EP0382252B1 - Apparatus for filling bags with bulky goods - Google Patents

Apparatus for filling bags with bulky goods Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0382252B1
EP0382252B1 EP90102602A EP90102602A EP0382252B1 EP 0382252 B1 EP0382252 B1 EP 0382252B1 EP 90102602 A EP90102602 A EP 90102602A EP 90102602 A EP90102602 A EP 90102602A EP 0382252 B1 EP0382252 B1 EP 0382252B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
tube
bag
open
longitudinal direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90102602A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0382252A1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Dipl.-Ing. Helms
Reiner Peters
Peter Hoppe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kordes W Sohne Rosenschulen GmbH and Co KG
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Kordes W Sohne Rosenschulen GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B39/00—Nozzles, funnels or guides for introducing articles or materials into containers or wrappers
    • B65B39/12—Nozzles, funnels or guides for introducing articles or materials into containers or wrappers movable towards or away from container or wrapper during filling or depositing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
    • B65B25/02—Packaging agricultural or horticultural products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B5/00—Packaging individual articles in containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars
    • B65B5/04—Packaging single articles
    • B65B5/045—Packaging single articles in bags

Definitions

  • the channel is a horizontal channel open at the top, which carries near its front end a pair of horizontal bearing pins on which the flap is mounted.
  • the front end region of the channel is under a funnel, and the flap is approximately vertical, with its lower part closing the front end of the channel and with its upper part protruding into the funnel, so that the filling material falls into the channel , but cannot leave it at its front end.
  • the Spreading device has a nozzle through which air is introduced into a bag held in front of the channel in order to keep it open while the channel is being moved into it.
  • a piston-cylinder arrangement is assigned to the channel for its horizontally reciprocating movements. By means of a further piston-cylinder arrangement, a piston-like slide can be moved back and forth in the channel in order to push the filling material out of the channel to the front when it is immersed in the bag.
  • This known device is suitable for bulk goods of only moderate bulk, such as carrots.
  • the known device is in any case not suitable if the cross section of the channel and thus also the bag to be filled is not significantly larger than the largest root ball cross section of shrub plants. If the shrub plants were packed in appropriately large bags, their root balls would be insufficiently protected against drying out.
  • a device for packaging shrub plants which has a bed for placing shrub plants below a hopper for feeding shrub plants and a pair of mold jaws between which the shrub plant is compressible in such a way that it can subsequently be pressed together of a slide can be pushed transversely to the direction of movement of the two mold jaws through a mouthpiece into a container which has previously been pushed onto the mouthpiece. Only a few, particularly robust plant species can withstand the force effects associated with these processes undamaged.
  • devices which serve to fill plastic film bags with bulk material, for example potatoes.
  • protruding edge regions of bags which are formed by a film web and are not yet separated from one another are drawn in the longitudinal direction of the film web over a spreading body in such a way that the bag edge regions which extend in the longitudinal direction of the film web and are not connected to one another are spread apart and as long as possible be kept separate until a desired amount of filling material has been introduced into the container.
  • These known devices are not very suitable for contents which are bulky and tend to get caught on the bag.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a device for filling bags in such a way that it is also suitable for packaging recalcitrant shrub plants with bales.
  • the invention is preferably further developed in that a channel open at the top opens into the conveyor trough in its open position, into which the shrub plants fall at intervals from one another from a conveyor. This results in a pre-orientation of each shrub plant in the conveyor trough, which is then only responsible for aligning the shrub plant exactly in the longitudinal direction of the dip tube.
  • a plunger for inserting the shrub plants into the bag can be moved back and forth in the dip tube, as in the channel of the device known from US Pat. No. 4203269. If the dip tube is arranged sufficiently steep, in particular vertically, the contents will generally tend to slip through the dip tube into the bag; with the stamp described you get yourself at especially bulky shrub plants the certainty that the bottom of the bag is reached by the plant bale in any case.
  • a holding device is arranged on the other side of the expansion tube for holding the filled bag when the immersion tube is withdrawn. In this way it can be prevented with certainty that the immersion tube takes a particularly bulky shrub plant with it when it is withdrawn.
  • the system shown is used to place balled shrub plants 10 in a bag 12 made of shrinkable film and to close the bag in the area between plant shoots and root balls by locally shrinking.
  • the bags 12 are, still interrelated, formed in a tubular film web, which is conveyed upright in a vertical longitudinal plane through the system and is slit open at the top.
  • the individual bags 12 are delimited by vertical weld seams 14 which end below the upper bag edge regions 16 which are separated from one another by the slitting.
  • Each bag 12 has a viewing surface 18 facing the viewer of FIG. 2, onto which an adhesive label 20 is to be glued.
  • a binding label 22 is also to be added to each bag 12, which can be attached to the plant 10 when it is removed from the bag 12 at the planting location.
  • Each binding label 22 has an eyelet 24 in which a binding wire 26 is fastened.
  • the adhesive label 20 should be glued over the binding wire 26 and, for the sake of safety, also over the area of the eyelet 24.
  • shrinking the bag 12 should eventually form a neck 28; below and also above the neck 28, the bag 12 should not be affected by the shrinkage or only relatively little.
  • the system shown has an elongated machine frame 30, at the beginning of which, in FIGS. 1 and 2 on the right, a vertical decoiler 32 for the film web is mounted, in which the bags 12 are formed.
