EP0379866B1 - Window, door or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

There is described a window or door 21 with a wing 23 which is mounted on a fixed frame 22 by means of articulated fittings 26, 27 at or in the vicinity of a vertical limiting edge, the window or door being characterised, for relieving the articulated fittings 26, 27 of the vertical component of the weight or load of the wing 23, by a tension member 42 which, on the one hand, engages on the wing 23 in the region of the articulated fittings 26, 27 and, on the other hand, is anchored to the fixed frame 22 counter to the weight or load of the wing 23. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a window or a door with a tilt and turn sash, which is mounted on or near an upright boundary edge by means of joint fittings on the fixed frame.

Such windows or doors are known.

In such windows, the hinge fittings connecting the sash to the fixed frame can, on the one hand, be arranged lying or visible in front of the opening-side end face of the fixed frame, the lateral swivel joints then lying on the upright limiting edge of the sash (see DE-C-10 78 010 and DE-C-11 74 649).

On the other hand, however, it is also possible to use hinge fittings which are installed in a position completely hidden in a chamber between the folds of the sash and the fixed frame. In this case, the lateral swivel joints are then provided in the vicinity of the upright wing edge (see. DE-C-21 13 665).

In any case, in these known windows or doors, the stresses resulting from the weight or the load of the sash are fully introduced into the fixed frame via the interposed hinge fittings.

Since the sash of modern window or door constructions has a relatively high weight, e.g. up to 130 kg, the hinge fittings connecting them to the fixed frame are exposed to correspondingly high loads. These then lead mainly to the normal to the axial direction of the joints and supported on and against each other - so acting in the manner of a thrust bearing - sliding bearing surfaces to considerable wear and tear, if proper lubrication is not always taken care of the same.

In addition, permanent deformations can occur on the hinge fittings themselves and / or in the connection area thereof with the sash and the fixed frame, which give rise to a lasting impairment of the proper window or door function.

In the known hinges of the aforementioned type, it is therefore important to avoid the disadvantage that high sash weights can lead to permanent deformations on the hinge parts themselves and / or at the junctures thereof with the fixed frame and the sash.

The object of the invention is to show a way through which, in the case of windows or doors of the type described at the outset - also subsequently - with simple means, extensive relief of the hinge fittings connecting the sash to the fixed frame can be achieved by the sash weight acting in the axial direction thereof without impairing the system-specific mode of action of the joint fittings used in each case.

According to the features of claim 1, the solution to this problem is characterized according to the invention
by a tension member that engages on the one hand in the area of the joint fittings and on the other hand anchored against the weight or load of the wing on the fixed frame, which is installed above but near the lower corner joint between the wing and the fixed frame. In particular, this relieves the pressure on the corner joint at the intersection between the lateral, upright hinge axis and the lower, horizontal hinge axis of the tilt-and-turn sash to the fixed frame. This applies not only in the closed position and in the turning open position of the wing, but rather also in the tilt open position of the same.

According to the previously reported - but not previously published - DE-A-38 29 053 - as well as according to DE-C- 329 280 - is already considered to transfer the sash weight directly to the frame via a tension member. In both cases, however, the arrangement of an element subject to tension between the sash frame and the fixed frame is expressly considered to be possible only with a pure rotating fitting. Neither DE-C-329 280 nor the previously reported DE-A-38 29 053 are any suggestions or pointers in the direction of the use according to the invention of an element acting on the sash frame and the fixed frame and thereby subject to tension on windows or doors with tilt and turn sashes remove. Rather, DE-A-38 29 053 explicitly shows only the direction for windows and doors with a tilt-and-turn fitting to use a support rod that is under pressure as a relief element for the articulated fittings, in order to open the sash forces both when opening and tilting of the wing in the fixed frame.

In the simplest and at the same time the most practical case, according to the invention, namely according to claim 2, the tension member can be hung with its upper end directly on the fixed frame, while at the same time it engages with its lower end on the wing.

If in this case the tension member, according to the teaching of claim 3, is kept constantly under tension, the vertical component can be introduced directly from the weight or load of the sash into the fixed frame, so that the hinge fittings have to absorb practically only stresses , which result from horizontal components of the weight or load of the wing and are directed essentially transversely to their hinge axes.

It would also be conceivable according to the invention to have a counterforce act on the tension member relative to its abutment located on the fixed frame, for example in the form of a counterweight balancing the sash weight or in the form of a correspondingly preloaded spring. A corresponding installation space must then be available for the accommodation of such additional elements, but this is not without exception available in conventional window and door constructions.

