EP0379685B1 - Method and device for the tensionless transportation of web-like products - Google Patents

Method and device for the tensionless transportation of web-like products Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0379685B1
EP0379685B1 EP89122505A EP89122505A EP0379685B1 EP 0379685 B1 EP0379685 B1 EP 0379685B1 EP 89122505 A EP89122505 A EP 89122505A EP 89122505 A EP89122505 A EP 89122505A EP 0379685 B1 EP0379685 B1 EP 0379685B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
product
deflection
flow
flow means
nozzles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89122505A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0379685A2 (en
EP0379685A3 (en
Inventor
André Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KOB GmbH
Original Assignee
Bandfabrik Breitenbach AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bandfabrik Breitenbach AG filed Critical Bandfabrik Breitenbach AG
Priority to AT89122505T priority Critical patent/ATE78451T1/en
Publication of EP0379685A2 publication Critical patent/EP0379685A2/en
Publication of EP0379685A3 publication Critical patent/EP0379685A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0379685B1 publication Critical patent/EP0379685B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H23/00Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
    • B65H23/04Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
    • B65H23/24Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by fluid action, e.g. to retard the running web
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2406/00Means using fluid
    • B65H2406/10Means using fluid made only for exhausting gaseous medium
    • B65H2406/11Means using fluid made only for exhausting gaseous medium producing fluidised bed
    • B65H2406/111Means using fluid made only for exhausting gaseous medium producing fluidised bed for handling material along a curved path, e.g. fluidised turning bar

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for low-warpage transport of band-shaped products, such as textile, plastic or paper tapes or threads or cords in a meandering manner through a treatment zone, the products being fed to and removed from the zone and within the zone at the Surface of at least one deflecting body is deflected from the inlet side to the outlet side.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.
  • the product to be transported is passed through a treatment zone - for example a drying zone or a dyeing zone or an impregnation zone - in a meandering manner.
  • a treatment zone - for example a drying zone or a dyeing zone or an impregnation zone - in a meandering manner.
  • the product to be transported is guided over an easily rotatable roller.
  • This roller can be equipped with its own rotary drive, but is usually without its own rotary drive and must therefore be carried along by the product to be transported.
  • a transport drive for the product is provided in some form on the output side of the treatment zone at least when the deflecting rollers do not have their own drive within the treatment zone.
  • This drive for the product can be a reel, for example. With the help of this reel mentioned, the product can be pulled through the treatment zone, for example.
  • the deflection rollers within the treatment zone are stationary except for one deflection roller.
  • the non-stationary deflection roller then works in a known manner as so-called.
  • Dancer roller which is to prevent excessive tension in the product to be transported. If, for example, the reel on the output side winds up too quickly, the dancer roller moves from its original position to a position that corresponds to a shorter length of the product within the treatment zone.
  • This direction of movement is maintained up to a predetermined point at which a switch is made, for example, via a limit switch.
  • a switch for example, via a limit switch.
  • the reel on the output side can be set slower or the refeed on the input side can be set faster.
  • the dancer roller reverses again in the opposite direction until it has also reached the switching point arranged there and has carried out a corresponding switching.
  • the reel on the output side or the supply device on the input side can then be switched in the reverse manner to that just described.
  • GB-A-93 7392 discloses a method for transporting band-shaped products in a meandering manner through a treatment zone, the products being fed to and removed from the zone and within the zone on the surface of at least one deflector from the zone Inlet side to the outlet side are diverted.
  • the product in the region of the deflecting body is flown with a predominantly radially directed component by the fluid that exits through the deflecting body, which is broken through for this purpose, and is thereby carried.
  • opposite currents ensure that a pressure cushion is formed by the fluid in the deflection area itself between the surface of the deflection body and the underside of the product, as a result of which a relatively great tension is still brought into the product.
  • the fluid inlet on the outlet side of the deflection area ensures a flow of the fluid against the direction of transport, so that the tensile forces applied elsewhere for transporting the product must in turn be relatively large, which additionally and undesirably brings tension into the product.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a method of the type described at the outset, with which a transport of such a product through a treatment zone is made possible in comparison with the current state of the art reduced tensile stress and thus significantly reduced warpage of the product.
  • This object is achieved in that at least from the inlet side between the product and the surface of each deflecting body, at least approximately in the direction of transport, a flow medium is introduced with a flow velocity that corresponds at least to the desired inlet velocity.
  • a cushion of the flow medium is created at each deflection point between the surface of a deflection body and the surface of the product to be transported that is facing it, on which the product to be transported can slide or float almost frictionlessly.
  • the speed of the fluid ensures that the product is transported by the flowing fluid.
  • deflection rollers which have to be driven or have to be dragged along, are completely superfluous.
  • the deflecting body can stand still and be rigid.
  • a dancer roller can also be dispensed with entirely.
  • the product to be transported hovers, so to speak, on the fluid and is transported by the flowing fluid. This process can be further supported if such a fluid is additionally introduced between the product and the discharge level, such as a baffle with a suitable flow rate. Because of the low friction to the fluid, the product to be transported can even be subjected to a shrinking process within the treatment zone, without the tensile stresses caused by the transport device being transferred to the product as a result.
  • the delivery speed of the product no longer has to be adapted to a drive device arranged on the output side. It will always be without any significant tension on the product just as much transported as is delivered on the input side. If the delivery speed is slowed down on the input side, this has no appreciable effect on the tensile stresses that occur in the product during transport.
  • the transport speed of the product can be influenced via the flow speed of the fluid. In addition to the flow velocity of the fluid, this transport speed depends on the surface properties of the product and the density of the fluid. The transport speed of the product will always be lower than the flow speed of the fluid. By influencing the flow rate of the fluid, a desired transport speed of the product can therefore be easily set. However, due to the low friction at the deflection points due to the fluid padding, the product can also be externally - e.g. can be pulled through the treatment zone with one reel, since the necessary tensile forces are extremely low.
  • the fluid may be advantageous to supply the fluid over the entire width of the product.
  • a zone-wise supply of the flow medium distributed over the width or even a supply of the flow medium only in the central region or only in the two outer regions is sufficient.
  • the fluid can be supplied quite generally in the form of a large number of individual jets with, for example, a circular or other cross section. However, it can also be introduced across the entire width or in zones as a flat jet. This makes it possible to support the product over the entire width or to support it in zones.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved in a device containing at least one deflecting body with a surface on which the product to be transported is deflected and moves during transport from an inlet side after deflection to the outlet side, in that each deflecting body has at least one Means which become effective on the inlet side for introducing pressurized fluid are assigned at least in the inlet direction and below the product.
  • fluid for example compressed air
  • the product in the area of the surface of the deflecting body can be held in suspension, so to speak, and can thus be moved almost smoothly relative to the surface of the deflecting body, and on the other hand, the product can be transported by the fluid due to the flowing mass of the fluid. It is therefore no longer necessary to pull the product through the treatment zone with a relatively large force, and it is also not necessary for the product to move the deflection bodies previously required in the form of rollers with the associated mass to be accelerated. Rather, the product to be transported is now transported through the treatment zone on a fluid cushion. Since this happens almost without friction and no other masses have to be moved by the product, the tractive force to be applied by the fluid for this purpose is negligible. This means that the product can pass through the treatment zone almost without distortion be transported through.
  • the means for introducing the fluid advantageously contain at least one nozzle for the fluid, which is arranged at a distance from the point of the beginning deflection of the product on the deflecting body. It is oriented in such a way that it targets the point of the beginning deflection mentioned.
  • This can be, for example, a flat jet nozzle.
  • nozzle groups can also be provided, several of which are arranged distributed over the entire width of the goods to be transported.
  • nozzles of different cross-sectional shape and different cross-sectional area size can be provided in a row. It can also make sense to control these nozzles differently, that is to say to charge them with different pressures or media with different densities or with different flow media at all. However, all the nozzles can also be acted on together and operated from a common fluid source. The latter can be achieved particularly easily by means of a square tube, in which nozzles in the form of bores are located in a side wall just below an adjacent wall.
  • the product can be influenced in different ways during transport. For example, with a flat jet it is possible to transport a very sensitive, thin and homogeneous cross-sectional fabric as a product with almost no distortion. This can also be achieved with a sequence of individual nozzles arranged over the entire width of the product to be transported. The sequence of individual nozzles can also be introduced very easily in the form of bores in the square tube just described. This is a particularly simple structure. But it is also possible to use these individual To feed nozzles individually or in groups with fluid and to influence the fluid. Such an influence can lie in the choice of the fluid pressure, the fluid density or the fluid composition and the fluid temperature.
  • the product to be transported can be influenced in a variety of ways. Not only can it be transported almost without distortion, but it can also be treated, for example impregnated or dried, at the same time. However, it is also possible to transport a product with a non-homogeneous cross section with a correspondingly low warpage due to the arrangement described. So it is quite possible that a product has a one-sided thickened edge area. This thickened edge area has to be illuminated, for example, with a higher flow rate, so that here, too, an almost distortion-free transport is possible and this edge area does not shift relatively in relation to the remaining width area of the product.
  • the deflecting body can be bent from thin sheet metal, for example. This is a simple and material-saving way of producing this deflecting body.
  • the deflecting body must be at a suitable distance from the outlet openings of the nozzles and therefore has at least on this side in its surface an approximately straight extension piece which is guided directly under the nozzle outlet openings. In this way, a not too steep inlet of the product to be transported to the deflection point is achieved. At the same time, the fluid is guided in a kind of nozzle between the underside of the product and the outer surface of the extension piece.
  • the deflection radius of the deflection body can be, for example, approximately 10 millimeters be.
  • the entire device can therefore be kept relatively small in terms of the design of the deflecting body and the nozzles.
  • the deflecting body can allow deflection by at least 180 ° and can therefore be approximately semicircular in cross section.
  • the individual deflection stations can be individually influenced via a control of the fluid supplied to the respective station, for example to make it possible to adapt the transport speed sensitively to shrinkages or elongations of the product to be transported within the treatment zone. But of course all deflection stations can also be operated centrally. When the individual deflection stations are loaded individually, the associated control can take place automatically and, depending on e.g. controlled by the movement speed of the product measured on site.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a treatment zone 2 arranged in a housing 33.
  • the housing 33 has a first deflection station 34 for the product 1 on the inside on the inlet side in the area of the housing 33 facing away from the inlet side.
  • the product 1 is deflected and, in the illustration according to FIG. 1, is guided vertically down to the lower end of the housing 33 to a further deflection station 35 and from there in turn upwards to the next deflection station 36 and again meandering downwards to a further deflection station 37 and from there, finally up again to the last deflection station 38 and from there then to the exit and thus out of the treatment zone 2.
  • the inlet and outlet of the housing 33 delimiting the treatment zone are on the same side.
  • this is not mandatory. Due to the arrangement of the deflection stations 34 to 38 mentioned and shown in FIG. 1, the product 1 is meandered through the treatment zone 2 of the housing 33, so that on the one hand a sufficient amount of the product can be accommodated in the relatively small treatment zone 2 and this product on the other hand a good one must travel a long way in the treatment zone 2, as a result of which a sufficient residence time of the product in the treatment zone 2 is achieved with a relatively high transport speed of the product 1 at the same time.
  • baffles 49 to 52 are arranged in the housing, which separate the individual meandering sections.
  • a device 39 to 42 for detecting the transport speed of the Product 1 may be arranged on each guide plate 49 to 52.
  • Said devices 39 to 42 are connected via lines 53 to 56 to control device 48, which detects the incoming data and processes them according to a predetermined program into control pulses with which quantity control devices 43 to 47 are controlled and set.
  • the control device 48 is connected via lines 57 to 61 to the quantity control devices 43 to 47.
  • the quantity control devices 43 to 47 themselves are connected to the deflection stations 34 to 38 via connecting pipes 28 to 32.
  • the quantity control devices 43 to 47 are supplied with fluid via a central tube 62 from a fluid source 19 designed as a pump.
  • the fluid source 19 has an input silencer 63 on the input side, with which the intake smoke can be damped.
  • each deflection station 34 to 38 is designed as a square tube 20 which extends, for example, transversely from one side wall of the housing 33 to the opposite side wall.
  • the side wall 21 facing away from the inlet side in each case has nozzles 15 and 16 (FIG. 5) distributed over the entire width 9 of the product 1, but can also just as well have only nozzles 15 which also have less than the width 9 (FIG. 4).
  • nozzles 15 are provided in zone 12, between which there is a certain distance without nozzles. It is also possible to provide nozzles in two rows with one another (FIG. 5), wherein these nozzles can also have different cross-sectional shapes and different large exit areas.
  • the nozzles 15 and 16 or the corresponding openings or bores are just below that on the side wall 21 adjacent wall 22 arranged. Below the nozzle openings at a short distance from it, a web is provided at right angles to the side wall 21 on the square tube 20.
  • all nozzles 15 and 16 are jointly supplied with fluid from the inside of the square tube, which is connected to the connecting tubes 28 to 32 for this purpose. According to the illustration in FIG.
  • the connecting tubes 28 to 32 are connected to the side wall of the square tube 20 opposite the side wall 21.
  • a connection is not mandatory.
  • the square tube could also be left completely open here.
  • the front end is then formed by the unspecified side walls of the housing 33, each side wall having an opening for the connection of the connecting tubes 28 to 32 at the corresponding point, whereby the fluid can be introduced into the interior of the respective square tube 20.
  • the actual deflecting body 4 is formed from a metal sheet as an extended end of the guide plates 49 to 52.
  • One end of these guide plates 49 to 52 can be bent semicircularly with a radius of, for example, 10 millimeters by at least 180 °, the bent end being the actual deflecting body 4 or 5 forms and is guided with an extension piece 24 or 25 against the end face of the side wall 21 above the web 27 but below the nozzle openings of the nozzles 15 and 16.
  • the extension piece 24 additionally has a slight inclination 26, while the extension piece 25 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 runs parallel to the web 27.
  • the dimensions are such that the square tube 20 can rest with its underside on the guide plate 49 to 52 and the extension piece 24 or 25, which is returned by the deflection, rests firmly on the upper side of the web 27. In this position, the parts mentioned can be firmly connected to one another in any way.
  • a sufficiently large distance 17 must be provided between the end face of the side wall 21 and the point 18 of the beginning deflection, which is then bridged by the respective extension piece 24 or 25.
  • the distance 17 must not be too small, because otherwise there is not a sufficiently good match between the beam direction and the transport direction 8 in the inlet area. If the distance 17 is too large, an undesirable reduction in the flow velocity and an undesirable swirling and lateral expansion of the fluid occur.
  • the transport speed of the product can be influenced by changing the flow rate of the fluid and / or by changing the mass flow rate of the fluid. Such influencing can be carried out at any deflection station independently of any other deflection station. This allows a very individual adaptation to the particular requirements of the product. It can be seen immediately, for example, that if the product shrinks due to the treatment in the treatment zone, less product has to be led out of the treatment zone in terms of length than is fed into it. But this means that a transport speed adjustment must take place within the treatment zone if one does not want to cause undesirable tensile stresses in the product. Since the shrinkage process is known in such a case, the progressive reduction in speed in terms of its scalar amount is also known.
  • the input speed can therefore first be set at the deflection station 34 by appropriate setting of the quantity control device 43, detected by the speed detection device 39 and reported to the control device 48 via the line 53.
  • the speed detection device 40 which reports its data via the line 54 to the control device 48, can then be used to determine whether the quantity of product 1 that is introduced is actually being transported further by the deflection station 34 in the transport direction 8. If necessary. readjustment of the deflection station 34 must take place by appropriately setting the quantity control device 43.
  • the speed detection devices 41 and 42 which report their measurement data via lines 55 and 56 to the control device 48, are progressively being used to check whether the same transport speed is present at each deflection station in order to ensure this is that the amount of incoming product 1 is also discharged again and no jam occurs within the treatment zone.
  • the product 1 shrinks within the treatment zone, there are progressively lower speeds of the product in the transport direction 8, which can be monitored with the devices 41 and 42.
  • the devices 41 and 42 then supply the necessary data for the control device 48, with which the latter can set the quantity control devices 44 to 47 analogously via the lines 58 to 61.
  • FIG. 2A shows a device which corresponds in its essential structure to FIG. 2.
  • the corresponding description can therefore be referred to here.
  • 2A also shows nozzles 65 on wall 21a opposite wall 21, which may correspond to those in wall 21, but also can be designed differently. They can be supplied together with the nozzles of the wall 21 or can also be supplied by separate means.
  • a web 27a similar to the web 27, is preferably provided here again just below the nozzles 65.
  • the term “below” always means an arrangement such that the nozzles are located between the web 27a (or 27) on the one hand and the wall 22a (or 22) on the other hand.
  • the web 27a serves as a support for a guide plate 67, which forms a discharge plane 66 for the product. In this way, the flowing product 1 can be influenced once again in its movement on this side.
  • the device according to FIG. 6, with which all deflection stations 34 to 38 are now operated, could also be used to operate only one deflection station and there five different nozzles or nozzle groups. This is e.g. then makes sense if the product to be transported does not have a homogeneous structure over the width, but instead has, for example, alternately firmer and looser tissue or has zones of different thicknesses or zones of different surface properties. Other variants in the structure of the product to be transported are also conceivable. It is then sensible for the flow velocity of the fluid and possibly. adapt the composition and density of the fluid itself to the respective zone in order to exert as little delay as possible on the product.

