening in the side walls, form an opening which is also present in the folded-up film bag. This opening has the great advantage that air can penetrate into the interior of the container from the moment in which the opening process is initiated, for example, by suction devices positioned laterally in the region of the removal opening in that the suction devices try to pull the two side walls apart. Because it is then possible for the lift to penetrate through the bead when it is pulled apart, the suction devices can easily open the removal opening because the side walls in the area of the removal opening then no longer tend to stick. It is also conceivable to introduce a filler neck in the area of the removal opening, which filler neck may be correspondingly thin or tapered at its end.

Jeweils eine Sicke in den gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden hat den Vorteil, daß bereits eine geringe Tiefe der Sicken ausreicht, um durch die zwei Sicken eine ausreichend große Öffnung zu erhalten. Eine solche Öffnung könnte auch erreicht werden, falls nur in einer Seitenwand eine Sicke ausgebildet wäre, jedoch müßte diese Sicke entsprechend tiefer verlaufen, was zu Problemen beim Verschweißen der Entnahmeöffnung führen kann. Falls erforderlich, kann der Fortsatz der Folien­beutels, der die Entnahmeöffnung bildet, entsprechend länger aus­gebildet werden, wobei in dem verlängerten Teil die Sicken einge­bracht sind. Ein solcher Folienbeutel kann anschließend unterhalb der Sicken verschweißt werden, so daß der verlängerte, die Sicken enthaltende Bereich dann abgeschnitten werden kann.One bead in each of the opposite side walls has the advantage that a small depth of the beads is sufficient to obtain a sufficiently large opening through the two beads. Such an opening could also be achieved if a bead were only formed in one side wall, but this bead would have to run correspondingly lower, which can lead to problems when welding the removal opening. If necessary, the extension of the film bag, which forms the removal opening, can be made correspondingly longer, the beads being introduced into the extended part. Such a film bag can then be welded below the beads so that the extended area containing the beads can then be cut off.

Die Sicken sollten parallel zu den versiegelten Längskanten der Seitenwände verlaufen, so daß bei senkrecht stehendem Folienbeutel ein Einfüllstutzen senkrecht in die durch die Sicken gebildete Öffnung eintreten kann. Eine Länge der sicken von 10 mm bis 50 mm hat sich als ausreichend erwiesen, wobei bevorzugt die Länge im Bereich von 10 mm bis 30 mm liegt. Jede der Sicken sollte die Form einer Rinne aufweisen, wobei die Breite der jeweiligen Sicke 5 mm bis 10 mm bevorzugt betragen sollte, zumindest für den Fall nur einer Rinne in jeder Seitenwand.The beads should run parallel to the sealed longitudinal edges of the side walls, so that a filler neck can enter vertically into the opening formed by the beads when the foil bag is standing vertically. A length of the beads from 10 mm to 50 mm has proven to be sufficient, the length preferably being in the range from 10 mm to 30 mm. Each of the beads should have the shape of a groove, the width of the respective bead should preferably be 5 mm to 10 mm, at least in the case of only one groove in each side wall.