For windows or doors that are equipped with a tilt and turn sash, which is supported at the intersection between its lateral, upright hinge axis and its lower, horizontal hinge axis via a so-called corner joint on the fixed frame, it proves to be functionally essential that the tension member is above, but is installed near the lower corner joint between sash and fixed frame.

This measure ensures in a simple manner that the hinge fittings forming the lower corner joint remain largely relieved of the weight of the sash not only when the sash is in the closed position and when the sash is in the rotational opening position, but also when the sash is in the tilt opening position.

According to claim 4 it is further provided according to the invention that the tension member is formed by a rope or a cable or possibly also consists of a Bowden cable.

A tension member designed in this way not only requires a small installation space, but it can easily adapt to the relative movements of the wing relative to the fixed frame when the window or door is opened and closed while maintaining its effect.

It has proven particularly expedient if, according to the invention, the tension member is concealed according to the invention in the air space between the folds of sash and frame.

It can also prove to be advantageous for the purpose of easy adaptation to different needs if the tension member is at least limitedly adjustable in length.

Deviating from claim 4, it is also possible according to the invention according to claim 7, to let the tension member consist of a rigid tension rod, the ends of which engage by gimbal or spherical connecting links on the wing and on the fixed frame.

It is also within the scope of the invention, according to claim 8, to place the tension member relative to the abutment located on the fixed frame under a counterforce, for example a counterweight balancing the sash weight or a correspondingly preloaded spring.

According to claim 9, the tension member on the fixed frame around the stationary abutment, e.g. be guided around by means of a roller and placed under tension by the counterforce, for example the counterweight.

In addition, however, the invention also proposes to use at least one twistable flat strip material, in particular spring steel strip, as the tension member. In this case, it has proven useful if the flat strip material has a width which is a multiple, e.g. B. about sixteen times to twenty times its thickness, while this flat strip material is in the closed position on the fixed frame wing over its entire length with its broad side at least approximately parallel to the folded surfaces or transversely to the main planes of the wing and the fixed frame extends.

In the case of windows or doors with rotating sashes, it has already been proposed to install the tension member in the area of the hinge fittings practically at any height between the sash and the fixed frame. In the case of windows or doors with a tilt and turn sash, however - as already mentioned - it is essential that the tension member acts on the sash at least in the vicinity of the lower corner joint.

In practice, it is not only necessary to keep the sash functionally stable and to guide it in relation to the fixed frame. Rather, it also proves to be important to arrange the tension member between the fixed frame and the wing in such a way that it can also be easily and functionally securely engaged when the wing is hooked in, while it can also be uncoupled just as easily when the wing is unhooked can.

It is therefore important to design at least the connection area between the tension member and the wing held in its functional position by the latter against its weight, using structurally simple means, that an easy and manually simple coupling and uncoupling of the connecting elements is guaranteed.

This aim is achieved according to the invention in that the wing-side joint part has a hook extension projecting over the boundary surface of the upright wing spar with an angular slot that is open sideways at its lower end,
that the hook approach has two parallel to the wing plane and separated by a spacing gap hook parts
and that the tension member is provided at its lower end with a block-shaped thickening, the cross-sectional dimension of which is adapted to the width of the angular slot, while the spacing gap forms a receptacle for the tension member.

The particular advantage of this solution principle lies in the fact that the interacting coupling elements can be made relatively large and powerful and thereby enable easy handling during the hanging and unhooking process.

However, it has also proven to be particularly advantageous if, according to the invention, the block-shaped thickening consists of a cylindrical or spherical body in which the tension member is firmly or releasably anchored. The releasable anchoring can take place, for example, with the aid of a clamping screw which has such a position or arrangement in the block-shaped thickening that it is not accessible on the wing-side joint part when the tension member is hooked on.

According to the invention, it has also proven to be advantageous if the wing-side joint part is an angle piece which can be used in the area of the wing corner with its two angle legs in a step-shaped profiled groove on the circumferential surface of the fold.

It has been found that it is particularly useful if the tension member is first coupled to the wing during the hooking-in process and then the wing is hooked into the hinge fittings. The tension member can then already introduce the sash weight into the fixed frame while the sash is connected to the hinge fittings.

When using a rope or cable as a tension member, it is conceivable to provide the wing associated end with a loop that can be attached to a wing part on the hinge part and a thickened head part or a circumferential groove bearing pin. However, since the loop narrows under the influence of the wing weight, it can be difficult if the tension member has to be uncoupled from the wing when it becomes necessary to unhook it.