  • the film web runs gradually over a tensioning roller 34 and over deflection rollers 36 and along a vertical support surface 38 to a vertical expansion tube 40, which in plan view according to FIG. 1 has the shape of a ship's hull pointed at both ends.
  • the spreader tube 40 engages between the upper bag edge regions 16 projecting beyond the weld seams 14 and spreads them apart after each conveying step of the film web above a bag 12 to such an extent that the relevant bag 12 opens for receiving a balled plant 10.
  • a take-up reel 44 Arranged above the rear end of the machine frame 30, which is on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2, is a take-up reel 44 for winding up the upper bag edge regions 16 torn off from the bags 12.
  • a common motor 46 is provided for rotating the take-up reel 44.
  • an adhesive label dispenser 48 and, above it, a binding label dispenser 50 are arranged.
  • the adhesive label dispenser 48 as such is of a known type and is therefore not shown in detail.
  • the binding label dispenser 50 has six label containers 52, each of which is attached to the end of an arm 56 which projects radially from a vertical shaft 54.
  • a longitudinal conveyor 86 for example in the form of a conveyor belt, is provided to bring the plants 10, which are to be put into a bag 12 each, which rises like a ramp to a transversely lying, open channel 88 and on which the plants 10 fall one after the other at intervals leaves.
  • a plant 10 can be displaced radially in the direction of the vertical axis B of a dip tube 92, for example by a slide 90 that can be moved pneumatically back and forth.
  • the dip tube 92 is arranged coaxially with the expansion tube 40 and can be moved up and down by a drive 94, for example a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit, between a take-over position in which the dip tube 92 only protrudes into the expansion tube 40 from above and a lower end position, in which extends the immersion tube far into the bag 12 held open by the expansion tube 40, if necessary almost to the bottom thereof.
  • a drive 94 for example a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit
  • the immersion tube 92 has a semi-tubular section 96, to which a likewise semi-tubular delivery channel 98 is assigned.
  • This conveyor trough 98 is connected at its lower edge to the dip tube 92 by a joint 100 with a horizontal pivot axis C.
  • the conveyor trough 98 opens diagonally into the dip tube 98 so that it can take over a plant 10 from the transverse channel 88.
  • the conveyor trough 98 is guided in such a way that it supplements the semi-tubular section 96 to a completely closed pipe section when the immersion pipe 92 is lowered. As a result, the plant 10 is forced to participate in the downward movement of the dip tube 92 and can only slide downward in it.
  • the downward slide of the plant 10 within the dip tube 92 is promoted by inertial forces when the downward movement of the dip tube is stopped more or less abruptly. This may be sufficient to cause the plant 10 to slide downward in the dip tube 92 until the root ball settles on the bottom of the bag 12 into which the dip tube is immersed.
  • a plunger-like stamp 102 is assigned to the dip tube 92, which normally assumes a rest position in the upper end region of the semi-tubular section 96 or even above it.
  • the plunger 102 is connected to a piston-cylinder unit 104, which moves it downwards during or immediately after the lowering of the dip tube 92, so that the plunger 102 will certainly push the plant 10 down until its root ball is on the bottom of the bag 12.
  • a holding device 106 is arranged below the expansion tube 40, the function of which is to hold the bag 12 and the plant 10 introduced into it, preferably at their root ball, while the dip tube 92 is again moved upwards into its take-over position.
  • the holding device 106 has a pair of jaws 108 which, for example, can be moved pneumatically towards and away from one another.
  • the entire film strip on which the bags are formed is moved one step further.
  • the bag which has just been filled comes into the area of action of a front nozzle 110 of each of the two nozzle groups 42, so that hot air escaping from them begins to cause the neck 28 to shrink.
  • said bag 12 is exactly between two pairs of middle nozzles 112; the hot air flowing out of them continues the shrinkage at the neck 28.
  • the right edge region of the neck 28 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is located between rear nozzles 114 of the two nozzle groups 42, so that the shrinkage concentrated on the neck 28 is completed.
  • the two nozzle groups 42 are supplied with hot air by a blower 116 each time a bag 12 has reached its area of influence. Careful thermal insulation of the nozzle groups 42 prevents excessive cooling in the intervals at which the fans 116 are stopped.
  • the bag edge regions 16 are torn off the correspondingly perforated or otherwise prepared film web and wound up by the take-up reel 44. Simultaneously or immediately thereafter, the filled bags, which have been shrunk at their neck 28, are separated from one another by means of a separating device 118 and conveyed further by a longitudinal conveyor 120 and finally by a cross conveyor 122.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Container Filling Or Packaging Operations (AREA)
  • Stacking Of Articles And Auxiliary Devices (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP90/00217 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 4, 1990 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 4, 1990 PCT Filed Feb. 9, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO90/09318 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 23, 1990.An upright immersion tube (92) is movable back and forth in its longitudinal direction between a takeover position in which a bushy plant (10) can be introduced into the immersion tube (92) and an immersed position in which the immersion tube is plunged through a spreader tube (40) into the vicinity of the bottom of a bag (12) which is being held open. The immersion tube (92) has a rear semi-tubular portion (96) with a hinged flap which is open in the takeover position but adapted to be moved into a closing position as the immersion tube (92) moves into the immersed position and, in said closing position, supplements the rear portion (96) so as to form a closed tube section. The spreader tube (40) has the profile contour of a ship's hull and engages between projecting bag edge zones (16) of a film web forming the bags (12) and being movable stepwise in the longitudinal direction of this contour. The flap is a semi-tubular portion of the imemrsion tube (92) and, with the conveyor chute (98) in the open position, it aligns one bushy plant (10) each in longitudinal direction of the immersion tube (92), with the root conglomerate leading.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Füllen von Beuteln mit sperrigem Füllgut, mit