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  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

For the tensionless transportation of a thin web-like product (1) through a treatment zone (2), it is proposed that, with respect to the deflection zones, there be introduced from the inlet side (6) thereof, and at least approximately in the direction of transport (8), between the product (1) and the surface of each deflection body a flow medium having a flow speed corresponding at least to the desired inlet speed. This is to take place using a device which comprises at least one deflection body having a surface at which the product (1) to be transported is deflected and which at the same time moves during transportation from an inlet side (6) to the outlet side (7) after deflection, each deflection body being assigned means which become active on the inlet side for introducing pressurised flow medium in the inlet direction and underneath the product (1). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum verzugsarmen Transport von bandförmigen Erzeugnissen, wie z.B. Textil-, Kunststoff- oder Papierbändern oder Fäden oder Kordeln in mäanderartiger Führung durch eine Behandlungszone hindurch, wobei die Erzeugnisse der Zone zugeführt und von dieser wieder abgeführt und innerhalb der Zone an der Oberfläche mindestens eines Umlenkkörpers von der Einlaufseite zur Auslaufseite hin umgelenkt wird.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiter eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.
The invention relates to a method for low-warpage transport of band-shaped products, such as textile, plastic or paper tapes or threads or cords in a meandering manner through a treatment zone, the products being fed to and removed from the zone and within the zone at the Surface of at least one deflecting body is deflected from the inlet side to the outlet side.
The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.

Das genannte Verfahren sowie Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sind bekannt und haben sich bewährt. Hierbei wird das zu transportierende Erzeugnis durch eine Behandlungszone -beispielsweise eine Trocknungszone oder eine Färbezone oder eine Imprägnierzone- in mäanderartiger Führung hindurchgeführt. An den jeweiligen Umlenkstellen wird hierbei das zu transportierende Erzeugnis über eine leicht drehbar gelagerte Walze geführt. Diese Walze kann mit einem eigenen Drehantrieb ausgestattet sein, ist jedoch in der Regel ohne eigenen Drehantrieb und muß daher vom zu transportierenden Erzeugnis mitgeschleppt werden.The aforementioned method and devices for carrying out the method are known and have proven themselves. Here, the product to be transported is passed through a treatment zone - for example a drying zone or a dyeing zone or an impregnation zone - in a meandering manner. At the respective deflection points, the product to be transported is guided over an easily rotatable roller. This roller can be equipped with its own rotary drive, but is usually without its own rotary drive and must therefore be carried along by the product to be transported.

Um das zu transportierende Erzeugnis durch die Behandlungszone hindurchzutransportieren, ist ausgangsseitig der Behandlungszone in irgendeiner Form ein Transportantrieb für das Erzeugnis mindestens dann vorgesehen, wenn die Umlenkwalzen innerhalb der Behandlungszone keinen eigenen Antrieb aufweisen. Dieser Antrieb für das Erzeugnis kann beispielsweise ein Haspel sein. Mit Hilfe dieses erwähnten Haspels kann beispielsweise das Erzeugnis durch die Behandlungszone hindurchgezogen werden. Die Umlenkwalzen innerhalb der Behandlungszone sind hierbei bis auf eine Umlenkwalze ortsfest. Die nicht ortsfeste Umlenkwalze arbeitet dann in bekannter Weise als sogen. Tänzerwalze, wodurch eine zu große Zuspannung im zu transportierenden Erzeugnis verhindert werden soll. Wenn beispielsweise der ausgangsseitige Haspel zu schnell aufwickelt, dann wandert die Tänzerwalze aus ihrer ursprünglichen Lage aus in eine Lage, die einer kürzeren Länge des Erzeugnisses innerhalb der Behandlungszone entspricht. Diese Bewegungsrichtung wird beibehalten bis zu einem vorgegebenen Punkt, an dem beispielsweise über einen Endschalter eine Schaltung erfolgt. Mittels dieser Schaltung kann der ausgangsseitige Haspel langsamer oder die eingangsseitige Nachförderung schneller gestellt werden. Hierdurch kehrt die Tänzerwalze wieder in die entgegengesetzte Richtung um, bis sie auch den dort angeordneten Schaltpunkt erreicht und eine entsprechende Schaltung vorgenommen hat. Der ausgangsseitige Haspel oder die eingangsseitige Nachliefereinrichtung kann dann in der zu eben beschriebener Weise umgekehrter Weise geschaltet werden.In order to transport the product to be transported through the treatment zone, a transport drive for the product is provided in some form on the output side of the treatment zone at least when the deflecting rollers do not have their own drive within the treatment zone. This drive for the product can be a reel, for example. With the help of this reel mentioned, the product can be pulled through the treatment zone, for example. The deflection rollers within the treatment zone are stationary except for one deflection roller. The non-stationary deflection roller then works in a known manner as so-called. Dancer roller, which is to prevent excessive tension in the product to be transported. If, for example, the reel on the output side winds up too quickly, the dancer roller moves from its original position to a position that corresponds to a shorter length of the product within the treatment zone. This direction of movement is maintained up to a predetermined point at which a switch is made, for example, via a limit switch. By means of this circuit, the reel on the output side can be set slower or the refeed on the input side can be set faster. As a result, the dancer roller reverses again in the opposite direction until it has also reached the switching point arranged there and has carried out a corresponding switching. The reel on the output side or the supply device on the input side can then be switched in the reverse manner to that just described.