According to a further development feature of the invention, the angled slot of the hook extension in accordance with claim 12 can be assigned a nose-like narrowing projection in the area of the sideways opening or immediately above it, in such a way that an undesired unhooking of the tension member from the wing-side joint part is prevented. In the simplest case, the narrowing protrusion according to the invention can consist of a spring tongue or a snap catch, which is provided on the wing-side joint part.

Finally, it is also considered to be within the scope of the invention if the narrowing projection is located at the free end of one lever arm of a two-armed lever which is pivotally held in the wing-side joint part and which, in turn, carries an actuating cam at the free end of its other lever arm which fits into the angle slot of the Hook approach protrudes as long as the narrowing projection does not engage in the angular slot of the hook approach.

• Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Fensters oder einer Tür, bei welchem bzw. welcher der Flügel am feststehenden Rahmen als Drehkippflügel angeschlagen ist und die Gelenkbeschläge verdeckt zwischen den Fälzen von Flügel und Rahmen untergebracht sind,
• Fig. 2 in größerem Maßstab einen parallel zur Zeichnungsebene der Fig. 1 liegenden Teilschnitt durch den Flügel und den feststehenden Rahmen des Fensters oder der Tür bei ausführlicher Darstellung eines Gelenkbeschlages,
• Fig. 3 in schematisch vereinfachter Darstellung eine Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung III des Fensters bzw. der Tür nach Fig. 2 bei gegenüber dem feststehenden Rahmen in Drehstellung geöffnetem Flügel,
• Fig. 4 wiederum in schematisch vereinfachter Darstellung eine Ansicht des Fensters bzw. der Tür in Pfeilrichtung IV der Fig. 3 und
• Fig. 5 eine der Fig. 4 ähnliche schematisch vereinfachte Ansicht des Fensters bzw. der Tür, jedoch bei gegenüber dem feststehenden Rahmen in Kippstellung geöffnetem Flügel;
• Fig. 6 ein Fenster oder eine Tür, bei welchem bzw. welcher der Flügel am feststehenden Rahmen als Drehkippflügel angeschlagen ist und die Gelenkbeschläge verdeckt zwischen den Fälzen von Flügel und Rahmen untergebracht sind,
• Fig. 7 im größeren Maßstab den in Fig. 6 mit VII gekennzeichneten Ausschnittbereich in ausführlicher Ansichtsdarstellung,
• Fig. 8 eine Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung VIII der Fig. 7 und
• Fig. 9 den erfindungswesentlichen Teilbereich der Fig. 7 in abgewandelter baulicher Ausführung.

In the drawing, the object of the invention is shown in exemplary embodiments. It shows

• 1 is a schematic representation of a window or a door, in which the wing is attached to the fixed frame as a tilt and turn wing and the hinge fittings are concealed between the rebates of the wing and frame,
• 2 is a partial section parallel to the plane of the drawing of FIG. 1 through the sash and the fixed frame of the window or door with a detailed representation of a hinge fitting,
• 3 shows, in a schematically simplified representation, a view in the direction of arrow III of the window or door according to FIG. 2 with the sash open relative to the fixed frame in the rotational position,
• Fig. 4 again in a schematic simplified representation a view of the window or the door in the direction of arrow IV of Fig. 3 and
• 5 shows a schematically simplified view of the window or door similar to FIG. 4, but with the sash open in relation to the fixed frame in the tilted position;
• 6 a window or a door in which the wing is attached to the fixed frame as a tilt and turn wing and the hinge fittings are concealed between the rebates of the wing and frame,
• 7 on a larger scale the detail area marked VII in FIG. 6 in a detailed view,
• Fig. 8 is a view in the direction of arrow VIII of Fig. 7 and
• FIG. 9 shows the partial area of FIG. 7 essential to the invention in a modified structural design.

In Fig. 1 of the drawing, a window or door 21 can be seen, which comprises a fixed frame 22 and a wing 23. The wing 23 is optionally arranged in the fixed frame 22 so as to be movable about a laterally perpendicular axis 24-24 in a rotational opening position or about a lower horizontal axis 25-25 in a tilt opening position. For this purpose, the wing 23 is supported on the fixed frame 22 at the intersection of the two hinge axes 24-24 and 25-25 by a corner joint or a tilt and turn corner bearing 26. In addition, there is a swivel joint 27 of an opening device 28 between the wing 23 and the fixed frame 22, while a tilt lock 29 is provided between the lower corner of the wing 23 and the fixed frame 22 on the lock side.