  • einer Spreizeinrichtung zum Offenhalten eines Beutels,
  • einem Kanal, der in seiner Längsrichtung hin- und herbeweglich ist zwischen einer Ãœbernahmestellung, in der Füllgut in den Kanal einbringbar ist, und einer Eintauchstellung, in der er durch die Spreizeinrichtung hindurch in den offengehaltenen Beutel bis in die Nähe des Beutelbodens eintaucht,
  • wobei der Kanal eine schwenkbar gelagerte Klappe aufweist, die in der Ãœbernahmestellung offen ist, bei der Bewegung des Kanals in die Eintauchstellung jedoch in eine Schließstellung bringbar ist, in der sie den Kanal zu einem radial geschlossenen Rohrstück ergänzt.
The invention relates to a device for filling bags with bulky contents, with
  • a spreading device for keeping a bag open,
  • a channel which can be moved back and forth in its longitudinal direction between a take-over position in which the filling material can be introduced into the channel and an immersion position in which it dips through the spreader into the open bag up to the vicinity of the bag bottom,
  • wherein the channel has a pivotally mounted flap which is open in the take-over position, but can be brought into a closed position when the channel is moved into the immersion position, in which it supplements the channel to form a radially closed tube piece.

Eine solche Vorrichtung ist aus der US-PS 4203269 bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung ist der Kanal eine waagerechte, oben offene Rinne, die nahe ihrem vorderen Ende ein Paar waagerechte Lagerzapfen trägt, auf denen die Klappe gelagert ist. In der Übernahmestellung steht der vordere Endbereich des Kanals unter einem Trichter, und die Klappe steht ungefähr senkrecht, wobei sie mit ihrem unteren Teil das vordere Ende des Kanals verschließt und mit ihrem oberen Teil in den Trichter hineinragt, so daß das Füllgut in den Kanal hineinfallen, diesen aber an seinem vorderen Ende noch nicht verlassen kann. Die Spreizvorrichtung weist eine Düse auf, durch die jeweils Luft in einen vor dem Kanal festgehaltenen Beutel eingeleitet wird, um diesen offenzuhalten, während der Kanal in ihn hineinbewegt wird. Dem Kanal ist für seine waagerecht hin- und hergehenden Bewegungen eine Kolbenzylinderanordnung zugeordnet. Mittels einer weiteren Kolbenzylinderanordnung ist ein kolbenartiger Schieber im Kanal hin- und herbewegbar, um das Füllgut aus dem Kanal nach vorne herauszuschieben, wenn dieser in den Beutel eingetaucht ist.Such a device is known from US-PS 4203269. In this known device, the channel is a horizontal channel open at the top, which carries near its front end a pair of horizontal bearing pins on which the flap is mounted. In the take-over position, the front end region of the channel is under a funnel, and the flap is approximately vertical, with its lower part closing the front end of the channel and with its upper part protruding into the funnel, so that the filling material falls into the channel , but cannot leave it at its front end. The Spreading device has a nozzle through which air is introduced into a bag held in front of the channel in order to keep it open while the channel is being moved into it. A piston-cylinder arrangement is assigned to the channel for its horizontally reciprocating movements. By means of a further piston-cylinder arrangement, a piston-like slide can be moved back and forth in the channel in order to push the filling material out of the channel to the front when it is immersed in the bag.

Diese bekannte Vorrichtung eignet sich für Schüttgut von nur mäßiger Sperrigkeit wie beispielsweise Karotten. Zum automatischen Verpacken von Strauchpflanzen, die sich nicht ohne weiteres in Längsrichtung des waagerechten, oben offenen Kanals ausrichten, ist die bekannte Vorrichtung jedenfalls dann nicht geeignet, wenn der Querschnitt des Kanals und somit auch der zu füllenden Beutel nicht wesentlich größer ist als der größte Wurzelballenquerschnitt der Strauchpflanzen. Würden die Strauchpflanzen in entsprechend großen Beuteln verpackt werden, so wären ihre Wurzelballen gegen Austrocknen unzulänglich geschützt.This known device is suitable for bulk goods of only moderate bulk, such as carrots. For the automatic packaging of shrub plants that are not readily aligned in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal channel open at the top, the known device is in any case not suitable if the cross section of the channel and thus also the bag to be filled is not significantly larger than the largest root ball cross section of shrub plants. If the shrub plants were packed in appropriately large bags, their root balls would be insufficiently protected against drying out.

Aus der US-PS 3143836 ist ferner eine Vorrichtung zum Verpacken von Strauchpflanzen bekannt, die unterhalb eines Trichters zum Zuführen von Strauchpflanzen ein Bett zum Auflegen jeweils einer Strauchpflanze sowie ein Paar Formbacken aufweist, zwischen denen die Strauchpflanze derart zusammendrückbar ist, daß sie sich anschließend mittels eines Schiebers quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der beiden Formbacken durch ein Mündungsstück hindurch in einen Behälter schieben läßt, der zuvor auf das Mündungsstück aufgeschoben worden ist. Den mit diesen Vorgängen verbundenen Krafteinwirkungen können nur wenige, besonders robuste Pflanzenarten unbeschädigt standhalten.From US-PS 3143836 a device for packaging shrub plants is also known, which has a bed for placing shrub plants below a hopper for feeding shrub plants and a pair of mold jaws between which the shrub plant is compressible in such a way that it can subsequently be pressed together of a slide can be pushed transversely to the direction of movement of the two mold jaws through a mouthpiece into a container which has previously been pushed onto the mouthpiece. Only a few, particularly robust plant species can withstand the force effects associated with these processes undamaged.