Obwohl sich die beschriebenen Einrichtungen seit vielen Jahrzehnten durchaus bewährt haben, haben sie doch den Nachteil, daß sie relativ große Zugspannungen in dem zu transportierenden Erzeugnis erzwingen. Es muß nämlich die Tänzerwalze bewegt werden, wozu Kraft erforderlich ist, die eine Zugspannung erzeugt und es müssen die einzelnen Umlenkwalzen mitgeschleppt werden, was ebenfalls Kraft erfordert und damit Zugspannung erzeugt. Soweit die einzelnen Umlenkwalzen über Einzelantriebe verfügen, müssen Synchronisationsfehler ausgeglichen werden, die ebenfalls Zugspannung erzeugen. Selbst die Reibung in den Lagern der Umlenkwalzen erzeugt unerwünschte Zugspannung, die mit der Anzahl der Umlenkwalzem steigt. Sehr viele der bandförmigen zu transportierenden Erzeugnisse aber werden durch solche an sich unerwünschten Zugspannungen in ihrer Qualität verschlechtert, was bis heute mangels anderer Transportmöglichkeiten innerhalb der genannten Behandlungszonen hingenommen werden muß.Although the devices described have proven themselves for many decades, they have the disadvantage that they force relatively large tensile stresses in the product to be transported. This is because the dancer roller has to be moved, which requires force that generates a tensile stress and the individual deflection rollers have to be dragged along, which also requires force and thus generates tensile stress. If the individual deflection rollers have individual drives, synchronization errors must also be compensated for, which also generate tensile stress. Even the friction in the bearings of the guide rollers creates undesirable tensile stress, which increases with the number of guide rollers. However, very many of the band-shaped products to be transported are deteriorated in their quality by such undesirable tensile stresses, which up to now has to be accepted due to the lack of other transport options within the treatment zones mentioned.

Mit der GB-A-93 7392 ist ein Verfahren zum Transport von bandförmigen Erzeugnissen in meanderartiger Führung durch eine Behandlungszone hindurch bekannt geworden, wobei die Erzeugnisse der Zone zugeführt und von dieser wieder abgeführt werden und innerhalb der Zone an der Oberfläche mindestens eines Umlenkköprers von der Einlaufseite zur Auslaufseite hin umgelenkt werden. Bei diesem Verfahren wird jedoch das Erzeugnis im Bereich des Umlenkkörpers vom Strömungsmittel, das durch den hierzu durchbrochenen Umlenkkörper austritt, mit einer überwiegend radial gerichteten Komponente angeströmt und hierdurch getragen. An den beiden Enden des Umlenkbereiches einlaufseitig und auslaufseitig sorgen jeweils entgegengerichtete Strömungen dafür, daß im Umlenkbereich selbst zwischen der Oberfläche des Umlenkkörpers und der Unterseite des Erzeugnisses ein Druckpolster vom Strömungsmittel gebildet wird, wodurch immer noch eine relativ große Spannung in das Erzeugnis hineingebracht wird. Der Strömungsmitteleinlaß an der Auslaufseite des Umlenkbereiches sorgt für eine Strömung des Strömungsmittels entgegen der Transportrichtung, so daß die an anderer Stelle aufgebrachten Zugkräfte zum Transportieren des Erzeugnissses wiederum relativ groß sein müssen, wodurch zusätzlich und unerwünschterweise Spannung in das Erzeugnis hineingebracht wird.GB-A-93 7392 discloses a method for transporting band-shaped products in a meandering manner through a treatment zone, the products being fed to and removed from the zone and within the zone on the surface of at least one deflector from the zone Inlet side to the outlet side are diverted. In this method, however, the product in the region of the deflecting body is flown with a predominantly radially directed component by the fluid that exits through the deflecting body, which is broken through for this purpose, and is thereby carried. At the two ends of the deflection area on the inlet side and outlet side, opposite currents ensure that a pressure cushion is formed by the fluid in the deflection area itself between the surface of the deflection body and the underside of the product, as a result of which a relatively great tension is still brought into the product. The fluid inlet on the outlet side of the deflection area ensures a flow of the fluid against the direction of transport, so that the tensile forces applied elsewhere for transporting the product must in turn be relatively large, which additionally and undesirably brings tension into the product.

Bei einem Umlenkkörper nach der DE-A-2752574 liegt ebenfalls ein vielfach durchbrochener Umlenkkörper vor, bei dem das Strömungsmittel notwendigerweise eine starke Radialkomponente aufweist. Entgegengerichtete Strömungen sind jedoch vermieden.In the case of a deflecting body according to DE-A-2752574, there is also a deflecting body which is perforated many times and in which the fluid necessarily has a strong radial component. Opposing currents are avoided.

Der Erfindung liegt damit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art vorzuschlagen, mit dem ein Transport eines solchen Erzeugnisses durch eine Behandlungszone hindurch ermöglicht wird bei gegenüber dem heutigen Stand der Technik ganz erheblich verringerter Zugspannung und damit mit erheblich verringertem Verzug des Erzeugnisses.The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a method of the type described at the outset, with which a transport of such a product through a treatment zone is made possible in comparison with the current state of the art reduced tensile stress and thus significantly reduced warpage of the product.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens von der Einlaufseite her zwischen Erzeugnis und Oberfläche jedes Umlenkkörpers wenigstens angenähert in Transportrichtung ein Strömungsmedium mit einer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, die mindestens der gewünschten Einlaufgeschwindigkeit entspricht, eingeführt wird. Hierdurch wird an jeder Umlenkstelle zwischen der Oberfläche eines Umlenkkörpers und der dieser zugewandten Oberfläche des zu transportierenden Erzeugnisses ein Polster des Strömungsmediums geschaffen, auf dem das zu transportierende Erzeugnis nahezu reibungsfrei gleiten oder schweben kann. Darüber hinaus sorgt die Geschwindigkeit des Strömungsmittels dafür, daß das Erzeugnis durch das strömende Strömungsmittel transportiert wird. Hierdurch werden Umlenkwalzen, die angetrieben werden müssen oder mitgeschleppt werden müssen, völlig überflüssig. Der Umlenkkörper kann stillstehen und starr sein. Er muß lediglich eine glatte Fläche geeigneter Krümmung für die Umlenkung aufweisen, wobei der Krümmungsradius jedoch in sehr weiten Bereichen variieren kann. Soweit eine Mehrfachumlenkung in der Behandlungszone erfolgt, kann auch eine Tänzerwalze völlig entfallen. Das zu transportierende Erzeugnis schwebt sozusagen auf dem Strömungsmittel und wird von dem strömenden Strömungsmittel transportiert. Dieser Vorgang kann noch unterstützt werden, wenn zusätzlich ein solches Strömungsmittel zwischen Erzeugnis und Abfuhrebene, wie z.B. einem Leitblech mit einer geeigneten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit eingeführt wird. Wegen der geringen Reibung zum Strömungsmittel kann das zu transportierende Erzeugnis sogar innerhalb der Behandlungszone einem Schrumpfungsprozeß unterworfen werden, ohne daß hierdurch transporteinrichtungsbedingte Zugspannungen auf das Erzeugnis übertragen würden. Ausgangsseitig muß keine Einrichtung mehr vorgesehen sein, die das Erzeugnis durch die Behandlungszone hindurchzieht. Dieser Transport wird vom strömenden Strömungsmittel selbst besorgt. Eingangsseitig muß die Zuliefergeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses nicht mehr angepaßt werden an eine ausgangsseitig angeordnete Antriebseinrichtung. Es wird, ohne daß nennenswerte Zugspannungen auf das Erzeugnis ausgeübt würden, immer gerade soviel weiter transportiert wie eingangsseitig zugeliefert wird. Wenn die Zuliefergeschwindigkeit eingangsseitig gebremst wird, so hat diese keine nennenswerte Auswirkung auf die im Erzeugnis durch den Transport auftretenden Zugspannungen.This object is achieved in that at least from the inlet side between the product and the surface of each deflecting body, at least approximately in the direction of transport, a flow medium is introduced with a flow velocity that corresponds at least to the desired inlet velocity. As a result, a cushion of the flow medium is created at each deflection point between the surface of a deflection body and the surface of the product to be transported that is facing it, on which the product to be transported can slide or float almost frictionlessly. In addition, the speed of the fluid ensures that the product is transported by the flowing fluid. As a result, deflection rollers, which have to be driven or have to be dragged along, are completely superfluous. The deflecting body can stand still and be rigid. It only has to have a smooth surface of suitable curvature for the deflection, although the radius of curvature can vary within very wide ranges. If there is multiple deflection in the treatment zone, a dancer roller can also be dispensed with entirely. The product to be transported hovers, so to speak, on the fluid and is transported by the flowing fluid. This process can be further supported if such a fluid is additionally introduced between the product and the discharge level, such as a baffle with a suitable flow rate. Because of the low friction to the fluid, the product to be transported can even be subjected to a shrinking process within the treatment zone, without the tensile stresses caused by the transport device being transferred to the product as a result. On the output side, there is no longer any need to provide a device which pulls the product through the treatment zone. This transport is done by the flowing fluid itself. On the input side, the delivery speed of the product no longer has to be adapted to a drive device arranged on the output side. It will always be without any significant tension on the product just as much transported as is delivered on the input side. If the delivery speed is slowed down on the input side, this has no appreciable effect on the tensile stresses that occur in the product during transport.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens können den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 16 entnommen werden. Hierdurch gelingt es beispielsweise durch Variation der Dichte des Strömungsmittels eine Anpassung an die Dichte des Umgebungsmediums in der Behandlungszone zu erreichen und es kann auch die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses in Relation zur Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Strömungsmittels beeinflußt werden. Hierbei kann entweder in Übereinstimmung oder auch in Kontrast zum Umgebungsmedium in der Behandlungszone das Strömungsmittel gasförmig oder flüssig sein. Natürlich können dem Strömungsmittel auch Behandlungsmittel zur Behandlung des Erzeugnisses zugesetzt sein. Auch könnte das Strömungsmittel beheizt oder gekühlt sein. Hierdurch lassen sich jeweils unterschiedliche Einflüsse auf das Erzeugnis ausüben. Sehr häufig jedoch ist es sinnvoll, daß Strömungsmittel und Umgebungsmedium im wesentlichen gleiche Zusammensetzung aufweisen. Hierdurch tritt keine Vermischung auf, die eine spätere Entmischung erforderlich macht. Soweit mehrfach umgelenkt wird ist es auch denkbar, an einzelnen Umlenkkörpern oder fortschreitend an allen Umlenkkörpern das Strömungsmittel mit unterschiedlichen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten austreten zu lassen oder aber, oder auch zusätzlich, Strömungsmittel unterschiedlicher Dichte zu verwenden. Hierdurch kann bestimmten Eigenschaften des Erzeugnisses Rechnung getragen werden. So ist es beispielsweise notwendig dann, wenn sich das Erzeugnis innerhalb der Behandlungszone z.B. infolge der Behandlung längt, mit fortschreitender Behandlung die Transportgeschwindigkeit zu erhöhen um die größer werdende Länge des Erzeugnisses abzuführen. Es kann jedoch auch der umgekehrte Fall eintreten. Besonders vorteilhaft ist jedoch eine möglichst weitgehende Vermeidung von Strömung radial zum Erzeugnis, weil hierdurch wieder Verzug erzeugt würde.Further advantageous refinements of the method according to the invention can be found in subclaims 2 to 16. This makes it possible, for example, to adapt to the density of the surrounding medium in the treatment zone by varying the density of the fluid, and the transport speed of the product in relation to the flow velocity of the fluid can also be influenced. Here, the fluid can be gaseous or liquid, either in agreement or in contrast to the surrounding medium in the treatment zone. Of course, treatment agents for treating the product can also be added to the fluid. The fluid could also be heated or cooled. In this way, different influences can be exerted on the product. However, it very often makes sense for the fluid and ambient medium to have essentially the same composition. As a result, there is no mixing that requires subsequent separation. To the extent that it is deflected several times, it is also conceivable to let the fluid emerge at different flow velocities on individual deflecting bodies or progressively on all deflecting bodies, or else, or additionally, to use fluid of different densities. In this way, certain properties of the product can be taken into account. For example, if the product lengthens within the treatment zone, for example as a result of the treatment, it is necessary to increase the transport speed as the treatment progresses in order to dissipate the increasing length of the product. However, the reverse can also happen. However, it is particularly advantageous to avoid flow as far as possible radially to the product, because this would cause distortion again.

