EP0380469B1 - Support d'outils pour les outils de coupe de machines de havage ou d'avancement - Google Patents

Support d'outils pour les outils de coupe de machines de havage ou d'avancement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0380469B1
EP0380469B1 EP19900890014 EP90890014A EP0380469B1 EP 0380469 B1 EP0380469 B1 EP 0380469B1 EP 19900890014 EP19900890014 EP 19900890014 EP 90890014 A EP90890014 A EP 90890014A EP 0380469 B1 EP0380469 B1 EP 0380469B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
tools
tool support
support according
holders
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900890014
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0380469A3 (fr
EP0380469A2 (fr
Inventor
Volker Dipl.-Ing. Hentschel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sandvik Mining and Construction GmbH
Original Assignee
Voest Alpine Bergtechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voest Alpine Bergtechnik GmbH filed Critical Voest Alpine Bergtechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0380469A2 publication Critical patent/EP0380469A2/fr
Publication of EP0380469A3 publication Critical patent/EP0380469A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0380469B1 publication Critical patent/EP0380469B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
    • E21D9/104—Cutting tool fixtures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/10—Roller bits with roller axle supported at both ends
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/12—Roller bits with discs cutters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tool carrier and removal tool for extraction or tunneling machines, in particular full-cut machines, such as Shield boring machines, the removal tools being held in the tool holder by tool holders and the tool holders being pivotably or rotatably and fixably mounted about an axis in the tool holder essentially parallel to the removal front, or being connected to a rotary drive, thereby moving the tool from a position pointing forward from the tool holder can be turned into a rear end.
  • full-cut machines such as Shield boring machines
  • Roller chisels such as those used for such cutting heads or cutting wheels, are particularly effective from a certain hardness or cube compressive strength. Conversely, these roller chisels are subject to relatively high wear in softer rock, since in cohesive or small-grain zones the rollers cannot be unrolled, so that the roller chisel ring cutting edge is subject to local abrasion. This local destruction of the ring cutting edge later prevents a rolling process in Hard rock zones, whereby the roller chisels have become ineffective.
  • a tool carrier for mining tools of extraction and boring machines has become known, in which the roller chisel is pivotably or rotatably mounted about at least one axis running in the tool carrier substantially parallel to the front of the mining machine.
  • the invention now aims to provide a tool carrier of the type mentioned at the beginning, with which it is possible to adapt the cutting or drilling heads to different rock qualities quickly and without retooling, and with which it may also be possible is to replace damaged tools in a simple manner and to maintain a largely tight seal to the working face while changing such damaged tools.
  • the invention consists essentially in the fact that the tool holders are pivotably or rotatably and fixably mounted about an axis running in the tool carrier essentially parallel to the dismantling front or are connected to a rotary drive, whereby the tool from a position pointing forward from the tool carrier can be turned into a rear end.
  • the design is such that the swivel axes of the tools are arranged radially in the tool carrier, in particular in the form of a drill head or a cutting wheel.
  • the swivel axes of the tools are arranged radially in the tool carrier, in particular in the form of a drill head or a cutting wheel.
  • the design is preferably such that these roller chisels can be disengaged from the face when pivoting about the pivot axis.
  • the holder of such roller chisels which can be pivoted about the pivot axis, can have a flat surface which largely seals off the opening in which the tools are pivotably mounted when the tools are pivoted out of engagement.
  • the pivoting of such roller chisels out of engagement with the rock leads to considerable protection of such chisels, which, as mentioned at the beginning, are particularly effective only with hard rock and would wear out quickly with soft rock.
  • the seal can, as in a preferred embodiment, be made such that sealing elements are arranged between the tool holders and the tool carrier.
  • the design can advantageously be such that a plurality of chisels are arranged in tool holders in circles concentric to the swivel axis, the tool tips lying within an enveloping circle, which is smaller than the envelope circle of the recess in the tool carrier, in which the tool holder can be pivoted.
  • a simple pivoting about the pivot axis is sufficient to bring new tools or different tools into engagement with the working face.
  • a maximum of four tools or chisels are arranged on a common tool holder in the circumferential direction, with the arrangement of four tools in the circumferential direction of the pivot axis leaving a particularly large margin for the angle of attack of such tools relative to the working face.
  • the design can be implemented in a simple manner in such a way that two tools are distributed on a tool holder over a central angle of less than 180 °. If only two tools are distributed over a central angle of less than 180 °, on the one hand the chisels facing away from the working face can be quickly replaced if necessary and on the other hand such a design with only two tools can be used which distributes over a central angle of less than 180 ° are, the possibility open, the swiveling tool holder set accordingly or exceptionally to allow the passage of cut or broken rock through the tool carrier.