In einer vorteilhaften alternativen Ausführungsform sollte jede Sei­tenwand deckungsgleich, jedoch spiegelbildlich drei Sicken auf­weisen, wobei der dann zwischen den Seitenwänden im Bereich der gegenüberliegenden Sicken gebildete Zwischenraum oder Öffnung die Form einer Rhombe aufweist. Alle Sicken sollten hierbei im wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufen, wobei eine Breite jeder Sicke von etwa 0,5 mm bis 1 mm ausreichend ist. In einer solchen Ausgestaltung der Entnahmeöffnung verläuft die mittlere Sicke mit ihrer Öffnung zum inneren, d.h. zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenwand hin, während die beiden links und rechts dieser mittleren Sicke verlaufenden Sicken eine Rinne an der Außenseite des Folienbeutels bilden. Falls mehrere einzelne Sicken ausgeführt sind, sollten diese einen Abstand von höchstens 5 mm bis 10 mm zueinander haben.In an advantageous alternative embodiment, each side wall should be congruent, but in mirror image three beads, the gap or opening then formed between the side walls in the area of the opposite beads having the shape of a diamond. All the beads should run essentially parallel to one another, a width of about 0.5 mm to 1 mm being sufficient for each bead. In such a configuration of the removal opening, the middle bead extends with its opening to the inner, ie to the opposite side wall, while the two beads running to the left and right of this middle bead form a groove on the outside of the film bag. If several individual beads are made, they should be at a distance of at most 5 mm to 10 mm to each other.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weisen die Sicken eine Form in Längsrichtung, d.h. in Richtung der Längsnähte, derart auf, daß sie zusammen einen Trichter bilden, d.h. diese Sicken erweitern sich zum Ende des Folienbeutels hin bzw. laufen spitz zum unteren Bereich des Folienbeutels hin aus, wobei auch hier eine Länge der Sicken zwischen 10 mm bis 50 mm ausreichend ist.In a further advantageous embodiment, the beads have a shape in the longitudinal direction, i.e. in the direction of the longitudinal seams, such that they together form a funnel, i.e. these beads widen towards the end of the film bag or taper to the lower area of the film bag, a length of the beads between 10 mm and 50 mm being sufficient here as well.

Um eine erhöhte Stabilität eines solchen Folienbeutels zu erreichen, kann der Folienbeutel als Standbeutel ausgebildet werden, wozu zwischen den unteren Querkanten der Seitenwände ein faltbares, sich zwischen die Seitenwände einlegendes Bodenteil eingefügt wird. Ein solcher Standbeutel hat den Vorteil, daß er sich mit zunehmender Füllung stabilisiert und ohne Hilfsmaßnahmen auf dem Standboden aufsteht. Die Sicken können mit einem erhitzten Prägestempel in die Folienzuschnitte eingebracht werden, bevor die Seitenwände miteinander verschweißt oder versiegelt werden. Bevorzugt wird der Folienbeutel aus einer zweischichtigen, heißsiegelfähigen Verbund-Folie gefertigt.In order to achieve increased stability of such a film bag, the film bag can be designed as a stand-up pouch, for which purpose a foldable base part inserted between the side walls is inserted between the lower transverse edges of the side walls. Such a stand-up pouch has the advantage that it stabilizes with increasing filling and stands up on the stand base without any auxiliary measures. The beads can be inserted into the film blanks with a heated stamp before the side walls are welded or sealed. The film bag is preferably produced from a two-layer, heat-sealable composite film.

Ausgezeichnete Eigenschaften werden durch eine zum Innenraum gerich­tete Folie aus Polyethylen und einer die Außenhaut bildenden Polyester-Folie erreicht. Die Verwendung einer Polyethylen-Folie in Form einer Coextrusions-Folie - hierbei handelt es sich um eine mehrschichtige Folie - bietet den Vorteil, daß die Folie, die die Innenwand des Beutels bildet, entsprechend der Verwendung des Stand­beutels und den gegebenen Anforderungen angepaßt werden kann. So kann beispielsweise die zu siegelnde Seite der Folie besonders siegel- und präge-freundlich ausgestaltet werden; ferner läßt sich mit einer solchen Coextrusions-Folie unter Änderung der Zusammen­setzung eine höhere Steifigkeit erzielen. Die Dicke der nach außen gerichteten Polyester-Folie beträgt mindestens 10 µm, bevorzugt 12 µm, während die nach innen gerichtete Polyethlen-Folie oder Coextrusions-Folie eine Dicke von 80 µm bis 200 µm, bevorzugt eine Dicke von 100 bis 150 µm, haben sollte.Excellent properties are achieved by a polyethylene film facing the interior and a polyester film forming the outer skin. The use of a polyethylene film in the form of a coextrusion film - this is a multi-layer film - offers the advantage that the film that forms the inner wall of the bag can be adapted according to the use of the stand-up pouch and the given requirements. For example, the side of the film to be sealed can be designed to be particularly seal-friendly and embossed; Furthermore, a higher stiffness can be achieved with such a coextrusion film by changing the composition. The thickness of the outwardly directed polyester film is at least 10 μm, preferably 12 µm, while the inward facing polyethylene film or coextrusion film should have a thickness of 80 µm to 200 µm, preferably a thickness of 100 to 150 µm.