A drive rod fitting 31, which can be adjusted via an operating handle 30, is accommodated in the wing 23 in such a way that, on the one hand, locking and unlocking of the wing 23 in the closed position on the fixed frame 22 can be effected by means of locking cams 32 and associated locking engagements 33. On the other hand, the connecting rod fitting 31 is also designed so that it can be used to engage and disengage both a coupling 34, 35 between the wing 23 and the opening device 28 and the tilt lock 29. Both in the closed switching position and in the rotary opening switching position of the connecting rod fitting 31, the clutch 34, 35 is in its engagement position between the wing 23 and the opening device 28. In the tilt-open switching position of the connecting rod fitting 31, however, the clutch 34, 35 is disengaged. The tilt lock 29 is in the disengaged position when the espagnolette fitting 31 assumes its closed switch position and its rotary open switch position while it is engaged in the tilt open switch position.

The opening device 28 is designed as a so-called supporting opening device, ie it is suitable for the weight of the wing 23 in the closed position and in the rotary opening switch position of the connecting rod fitting 31 to hold and to initiate in the upper frame hinge 27. For this purpose, the opening device 28 has an opening arm 36 which is pivotally held in the frame-side swivel joint 27 and which at its other end engages in a sliding guide 38, which can pivot and also slide longitudinally, via a collar pin 37 and extends essentially parallel to the upper edge of the wing 23. In addition, the opening device 28 has an additional arm 39, which on the one hand is articulated only pivotably on the wing 23 via a hinge pin 40, but on the other hand, if only pivotable, is connected to the opening arm 36 via a hinge pin 41.

The opening device 28 is designed in its kinematics so that it keeps the upper wing spar aligned in every possible tilt position parallel to the upper spar of the fixed frame 2 when the wing 23 is opened.

In the window 21 according to FIG. 1, the sash 23 is held on the fixed frame 22 by means of hinge fittings which are completely concealed in the air space between the rebates of sash 23 and the fixed frame 22. In order to form the corner joint or tilt and turn corner bearing 26 and the swivel joint 27, joint fittings can be used which, in their mode of operation, e.g. based on the pantograph or cranesbill principle - see e.g. B. DE-OS 25 08 174 and DE-PS 35 19 988 -.

To relieve the corner joint or turn-tilt corner bearing 26 from the vertical component of the weight or load of the wing 23, a tension member 42 is also used in the window or in the door 21 according to FIG. 1. It is effective in the direction of the vertical hinge axis 24-24 and for this purpose is hung with its upper end on a fixed abutment 43 of the fixed frame 22, while its lower end engages an abutment 44 which sits on the wing 23. In this case, the tension member 42 with its abutments 43 and 44 is overall above, but still installed in the immediate vicinity of the lower corner joint or rotary tilt corner bearing 26 between the wing 23 and the fixed frame 22, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 1.

The tension member 42 of Fig. 1 is e.g. hidden in the air space between the rebates of wing 23 and fixed frame 22 of the window 21 installed.

The arrangement, design and mode of operation of the tension member 42 according to FIG. 1 result from FIGS. 2 to 5 of the drawing, which show a window or a door 21, in which the wing 23 on the fixed frame 22 is completely hidden between the horizontal folds of sash 23 and fixed frame 22 lying joint fittings (corner joint 26 and pivot joint 27) is suspended. The joint fittings according to FIGS. 2 to 4 are based on a type and mode of operation which is already known in principle, for example from GB-PS 496 829.

In Fig. 2 of the drawing, the articulated fitting designed as a corner joint or turn-tilt corner bearing 26 is shown in a detailed longitudinal section. He has a design that not only allows the wing 23 to be rotated about the upright axis 24-24, but also supports the wing 23 for tilt opening about the lower, horizontal axis 25-25.

The upper hinge fitting forming the swivel joint 27, on the other hand, is part of the opening device 28, which holds, supports and guides the wing 23 both in the closed position and during the swivel opening and tilt opening.

Both joint fittings, that is to say corner joint 26 and swivel joint 27, are designed as steering lever gears which have largely identical kinematics. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that each steering lever transmission has a supporting link 45, which via a joint 46 - according to FIG a ball joint 46 - at its rear end rests on a mounting rail 47 which is rigidly attached to the circumferential surface of the fixed frame 22.

The steering lever gearbox also has a main link 49 mounted on the rebate circumferential surface of the wing 23, for example inserted into a stepped profile groove 48 running parallel to its main plane, which is coupled to the supporting link 45 by two connecting links 50 and 51. In this case, the connecting link 50 is arranged on the supporting link 45 exclusively via a pivot pin 52, while it acts on the main link 49 via a link pin 53, also exclusively pivotable.

The connecting link 51 is also held exclusively on the supporting link 45 in a pivotable manner by means of a pivot pin 54, while it only acts pivotably on the main link 49 with a pivot pin 55. Both connecting links 50 and 51 have the same length between their hinge pins 52, 53 and 54, 55 and are arranged so that they form a parallelogram steering lever mechanism with the supporting link 45 and the main link 49.