  • the design is advantageously made such that the area of the pivotable tool holder opposite the tools is offset from the smaller axis relative to the pivot axis to a smaller radius.
  • the opening of the tool carrier in which the pivotable tool holder is arranged is of course designed with a clear width which corresponds at least to the envelope curve of the tools arranged on the tool holder concentrically with the pivot axis.
  • the tools can be oriented opposite to each other in the circumferential direction of the envelope, which results in a simple design in which the drill head or the milling disk for changing tools as a mechanical protective shield against the working face for the staff can be deployed.
  • the area of the tool holder remaining between the oppositely oriented chisels can completely fill the opening or opening of the tool holder in such a configuration, so that a high mechanical strength and good protection is provided. Even with such a design, the angle of attack and the depth of cut can be changed within wide limits, with the opposing orientation of the two cutting tools or chisels providing an adjustment range of almost 180 ° for different orientation of the chisels relative to the working face.
  • the design of the tool carrier is such that a plurality of tool holders with tools is rotatably mounted about a common pivot axis at different radial distances from the axis of rotation of the tool carrier, whereby a large area can be reduced and, if desired, at different radial distances different tools can be used from the axis of rotation of the tool carrier.
  • the tool holders are connected to a rotary drive for a rotary movement about the pivot axis, in order to take into account the different circumferential speeds due to the tools arranged at a different distance from the axis of rotation of the tool carrier or for targeted cutting or removal effects to enable the design to be advantageously made such that when a plurality of tool holders with tools are arranged at different radial distances from the axis of rotation of the tool carrier, the tool holders each have a separate drive.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of a partial view of a drilling head of a boring machine with tool carriers according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 analogously to FIG. 1 shows a partial top view of a cutting wheel of a boring machine with tool carriers according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a section along the line III-III of FIG 1 and 2, wherein the roller chisel is in engagement with the rock to be mined
  • FIG. 4 shows an illustration analogous to FIG. 3, the roller chisel facing away from the working face
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a modified form of a tool carrier according to the invention with a cutting tool, in FIG. 5 the tool is engaged with the working face and in FIG. 6 the cutting tool is again out of engagement with the working face
  • FIG. 7 is a partial plan view of a Cutting wheel similar to Fig.2 with an additional drive for the tool holder.
  • FIG 1 shows a drill head 1, on which tools 3, which are formed by roller chisels, can be pivoted about the axes 2 on the tool carrier designed as a drill head, around axes that run essentially radially, which are schematically indicated in FIG stored and can be determined in their respective pivot position, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • a plurality of dismantling tools 3 such as roller chisels, can be pivoted about essentially radial axes 2 and their respective pivot position can be determined.
  • dismantling tools 3 are provided at different radial distances from the center 5 of the drill head 1 or the cutting wheel with the cutting wheel spokes 4.
  • the base body of the drill head 1 or the cutting wheel spoke 4 of FIGS. 1 and 2 is designated 6 as the tool carrier.
  • This base body 6 has a recess 7 in which a tool holder 8, which carries a roller chisel 3, is pivotally mounted about the axis 2.
  • the roller chisel 3 is rotatably mounted in the tool holder 8 about an axis 9. In the position of the roller chisel shown in FIG. 3, the ring cutting edge 10 of the chisel engages with the face 11, the rolling force acting on the ring cutting edge 10 being denoted by 12 and the pressing force being denoted by 13.
  • the tool holder 8 is sealingly guided in the recess 7, so that no cut rock can get into the interior of the drill head or the cutting wheel.
  • the tool holder 8 has a flat 14 on the side opposite the roller chisel 3, which is dimensioned such that when the tool holder 8 is rotated about the axis 2 by 180 °, the surface 15 of the base body 6 facing the working face flush termination of the tool holder 8 results, as shown in Fig.4.
  • the roller chisel points towards the inside of the drill head or the cutting wheel and can thus be removed and replaced in a simple manner after removal of a cover 16, without having to access the drill head or cutting wheel on the side facing the working face would.
  • the tool holder 8 seals the inside of the cutting wheel or drill head 20 against the working face by means of sealing strips, indicated schematically by 22, so that extensive protection is provided.
  • a removal tool 21 different from the roller chisel 3, for example a cap chisel, can be arranged so that when the tool holder 8 is rotated according to the requirements, different tools 3 or 21 come into engagement with the face 11 .