Damit eine möglichst große Standfestigkeit des Beutels erhalten wird, ist es vorteilhaft, daß der Beutel im gefüllten Zustand eine nahezu zylinderförmige Form annimmt. Um dies zu erreichen, werden die beiden Seitenwände rechteckig ausgeführt und an den Längsseiten miteinander versiegelt. Das Bodenteil hat hierbei einen annähernd kreisförmigen Zuschnitt und ist an den Seitenwänden am zusammenge­falteten Folienbeutel entlang einer halbkreisförmigen Siegelnaht angesiegelt. Am oberen Ende laufen die Seitenwände des Zylind­rischen, gefüllten Folienbeutels konisch zu, so daß der gefüllte Standbeutel einen Kegelstumpf mit einer Entnahmeöffnung bildet.So that the greatest possible stability of the bag is obtained, it is advantageous that the bag assumes an almost cylindrical shape when filled. To achieve this, the two side walls are rectangular and sealed together on the long sides. The bottom part has an approximately circular cut and is sealed on the side walls on the folded foil bag along a semicircular sealing seam. At the upper end, the side walls of the cylindrical, filled foil bag taper conically, so that the filled stand-up pouch forms a truncated cone with a removal opening.

Alternativ zu einem Aufbau des Folienbeutels aus zwei Zuschnitten, die an den zwei Längskanten verschweißt oder versiegelt sind, kann ein solcher Folienbeutel auch dadurch gebildet werden, indem nur ein Zuschnitt verwendet wird und die eine Längskante durch eine Falt­kante dieses Zuschnittes entsteht.As an alternative to constructing the foil pouch from two blanks that are welded or sealed on the two longitudinal edges, such a foil pouch can also be formed by using only one blank and the one longitudinal edge being created by a folded edge of this blank.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt

  • Figur 1 einen Folienbeutel in einer Seitenansicht bzw. einer Draufsicht auf den ungefüllten, zusammengefalteten Folien­beutel,
  • Figur 2 eine Ansicht auf den Folienbeutel nach Figur 1 in Richtung des Pfeiles I in Figur 1,
  • Figur 3 einen Schnitt durch die Kunststoff-Folie, aus der der Folienbeutel gefertigt ist,
  • Figur 4 eine vergrößerte Darstellung einer gegenüber Figur 1 ab­gewandelten Ausführungsform der Entnahmeöffnung bzw. des Entnahmestutzens,
  • Figur 5 eine Ansicht auf die Entnahmeöffnung der Figur 4 in Rich­tung des Pfeiles IV in Figur 4 un
  • Figur 6 eine weitere, gegenüber der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 abgewandelte Entnahmeöffnung.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. In the drawing shows
  • FIG. 1 shows a film bag in a side view or a plan view of the unfilled, folded film bag,
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of the film bag according to FIG. 1 in the direction of arrow I in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through the plastic film from which the film bag is made,
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged illustration of an embodiment of the removal opening or of the removal nozzle modified compared to FIG. 1,
  • Figure 5 is a view of the removal opening of Figure 4 in the direction of arrow IV in Figure 4 un
  • 6 shows a further removal opening which is modified compared to the embodiment according to FIG.