Schließlich sind Vorrichtungen bekannt, die dazu dienen, Folienbeutel aus Kunststoff mit Schüttgut, beispielsweise Kartoffeln, zu füllen. Dabei werden überstehende Randbereiche von Beuteln, die von einer Folienbahn gebildet und noch nicht voneinander getrennt sind, in Längsrichtung der Folienbahn derart über einen Spreizkörper gezogen, daß die Beutelrandbereiche, die sich in Längsrichtung der Folienbahn erstrecken und nicht miteinander verbunden sind, auseinandergespreizt und solange voneinander getrennt gehalten werden, bis eine gewünschte Menge Füllgut in den Behälter eingebracht worden ist. Für Füllgut, das sperrig ist und dazu neigt, sich am Beutel zu verhaken, sind diese bekannten Vorrichtungen wenig geeignet.Finally, devices are known which serve to fill plastic film bags with bulk material, for example potatoes. In this case, protruding edge regions of bags which are formed by a film web and are not yet separated from one another are drawn in the longitudinal direction of the film web over a spreading body in such a way that the bag edge regions which extend in the longitudinal direction of the film web and are not connected to one another are spread apart and as long as possible be kept separate until a desired amount of filling material has been introduced into the container. These known devices are not very suitable for contents which are bulky and tend to get caught on the bag.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Füllen von Beuteln derart zu gestalten, daß sie auch für das Verpacken von widerspenstigen Strauchpflanzen mit Ballen geeignet ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a device for filling bags in such a way that it is also suitable for packaging recalcitrant shrub plants with bales.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß mit einer Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung gelöst, bei der

  • die Spreizeinrichtung ein Spreizrohr mit der Profilform eines Schiffsrumpfes aufweist und zwischen überstehende Beutelrandbereiche einer die Beutel bildenden, in Längsrichtung dieses Profils schrittweise bewegbaren Folienbahn eingreift,
  • der Kanal aufrechtstehend und an seinem in den Beutel eintauchbaren Ende als radial geschlossenes Tauchrohr ausgebildet ist, und
  • die Klappe ein am anderen Ende des Kanals angeordneter halbrohrförmiger Abschnitt des Kanals ist und in der Offenstellung als Förderrinne jeweils eine Strauchpflanze mit ihrem Wurzelballen voran in Längsrichtung des Tauchrohrs ausrichtet.
The object is achieved with a device of the type described above, in which
  • the spreading device has an expansion tube with the profile shape of a ship's hull and engages between projecting bag edge regions of a film web which forms the bags and can be moved stepwise in the longitudinal direction of this profile,
  • the channel is upright and is designed as a radially closed dip tube at its end which can be immersed in the bag, and
  • the flap is a semi-tubular section of the channel arranged at the other end of the channel and in the open position as a conveying trough in each case aligns a shrub plant with its root ball in the longitudinal direction of the dip tube.

Damit wird erreicht, daß die Strauchpflanzen ihrer Bewegung in das Tauchrohr hinein nur geringen Widerstand entgegensetzen, der entweder schon von der Schwerkraft alleine überwindbar ist oder allenfalls durch sanfte, das Füllgut nicht gefährdende Nachhilfe mit einem Schieber o.dgl. Selbst ungewöhnlich weit vorstehende Wurzeln oder Zweige der Strauchpflanzen werden im Tauchrohr derart zusammengehalten, daß sie sich nirgends verhaken können. Deshalb besteht Gewähr dafür, daß jede Pflanze soweit wie vorgesehen in den Beutel eingebracht wird und ihn nicht zerreißen kann. Dies ist besonders wichtig bei Strauchpflanzen, deren Wurzelballen beispielsweise in der aus dem DE-GM 8804853 bekannten Weise mit Drahtgitter umhüllt worden ist, das abstehende Drahtenden aufweisen kann. Auch dornige Zweige von Strauchpflanzen, beispielsweise Rosenpflanzen, können sich nicht am Beutel verhaken, während sie mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in ihn eingeführt werden.This ensures that the shrub plants oppose their movement into the dip tube into only slight resistance, which can either be overcome by gravity alone or at most by gentle tuition, which does not endanger the contents, with a slide or the like. Even unusually protruding roots or branches of the shrub plants are held together in the dip tube in such a way that they cannot get caught anywhere. Therefore, there is a guarantee that each plant is placed as far as intended in the bag and cannot tear it. This is particularly important for shrub plants, the root ball of which has been covered with wire mesh, for example in the manner known from DE-GM 8804853, which can have protruding wire ends. Even thorny branches of shrub plants, for example rose plants, cannot get caught on the bag while they are being inserted into it with the device according to the invention.

Die Erfindung ist vorzugsweise dadurch weitergebildet, daß in die Förderrinne in deren Offenstellung ein oben offener Kanal mündet, in den die Strauchpflanzen in Abständen hintereinander von einem Förderer fallen. Dadurch ergibt sich eine Vororientierung jeder einzelnen Strauchpflanze in der Förderrinne, die dann nur noch dafür verantwortlich ist, die Strauchpflanze genau in Längsrichtung des Tauchrohrs auszurichten.The invention is preferably further developed in that a channel open at the top opens into the conveyor trough in its open position, into which the shrub plants fall at intervals from one another from a conveyor. This results in a pre-orientation of each shrub plant in the conveyor trough, which is then only responsible for aligning the shrub plant exactly in the longitudinal direction of the dip tube.