A control arm 56, which rigidly engages one of the two connecting links 50 and 51, preferably on the connecting link 51, is used for the compulsory movement control of each joint fitting (corner joint 26 or swivel joint 27) formed by a parallelogram steering lever transmission. On the other hand, it can be moved via a sliding pin 57 in a slot guide 58 which extends parallel to the main plane of the fixed frame 22 and can be arranged in an extension of the screw-on plate 47.

During the opening and closing movement of the wing 23 about the vertical axis 24-24, a control of the joint fittings (corner joint 26 and pivot joint 27) is brought about with the help of the control arm 56, in such a way that over an opening angle of the wing 23 of at least 90 ° at no time the wing flap 23a with the room side End face 22a of the fixed frame 22 can collide. Only when the wing 23 comes to rest in the closed position on the fixed frame 22 does the wing flap 23a rest with its rear surface against the end face 22a of the frame 22 on the room side.

Since with the help of the joint fittings (corner joint 26 and swivel joint 27) forming the parallelogram steering lever mechanism in the closed position of the wing 23, in particular in the area of the vertical axis 24-24, no sufficient sealing contact pressure in the direction against the fixed frame 22 is produced special locking devices are assigned to them. In the area of the upper joint fitting forming the swivel joint 27, this is the coupling 34 and 35 already explained above in connection with the opening device 28.

The locking device in the region of the lower joint joint, which acts as a corner joint or tilt-turn corner bearing 26, on the other hand, preferably has an arrangement, design and mode of operation as is explained in detail in DE-PS 38 34 388.

According to FIG. 2, this locking device 59 consists of a locking slide 60 which is movably guided on the wing 23 parallel to its plane and a locking projection 61 fixed to the fixed frame 22.

The locking slide 60 carries an actuating projection 62 which at least temporarily protrudes into the movement path of a control cam 63 which is seated on the control arm 56 of the parallelogram steering lever mechanism.

The actuating projection 62 on the locking slide 60 and the control cam 63 on the control arm 56 are arranged relative to one another such that when the wing 23 approaches the closing movement of the fixed frame 22, the actuating projection 62 already hits the control cam 63 before the wing 23 assumes its closed position .

Via the pressure curve of the control cam 63, which is designed, for example, as an inclined surface, the actuating projection 62 is then moved in the course of the further closing movement of the wing 23 and, via this, the locking slide 60 is moved in the direction of the locking projection 61 until it engages behind it in a locking manner.

As already indicated schematically in Fig. 1, it also follows from FIGS. 2 to 5 of the drawing that above the joint fitting effective, for example, as a corner joint or tilt-turn corner bearing 26, the upright spar 22b of the fixed frame 22 and the upright spar 23b of the wing 23, the tension member 42 is arranged in such a way that it can develop its effect essentially in the direction of the upright axis 24-24.

The tension member 42 lies in the area of the rebate air between the fixed frame 22 and the wing 23, so that when the wing 23 is in the closed position it is completely concealed between the rebate peripheral surfaces 22c and 23c, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 2. The tension member 42 can be formed by a tension rod made of rigid material. Preferably, however, a cable or cable, in particular made of steel wires, is used as the tension member 42 or a Bowden cable is used.

It is important in any case that the upper end of the tension member 42 is suspended from the peripheral circumferential surface 22c of the fixed frame 22 in the fixed abutment 43, while its lower end engages the abutment 44 which is associated with the circumferential fold surface 23c of the wing 23.

The abutment 44 is preferably arranged on the wing 23 with the smallest possible distance above the lower joint fitting or corner joint 26, the tension member 42 between the two abutments 43 and 44 being kept constantly under tight tension, so that the vertical component of the weight or load is held by it of the wing 23 is received without this can act on the hinge fitting 26 in the direction of the axis 24-24.

It is hereby achieved that the hinge fitting 26 has to absorb only those forces which result from the horizontal component of the weight or load of the wing 23 and are directed normal to the axis 24-24, as in FIGS. 2 to 4 in each case the arrow 63 is indicated.

In the simplest case, the abutments 43 and 44 for the tension member 42 can consist of bolts equipped with transverse bores or fork slots, which are fastened to the fold peripheral surfaces 22c and 23c by a fixed frame 22 and wing 23. The tension member 42 is then inserted into the transverse bores or fork slots thereof, the effective length of which can be appropriately matched and / or adjusted appropriately for the distance between the two abutments 43 and 44. The latter can be made possible in that the tension member 42 is equipped with support stops 64 and 65, of which at least one, for example the support stop 65, forms a clamping sleeve which can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the tension member 42 and can be fixed on the latter in any displacement position. At least one of the support stops 64 and 65 of the tension member 42 could also be made infinitely adjustable in its effective length by using suitable screw members.