Über die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Strömungsmittels ist die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses beeinflußbar. Diese Transportgeschwindigkeit hängt außer von der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Strömungsmittels von der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit des Erzeugnisses und der Dichte des Strömungsmittels ab. Die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses wird immer geringer sein als die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Strömungsmittels. Durch Beeinflussung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Strömungsmittels läßt sich daher eine gewünschte Transportgeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses problemlos einstellen. Wegen der durch die Strömungsmittelpolsterung geringen Reibung an den Umlenkstellen kann jedoch das Erzeugnis auch von außen -z.B. mit einem Haspel- durch die Behandlungszone hindurchgezogen werden, da hierfür die notwendigen Zugkräfte äußerst gering sind.The transport speed of the product can be influenced via the flow speed of the fluid. In addition to the flow velocity of the fluid, this transport speed depends on the surface properties of the product and the density of the fluid. The transport speed of the product will always be lower than the flow speed of the fluid. By influencing the flow rate of the fluid, a desired transport speed of the product can therefore be easily set. However, due to the low friction at the deflection points due to the fluid padding, the product can also be externally - e.g. can be pulled through the treatment zone with one reel, since the necessary tensile forces are extremely low.

Je nach Beschaffenheit des Erzeugnisses kann es günstig sein, das Strömungsmittel über die gesamte Breite des Erzeugnisses zuzuführen. Bei dichterer Struktur des Erzeugnisses, wie z.B. bei Papierbahnen, genügt auch eine über die Breite verteilte zonenweise Zuführung des Strömungsmediums oder gar eine Zuführung des Strömungsmediums nur im Mittelbereich oder nur in den beiden Außenbereichen. Auch kann es vorteilhaft sein, die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des zugeführten Strömungsmittels über die Breite des zu transportierenden Erzeugnisses unterschiedlich zu wählen und hierbei, beispielsweise im mittleren Bereich der Breite eine höhere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zu erzeugen als in den Randbereichen oder umgekehrt. Mit erhöhter Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in den Randbereichen kann beispielsweise ein seitliches Abströmen des Strömungsmittels aus dem mittleren Bereich vermindert werden, so daß eine hieraus eventl. resultierende unerwünschte Verteilung der Kräfte, die vom Strömungsmittel auf das Erzeugnis ausgeübt würden, verhindert werden kann. Es kann aber umgekehrt auch durchaus erwünscht sein, im mittleren Bereich eine höhere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit als in den Randbereichen einzustellen dann, wenn das Erzeugnis z.B. als Doppelband mit einem mittleren Transportstreifen anderer Zusammensetzung versehen ist, so daß der Transport mittels des Strömungsmittels hauptsächlich über den mittleren Streifen durchgeführt wird, während das sich seitlich beidseitig anschließende Erzeugnis durch das jeweils seitlich langsamer fließende Strömungsmittel mitgetragen werden soll, um ein seitliches Zurückbleiben dieses Bereiches gegenüber dem Mittelstreifen zu verhindern. Hierbei kann das Strömungsmittel ganz allgemein in Form einer Vielzahl von Einzelstrahlen mit beispielsweise kreisrundem oder sonstigem Querschnitt zugeführt werden. Es kann aber auch über die gesamte Breite oder zonenweise als Flachstrahl eingebracht werden. Hierdurch wird es möglich das Erzeugnis über die gesamte Breite zu unerstützen oder zonenweise zu unterstützen.Depending on the nature of the product, it may be advantageous to supply the fluid over the entire width of the product. In the case of a denser structure of the product, for example in the case of paper webs, a zone-wise supply of the flow medium distributed over the width or even a supply of the flow medium only in the central region or only in the two outer regions is sufficient. It can also be advantageous to choose the flow velocity of the supplied fluid differently across the width of the product to be transported and to generate a higher flow velocity in the central region of the width than in the edge regions or vice versa. With increased flow velocity in the edge areas, for example, a lateral outflow of the fluid from the central area can be reduced, so that a possible eventual flow. resulting undesirable distribution of the forces that would be exerted by the fluid on the product can be prevented. Conversely, it may also be quite desirable to set a higher flow velocity in the central region than in the peripheral regions if, for example, the product is provided as a double belt with a central transport strip of a different composition, so that the transport by means of the fluid is carried out mainly over the central strip is, while the product adjoining laterally on both sides is to be carried along by the laterally slower flowing fluid in order to prevent this region from remaining laterally with respect to the median strip. Here, the fluid can be supplied quite generally in the form of a large number of individual jets with, for example, a circular or other cross section. However, it can also be introduced across the entire width or in zones as a flat jet. This makes it possible to support the product over the entire width or to support it in zones.

Vorrichtungsmäßig ist die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe bei einer Vorrichtung, enthaltend mindestens einen Umlenkkörper mit einer Oberfläche, an der das zu transportierende Erzeugnis umgelenkt wird und sich hierbei während des Transportes von einer Einlaufseite nach Umlenkung zur Auslaufseite bewegt, dadurch gelöst, daß jedem Umlenkkörper mindestens einlaufseitig wirksam werdende Mittel zur Einführung von unter Druck stehendem Strömungsmittel mindestens in Einlaufrichtung und unterhalb des Erzeugnisses zugeordnet sind. Hierdurch wird es möglich, zwischen der Unterseite des Erzeugnisses und der äußeren Oberfläche des Umlenkkörpers z.B. in Einlaufrichtung Strömungsmittel, beispielsweise Druckluft, einzuführen. Hierdurch kann einerseits das Erzeugnis im Bereich der Oberfläche des Umlenkkörpers sozusagen in der Schwebe gehalten werden und damit nahezu reibungslos gegenüber der Oberfläche des Umlenkkörpers verschoben werden und es kann andererseits aufgrund der strömenden Masse des Strömungsmittels das Erzeugnis vom Strömungsmittel zusätzlich transportiert werden. Es muß daher das Erzeugnis nicht mehr durch die Behandlungszone mit einer relativ großen Kraft hindurchgezogen werden und es müssen auch nicht vom Erzeugnis hierbei die in Form von Walzen bisher nötigen Umlenkkörper mit der zugehörigen zu beschleunigenden Masse bewegt werden. Vielmehr wird nunmehr das zu transportierende Erzeugnis auf einem Strömungsmittelpolster durch die Behandlungszone hindurch transportiert. Da dies nahezu reibungsfrei geschieht und auch vom Erzeugnis keinerlei sonstige Massen bewegt werden müssen, ist die hierfür vom Strömungsmittel aufzubringende Zugkraft vernachlässigbar gering. Damit kann das Erzeugnis so gut wie verzugsfrei durch die Behandlungszone hindurch transportiert werden.In terms of the device, the object on which the invention is based is achieved in a device containing at least one deflecting body with a surface on which the product to be transported is deflected and moves during transport from an inlet side after deflection to the outlet side, in that each deflecting body has at least one Means which become effective on the inlet side for introducing pressurized fluid are assigned at least in the inlet direction and below the product. This makes it possible to introduce fluid, for example compressed air, between the underside of the product and the outer surface of the deflecting body, for example in the inlet direction. In this way, on the one hand, the product in the area of the surface of the deflecting body can be held in suspension, so to speak, and can thus be moved almost smoothly relative to the surface of the deflecting body, and on the other hand, the product can be transported by the fluid due to the flowing mass of the fluid. It is therefore no longer necessary to pull the product through the treatment zone with a relatively large force, and it is also not necessary for the product to move the deflection bodies previously required in the form of rollers with the associated mass to be accelerated. Rather, the product to be transported is now transported through the treatment zone on a fluid cushion. Since this happens almost without friction and no other masses have to be moved by the product, the tractive force to be applied by the fluid for this purpose is negligible. This means that the product can pass through the treatment zone almost without distortion be transported through.

Die Mittel zur Einführung des Strömungsmittels enthalten vorteilhafterweise mindestens eine Düse für das Strömungsmittel, die in einem Abstand vom Punkt der beginnenden Umlenkung des Erzeugnisses am Umlenkkörper angeordnet ist. Sie ist hierbei so ausgerichtet, daß sie etwa auf den genannten Punkt der beginnenden Umlenkung zielt. Hierbei kann es sich bei der einen Düse beispielsweise um eine Flachstrahldüse handeln. Es können aber ebensogut Düsengruppen vorgesehen sein, von denen mehrere über die gesamte Breite des zu transportierenden Gutes verteilt angeordnet sind. Es ist aber auch möglich, nur eine einzige Düsengruppe, die die gesamte Breite des zu transportierenden Erzeugnisses umfaßt, vorzusehen. Sinnvollerweise sind hierbei diese Düsen in Richtung der Breite des Erzeugnisses auf einer Linie angeordnet, die vorzugsweise eine Gerade ist. Auch können zwei solcher Düsenreihen untereinander vorgesehen sein. Hierbei können in einer Reihe Düsen unterschiedlicher Querschnittsform und unterschiedlicher Querschnittsflächengröße vorgesehen sein. Auch kann es sinnvoll sein, diese Düsen unterschiedlich anzusteuern, also mit unterschiedlichen Drücken oder unterschiedlich dichten Medien oder überhaupt unterschiedlichen Strömungsmedien zu beschicken. Es können aber auch sämtliche Düsen gemeinsam beaufschlagt und von einer gemeinsamen Strömungsmittelquelle bedient werden. Letzteres läßt sich besonders einfach bewirken durch ein Vierkantrohr, bei dem sich Düsen in Form von Bohrungen in einer Seitenwand dicht unterhalb einer angrenzenden Wand befinden.The means for introducing the fluid advantageously contain at least one nozzle for the fluid, which is arranged at a distance from the point of the beginning deflection of the product on the deflecting body. It is oriented in such a way that it targets the point of the beginning deflection mentioned. This can be, for example, a flat jet nozzle. However, nozzle groups can also be provided, several of which are arranged distributed over the entire width of the goods to be transported. However, it is also possible to provide only a single nozzle group which covers the entire width of the product to be transported. It makes sense to arrange these nozzles in the direction of the width of the product on a line, which is preferably a straight line. Two such rows of nozzles can also be provided one below the other. Here, nozzles of different cross-sectional shape and different cross-sectional area size can be provided in a row. It can also make sense to control these nozzles differently, that is to say to charge them with different pressures or media with different densities or with different flow media at all. However, all the nozzles can also be acted on together and operated from a common fluid source. The latter can be achieved particularly easily by means of a square tube, in which nozzles in the form of bores are located in a side wall just below an adjacent wall.