Wie insbesondere die Figur 1 in Verbindung mit Figur 2 zeigt, weist der Folienbeutel zwei Seitenwände 1 auf, die an ihren senkrencht ver­laufenden Längskanten 2 heiß versiegelt sind, so daß jeweils eine Siegel- oder Schweißnaht 3 entsteht. Entlang der unteren Quer­kanten 4 ist ein als Standboden dienendes unteres Bodenteil 5 einge­setzt, das im Zuschnitt kreis- oder ellipsenförmig ist, wie gut in Figur 1 an der Boden-Siegelnaht 6 zu erkennen ist. Das Bodenteil 5 und die Seitenwände 1 sind über den gesamten Bereich zwischen der unteren Querkante 4 und der Boden-Siegelnaht 6 flächig verschweißt oder versiegelt, so daß durch diese doppelte Kunststoff-Folie in diesem unteren Bereich eine verstärkte Beutelwand erhalten wird. Der Folienbeutel weist im Zuschnitt seiner Seitenwände einen annähernd rechteckigen Schnitt auf, wodurch sich im gefüllten Zustand des Folienbeutels ein zylindrischer Mantel ergibt. Im oberen Bereich des Folienbeutels ist ein Entnahmestutzen 7 mit einer Entnahmeöffnung 8 gebildet, wobei im Zuschnitt die eine Längskante 2 zu der anderen Längskante 2 hin verläuft.As shown in particular in FIG. 1 in connection with FIG. 2, the film bag has two side walls 1, which are heat-sealed on their longitudinal edges 2 that run vertically, so that a sealing or welding seam 3 is created in each case. Along the lower transverse edges 4, a lower base part 5 serving as a stand base is used, which is circular or elliptical in shape, as can be seen in FIG. 1 on the base sealing seam 6. The bottom part 5 and the side walls 1 are welded or sealed over the entire area between the lower transverse edge 4 and the bottom sealing seam 6, so that a reinforced bag wall is obtained in this lower area by this double plastic film. In the cut of its side walls, the film bag has an approximately rectangular cut, which results in a cylindrical jacket when the film bag is filled. In the upper region of the film bag, a removal nozzle 7 with a removal opening 8 is formed, one longitudinal edge 2 running in the cut to the other longitudinal edge 2.

Ohne daß dies in den Zeichnungen näher dargestellt ist, hängt im gefüllten Zustand des Folienbeutels das Bodenteil 5, zumindest in seinem mittleren Bereich, nach unten durch, so daß diese Boden­teil 5 zur Auflage auf der Standfläche gelangt und eine hohe Stand­festigkeit des Folienbeutels erhalten wird.Without this being shown in more detail in the drawings, in the filled state of the film bag, the bottom part 5 hangs down, at least in its central region, so that this bottom part 5 comes to rest on the base and a high stability of the film bag is obtained.

Alle Zuschnitte, aus denen der Folienbeutel gebildet ist, bestehen aus einer zweischichtigen Kunststoff-Folie, wie sie in Figur 3 im Schnitt gezeigt ist. Die nach außen gerichtete Folie 9, die die Außenhaut bildet, ist eine Polyester-Folie mit einer Dicke von 12 µm, während es sich bei der nach innen zum Innenraum des Folienbeutels zeigende, die Innenhaut bildende Folie 10 um eine als Coextrusions-Folie gefertigte Polyethylen-Folie handelt. Eine solche Coextrusions-Folie ist in mehreren Schichten aufgebaut und kann, entsprechend den Anforderung, in ihrem Schichtaufbau bei der Extrusion variiert und den spezifischen Anforderungen entsprechend eingestellt werden. Die Folie 10 besitzt eine Dicke von 150 µm, wobei die angegebenen Foliendicken für einen Beutel mit einem Füll­inhalt von etwa 1 bis 1,5 Liter, maximal von 2 Litern, gelten.All blanks from which the film bag is formed consist of a two-layer plastic film, as shown in section in FIG. The outwardly directed film 9, which forms the outer skin, is a polyester film with a thickness of 12 μm, while the film 10, which faces the inner space of the film bag and forms the inner skin, is a polyethylene made as a coextrusion film Film acts. Such a coextrusion film is built up in several layers and, depending on the requirement, the layer structure of the extrusion can be varied and adjusted according to the specific requirements. The film 10 has a thickness of 150 microns, the film thicknesses given for a bag with a filling content of about 1 to 1.5 liters, maximum of 2 liters.