However, it would also be possible according to FIGS. 1 to 5 to switch on spring elements between one of the abutments 43 and 44 and the tension member 42, the pretensioning force of which change as necessary and thus - within certain limits - adjust or adjust to the respective weight of the wing 23 leaves.

2 to 5 of the drawing it can be seen that the tension member 42 also comes into different operative positions at different relative positions of the wing 23 to the fixed frame 22, but in this case certainly fulfills the function intended for it.

The change in position of the tension member 42 between its abutments 43 resulting from each movement of the wing 23 to the fixed frame 22 and 44 can be easily mastered. If the tension member 42 consists of a rigid material, then it only needs to have gimbal or spherical connections to the abutments 43 and 44 for this purpose. However, if the tension member 42 is designed to be bendable (rope, cable, Bowden cable), then it can easily follow the displacement movements of the wing 23 relative to the fixed frame 22.

As a tension member 42 made of rigid material, a tension rod can be used, the ends of which engage by means of cardanic or spherical connecting links on the fixed frame 22 and on the wing 23, specifically on the abutments 43 and 44 suitably designed for this purpose.

However, at least one twistable flat strip material, in particular spring steel strip, can also be used as the tension member 42.

Such a ribbon material has the advantage that it can have a relatively large width with a relatively small thickness, which width is basically limited by the width of the folded peripheral surfaces of the fixed frame 22 and the wing 23. It has proven particularly useful if the flat strip material or the spring steel strip is used with a width which corresponds to sixteen to twenty times its thickness.

In the latter case, it has also proven to be advantageous if the flat band material of the tension member 42 with the wing 23 lying in the closed position on the fixed frame 22 over its entire length with its broad side at least approximately parallel to the fold peripheral surfaces or transversely to the main planes of fixed frame 22 and wing 23 is aligned so that it requires little installation space in the closed position and when tilting the wing 23, while when turning the wing 23 about its upright axis 24-24 - over an angle of about 90 degrees - on Torsion is claimed.

Even if the tension member 42 consists of a rigid tension rod or a twistable flat strip material, it is possible to design its effective length between the abutments 43 and 44 to be infinitely adjustable, for example with the aid of screw members.

In FIG. 6 of the drawing, a window or a door 121 can be seen which comprises a fixed frame 122 and a wing 123. The wing 123 is arranged in the fixed frame 122 either movably about a laterally perpendicular axis 124-124 in a rotational opening position or about a lower horizontal axis 125-125 in a tilt opening position.

For this purpose, the wing 123 is supported on the fixed frame 122 at the intersection of the two hinge axes 124-124 and 125-125 by a corner joint or a tilt and turn corner bearing 126. In addition, a swivel joint 127 and an opening device 128 are located at the top between the wing 123 and the fixed frame, while a tilt lock 129 is provided on the lower corner of the wing 123 and the fixed frame 122 on the lock side.

A drive rod fitting 131, which can be adjusted via an operating handle 130, is accommodated in the wing 123 in such a way that, on the one hand, locking and unlocking of the wing 123 in the closed position on the fixed frame 122 can be effected by means of locking cams 132 and associated locking engagements 133. On the other hand, the connecting rod fitting 131 is also designed so that it can be used to engage and disengage both a coupling 134, 135 between the wing 123 and the opening device 128 and the tilt lock 129. Both in the closed switching position and in the rotary opening switching position of the connecting rod fitting 131, the coupling 134, 135 is located between the wing 123 and the opening device 128 in its engagement position. In the tilt opening position of the connecting rod fitting 131, however, the clutch 134, 135 is disengaged. The Tilt lock 129 is in the disengaged position when the espagnolette fitting 131 assumes its closed switch position and its rotary open switch position while it is engaged in the tilt open switch position.

The opening device 128 is designed as a so-called supporting opening device - according to the elliptical link principle - i. that is, it is suitable for holding the weight of the wing 123 in the closed and in the rotary opening switch position of the connecting rod fitting 131 and for introducing it into the upper, frame-side pivot joint 127. For this purpose, the opening device 128 has an opening arm 136 which is pivotally held in the frame-side swivel joint 127 and which at its other end engages in a sliding guide 138, which can pivot and also slide longitudinally, via a collar bolt 137, which extends essentially parallel to the upper edge of the wing 123. In addition, the opening device 128 has an additional arm 139, which on the one hand is articulated only pivotably on the wing 123 via a pivot pin 140, but on the other hand, also exclusively pivotable, is connected to the opening arm 136 via a pivot pin 141.