Mit den verschiedenen Düsenformen und Düsenanordnungen läßt sich auf unterschiedliche Weise Einfluß auf das Erzeugnis während des Transportes nehmen. So ist es beispielsweise problemlos möglich mit einem Flachstrahl ein sehr empfindliches dünnes und in seinem Querschnittsaufbau homogenes Gewebe als Erzeugnis nahezu verzugsfrei zu transportieren. Dies läßt sich auch erreichen mit einer über die gesamte Breite des zu transportierenden Erzeugnisses angeordneten Folge einzelner Düsen. Die Folge einzelner Düsen läßt sich auch sehr leicht in Form von Bohrungen in das eben beschriebene Vierkantrohr einbringen. Dies ist ein besonders einfacher Aufbau. Es ist aber auch möglich, diese einzelnen Düsen einzeln oder gruppenweise mit Strömungsmittel zu beschicken und hierbei Einfluß auf das Strömungsmittel zu nehmen. Ein solcher Einfluß kann in der Wahl des Strömungsmitteldruckes, der Strömungsmitteldichte oder der Strömungsmittelzusammensetzung sowie der Strömungsmitteltemperatur liegen. Hierdurch kann auf vielfältige Weise auf das zu transportierende Erzeugnis Einfluß genommen werden. Es kann nicht nur nahezu verzugsfrei transportiert werden, sondern es kann beispielsweise auch gleichzeitig behandelt, z.B. imprägniert oder getrocknet, werden. Es ist aber auch möglich durch die beschriebene Anordnung ein Erzeugnis mit nichthomogenem Querschnitt entsprechend verzugsarm zu transportieren. So ist es ja durchaus möglich, daß ein Erzeugnis einen einseitigen verdickten Randbereich aufweist. Dieser verdickte Randbereich muß beispielsweise mit höherer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit angestrahlt werden, damit auch hier ein nahezu verzugsfreier Transport möglich wird und sich nicht dieser Randbereich gegenüber dem übrigen Breitenbereich des Erzeugnisses relativ verschiebt.With the different nozzle shapes and nozzle arrangements, the product can be influenced in different ways during transport. For example, with a flat jet it is possible to transport a very sensitive, thin and homogeneous cross-sectional fabric as a product with almost no distortion. This can also be achieved with a sequence of individual nozzles arranged over the entire width of the product to be transported. The sequence of individual nozzles can also be introduced very easily in the form of bores in the square tube just described. This is a particularly simple structure. But it is also possible to use these individual To feed nozzles individually or in groups with fluid and to influence the fluid. Such an influence can lie in the choice of the fluid pressure, the fluid density or the fluid composition and the fluid temperature. In this way, the product to be transported can be influenced in a variety of ways. Not only can it be transported almost without distortion, but it can also be treated, for example impregnated or dried, at the same time. However, it is also possible to transport a product with a non-homogeneous cross section with a correspondingly low warpage due to the arrangement described. So it is quite possible that a product has a one-sided thickened edge area. This thickened edge area has to be illuminated, for example, with a higher flow rate, so that here, too, an almost distortion-free transport is possible and this edge area does not shift relatively in relation to the remaining width area of the product.

Der Umlenkkörper kann beispielsweise aus dünnem Blech gebogen sein. Dies ist eine einfache und materialsparende Herstellungsart für diesen Umlenkkörper. Der Umlenkkörper muß einen geeigneten Abstand zu den Austrittsöffnungen der Düsen aufweisen und weist daher mindestens an dieser Seite in seiner Oberfläche ein etwa geradlinieg verlaufendes Verlängerungsstück auf, das bis unmittelbar unter die Düsensaustrittsöffnungen geführt ist. Hierdurch wird ein nicht zu steiler Einlauf des zu transportierenden Erzeugnisses zum Umlenkpunkt hin erreicht. Gleichzeitig wird hierdurch das Strömungsmittel in einer Art Düse zwischen der Unterseite des Erzeugnisses und der äußeren Oberfläche des Verlängerungsstückes entlang geführt. Hierbei kann es bei elastischen Bandagen als zu transportierendes Erzeugnis besonders vorteilhaft sein, diesem Verlängerungsstück eine zusätzliche Neigung zur schnelleren Verengung des eben beschriebenen Düsenkanals zu geben, weil hierdurch der Punkt der ersten Umlenkung höher gelegt werden kann und damit eine bessere Übereinstimmung zwischen Strahlrichtung des Strömungsmittels und Transportrichtung des Erzeugnisses auf der Einlaufseite erreicht wird. Bei solchem Material des zu transportierenden Erzeugnisses kann der Umlenkradius des Umlenkkörpers beispielsweise ca. 10 Millimeter betragen. Die gesamte Vorrichtung kann daher relativ klein hinsichtlich der Gestaltung der Umlenkkörper und der Düsen gehalten werden. Hierbei kann der Umlenkkörper eine Umlenkung um mindestens 180° ermöglichen und daher im Querschnitt etwa halbkreisförmig ausgebildet sein.The deflecting body can be bent from thin sheet metal, for example. This is a simple and material-saving way of producing this deflecting body. The deflecting body must be at a suitable distance from the outlet openings of the nozzles and therefore has at least on this side in its surface an approximately straight extension piece which is guided directly under the nozzle outlet openings. In this way, a not too steep inlet of the product to be transported to the deflection point is achieved. At the same time, the fluid is guided in a kind of nozzle between the underside of the product and the outer surface of the extension piece. Here, with elastic bandages as the product to be transported, it can be particularly advantageous to give this extension piece an additional tendency for the narrowing of the nozzle channel just described, because this allows the point of the first deflection to be set higher and thus a better match between the jet direction of the fluid and Direction of transport of the product is reached on the inlet side. With such material of the product to be transported, the deflection radius of the deflection body can be, for example, approximately 10 millimeters be. The entire device can therefore be kept relatively small in terms of the design of the deflecting body and the nozzles. In this case, the deflecting body can allow deflection by at least 180 ° and can therefore be approximately semicircular in cross section.

Es kann besonders günstig sein, wenn mindestens die einzelnen Umlenkstationen über eine Steuerung des an der jeweiligen Station zugeführten Strömungsmittels einzeln beeinflußbar sind, um beispielsweise eine feinfühlige Anspassung der Transportgeschwindigkeit an Schrumpfungen oder Längungen des zu transportierenden Erzeugnisses innerhalb der Behandlungszone möglich zu machen. Aber natürlich können auch sämtliche Umlenkstationen zentral beaufschlagt werden. Bei einer Einzelbeaufschlagung der einzelnen Umlenkstationen kann die zugehörige Steuerung automatisch erfolgen und von einer CPU in Abhängigkeit z.B. von der vor Ort gemessenen Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses kontrolliert werden.It can be particularly favorable if at least the individual deflection stations can be individually influenced via a control of the fluid supplied to the respective station, for example to make it possible to adapt the transport speed sensitively to shrinkages or elongations of the product to be transported within the treatment zone. But of course all deflection stations can also be operated centrally. When the individual deflection stations are loaded individually, the associated control can take place automatically and, depending on e.g. controlled by the movement speed of the product measured on site.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung soll nun anhand verschiedener Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden.An embodiment of the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to various drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 Längsschnitt durch eine in einem Gehäuse angeordnete Behandlungszone
  • Figur 2 Querschnitt I-I nach Figur 4 oder II-II nach Figur 5
  • Figur 2A Schnitt wie Figur 2, jedoch mit rückseitiger Düsenreihe
  • Figur 3 Querschnitt wie Figur 2, jedoch mit geneigtem Abstandstück
  • Figur 4 Schnitt III-III nach Figur 2 oder IV-IV nach Figur 3
  • Figur 5 Schnitt wie Figur 4, jedoch mit Schlitzdüsen
  • Figur 6 Düsensteuerschema
Show it:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through a treatment zone arranged in a housing
  • Figure 2 cross section II of Figure 4 or II-II of Figure 5
  • Figure 2A Section like Figure 2, but with the rear row of nozzles
  • Figure 3 cross section as Figure 2, but with an inclined spacer
  • Figure 4 Section III-III of Figure 2 or IV-IV of Figure 3
  • Figure 5 section like Figure 4, but with slot nozzles
  • Figure 6 Nozzle control scheme

Figur 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine in einem Gehäuse 33 angeordnete Behandlungszone 2. Das Gehäuse 33 weist innen einlaufseitig in dem von der Einlaufseite abgewandten Bereich des Gehäuses 33 eine erste Umlenkstation 34 für das Erzeugnis 1 auf. An dieser Umlenkstation 34 wird das Erzeugnis 1 umgelenkt und in der Darstellung nach Figur 1 vertikal abwärts bis zum unteren Ende des Gehäuses 33 zu einer weiteren Umlenkstation 35 geführt und von dort wiederum aufwärts zur nächsten Umlenkstation 36 und wiederum mäanderförmig abwärts zu einer weiteren Umlenkstation 37 und von dort schließlich wiederum aufwärts zur letzten Umlenkstation 38 und von dort dann zum Ausgang und damit aus der Behandlungszone 2 hinaus. Es ist zu ersehen, daß bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel Eingang und Ausgang des die Behandlungszone begrenzenden Gehäuses 33 auf der gleichen Seite liegen. Dies ist jedoch nicht zwingend. Durch die genannte und in Figur 1 dargestellte Anordnung der Umlenkstationen 34 bis 38 wird das Erzeugnis 1 mäanderförmig durch die Behandlungszone 2 des Gehäuses 33 hindurchgeführt, so daß einerseits eine genügende Menge des Erzeugnisses in der relativ kleinen Behandlungszone 2 unterbringbar ist und dieses Erzeugnis andererseits einen recht langen Weg in der Behandlungszone 2 zurücklegen muß, wodurch eine ausreichende Verweildauer des Erzeugnisses in der Behandlungszone 2 erzielt wird, bei gleichzeitig relativ hoher Transportgeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses 1.FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a treatment zone 2 arranged in a housing 33. The housing 33 has a first deflection station 34 for the product 1 on the inside on the inlet side in the area of the housing 33 facing away from the inlet side. At this deflection station 34, the product 1 is deflected and, in the illustration according to FIG. 1, is guided vertically down to the lower end of the housing 33 to a further deflection station 35 and from there in turn upwards to the next deflection station 36 and again meandering downwards to a further deflection station 37 and from there, finally up again to the last deflection station 38 and from there then to the exit and thus out of the treatment zone 2. It can be seen that in this exemplary embodiment the inlet and outlet of the housing 33 delimiting the treatment zone are on the same side. However, this is not mandatory. Due to the arrangement of the deflection stations 34 to 38 mentioned and shown in FIG. 1, the product 1 is meandered through the treatment zone 2 of the housing 33, so that on the one hand a sufficient amount of the product can be accommodated in the relatively small treatment zone 2 and this product on the other hand a good one must travel a long way in the treatment zone 2, as a result of which a sufficient residence time of the product in the treatment zone 2 is achieved with a relatively high transport speed of the product 1 at the same time.