Im Bereich des Entnahmestutzens 7 sind, wie Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen, in den beiden Seitenwänden 1 jeweils eine Sicke 11 in Form einer Rinne mit einem Prägestempel eingeprägt, wobei der Rinnenboden, wie die Figur 2 zeigt, nach außen gerichtet verläuft. Diese Sicken 11 oder Rinnen 12 der hinteren bzw. vorderen Seitenwand 1 liegen deckungsgleich, jedoch spiegelbildlich gegenüber, so daß zwischen diesen Sicken eine Öffnung 13 gebildet ist. In diese Öffnung 13 kann beim Befüllen bzw. beim automatischen Befüllen, ein Einfüllstutzen problemlos eingeschoben werden, so daß sich mit dem weiteren Hin­einschieben des Einfüllstutztens in diese Öffnung 13 der gesamte Entnahmestutzen 7 bzw. die Entnahmeöffnung 8 zwischen den Siegel- oder Schweißnähten 3 öffnet.In the area of the removal nozzle 7, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a bead 11 in the form of a groove with an embossing stamp is embossed in each of the two side walls 1, the groove bottom, as shown in FIG. 2, extending outward. These beads 11 or grooves 12 of the rear or front side wall 1 are congruent, but opposite each other, so that an opening 13 is formed between these beads. A filler neck can be easily inserted into this opening 13 during filling or during automatic filling, so that as the filler neck is pushed further into this opening 13, the entire removal port 7 or the removal opening 8 between the sealing or weld seams 3 opens.

Figur 6 zeigt eine den Figuren 1 und 2 entsprechende Ausführungsform einer Rinne 12, die allerdings zu ihrem nach unten gerichteten Ende V-förmig zuläuft. Eine solche V-förmige Rinne 12 bzw. Sicke 11 hat den Vorteil, daß sie in die Ebene der Seitenwand 1 im zusammen­gefalteten Zustand des Folienbeutels übergeht. Die Rinnen 12 oder Sicken 11, wie sie in den Figuren gezeigt sind, können in jedem Bereich zusammen mit der gesamten Entnahmeöffnung 8 versiegelt oder verschweißt werden, um den Folienbeutel nach Befüllen zu schließen. Der Entnahmestutzen 7 kann allerdings auch derart in seiner Länge ausgeführt werden, daß nach Befüllen des Folienbeutels der über die Schweißnaht überstehende, die Sicken oder Rinnen enthaltende Bereich abgetrennt wird. Die Breite der Rinnen 12 in den Figuren 1 und 6 beträgt etwa 10 mm, während die Tiefe jeder der Rinnen oder Sicken 11 über die Ebene der Seitenwand hinaus etwa 2 mm beträgt.FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a channel 12 corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2, which, however, tapers in a V-shape towards its downward end. Such a V-shaped channel 12 or bead 11 has the advantage that it merges into the plane of the side wall 1 in the folded state of the film bag. The channels 12 or beads 11, as shown in the figures, can be in each Area to be sealed or welded together with the entire removal opening 8 in order to close the film bag after filling. The removal nozzle 7 can, however, also be designed in such a length that, after the film bag has been filled, the area which projects beyond the weld seam and contains the beads or channels is separated. The width of the channels 12 in FIGS. 1 and 6 is approximately 10 mm, while the depth of each of the channels or beads 11 is approximately 2 mm beyond the level of the side wall.

Die Figuren 4 und 5 zeigen eine Rinne 12 in jeder Seitenwand 1,die durch drei einzelne Sicken 14 jeweils gebildet sind. Von diesen einzelnen Sicken 14 ist die mittlere Sicke 14 mit ihrem Rinnenboden nach außen gerichtet, während die beiden äußeren Sicken 14 mit ihrem Rinnenboden nach innen gerichtet verlaufen. Die Sicken der beiden Seitenwände liegen deckungsgleich, jedoch spiegelbildlich gegenüber, so daß eine Öffnung 13 zwischen diesen Sicken entsprechend einer Rhombe, wie Figur 5 zeigt, entsteht. Alle Sicken 11, 14, wie sie in den Figuren gezeigt sind, besitzen eine Länge von 30 mm. Die Sicken 14 nach den Figuren 4 und 5, die nur die Linien angedeutet sind, sind in einer Breite von 0,5 mm ausgeführt in einem Abstand zueinander von jeweils 10 mm.Figures 4 and 5 show a channel 12 in each side wall 1, which are formed by three individual beads 14 each. Of these individual beads 14, the central bead 14 is directed outwards with its channel bottom, while the two outer beads 14 run inwardly with their channel bottom. The beads of the two side walls are congruent, but opposite each other, so that an opening 13 between these beads is created according to a diamond, as shown in Figure 5. All beads 11, 14, as shown in the figures, have a length of 30 mm. The beads 14 according to FIGS. 4 and 5, which are only indicated by the lines, are designed with a width of 0.5 mm at a distance of 10 mm from each other.