The opening device 128 is designed in its kinematics so that when the wing 123 is tilted open it keeps the upper wing spar aligned parallel to the upper spar of the fixed frame 122 in any possible tilting position. The hinge fittings 126 and 127 are completely concealed in the air space between the folds of sash 123 and fixed frame 122. Joint fittings based on the so-called cross-scissors principle, such as that described in either US Pat. No. 1,864,164 or US Pat. No. 3, can be used to form the corner joint or tilt-swivel corner bearing 126 and the swivel joint 127 722 142 can be seen as known.

To relieve the corner joint or turn-tilt corner bearing 126 from the vertical component of the weight or load of the wing 123, a tension member 142 is used in the window or in the door 121. It is there effective in the direction of the vertical hinge axis 124-124 and for this purpose hung with its upper end on a fixed abutment 143 of the fixed frame 122, while its lower end engages an abutment 144 that sits on the wing 123. The tension member 142 with its abutments 143 and 144 is installed above, but still in the immediate vicinity of the lower corner joint or tilt-turn corner bearing 126 between the wing 123 and the fixed frame 122, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 6.

The arrangement, design and mode of operation of the tension member 142 according to FIG. 6 result from FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 of the drawing, which show a window or a door 121, in which or which the wing 123 on the fixed frame 122 is completely covered hinge fittings lying between the horizontal folds, namely the corner joint 126 and the swivel joint 127 according to FIG. 6, is suspended.

7 to 9 of the drawing, only the corner joint or tilt and turn corner bearing 126 can be seen, because in connection with the tension member 142 it is all about the special design of the wing-side joint part 145 of this corner joint or tilt and turn corner bearing 126.

It can be seen from FIG. 7 that the wing-side joint part 145 has the shape of an angle piece with two legs 146 and 147 directed at right angles to one another. The wing-side hinge part 145 is inserted with its angle legs 146 and 147 into a stepped profile groove 148 of the rebate peripheral surface 149 of the wing 133 so that its outside is flush with the rebate peripheral surface 149.

The upright angle leg 147 of the wing fitting part 145 has a hook projection 150 projecting over the folded peripheral surface of the upright wing spar with an angle slot 151 which is open at the side at its lower end. The hook shoulder 150 is separated from one another by two parallel to the wing plane and by a spacing gap 150c separate hook parts 150a and 150b formed, which can be clearly seen in Fig. 8.

The tension member 142 is provided at its lower end with a block-shaped thickening 152, preferably in the form of a cylindrical or spherical body, in which the tension member 142 is either firmly or releasably anchored. The firm anchoring can take place, for example, in that the block-shaped thickening 152 is cast or pressed with the tension member 142. For the releasable connection, however, the tension member 142 can be inserted into a diametrical bore of the block-shaped thickening 152 and subsequently fixed therein by tightening a clamping screw.

Due to the sideways opening of the angle slot 151, the tension member 142 with its block-shaped thickening 152 can be brought into coupling engagement with the hook extension 150 by simultaneously inserting the tension member 142 from the side into the spacing gap 150c between the two hook parts 150a and 150b (FIG . 8th). The block-shaped thickening 152 fits snugly in the upper end region of the angle slot 151 against the flanks of the hook parts 150a and 150b of the hook attachment 150, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 7. The hook extension 150 thus forms the wing-side abutment 144 according to FIG. 6.

So that the tension member 142 can be easily coupled to the wing fitting part 145, but not uncoupled again without a certain additional manipulation, the angled slot 151 in the hook attachment 150 is assigned a nose-like narrowing projection 153 in the region of its sideways opening or immediately above it. This narrowing projection 153 is preferably formed by a spring tongue 154 or a snap catch, which or which is provided on or in the angle leg 147 of the wing fitting part 145, as clearly shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 of the drawing. When the block-shaped thickening 152 of the tension member 142 is inserted into the angled slot 151, the spring tongue 154 or the snap catch elastically deflects and thereby gives the upper end region of the hook slot 151 free for the entry of the block-shaped thickening 152. If this is then inserted into the hook extension 150, the spring tongue 154 or the snap catch automatically returns to its or its blocking position and engages under the block-shaped thickening 152 while simultaneously narrowing the cross section in the hook slot 151. Only by manually pushing back the spring tongue or of the catch, the block-shaped thickening 152 of the tension member 142 can now be released again for the purpose of unhooking.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9, the narrowing projection 153 is located at the free end of the one lever arm of a two-armed lever 155, which is pivotably mounted about an axis 156 in the upright angle leg 147 of the wing fitting part 145. The free end of the other lever arm of this two-armed lever 155 carries an actuating cam 157, which is pivoted into the area of the upper end of the angle slot 151, provided that the constriction projection 153 is outside the angle slot 151. If the tension member 142 with its block-shaped thickening 152 is now inserted into the angle slot 151 of the hook extension 150, then the block-shaped thickening 152 hits the actuating or starting cam 157 at the top and displaces it from the area of the angle slot 151 on the hook extension 150. This then results the constriction protrusion 153 below the block-shaped thickening 152 in the angular slot 151 and narrows its cross-section so that the thickening 152 can no longer escape therefrom easily. It should also be mentioned here that the two-armed lever 155 is inserted into the wing fitting part 145 in such a way that it can move in the region of the spacing gap 150c between the two hook parts 150a and 150b.