Im allgemeinen ist es zweckmäßig, wenn in dem Tauchrohr wie in dem Kanal der aus der US-PS 4203269 bekannten Vorrichtung ein Stempel zum Einschieben der Strauchpflanzen in den Beutel hin- und herbewegbar ist. Wenn das Tauchrohr hinreichend steil, insbes. senkrecht, angeordnet ist, wird zwar das Füllgut im allgemeinen von selbst dazu neigen, durch das Tauchrohr hindurch in den Beutel zu rutschen; mit dem beschriebenen Stempel erhält man aber selbst bei besonders sperrigen Strauchpflanzen die Gewißheit, daß der Beutelboden vom Pflanzenballen in jedem Fall erreicht wird.In general, it is expedient if a plunger for inserting the shrub plants into the bag can be moved back and forth in the dip tube, as in the channel of the device known from US Pat. No. 4203269. If the dip tube is arranged sufficiently steep, in particular vertically, the contents will generally tend to slip through the dip tube into the bag; with the stamp described you get yourself at especially bulky shrub plants the certainty that the bottom of the bag is reached by the plant bale in any case.

Schließlich ist es vorteilhaft, wenn in Eintauchrichtung jenseits des Spreizrohrs eine Haltevorrichtung zum Festhalten des gefüllten Beutels beim Rückzug des Tauchrohrs angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise läßt sich mit Sicherheit verhindern, daß das Tauchrohr bei seinem Rückzug eine besonders sperrige Strauchpflanze wieder mitnimmt.Finally, it is advantageous if, in the immersion direction, a holding device is arranged on the other side of the expansion tube for holding the filled bag when the immersion tube is withdrawn. In this way it can be prevented with certainty that the immersion tube takes a particularly bulky shrub plant with it when it is withdrawn.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand schematischer Zeichnungen einer Anlage zum Verpacken ballierter Strauchpflanzen, insbes. Rosenpflanzen, mit weiteren Einzelheiten erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 die Draufsicht der Anlage,
  • Fig. 2 die Seitenansicht in Richtung des Pfeils II in Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 3 den vergrößerten Teilschnitt III-III in Fig. 1.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of schematic drawings of a plant for packaging balled shrub plants, in particular rose plants. Show it:
  • 1 is a top view of the plant,
  • Fig. 2 is a side view in the direction of arrow II in Fig. 1 and
  • 3 shows the enlarged partial section III-III in FIG. 1.

Die dargestellte Anlage dient dazu, ballierte Strauchpflanzen 10 in je einen Beutel 12 aus schrumpffähiger Folie zu stecken und den Beutel im Bereich zwischen Pflanzentrieben und Wurzelballen durch örtlich begrenztes Schrumpfen zu verschließen.The system shown is used to place balled shrub plants 10 in a bag 12 made of shrinkable film and to close the bag in the area between plant shoots and root balls by locally shrinking.

Die Beutel 12 sind, noch miteinander zusammenhängend, in einer schlauchförmigen Folienbahn ausgebildet, die in einer senkrechten Längsebene aufrechtstehend waagerecht durch die Anlage hindurchgefördert wird und an ihrer Oberseite aufgeschlitzt ist. Die einzelnen Beutel 12 sind durch senkrechte Schweißnähte 14 begrenzt, die unterhalb der durch das Aufschlitzen voneinander getrennten oberen Beutelrandbereiche 16 enden. Jeder Beutel 12 hat eine dem Betrachter der Fig. 2 zugewandte Sichtfläche 18, auf die ein Klebeetikett 20 aufgeklebt werden soll.The bags 12 are, still interrelated, formed in a tubular film web, which is conveyed upright in a vertical longitudinal plane through the system and is slit open at the top. The individual bags 12 are delimited by vertical weld seams 14 which end below the upper bag edge regions 16 which are separated from one another by the slitting. Each bag 12 has a viewing surface 18 facing the viewer of FIG. 2, onto which an adhesive label 20 is to be glued.

Jedem Beutel 12 soll ferner ein Bindeetikett 22 beigegeben werden, das an der Pflanze 10 befestigt werden kann, wenn diese am Pflanzort aus dem Beutel 12 herausgenommen wird. Jedes Bindeetikett 22 hat eine Öse 24, in der ein Bindedraht 26 befestigt ist. Zum Befestigen des Bindeetiketts 22 am Beutel 12 soll das Klebeetikett 20 über den Bindedraht 26 und sicherheitshalber auch über den Bereich der Öse 24 geklebt werden. Durch Schrumpfen soll der Beutel 12 schließlich einen Hals 28 bilden; unterhalb und auch oberhalb des Halses 28 soll der Beutel 12 aber vom Schrumpfen nicht oder nur verhältnismäßig wenig betroffen werden.A binding label 22 is also to be added to each bag 12, which can be attached to the plant 10 when it is removed from the bag 12 at the planting location. Each binding label 22 has an eyelet 24 in which a binding wire 26 is fastened. To attach the binding label 22 to the bag 12, the adhesive label 20 should be glued over the binding wire 26 and, for the sake of safety, also over the area of the eyelet 24. By shrinking, the bag 12 should eventually form a neck 28; below and also above the neck 28, the bag 12 should not be affected by the shrinkage or only relatively little.