Claims (19)

1. Folienbeutel aus einer heißsiegelfähigen oder -schweißbaren Kunststoff-Folie zur Aufnahme von flüssigen und/oder pastösen Medien mit zwei Seitenwände bildenden Flächenteilen, die an ihren Längskanten und an der unteren Querkante miteinander versiegelt sind, und die am oberen Ende eine Entnahmeöffnung bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich der Entnahme­öffnung (8) in zwei gegenüberliegenden Teilen der Seitenwände (1) jeweils mindestens eine von den Innenseiten nach außen gerich­tete Sicke (11; 14) verläuft, wobei die Sicken (11; 14) der beiden Seitenwände (1) deckungsgeleich gegenüberliegen und am Rand der Entnahmeöffnung (8) enden.1. Foil bags made of a heat-sealable or weldable plastic film for holding liquid and / or pasty media with two side walls forming surface parts which are sealed to one another at their longitudinal edges and at the lower transverse edge and which form a removal opening at the upper end, thereby characterized in that in the area of the removal opening (8) in two opposite parts of the side walls (1) at least one bead (11; 14) directed outwards from the inner sides, the beads (11; 14) of the two side walls (1) Opposite each other and end at the edge of the removal opening (8). 2. Folienbeutel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sicken (11; 14) in etwa parallel zu den versiegelten Längs­kanten (2) der Seitenwände (1) verlaufen.2. Foil bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the beads (11; 14) run approximately parallel to the sealed longitudinal edges (2) of the side walls (1). 3. Folienbeutel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sicken (11; 14) jeweils in einer Länge von 10 mm bis 50 mm gebildet sind.3. Foil bag according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the beads (11; 14) are each formed in a length of 10 mm to 50 mm. 4. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß jede der Sicken (11; 14) in Form einer Rinne aus­geführt ist.4. Foil bag according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each of the beads (11; 14) is designed in the form of a groove. 5. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Breite jeder Sicke (11) 5 mm bis 10 mm beträgt.5. Foil bag according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the width of each bead (11) is 5 mm to 10 mm. 6. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß in jeder Seitenwand (1) drei Sicken (14) ausge­führt sind, wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen den gegenüber­liegenden Seitenwänden (1), die die Entnahmeöffnung (8) bilden, im Bereich der Sicken (14) eine Rhombe bilden.6. Foil bag according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in each side wall (1) three beads (14) are made, the space between the opposite side walls (1) which form the removal opening (8) in the area the beads (14) form a diamond. 7. Folienbeutel nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sicken (14) parallel zueinander verlaufen.7. Foil bag according to claim 6, characterized in that the beads (14) run parallel to each other. 8. Folienbeutel nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sicken (14) jeweils eine Breite von etwa 0,5 mm bis 1 mm aufweisen.8. Foil bag according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the beads (14) each have a width of about 0.5 mm to 1 mm. 9. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß benachbarte Sicken (11; 14) einer Seitenwand (1) in einem Abstand von 5 mm bis 10 mm zueinander verlaufen.9. Foil bag according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that adjacent beads (11; 14) of a side wall (1) at a distance of 5 mm to 10 mm to each other. 10. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß jede Seitenwand eine Sicke aufweist, die zusammen einem Trichter bilden.10. Foil bag according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each side wall has a bead which together form a funnel. 11. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Folienbeutel als Standbeutel ausgebildet ist, bei dem zwischen den unteren Querkanten (4) der Seitenwände (1) ein faltbares, sich zwischen die Seitenwände (1) einlegendes Bodenteil (5) eingefügt ist.11. Foil bag according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the foil bag is designed as a stand-up pouch, in which between the lower transverse edges (4) of the side walls (1) a foldable, between the side walls (1) inserting bottom part (5th ) is inserted. 12. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekenn­zichnet, daß die Kunststoff-Folie eine zweischichtige Verbund-Folie (9, 10) ist.12. Foil bag according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the plastic film is a two-layer composite film (9, 10). 13. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die zum Innenraum gerichtete Folie (9) eine Polyethylen-Folie ist.13. Foil bag according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the film directed towards the interior (9) is a polyethylene film. 14. Folienbeutel nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die nach außen gerichtete, die Außenhaut bildende Folie (9) eine Polyester-Folie ist.14. A film bag according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the outwardly directed film (9) forming the outer skin is a polyester film. 15. Folienbeutel nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polyethylen-Folie eine Coextrusions-Folie ist.15. A film bag according to claim 13, characterized in that the polyethylene film is a coextrusion film. 16. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die nach außen gerichtete Folie (9) eine Dicke von mindestens 10 µm aufweist.16. Foil bag according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the outwardly directed film (9) has a thickness of at least 10 microns. 17. Folienbeutel nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der nach außen gerichteten Folie (8) 12 µm beträgt.17. A film bag according to claim 16, characterized in that the thickness of the outwardly directed film (8) is 12 µm. 18. Folienbeutel nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 17, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die nach innen gerichtete Folie (10) eine Dicke von 80 µm bis 200 µm aufweist.18. Foil bag according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the inwardly directed film (10) has a thickness of 80 µm to 200 µm. 19. Folienbeutel nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der nach innen gerichteten Folie (10) 100 µm bis 150 µm beträgt.19. Foil bag according to claim 18, characterized in that the thickness of the inwardly directed film (10) is 100 microns to 150 microns.
EP90100656A 1989-01-13 1990-01-12 Plastic bag Expired - Lifetime EP0383020B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90100656T ATE87874T1 (en) 1989-01-13 1990-01-12 FOIL POUCH.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8900366U DE8900366U1 (en) 1989-01-13 1989-01-13
DE8900366U 1989-01-13