Claims (12)

1. A window or door (21) having a turn-tilt moving member (panel) (23) mounted by pivot devices (26, 27) on the fixed frame (22) on or rear a vertical boundary edge, characterised by a pull member (42) which is secured to the panel (23) near the pivot devices (26, 27), is fixed to the fixed frame (22) against the weight or load of the panel (23) and is fitted between the panel (23) and the frame (22) above but near the bottom corner pivot (26).

2. A window or door according to claim 1, characterised in that the pull member (42) is suspended (43) at its top end on the fixed frame (22) and is connected (44) at its bottom end to the panel (23).

3. A window or door according to claim 1 and/or 2, characterised in that the pull member (42) is continuously in tension.

4. A window or door according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the pull member (42) is a rope or a cable or a Bowden cable.

5. A window or door according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the pull member (42) is concealed in the air gap between the rebate (23a) in the panel (23) and the rebate (22a) in the frame (22).

6. A window or door according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pull member (42) is longitudinally adjustable.

7. A window or door according to any of claims 1 to 3 and 5 and 6, characterised in that the pull member (42) is in the form of a rigid pull rod having cardan or ball connections to the bearings (43, 44).

8. A window or door according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pull member (42) experiences an opposing force relatively to the bearing (43) disposed on the fixed frame (22), the opposing force being, for example, a counterweight which balances the panel weight or a correspondingly biased spring.

9. A window or door according to any of claims 1 to 5 and 8, characterised in that on the fixed frame (22) the pull member (42) extends around the stationary bearing (43), for example, by means of a roller, and is tensioned by the opposing force, for example, the counterweight.

10. A window or door according to any of claims 1 to 3 and 5 and 6, characterised in that the pull member (42) is made of at least one twistable flat strip material, more particularly spring steel strip and, with advantage, has a width corresponding to a multiple of its thickness, for example, to approximately 16 to 20 times such thickness, it being convenient if, when the panel (23) is in engagement with the fixed frame (22) in the closed position, the flat strip material of the pull member (42) extends over its whole length with its wide side at least substantially parallel to the rebate peripheral surfaces or transversely to the main planes of the fixed frame (22) and of the panel (23).

11. A window or door (121) according to any of claims 1 to 6 and 8 and 9, characterised in that the panel-associated pivot part (145) has a hook projection (150) which projects cantilever-fashion beyond the boundary surface (rebate peripheral surface 149) of the vertical panel member and which is formed with an angular slot (151) open laterally at its bottom end, the hook projection (150) has two hook parts (150a and 150b) which are parallel to the panel ylane and separated frown one another by a gap (150c), and the pull member (142) has at its bottom end a block-like thickening (152) whose cross-sectionaldimension is adapted to the width of the angular slot (151), the gap (150c) being adapted to receive the pull member (142), the block-like thickening (152) preferably being in the form of a cylindrical or spherical member in which the pull member (42) is fixedly or releasably secured, while the panel-associated pivot part (145) is, conveniently, an angle member engageable by way of its two angle arms (146 and 147) near the panel corner in a stepped groove (148) in the rebate peripheral surface (149) of the panel (133).

12. A window or door according to claim 1, characterised in that a beak-like restricting projection (153) is associated with the hook projection slot (151) near or immediately above the laterally directed aperture, the latter projection (153) being either in the form of a resilient tongue (154) or of a spring latch or being disposed at the free end of a first arm of a two-armed lever (155) mounted for pivoting around a pivot (156) in the panel-associated pivot part (145) and carrying at the free end of its other arm an actuating or striker cam (157) adapted to be pivoted into the angular slot (151) alternately with the projection (153).

Images