  • tools 23 can be defined directly on the tool carrier 6, optionally with the interposition of tool holders, which are designed such that they only engage with the working face when the roller chisels 3 are pivoted inwards. When roller chisels 3 are used, the tools 23 are at a distance from the working face due to their small height.
  • the recess 7 in the tool carrier 6, which receives the tool holder 8 with the removal tool, is shaped so that the roller chisel can be rotated, ie the ring cutting edge 10 lies within an enveloping circle which is smaller than the enveloping circle of the recess 7 in the tool carrier 6, this envelope circle is indicated by 17 in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the axis of rotation 9 of the roller chisel 3 in the tool holder 8 is offset from the pivot axis 2 in the tool carrier.
  • roller chisel center 9 By arranging the Roller chisel center 9 in the working position, ie in the position shown in Figure 3, in which the ring cutter 10 is engaged with the face 11, on the line of action of the resultant of the pressure and rolling force 12 and 13, a torque load for the rotary drive for pivoting the Tool holder 8 avoided.
  • a plurality of tool holders 8, each of which carries a roller chisel 3, can be coupled to one another and pivoted about a pivot axis 2 by a common rotary drive, so that all or a group of tools 3 pivotably fixed about a radial pivot axis 2 can be pivoted together .
  • the tool carrier is again designated 6 and in turn has a recess 7 for receiving a tool holder 18 which is pivotable about the pivot axis 2.
  • Two cutting tools 19 are fixed on this tool holder 18, one of these tools being in engagement with the working face 11.
  • the cutting direction in the illustration according to FIG. 5 is indicated by the arrow 20.
  • the tool holder according to FIG. 5 is designed in such a way that a passage cross section for cut or broken material remains in the recess 7 of the base body 6 when one of the cutting tools 19 with the working face 11 in Engagement is so that this material can be discharged to the inside of the drill head or the cutting wheel through the free cross section. It is immediately apparent from FIG.
  • the tool holder according to FIG. 5 is shown in the resting position, so that none of the cutting tools 19 is engaged with the face 11.
  • the tools 19 are offset from one another by an angle of less than 180 °, but this angle is dimensioned sufficiently large to result in a complete closure of the recess 7 in the tool carrier in the position shown in FIG. 6 and thus a closed shield to support the working face or to secure the mining area. In this case, too, the tools in the protection of this plate are easily accessible for checking or changing.
  • an inactive tool 19 is arranged in a protected manner for other directions of rotation and is therefore not subject to wear and does not increase the cutting resistances.
  • the material drain opening which is limited by the remaining passage cross section in the recess 7, is always in front of a cutting tool 19 in the cutting direction, so that the material can be transported directly from the cutting plane behind the support plane.
  • the size of the material flow opening can be continuously adjusted within certain limits with a parallel gap width and can thus be used to control the material flow. In this way, a support pressure control in the cutting plane is conceivable without the entire excavation space having to be filled.
  • the arrangement of different tools on a common tool holder 8 can be provided, so that different tools, which are particularly favorable for the dismantling of different geological compositions, can each be swiveled in a simpler manner by pivoting the respective tool holder Can be brought into engagement with the working face without retrofitting the entire drill head or the cutting wheel.
  • a drilling head 1 is again shown in FIG. 7, tool holder 24 with a plurality of tools 25 being rotatable about an axis 2 in the tool carrier 6 formed by the drilling head 1 are stored.
  • a drive 27 is provided for moving the tool holder 24 in accordance with the arrow 28 about the axis 2.
  • a number of tools are in turn mounted at different radial distances from the axis 5, which are in engagement with the material to be mined along concentric circles when the drilling head 1 rotates.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Support d'outils (6) et outils d'abattage (3, 19, 21, 25), pour machine d'abattage ou machine de creusement, notamment à section complète, telle que par exemple machine de creusement à bouclier, dans lesquelles les outils d'abattage (3, 19, 21, 25) sont maintenus dans le support d'outils (6) au moyen de porte-outil (8, 18, 24), caractérises en ce que les porte-outil (8, 18, 24) sont montés de façon qu'on puisse les faire basculer ou tourner autour d'un axe (2) s'étendant dans le support d'outils (6) d'une manière pratiquement parallèle au front d'abattage et de façon qu'on puisse les bloquer en position ou sont reliés à des moyens d'entraînement en rotation, de sorte qu'on peut faire tourner l'outil (3, 19, 21, 25) d'une position dans laquelle il est dirigé vers l'avant à partir du support d'outils (6) à une position dans laquelle il est dirigé vers l'arrière.
  2. Support d'outils selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les axes de basculement (2) des outils (3, 19, 21, 25) sont disposés radialement dans le support d'outils qui est notamment réalisé sous forme d'une tête de forage (1) ou sous forme d'une roue de coupe (4).