Die dargestellte Anlage hat ein langgestrecktes Maschinengestell 30, an dessen Anfang, in Fig. 1 und 2 rechts, eine senkrechte Abwickelhaspel 32 für die Folienbahn gelagert ist, in der die Beutel 12 ausgebildet sind. Ausgehend von der Haspel 32 läuft die Folienbahn schrittweise über eine Spannrolle 34 sowie über Umlenkrollen 36 und an einer senkrechten Stützfläche 38 entlang zu einem senkrechten Spreizrohr 40, das in Draufsicht gemäß Fig. 1 die Form eines an beiden Enden spitzen Schiffsrumpfes hat. Das Spreizrohr 40 greift zwischen die oberen, über die Schweißnähte 14 überstehenden Beutelrandbereiche 16 ein und spreizt sie nach jedem Förderschritt der Folienbahn oberhalb eines Beutels 12 soweit auseinander, daß der betreffende Beutel 12 sich zum Aufnehmen einer ballierten Pflanze 10 öffnet.The system shown has an elongated machine frame 30, at the beginning of which, in FIGS. 1 and 2 on the right, a vertical decoiler 32 for the film web is mounted, in which the bags 12 are formed. Starting from the reel 32, the film web runs gradually over a tensioning roller 34 and over deflection rollers 36 and along a vertical support surface 38 to a vertical expansion tube 40, which in plan view according to FIG. 1 has the shape of a ship's hull pointed at both ends. The spreader tube 40 engages between the upper bag edge regions 16 projecting beyond the weld seams 14 and spreads them apart after each conveying step of the film web above a bag 12 to such an extent that the relevant bag 12 opens for receiving a balled plant 10.

Die Beutel 12, die noch zusammenhängen, nun aber mit je einer Pflanze 10 gefüllt sind, laufen anschließend zum Schrumpfen ihres Halses 28 zwischen zwei Düsengruppen 42 hindurch. Oberhalb des hinteren, in Fig. 1 und 2 linken Endes des Maschinengestells 30 ist eine Aufwickelhaspel 44 zum Aufwickeln der von den Beuteln 12 abgerissenen oberen Beutelrandbereiche 16 angeordnet. Für die Bewegung der die Beutel 12 bildenden Folie durch die Anlage hindurch und zum Drehen der Aufwickelhaspel 44 ist ein gemeinsamer Motor 46 vorgesehen.The bags 12, which are still connected, but are now each filled with a plant 10, then run through between two nozzle groups 42 to shrink their neck 28. Arranged above the rear end of the machine frame 30, which is on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2, is a take-up reel 44 for winding up the upper bag edge regions 16 torn off from the bags 12. For the movement of the film forming the bag 12 through the system and a common motor 46 is provided for rotating the take-up reel 44.

Am Anfang der Anlage, in Fig. 1 und 2 rechts, sind ein Klebeetikettenspender 48 und, darüber, ein Bindeetikettenspender 50 angeordnet. Der Klebeetikettenspender 48 ist als solcher von bekannter Bauart und deshalb nicht näher dargestellt. Der Bindeetikettenspender 50 hat im dargestellten Beispiel sechs Etikettenbehälter 52, die am Ende je eines von einer senkrechte Welle 54 radial wegragenden Arms 56 befestigt sind.At the beginning of the system, on the right in FIGS. 1 and 2, an adhesive label dispenser 48 and, above it, a binding label dispenser 50 are arranged. The adhesive label dispenser 48 as such is of a known type and is therefore not shown in detail. In the example shown, the binding label dispenser 50 has six label containers 52, each of which is attached to the end of an arm 56 which projects radially from a vertical shaft 54.

Zum Heranschaffen der Pflanzen 10, die in je einen Beutel 12 gesteckt werden sollen, ist ein Längsförderer 86, beispielsweise in Gestalt eines Förderbandes vorgesehen, der rampenartig zu einem querliegenden, oben offenen Kanal 88 hin ansteigt und auf diesen die Pflanzen 10 in Abständen hintereinander fallen läßt. In dem Kanal 88 ist jeweils eine Pflanze 10 von einem beispielsweise pneumatisch hin- und herbewegbaren Schieber 90 radial in Richtung auf die senkrechte Achse B eines Tauchrohrs 92 verschiebbar.A longitudinal conveyor 86, for example in the form of a conveyor belt, is provided to bring the plants 10, which are to be put into a bag 12 each, which rises like a ramp to a transversely lying, open channel 88 and on which the plants 10 fall one after the other at intervals leaves. In the channel 88, a plant 10 can be displaced radially in the direction of the vertical axis B of a dip tube 92, for example by a slide 90 that can be moved pneumatically back and forth.

Das Tauchrohr 92 ist gleichachsig mit dem Spreizrohr 40 angeordnet und von einem Antrieb 94, beispielsweise einer pneumatischen Kolbenzylindereinheit, auf- und abbewegbar zwischen einer Übernahmestellung, in der das Tauchrohr 92 von oben her nur in das Spreizrohr 40 hineinragt, und einer unteren Endstellung, in der das Tauchrohr weit in den vom Spreizrohr 40 offengehaltenen Beutel 12 hineinragt, gewünschtenfalls nahezu bis zu dessen Boden.The dip tube 92 is arranged coaxially with the expansion tube 40 and can be moved up and down by a drive 94, for example a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit, between a take-over position in which the dip tube 92 only protrudes into the expansion tube 40 from above and a lower end position, in which extends the immersion tube far into the bag 12 held open by the expansion tube 40, if necessary almost to the bottom thereof.