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EP0383020A2 true EP0383020A2 (en) 1990-08-22
EP0383020A3 EP0383020A3 (en) 1990-11-22
EP0383020B1 EP0383020B1 (en) 1993-04-07
EP0383020B2 EP0383020B2 (en) 1995-07-12

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EP90901569A Pending EP0453457A1 (en) 1989-01-13 1990-01-12 Plastic bag

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US (1) US5433526A (en)
EP (2) EP0383020B2 (en)
JP (1) JP2720106B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE87874T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2045508A1 (en)
DE (2) DE8900366U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2040510T3 (en)
TR (1) TR25078A (en)
WO (1) WO1990008070A2 (en)

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WO2008057937A2 (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-05-15 Pouch Pac Innovations, Llc Method and apparatus for opening a flexible pouch using opening fingers
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US20090060399A1 (en) * 2007-08-28 2009-03-05 Roland Basque Easy-tear, non-laminated, polyolefin based pouch and method of fabrication
JP5376463B2 (en) * 2010-04-15 2013-12-25 株式会社東陽機械製作所 Packaging bags and packaging products using the packaging bags
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US4078717A (en) * 1977-03-23 1978-03-14 Great Plains Bag Corporation Bag with opening means
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US6362161B1 (en) * 1994-05-24 2002-03-26 Yeda Research & Development Company Limited Copolymer-1 improvements on compositions of copolymers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5433526A (en) 1995-07-18
WO1990008070A2 (en) 1990-07-26
EP0383020B2 (en) 1995-07-12
CA2045508A1 (en) 1990-07-14
JP2720106B2 (en) 1998-02-25
WO1990008070A3 (en) 1990-09-07
DE8900366U1 (en) 1989-08-03
TR25078A (en) 1992-11-01
JPH04502599A (en) 1992-05-14
EP0383020A3 (en) 1990-11-22
ES2040510T3 (en) 1993-10-16
DE59001149D1 (en) 1993-05-13
EP0453457A1 (en) 1991-10-30
ATE87874T1 (en) 1993-04-15
EP0383020B1 (en) 1993-04-07

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