  3. Support d'outils selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les outils sont constitués par des molettes de trépan (3) qui sont agencées de façon à pouvoir être amenées hors de prise avec la paroi lors d'un basculement autour de l'axe de basculement (2).
  4. Support d'outils selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que de multiples éléments de trépan (21), disposés dans des porte-outil (8), sont situés sur des cercles ayant leur centre sur l'axe de basculement (2), tandis que les pointes des outils sont situées à l'intérieur d'un cercle enveloppe (17) qui est plus petit que le cercle enveloppe de la cavité (7), ménagée dans le support d'outils (6), dans laquelle les porte-outil (8) sont agencés de façon qu'on puisse les faire basculer.
  5. Support d'outils selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que quatre outils ou éléments de trépan (3, 19, 21, 25) au maximum sont disposés suivant la direction circonférentielle sur un porte-outil (8) commun.
  6. Support d'outils selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, sur chaque porte-outil (18), deux outils (19) sont répartis suivant un angle au centre inférieur à 180°.
  7. Support d'outils selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les outils (19) sont orientés dans des sens opposés l'un vis-à-vis de l'autre suivant la direction circonférentielle de la courbe enveloppe.
  8. Support d'outils selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la zone du porte-outil (18), agencé de façon qu'on puisse le faire basculer, qui est située à l'opposé des outils (19) est réalisée d'une manière décalée, à un plus petit rayon, vis-à-vis de l'axe de basculement (2).
  9. Support d'outils selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que, sur un porte-outil (8) commun, des outils (3, 21) différents l'un de l'autre suivant la direction circonférentielle sont fixés à l'intérieur de la courbe enveloppe (17) du basculement.
  10. Support d'outils selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que de multiples porte-outil (8, 18, 24) comportant des outils (3, 19, 21, 25) sont montés, de façon qu'on puisse les faire tourner autour d'un axe de basculement (2) commun, à différentes distances radiales vis-à-vis de l'axe de rotation (5) du support d'outils (6).
  11. Support d'outils selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas de l'agencement de multiples porte-outil (24), comportant des outils (25), à différentes distances radiales vis-à-vis de l'axe de rotation (5) du support d'outils (6), les porte-outil (24) possèdent chacun des moyens d'entraînement (27) qui leur sont propres.
  12. Support d'outils selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que des éléments d'étanchéité (22) sont disposés entre les porte-outil (8, 18, 24) et le support d'outils (6).
EP19900890014 1989-01-23 1990-01-23 Support d'outils pour les outils de coupe de machines de havage ou d'avancement Expired - Lifetime EP0380469B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT121/89 1989-01-23
AT12189A AT400350B (de) 1989-01-23 1989-01-23 Werkzeugträger für die abbauwerkzeuge von gewinnungs- oder vortriebsmaschinen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0380469A2 EP0380469A2 (fr) 1990-08-01
EP0380469A3 EP0380469A3 (fr) 1992-06-10
EP0380469B1 true EP0380469B1 (fr) 1995-12-27

Family

ID=3482064

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900890014 Expired - Lifetime EP0380469B1 (fr) 1989-01-23 1990-01-23 Support d'outils pour les outils de coupe de machines de havage ou d'avancement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0380469B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT400350B (fr)
DE (1) DE59009990D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6526493B2 (ja) * 2015-06-24 2019-06-05 川崎重工業株式会社 センターカッター装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3309142A (en) * 1963-05-31 1967-03-14 Robbins & Assoc James S Cutterhead assembly for a shield-type tunneling machine
US3232670A (en) * 1964-08-07 1966-02-01 Robbins & Assoc James S Tunnel-boring rotary head with adjustably mounted gauge cutters
US3647263A (en) * 1970-03-19 1972-03-07 Atlas Copco Ab Tunnelling machines and the like
GB1469752A (en) * 1973-04-16 1977-04-06 Mcalpine & Sons Ltd Sir Robert Tunnelling machines
IT1053909B (it) * 1976-02-02 1981-10-10 Grandori Carlo Perfezionamento nelle macchine per lo scavo meccanico di gallerie
ZA842236B (en) * 1983-05-10 1984-11-28 Atlas Copco Ab Machine for boring non-circular tunnels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59009990D1 (de) 1996-02-08
ATA12189A (de) 1995-04-15
EP0380469A3 (fr) 1992-06-10
EP0380469A2 (fr) 1990-08-01
AT400350B (de) 1995-12-27

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