Das Tauchrohr 92 hat in seinem oberen Bereich einen halbrohrförmigen Abschnitt 96, dem eine ebenfalls halbrohrförmige Förderrinne 98 zugeordnet ist. Diese Förderrinne 98 ist an ihrem unteren Rand durch ein Gelenk 100 mit waagerechter Schwenkachse C mit dem Tauchrohr 92 verbunden. In der Übernahmestellung des Tauchrohrs 98, die in Fig. 3 abgebildet ist, mündet die Förderrinne 98 schräg in das Tauchrohr 98, so daß dieses eine Pflanze 10 vom querliegenden Kanal 88 übernehmen kann. Die Förderrinne 98 ist derart geführt, daß sie den halbrohrförmigen Abschnitt 96 zu einem vollständig geschlossenen Rohrabschnitt ergänzt, wenn das Tauchrohr 92 abgesenkt wird. Die Pflanze 10 ist infolgedessen gezwungen, an der Abwärtsbewegung des Tauchrohrs 92 teilzunehmen und kann in ihm nur mehr nach unten rutschen.In its upper region, the immersion tube 92 has a semi-tubular section 96, to which a likewise semi-tubular delivery channel 98 is assigned. This conveyor trough 98 is connected at its lower edge to the dip tube 92 by a joint 100 with a horizontal pivot axis C. In 3, the conveyor trough 98 opens diagonally into the dip tube 98 so that it can take over a plant 10 from the transverse channel 88. The conveyor trough 98 is guided in such a way that it supplements the semi-tubular section 96 to a completely closed pipe section when the immersion pipe 92 is lowered. As a result, the plant 10 is forced to participate in the downward movement of the dip tube 92 and can only slide downward in it.

Das Abwärtsrutschen der Pflanze 10 innerhalb des in der beschriebenen Weise seitlich geschlossenen Tauchrohrs 92 wird durch Trägheitskräfte gefördert, wenn die Abwärtsbewegung des Tauchrohrs mehr oder weniger abrupt beendet wird. Dies kann genügen, um die Pflanze 10 im Tauchrohr 92 soweit nach unten rutschen zu lassen, daß der Wurzelballen sich auf den Boden des Beutels 12 aufsetzt, in den das Tauchrohr eingetaucht ist. Sicherheitshalber ist jedoch dem Tauchrohr 92 ein kolbenartiger Stempel 102 zugeordnet, der normalerweise eine Ruhestellung im oberen Endbereich des halbrohrförmigen Abschnittes 96 oder sogar oberhalb davon einnimmt. Der Stempel 102 ist mit einer Kolbenzylindereinheit 104 verbunden, die ihn während oder unmittelbar nach dem Absenken des Tauchrohrs 92 abwärtsbewegt, so daß der Stempel 102 die Pflanze 10 mit Sicherheit soweit nach unten schiebt, bis ihr Wurzelballen auf dem Boden des Beutels 12 steht.The downward slide of the plant 10 within the dip tube 92, which is laterally closed in the manner described, is promoted by inertial forces when the downward movement of the dip tube is stopped more or less abruptly. This may be sufficient to cause the plant 10 to slide downward in the dip tube 92 until the root ball settles on the bottom of the bag 12 into which the dip tube is immersed. For safety's sake, however, a plunger-like stamp 102 is assigned to the dip tube 92, which normally assumes a rest position in the upper end region of the semi-tubular section 96 or even above it. The plunger 102 is connected to a piston-cylinder unit 104, which moves it downwards during or immediately after the lowering of the dip tube 92, so that the plunger 102 will certainly push the plant 10 down until its root ball is on the bottom of the bag 12.

Unterhalb des Spreizrohrs 40 ist eine Haltevorrichtung 106 angeordnet, deren Aufgabe es ist, den Beutel 12 und die in ihn eingebrachte Pflanze 10 festzuhalten, vorzugsweise an ihrem Wurzelballen, während das Tauchrohr 92 wieder nach oben in seine Übernahmestellung bewegt wird. Im dargestellten Beispiel hat die Haltevorrichtung 106 ein Paar Backen 108, die beispielsweise pneumatisch zueinander hin und voneinander weg bewegbar sind.A holding device 106 is arranged below the expansion tube 40, the function of which is to hold the bag 12 and the plant 10 introduced into it, preferably at their root ball, while the dip tube 92 is again moved upwards into its take-over position. In the example shown, the holding device 106 has a pair of jaws 108 which, for example, can be moved pneumatically towards and away from one another.

Sobald das Tauchrohr 92 aus dem soeben gefüllten Beutel 12 zurückgezogen worden ist, wird das gesamte Folienband, an dem die Beutel ausgebildet sind, um einen Schritt weiterbewegt. Dadurch gelangt der soeben gefüllte Beutel mit seinem in Fig. 1 und 2 linken Rand in den Einwirkungsbereich je einer vorderen Düse 110 der beiden Düsengruppen 42, so daß aus diesen auströmende Heißluft beginnt, den Hals 28 zum Schrumpfen zu bringen. Nach dem nächsten Förderschritt steht der genannte Beutel 12 genau zwischen zwei Paar mittleren Düsen 112; die aus diesen ausströmende Heißluft setzt die Schrumpfung am Hals 28 verstärkt fort. Nach einem weiteren Förderschritt steht der in Fig. 1 und 2 rechte Randbereich des Halses 28 zwischen hinteren Düsen 114 der beiden Düsengruppen 42, so daß die auf den Hals 28 konzentrierte Schrumpfung vollendet wird.As soon as the dip tube 92 has been withdrawn from the bag 12 which has just been filled, the entire film strip on which the bags are formed is moved one step further. As a result, the bag which has just been filled, with its left edge in FIGS. 1 and 2, comes into the area of action of a front nozzle 110 of each of the two nozzle groups 42, so that hot air escaping from them begins to cause the neck 28 to shrink. After the next conveying step, said bag 12 is exactly between two pairs of middle nozzles 112; the hot air flowing out of them continues the shrinkage at the neck 28. After a further conveying step, the right edge region of the neck 28 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is located between rear nozzles 114 of the two nozzle groups 42, so that the shrinkage concentrated on the neck 28 is completed.