Zwischen den mäanderförmigen Umlenkungen sind im Gehäuse 33 Leitbleche 49 bis 52 angeordnet, die die einzelnen mäanderförmigen Abschnitte voneinander trennen. An jedem Leitblech 49 bis 52 kann eine Einrichtung 39 bis 42 zur Erfassung der Transportgeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses 1 angeordnet sein. Hierdurch wird an bestimmten geeigneten Stellen die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses 1 überwacht, die ja an verschiedenen Stellen durchaus unterschiedlich sein kann. Die genannten Einrichtungen 39 bis 42 sind über Leitungen 53 bis 56 mit der Steuereinrichtung 48 verbunden, die die ankommenden Daten erfaßt und nach einem vorgegebenen Programm zu Steuerimpulsen verarbeitet, mit denen Mengenregeleinrichtungen 43 bis 47 angesteuert und eingestellt werden. Hierzu ist die Steuereinrichtung 48 über die Leitungen 57 bis 61 mit den Mengenregeleinrichtungen 43 bis 47 verbunden. Die Mengenregeleinrichtungen 43 bis 47 selbst sind über Anschlußrohre 28 bis 32 mit den Umlenkstationen 34 bis 38 verbunden. Hierbei werden die Mengenregeleinrichtungen 43 bis 47 über ein Zentralrohr 62 von einer als Pumpe ausgebildeten Strömungsmittelquelle 19 mit Strömungsmittel versorgt. Die Strömungsmittelquelle 19 weist hierbei eingangsseitig dann, wenn das Strömungsmittel ein gasförmiges Fluid ist, einen Eingangsschalldämpfer 63 auf, mit dem das Ansauggeräuch gedämpft werden kann.Between the meandering deflections 33 baffles 49 to 52 are arranged in the housing, which separate the individual meandering sections. On each guide plate 49 to 52, a device 39 to 42 for detecting the transport speed of the Product 1 may be arranged. As a result, the transport speed of the product 1 is monitored at certain suitable points, which can be quite different at different points. Said devices 39 to 42 are connected via lines 53 to 56 to control device 48, which detects the incoming data and processes them according to a predetermined program into control pulses with which quantity control devices 43 to 47 are controlled and set. For this purpose, the control device 48 is connected via lines 57 to 61 to the quantity control devices 43 to 47. The quantity control devices 43 to 47 themselves are connected to the deflection stations 34 to 38 via connecting pipes 28 to 32. The quantity control devices 43 to 47 are supplied with fluid via a central tube 62 from a fluid source 19 designed as a pump. When the fluid is a gaseous fluid, the fluid source 19 has an input silencer 63 on the input side, with which the intake smoke can be damped.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist jede Umlenkstation 34 bis 38 ausgebildet als Vierkantkrohr 20, das beispielsweis quer von einer Seitenwand des Gehäuses 33 zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenwand verläuft. Die jeweils der Einlaufseite abgewandte Seitenwand 21 weist hierbei über die gesamte Breite 9 des Erzeugnisses 1 verteilt angeordnete Düsen 15 und 16 (Figur 5) auf, kann aber auch ebensogut nur Düsen 15 aufweisen, die auch über weniger als die Breite 9 (Figur 4) verteilt angeordnet sein können, wodurch Zonen 13 erreichbar sind, in denen kein Strömungsmittel abgestrahlt wird und Zonen 10 oder 11, in denen Strömungsmittel aus angepaßten Düsenquerschnitten (Düsen 15 bzw. 16) abgestrahlt wird. Es können auch unterschiedliche Bereiche 10 bzw. 12 vorgesehen sein (Figur 5), wobei in der Zone 12 wiederum mehrere Einzeldüsen 15 vorgesehen sind, zwischen denen ein bestimmter Abstand ohne Düsen vorhanden ist. Es können auch Düsen in zwei Reihen untereinander (Figur 5) vorgesehen sein, wobei diese Düsen jeweils auch unterschiedliche Querschnittsform und unterschiedliche große Austrittsflächen aufweisen können. Die Düsen 15 und 16 bzw. die entsprechenden Öffnungen oder Bohrungen sind dicht unterhalb der an die Seitenwand 21 angrenzenden Wand 22 angeordnet. Unterhalb der Düsenöffnungen mit einem geringen Abstand dazu ist ein Steg rechtwinklig zur Seitenwand 21 am Vierkantrohr 20 vorgesehen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel werden alle Düsen 15 und 16 gemeinsam aus dem Inneren des Vierkantrohres mit Strömungsmittel versorgt, das zu diesem Zweck jeweils mit den Anschlußrohren 28 bis 32 verbunden ist. Nach der Darstellung in Figur 1 sind die Anschlußrohre 28 bis 32 auf der der Seitenwand 21 gegenüberliegenden Seitenwand des Vierkantrohres 20 angeschlossen. Ein solcher Anschluß ist jedoch nicht zwingend. In der Regel ist es vorteilhafter diese Anschlußrohre 28 bis 32 stirnseitig am Vierkantrohr 20 anzuordnen. Es könnte hier auch das Vierkantrohr völlig offen gelassen werden. Der stirnseitige Abschluß wird dann von den nicht näher bezeichneten Seitenwänden des Gehäuses 33 gebildet, wobei jeweils eine Seitenwand an der entsprechenden Stelle eine Öffnung für den Anschluß der Anschlußrohre 28 bis 32 aufweist, wodurch das Strömungsmittel in das Innere des jeweiligen Vierkantrohres 20 eingeleitet werden kann.In the exemplary embodiment shown, each deflection station 34 to 38 is designed as a square tube 20 which extends, for example, transversely from one side wall of the housing 33 to the opposite side wall. The side wall 21 facing away from the inlet side in each case has nozzles 15 and 16 (FIG. 5) distributed over the entire width 9 of the product 1, but can also just as well have only nozzles 15 which also have less than the width 9 (FIG. 4). can be arranged distributed, whereby zones 13 can be reached in which no fluid is emitted and zones 10 or 11 in which fluid is emitted from adapted nozzle cross sections (nozzles 15 and 16). Different areas 10 and 12 can also be provided (FIG. 5), with several individual nozzles 15 being provided in zone 12, between which there is a certain distance without nozzles. It is also possible to provide nozzles in two rows with one another (FIG. 5), wherein these nozzles can also have different cross-sectional shapes and different large exit areas. The nozzles 15 and 16 or the corresponding openings or bores are just below that on the side wall 21 adjacent wall 22 arranged. Below the nozzle openings at a short distance from it, a web is provided at right angles to the side wall 21 on the square tube 20. In the exemplary embodiment, all nozzles 15 and 16 are jointly supplied with fluid from the inside of the square tube, which is connected to the connecting tubes 28 to 32 for this purpose. According to the illustration in FIG. 1, the connecting tubes 28 to 32 are connected to the side wall of the square tube 20 opposite the side wall 21. However, such a connection is not mandatory. As a rule, it is more advantageous to arrange these connecting tubes 28 to 32 on the end face of the square tube 20. The square tube could also be left completely open here. The front end is then formed by the unspecified side walls of the housing 33, each side wall having an opening for the connection of the connecting tubes 28 to 32 at the corresponding point, whereby the fluid can be introduced into the interior of the respective square tube 20.

Der eigentliche Umlenkkörper 4 ist aus einem Metallblech geformt als verlängertes Ende jeweils der Leitbleche 49 bis 52. Ein Ende dieser Leitbleche 49 bis 52 kann hierzu halbkreisförmig mit einem Radius von z.B. 10 Millimetern um mindestens 180° umgebogen sein, wobei das umgebogene Ende den eigentlichen Umlenkkörper 4 bzw. 5 bildet und mit einem Verlängerungsstück 24 bzw. 25 gegen die Stirnseite der Seitenwand 21 oberhalb des Steges 27 aber unterhalb der Düsenöffnungen der Düsen 15 und 16 geführt ist. In der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 weist hierbei das Verlängerungsstück 24 noch zusätzlich eine geringe Neigung 26 auf, während das Verlängerungsstück 25 in der Ausführungsform nach Figur 2 parallel zum Steg 27 verläuft. Die Abmessungen sind hierbei so, daß das Vierkantrohr 20 mit seiner Unterseite am Leitblech 49 bis 52 anliegen kann und hierbei das durch die Umlenkung zurückgeführte Verlängerungsstück 24 bzw. 25 fest auf der Oberseite des Steges 27 aufliegt. In dieser Position können die genannten Teile in beliebiger Weise fest miteinander verbunden werden. Die Oberfläche 23 der Verlängerungsstücke 24 bzw. 25, die von der Oberfläche 3 des eigentlichen Umlenkkörpers 4 bzw. 5 fortgesetzt wird, bildet in dieser Anordnung zusammen mit der Unterseite des Erzeugnisses 1 in Richtung auf den Punkt 18 der beginnenden Umlenkung hin einen enger werdenden Düsenkanal, der den größten Querschnitt in der Austrittsebene 14 aufweist. Um eine allzu rasche Verengung dieses Düsenkanals zu vermeiden, muß zwischen der Stirnseite der Seitenwand 21 und dem Punkt 18 der beginnenden Umlenkung ein ausreichend großer Abstand 17 vorgesehen sein, der dann von dem jeweiligen Verlängerungsstück 24 bzw. 25 überbrückt wird. Der Abstand 17 darf nicht zu klein sein, weil sonst keine genügend gute Übereinstimmung zwischen Strahlrichtung und Transportrichtung 8 im Einlaufbereich besteht. Ist der Abstand 17 zu groß, tritt eine unerwünschte Verminderung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und eine unerwünschte Verwirbelung und seitliche Expansion des Strömungsmittels auf.The actual deflecting body 4 is formed from a metal sheet as an extended end of the guide plates 49 to 52. One end of these guide plates 49 to 52 can be bent semicircularly with a radius of, for example, 10 millimeters by at least 180 °, the bent end being the actual deflecting body 4 or 5 forms and is guided with an extension piece 24 or 25 against the end face of the side wall 21 above the web 27 but below the nozzle openings of the nozzles 15 and 16. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the extension piece 24 additionally has a slight inclination 26, while the extension piece 25 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 runs parallel to the web 27. The dimensions are such that the square tube 20 can rest with its underside on the guide plate 49 to 52 and the extension piece 24 or 25, which is returned by the deflection, rests firmly on the upper side of the web 27. In this position, the parts mentioned can be firmly connected to one another in any way. The surface 23 of the extension pieces 24 and 25, which is continued by the surface 3 of the actual deflecting body 4 and 5, forms in this arrangement together with the underside of the product 1 in the direction at the point 18 of the beginning deflection towards a narrowing nozzle channel, which has the largest cross section in the exit plane 14. In order to avoid a too rapid narrowing of this nozzle channel, a sufficiently large distance 17 must be provided between the end face of the side wall 21 and the point 18 of the beginning deflection, which is then bridged by the respective extension piece 24 or 25. The distance 17 must not be too small, because otherwise there is not a sufficiently good match between the beam direction and the transport direction 8 in the inlet area. If the distance 17 is too large, an undesirable reduction in the flow velocity and an undesirable swirling and lateral expansion of the fluid occur.

Ist nun das Erzeugnis 1 in der in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellten Weise um die Umlenkstationen 34 bis 38 herumgeführt und wird nun das Innere des Vierkantrohres 20 mit Strömungsmittel unter Druck versorgt, so tritt dieses Strömungsmittel aufgrund des Druckes aus den Düsen 15 bzw. 16 aus und strömt in Richtung der Pfeile 64 und schiebt sich am Punkt 18 der beginnenden Umlenkung unter das Erzeugnis 1 und wird hierdurch entlang der gekrümmten Oberfläche 3 des Umlenkkörpers 4 bzw. 5 herumgeführt und bildet damit für das Erzeugnis 1 in diesem Bereich ein Polster. Durch die Strömung wird aber häufig auch gleichzeitig das Erzeugnis 1 in Transportrichtung 8 mitgenommen und von der Einlaufseite 6 her um den Umlenkkörper 4 bzw. 5 nahezu reibungsfrei herum und zur Auslaufseite 7 weiter und dort zur nächsten Umlenkstation oder aus der Behandlungszone 2 herausgeführt. Mit der Veränderung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Strömungsmittels und/oder mit der Veränderung des Massedurchsatzes des Strömungsmittels kann die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Erzeugnisses beeinflußt werden. Eine solche Beeinflussung kann an jeder Umlenkstation unabhängig von jeder anderen Umlenkstation durchgeführt werden. Hierdurch kann eine ganz individuelle Anpassung an die jeweiligen besonderen Anforderungen des Erzeugnisses erfolgen. Es ist beispielsweise sofort einzusehen, daß dann, wenn das Erzeugnis aufgrund der Behandlung in der Behandlungszone schrumpft hinsichtlich der Länge weniger Erzeugnis aus der Behandlungszone herausgeführt werden muß als hineingeführt wird. Dies aber bedeutet, daß innerhalb der Behandlungszone eine Transportgeschwindigkeitsanpassung erfolgen muß, wenn man nicht unerwünschte Zugspannungen im Erzeugnis bewirken will. Da in einem solchen Fall der Schrumpfungsprozeß bekannt ist, ist auch die fortschreitende Geschwindigkeitsverringerung ihres skalaren Betrages nach bekannt. Es kann daher zunächst an der Umlenkstation 34 die Eingangsgeschwindigkeit durch entsprechende Einstellung der Mengenregeleinrichtung 43 eingestellt, von der Geschwindigkeitserfassungseinrichtung 39 erfaßt und über die Leitung 53 an die Steuereinrichtung 48 gemeldet werden. Mit der Geschwindigkeitserfassungseinrichtung 40, die ihre Daten über die Leitung 54 der Steuereinrichtung 48 meldet, kann dann festgestellt werden, ob die Menge Erzeugnis 1, die eingeführt wird auch tatsächlich von der Umlenkstation 34 in Transportrichtung 8 weiter-transportiert wird. Ggfls. muß eine Nachregelung der Umlenkstation 34 durch sinngemäße Einstellung der Mengenregeleinrichtung 43 erfolgen. Wenn keinerlei Schrumpfungsprozeß oder Längungsprozeß in der Behandlungszone 2 erfolgt, so wird fortschreitend mit den Geschwindigkeitserfassungseinrichtungen 41 bzw. 42, die ihre Meßdaten über die Leitungen 55 bzw. 56 der Steuereinrichtung 48 melden, geprüft, ob an jeder Umlenkstation auch gleiche Transportgeschwindigkeit herrscht, damit sichergestellt ist, daß die Menge des einlaufenden Erzeugnisses 1 auch wieder abgeführt wird und nicht innerhalb der Behandlungszone ein Stau auftritt. Schrumpft jedoch das Erzeugnis 1 innerhalb der Behandlungszone, so ergeben sich fortschreitend geringere Geschwindigkeiten des Erzeugnisses in Transportrichtung 8, die mit den Einrichtungen 41 und 42 überwacht werden können. Die Einrichtungen 41 und 42 liefern dann die notwendigen Daten für die Steuereinrichtung 48, mit der diese die Mengenregeleinrichtungen 44 bis 47 über die Leitungen 58 bis 61 sinngemäß einstellen kann. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich weitere Geschwindigkeitskontrollpunkte vorzusehen.If the product 1 is now guided around the deflection stations 34 to 38 in the manner shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the interior of the square tube 20 is now supplied with fluid under pressure, this fluid emerges from the nozzles 15 and 16 due to the pressure and flows in the direction of the arrows 64 and pushes itself at the point 18 of the beginning deflection under the product 1 and is thereby guided along the curved surface 3 of the deflecting body 4 or 5 and thus forms a cushion for the product 1 in this area. Due to the flow, however, the product 1 is also often carried along in the transport direction 8 and from the inlet side 6 around the deflection body 4 or 5 almost without friction and to the outlet side 7 and there to the next deflection station or out of the treatment zone 2. The transport speed of the product can be influenced by changing the flow rate of the fluid and / or by changing the mass flow rate of the fluid. Such influencing can be carried out at any deflection station independently of any other deflection station. This allows a very individual adaptation to the particular requirements of the product. It can be seen immediately, for example, that if the product shrinks due to the treatment in the treatment zone, less product has to be led out of the treatment zone in terms of length than is fed into it. But this means that a transport speed adjustment must take place within the treatment zone if one does not want to cause undesirable tensile stresses in the product. Since the shrinkage process is known in such a case, the progressive reduction in speed in terms of its scalar amount is also known. The input speed can therefore first be set at the deflection station 34 by appropriate setting of the quantity control device 43, detected by the speed detection device 39 and reported to the control device 48 via the line 53. The speed detection device 40, which reports its data via the line 54 to the control device 48, can then be used to determine whether the quantity of product 1 that is introduced is actually being transported further by the deflection station 34 in the transport direction 8. If necessary. readjustment of the deflection station 34 must take place by appropriately setting the quantity control device 43. If there is no shrinking or elongation process in the treatment zone 2, the speed detection devices 41 and 42, which report their measurement data via lines 55 and 56 to the control device 48, are progressively being used to check whether the same transport speed is present at each deflection station in order to ensure this is that the amount of incoming product 1 is also discharged again and no jam occurs within the treatment zone. However, if the product 1 shrinks within the treatment zone, there are progressively lower speeds of the product in the transport direction 8, which can be monitored with the devices 41 and 42. The devices 41 and 42 then supply the necessary data for the control device 48, with which the latter can set the quantity control devices 44 to 47 analogously via the lines 58 to 61. Of course, it is also possible to provide further speed control points.

Die Figur 2A zeigt eine Vorrichtung, wie sie in ihrem wesentlichen Aufbau der Figur 2 entspricht. Auf die entsprechende Beschreibung kann daher hier verwiesen werden. Der Aufbau nach Figur 2A zeigt jedoch zusätzlich auch auf der der Wand 21 gegenüberliegenden Wand 21a Düsen 65, die denen in der Wand 21 entsprechen können, aber auch anders ausgebildet sein können. Sie können zusammen mit den Düsen der Wand 21 versorgt oder auch über separate Mittel versorgt werden. Vorzugsweise ist auch hier wieder dicht unterhalb der Düsen 65 ein Steg 27a, ähnlich dem Steg 27, vorgesehen. Hierbei ist mit dem Begriff "unterhalb" immer eine Anordnung derart gemeint, daß die Düsen sich zwischen Steg 27a (oder 27) einerseits und der Wand 22a (oder 22) andererseits befinden.
Der Steg 27a dient als Auflage für ein Leitblech 67, das eine Abführebene 66 für das Erzeugnis bildet. Hierdurch kann auf dieser Seite das abfließende Erzeugnis 1 noch einmal in seiner Bewegung beeinflußt werden.
FIG. 2A shows a device which corresponds in its essential structure to FIG. 2. The corresponding description can therefore be referred to here. 2A also shows nozzles 65 on wall 21a opposite wall 21, which may correspond to those in wall 21, but also can be designed differently. They can be supplied together with the nozzles of the wall 21 or can also be supplied by separate means. A web 27a, similar to the web 27, is preferably provided here again just below the nozzles 65. Here, the term “below” always means an arrangement such that the nozzles are located between the web 27a (or 27) on the one hand and the wall 22a (or 22) on the other hand.
The web 27a serves as a support for a guide plate 67, which forms a discharge plane 66 for the product. In this way, the flowing product 1 can be influenced once again in its movement on this side.

Die Einrichtung nach Figur 6 mit der jetzt alle Umlenkstationen 34 bis 38 bedient werden, könnte auch benutzt werden um nur eine einzige Umlenkstation und dort fünf unterschiedliche Düsen oder Düsengruppen zu bedienen. Dies ist z.B. dann sinnvoll, wenn das zu transportierende Erzeugnis über die Breite gesehen keine homogene Struktur aufweist, sondern beispielsweise abwechselnd festeres und lockeres Gewebe aufweist oder Zonen unterschiedlicher Dicke aufweist oder Zonen unterschiedlicher Oberflächenbeschaffenheit aufweist. Auch weitere Varianten in der Struktur des zu transportierenden Erzeugnisses sind denkbar. Es ist dann sinnvoll die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Strömungsmittels und ggfls. die Zusammensetzung und Dichte des Strömungsmittels selbst an die jeweilige Zone anzupassen um möglichst wenig Verzug auslösende Einflüsse auf das Erzeugnis auszuüben.The device according to FIG. 6, with which all deflection stations 34 to 38 are now operated, could also be used to operate only one deflection station and there five different nozzles or nozzle groups. This is e.g. then makes sense if the product to be transported does not have a homogeneous structure over the width, but instead has, for example, alternately firmer and looser tissue or has zones of different thicknesses or zones of different surface properties. Other variants in the structure of the product to be transported are also conceivable. It is then sensible for the flow velocity of the fluid and possibly. adapt the composition and density of the fluid itself to the respective zone in order to exert as little delay as possible on the product.

Mit dem Verfahren und der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung wird es erstmals möglich ein solches bandförmiges Erzeugnis nahezu verzugsfrei durch eine Behandlungszone in mäanderartiger Führung hindurchzuführen, weil an den Umlenkstationen Reibkräfte und/oder Schleppkräfte nur in vernachlässigbarem Umfang auftreten.With the method and the device according to the invention it is possible for the first time to pass such a band-shaped product almost without distortion through a treatment zone in a meandering manner, because frictional forces and / or dragging forces only occur to a negligible extent at the deflection stations.