Die beiden Düsengruppen 42 werden von je einem Gebläse 116 immer dann mit Heißluft versorgt, wenn ein Beutel 12 in ihren Einwirkungsbereich gelangt ist. Eine sorgfältige Wärmeisolation der Düsengruppen 42 verhindert eine übermäßige Abkühlung in den Intervallen, in denen die Gebläse 116 stillstehen.The two nozzle groups 42 are supplied with hot air by a blower 116 each time a bag 12 has reached its area of influence. Careful thermal insulation of the nozzle groups 42 prevents excessive cooling in the intervals at which the fans 116 are stopped.

Förderstromabwärts von den Düsengruppen 42 werden die Beutelrandbereiche 16 von der entsprechend perforierten oder anderweitig vorbereiteten Folienbahn abgerissen und von der Aufwickelhaspel 44 aufgewickelt. Gleichzeitig oder unmittelbar danach werden die gefüllten und an ihrem Hals 28 geschrumpften Beutel mittels einer Trennvorrichtung 118 voneinander getrennt und von einem Längsförderer 120 sowie schließlich von einem Querförderer 122 weitergefördert.Downstream of the nozzle groups 42, the bag edge regions 16 are torn off the correspondingly perforated or otherwise prepared film web and wound up by the take-up reel 44. Simultaneously or immediately thereafter, the filled bags, which have been shrunk at their neck 28, are separated from one another by means of a separating device 118 and conveyed further by a longitudinal conveyor 120 and finally by a cross conveyor 122.

Claims (4)

1. An apparatus for filling bags with unwieldy goods, comprising
- a spreader means to hold open a bag (12),
- a channel which is movable back and forth in its own longitudinal direction between a takeover position in which goods to be filled can be introduced into the channel and an immersed position in which it is plunged through the spreader means all the way into the vicinity of the bottom of the bag (12) which is being held open,
- the channel comprising a hinged flap which is open in the takeover position but adapted to be moved into a closing position in which it supplements the channel to form a radially closed tube portion when the channel moves into the immersed position
characterized in that
- the spreader means comprises a spreader tube (40) which has the profile contour of a ship's hull and engages between projecting bag edge zones (16) of a film web forming the bags (12) and being movable stepwise in the longitudinal direction of this contour,
- the channel is upright and designed to be a radially closed immersion tube (92) at its end which is adapted to plunge into the bag (12), and
- the flap is a semi-tubular portion of the channel disposed at the other end of the channel and, when in open position, acts as a conveyor chute (98) aligning one bushy plant (10) each in longitudinal direction of the immersion tube (92), with the conglomerate of roots leading.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that an upwardly open channel (88) opens into the conveyor chute (98) when the latter is in its open position, the bushy plants (10) falling in intervals one after the other from a conveyor (86) into the channel.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, with which a plunger (102) is movable back and forth in the immersion tube (92) to push the goods to be filled (10) into the bag (12).
4. The apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a holding device (106) is disposed beyond the spreader tube (40), in the direction of immersion, to hold on to the filled bag (12) as the immersion tube (92) retracts.
EP90102602A 1989-02-10 1990-02-09 Apparatus for filling bags with bulky goods Expired - Lifetime EP0382252B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3904043A DE3904043C1 (en) 1989-02-10 1989-02-10
DE3904043 1989-02-10

Publications (2)

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EP0382252A1 EP0382252A1 (en) 1990-08-16
EP0382252B1 true EP0382252B1 (en) 1992-05-13

Family

ID=6373843

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90102602A Expired - Lifetime EP0382252B1 (en) 1989-02-10 1990-02-09 Apparatus for filling bags with bulky goods

Country Status (16)

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US (1) US5123232A (en)
EP (1) EP0382252B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03504486A (en)
AT (1) ATE76017T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2024019A1 (en)
DD (1) DD292189A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3904043C1 (en)
DK (1) DK0382252T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2031013T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3004808T3 (en)
HU (1) HU205577B (en)
LT (1) LT3434B (en)
LV (1) LV10414B (en)
PL (1) PL163157B1 (en)
RU (1) RU1836255C (en)
WO (1) WO1990009318A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4345466C2 (en) * 1992-05-02 1999-09-09 Schrage Conveyor goods closure for the material delivery of a pipe chain or baffle plate conveyor
DE4314109C2 (en) * 1992-05-02 1999-08-19 Schrage Conveyor goods closure for the material delivery of a pipe chain or baffle plate conveyor

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CH511145A (en) * 1969-05-08 1971-08-15 Wickersheim Kg August Device for packaging lumpy goods, in particular fruits, in tubular packaging material
DE6926951U (en) * 1969-07-07 1969-11-06 Willem Josef Hoens DEVICE FOR PACKING POULTRY
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US3746057A (en) * 1971-06-07 1973-07-17 Dow Chemical Co Collapsible filling spout for bag filling machine
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2031013T3 (en) 1992-11-16
RU1836255C (en) 1993-08-23
DK0382252T3 (en) 1992-08-24
WO1990009318A1 (en) 1990-08-23
HU205577B (en) 1992-05-28
LTIP882A (en) 1995-03-27
US5123232A (en) 1992-06-23
CA2024019A1 (en) 1990-08-11
LV10414B (en) 1995-04-20
JPH03504486A (en) 1991-10-03
LT3434B (en) 1995-10-25
EP0382252A1 (en) 1990-08-16
DE3904043C1 (en) 1990-05-17
GR3004808T3 (en) 1993-04-28
ATE76017T1 (en) 1992-05-15
DD292189A5 (en) 1991-07-25
LV10414A (en) 1995-02-20
HU902771D0 (en) 1991-04-29
PL163157B1 (en) 1994-02-28
DE59000118D1 (en) 1992-06-17
HUT55304A (en) 1991-05-28

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