Liste der verwendeten BezugszeichenList of the reference symbols used

  • 1 Erzeugnis1 product
  • 2 Behandlungszone2 treatment zone
  • 3 Oberfläche3 surface
  • 4 Umlenkkörper4 deflectors
  • 5 Umlenkkörper5 deflectors
  • 6 Einlaufseite6 inlet side
  • 7 Auslaufseite7 outlet side
  • 8 Transportrichtung8 Transport direction
  • 9 Breite9 width
  • 10 Zone10 zone
  • 11 Zone11 zone
  • 12 Zone12 zone
  • 13 Zone13 zone
  • 14 Austrittsebene14 exit level
  • 15 Düse15 nozzle
  • 16 Düse16 nozzle
  • 17 Abstand17 distance
  • 18 Punkt der beginnenden Umlenkung18 point of beginning redirection
  • 19 Strömungsmittelquelle19 fluid source
  • 20 Vierkantrohr20 square tube
  • 21 Seitenwand21 side wall
  • 21a Seitenwand21a side wall
  • 22 angrenzende Wand22 adjacent wall
  • 23 Oberfläche23 surface
  • 24 Verlängerungsstück24 extension piece
  • 25 Verlängerungsstück25 extension piece
  • 26 Neigung26 inclination
  • 27 Steg27 footbridge
  • 27a Steg27a footbridge
  • 28 Anschluß28 connection
  • 29 Anschluß29 connection
  • 30 Anschluß30 connection
  • 31 Anschluß31 connection
  • 32 Anschluß32 connection
  • 33 Gehäuse33 housing
  • 34 Umlenkstation34 deflection station
  • 35 Umlenkstation35 deflection station
  • 36 Umlenkstation36 deflection station
  • 37 Umlenkstation37 deflection station
  • 38 Umlenkstation38 deflection station
  • 39 Geschwindigkeitserfassungseinrichtung39 Speed detection device
  • 40 Geschwindigkeitserfassungseinrichtung40 speed detection device
  • 41 Geschwindigkeitserfassungseinrichtung41 Speed detection device
  • 42 Geschwindigkeitserfassungseinrichtung42 Speed detection device
  • 43 Mengenregeleinrichtung43 Quantity control device
  • 44 Mengenregeleinrichtung44 Quantity control device
  • 45 Mengenregeleinrichtung45 flow control device
  • 46 Mengenregeleinrichtung46 Quantity control device
  • 47 Mengenregeleinrichtung47 Quantity control device
  • 48 Steuereinrichtung48 control device
  • 49 Leitblech49 baffle
  • 50 Leitblech50 baffle
  • 51 Leitblech51 baffle
  • 52 Leitblech52 baffle
  • 53 Leitung53 line
  • 54 Leitung54 line
  • 55 Leitung55 line
  • 56 Leitung56 line
  • 57 Leitung57 line
  • 58 Leitung58 line
  • 59 Leitung59 line
  • 60 Leitung60 line
  • 61 Leitung61 line
  • 62 Zentralrohr62 central tube
  • 63 Ansaugschalldämpfer63 Intake silencer
  • 64 Pfeil64 arrow
  • 65 Düsen65 nozzles
  • 66 Abführebene66 discharge level
  • 67 Leitblech67 baffle

Claims (38)

1. Method for the tensionless transportation of web-like products (1) such as textile, plastics or paper webs or threads or cords guided sinuously through a treatment zone (2), wherein the products (1) are supplied to the zone (2) and are removed again therefrom and within the zone (2) are directionally changed in travelling from the input side (6) to the output side (7) at the surface (3) of at least one deflection member (5), characterised in that a flow means having a flow velocity which corresponds at least to the desired input velocity is introduced at least approximately in the direction of transportation (8) between product (1) and surface (3) of each deflection member (4,5) at least from the input side (6) around the outside and above the closed surface of each deflection member (4,5).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the flow means has a density in the treatment zone which is higher than, equal to or less than that of the ambient medium.
3. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the flow means is gaseous.
4. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the flow means is liquid.
5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the ambient medium is gaseous or liquid.
6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that flow means and ambient medium have substantially the same composition.
7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that for individual deflection members (4,5) or all the deflection members a flow velocity is used which is different from that of the other deflection members (4,5).
8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the flow velocity of the flow medium is chosen to be so high that a desired transportation velocity for the product (1) is produced at the associated deflection member (4,5).
9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the flow medium is supplied at least approximately over the full width (9) of the product (1).
10. Method according to claim 9, characterised in that zones (10,11) over the full width (9) or distributed over parts of the width and into which flow means is supplied alternate with zones (12, 13) into which no flow means is supplied.
11. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8 and 10, characterised in that flow means is supplied only over at least a limited region of the width (9) of the product (1).
12. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the flow means has different flow velocities within the region of the width (9) of the product (1) into which flow means is supplied.
13. Method according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the flow means has different densities within the region of the width (9) of the product (1) into which flow means is supplied.
14. Method according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the flow means is supplied in the form of a plurality of individual streams.
15. Method according to claim 14, characterised in that the individual streams have at least approximately a circular cross-section at least in the exit plane (14).
16. Method according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that at least one individual stream of the flow medium exits as a flat stream at least in the exit plane (14).
17. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to at least one of the claims 1 to 16, comprising at least one deflection member (4,5) having a surface (3) at which the product (1) being transported is changed in direction by moving during the transportation around the deflection member from an inlet side (6) thereof to the outlet side (7) thereof, characterised in that each deflection member has a closed surface and that each deflection member is associated at least (4,5) on the input side with active means for introducing pressurised flow means at least in the inlet direction above the closed surface and below the product (1), with the deflection members being connected to a pressure source (19) for supplying the flow means in desired volume and at desired pressure.
18. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterised in that the means for introducing the flow means comprises at least one nozzle (15, 16) for the flow means, wherein each nozzle is arranged spaced (17) from the point of the beginning of deflection (18) and below the plane of the product (1) being transported and is aligned with its output flow directed at least approximately towards the point of first deflection (18).
19. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterised in that at least one nozzle group (Figs. 4 and 5) is provided with a plurality of nozzles (15, 16).
20. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterised in that the nozzle group extends at least over the full width (9) of the product (1).
21. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterised in that all nozzles (15, 16) are arranged in the direction of the width of the deflection body in a row along a line.
22. Apparatus according to claim 21, characterised in that the line is a straight line.
23. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 22, characterised in that a double row (Fig. 5) is provided with nozzles (15, 16).
24. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 23, characterised in that the nozzles (15, 16) have outlet apertures which are different in terms of shape and/or cross-sectional surface area (Fig.5).
25. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 24, characterised in that the nozzles (15, 16) are connectable or are connected to a source (19) of flow means individually and/or in groups or as a common unit.
26. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 25, characterised in that the means for introducing the flow means comprises a rectangular tube (20) having at least one series of nozzles (15, 16) which are located in one side wall (21) immediately below a boundary wall (22).
27. Apparatus according to claim 26, characterised in that the deflection member (4,5) has its rear surface remote from the surface (3) for the deflection in contact with the side wall (21) which includes the nozzles (15,16), wherein the surface (3) for the deflection is extended by means of the surface (23) of an extension member (24, 25) as far as the side wall (21) immediately below the nozzles (15, 16).
28. Apparatus according to claim 27, characterised in that the outer surface (23) of the extension member (24) is an inclined surface (26), such that, in the direction towards the point of first deflection (18), together with the opposing surface of the product (1), it defines a narrowing flow channel.
29. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 28, characterised in that the surface (3) of each deflection member (4,5) has a semi-circular shape in profile which at least on the inlet side (6) connects with the outer surface (23) of the extension member (24, 25) which is guided to a position below the outlet apertures of the nozzles (15, 16).
30. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 29, characterised in that the deflection members (4,5) are each formed integrally with the extension member (24,25).
31. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 30, characterised in that deflection members (4,5) and extension members (24,25) are formed from flat sheet material or plate material.
32. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 31, characterised in that the rectangular tube (20) below the nozzle row (15,16) has a flange (27) at least for supporting the extension member (24, 25).
33. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 32, characterised in that the rectangular tube (20) has at least one connection (28-32) for the flow means.
34. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 33, characterised in that each rectangular tube (20) is arranged within a housing (33) which at least partially encloses the treatment zone (2).
35. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 34, characterised in that the surface (3) of the deflection members (4,5) is coated at least in the curved region with plastics material, preferably from the group of polytetrafluoroethylenes.
36. Apparatus according to one of claims 17 to 35, characterised in that the apparatus includes at least one device (39-42) for detecting the transportation speed of the product (1), and that at least one deflection station (34-38) is connected as a totality with at least one volume regulating device (43-47) for the flow means, wherein each volume regulating device (43-47) and each device (39-42) for detecting the transportation speed of the product (1) is connected to a control device (48) which includes a CPU for the control of the volume regulating devices (43-47) in predetermined dependence upon the signals from the devices (39-42) for detecting the transportation speed of the product (1).
37. Apparatus at least according to claim 26, characterised in that at least one further row of nozzles (65) is provided in the wall (21a) opposite the side wall (21) immediately below the wall (22a) which is opposite the wall (22).
38. Apparatus at least according to claim 37, characterised in that the rectangular tube (20) below the nozzle row (65) on the wall (21a) has a flange (27a) for the support of a sheet (67) which forms an exit plane (66).
EP89122505A 1989-01-21 1989-12-06 Method and device for the tensionless transportation of web-like products Expired - Lifetime EP0379685B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89122505T ATE78451T1 (en) 1989-01-21 1989-12-06 PROCESS FOR THE LOW-DISTANCE TRANSPORTATION OF TAPE-FORM PRODUCTS AND DEVICE FOR THESE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3901782A DE3901782A1 (en) 1989-01-21 1989-01-21 METHOD FOR THE LOW-DISTURBINE TRANSPORT OF TAPE-SHAPED PRODUCTS AND DEVICE THEREFOR
DE3901782 1989-01-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0379685A2 EP0379685A2 (en) 1990-08-01
EP0379685A3 EP0379685A3 (en) 1990-12-19
EP0379685B1 true EP0379685B1 (en) 1992-07-22

Family

ID=6372549

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89122505A Expired - Lifetime EP0379685B1 (en) 1989-01-21 1989-12-06 Method and device for the tensionless transportation of web-like products

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0379685B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02231352A (en)
AT (1) ATE78451T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2008155C (en)
DE (2) DE3901782A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2034569T3 (en)

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JP2012056683A (en) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-22 Ihi Corp Air float system

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Publication number Publication date
ATE78451T1 (en) 1992-08-15
CA2008155C (en) 1994-05-03
EP0379685A2 (en) 1990-08-01
DE58901891D1 (en) 1992-08-27
JPH02231352A (en) 1990-09-13
EP0379685A3 (en) 1990-12-19
ES2034569T3 (en) 1993-04-01
DE3901782A1 (en) 1990-08-02
CA2008155A1 (en) 1990-07-21

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