EP0375018A2 - Projectile comportant au moins une antenne d'allumage à distance - Google Patents

Projectile comportant au moins une antenne d'allumage à distance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0375018A2
EP0375018A2 EP89203114A EP89203114A EP0375018A2 EP 0375018 A2 EP0375018 A2 EP 0375018A2 EP 89203114 A EP89203114 A EP 89203114A EP 89203114 A EP89203114 A EP 89203114A EP 0375018 A2 EP0375018 A2 EP 0375018A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
projectile
charge
shell
armour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89203114A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0375018A3 (fr
Inventor
Erik Walde
Anders Arnell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saab Bofors AB
Original Assignee
Affarsverket FFV
Bofors AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Affarsverket FFV, Bofors AB filed Critical Affarsverket FFV
Publication of EP0375018A2 publication Critical patent/EP0375018A2/fr
Publication of EP0375018A3 publication Critical patent/EP0375018A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/105—Protruding target distance or stand-off members therefor, e.g. slidably mounted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile, for instance a shell or a robot missile, fitted with at least one stand-off means, the projectile having at least one explosive charge and a fuze for initiating the charge, the stand-off means including a rod with an impact sensor for sensing the impact of the rod against a target, the impact sensor and the fuze being operatively interconnected for signal transmission therebetween.
  • the invention relates more specifically, but not exclus strictlyively, to an explosive armour shell or robot missile having two shaped explosive charges arranged in a tandem-­relationship and adapted for action against tanks which have protective structure for protection against shaped explosive charge jets, so called reactive protective armour.
  • Reactive armour of the kind mentioned has been put into practice, and has been fitted to various tanks.
  • the explosive armour shell In order to destroy reactive-armour tanks by means of shaped-charge effects, the explosive armour shell must have two shaped charges arranged in a tandem-relationship. The first shaped charge will penetrate the reactive armour structure, whereas the second shaped charge will penetrate the main armour structure.
  • the function of an interaction between a protective reactive armour fitted to a tank and an attacking explosive armour shell having two shaped charges, below referred to as the pre-penetrator and the main charge, respectively, is as follows: - If the explosive armour shell will indicate the presence of a target, it will initiate the pre-penetrator which forms a shaped-charge jet which penetrates and initiates the explosive substance of the reactive armour. - The reactive armour panel will expel its plates in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the plates. Since the trajectory of the explosive armour shell will, with a high grade of possibility, not coincide with the trajectory of the expelled plate of the reactive panel, some edge of the plate will intersect the trajectory of the shell. - When the plates have been expelled a sufficient distance, i.e. when the plate edge has intersected the trajectory of the shell, the main charge is to be initiated in order to form a shaped-charge jet which penetrates the main armour structure of the tank
  • the stand-off distance from the target for initiation of the explosive armour shell should be at least 0.5 to 1.5 m - taking into account presently known constructions of reactive armour - in order to achieve great functional efficiency for a shell with two shaped charges. It is with presently available technique difficult to arrange an initiation device which indicates presence of a target at these distances.
  • the technical possibilities now available is to provide a rod at the front of the explosive armour shell, or a proximity fuze. Presence of a target may be detected on the basis of a signal transmitted from the proximity fuze, the signal being reflected against the target, or measuring anomalies in the terrestrial magnetic field caused by the target.
  • Proximity fuzes of aforementioned kind have drawbacks, they can for instance be disturbed and rendered inefficient by the target, and the target may have various surface coverings and camouflage.
  • the magnetic signature have also a short range around the target.
  • Proximity fuzes are also expensive. For these reasons, the use of proximity fuzes in explosive armour ammunition is restricted and not desirous.
  • the presently most common construction consists of rods in various arrangements, for instance according to the patent specifications GB-957 956 or EP-0 227 622 and 0 236 553.
  • the GB specification shows rods in an explosive armour shell having a single shaped charge, but nethertheless illustrates the situation well.
  • the rod is arranged in such a manner that upon indication of a target the shaped charge will be initiated and form a shaped-charge jet. This will pass the interior of the rod such that it will first penetrate the reminiscences of the initiation device in the rod, and thereafter penetrate the armour of the target.
  • the shaped-charge jet will loose some of its energy when passing the tip of the rod, said loss of energy thereby diminishing the energy available for penetration of the armour of the target.
  • the tip of the rod When using a rod in an explosive armour shell having two shaped charges, the tip of the rod will cause a reduction in efficiency of the jet of the pre-penetrator, which reduction will become a more serious drawback.
  • the reason is that one wishes to give the pre-penetrator greatest possible caliber and capacity in order to be able to positively penetrate reactive armour.
  • the pre-penetrator should also be located as far away as possible from the main charge in order to avoid damages caused by the pre-penetrator upon detonation.
  • the rod should have a length of 0.5 to 1 m as mentioned above, and should, for outer-ballistic reasons, be as thin as possible.
  • the rod will then, in the trajectory of the shell, be elastical to such a great extent that the shaped-charge jet of the pre-penetrator will penetrate the wall of the rod. Also in this case energy will be lost, which otherwise would have been useful for penetration of the target.
  • the rod must be designed in such a manner that it will be unfolded or extended after the shell has been fired from the weapon. This may be arranged by dividing the rod into a number of tube-shaped parts having different diameters, the parts being inserted into each other. A spring may force the rod into its full length.
  • the length of the rod in its quiescent state will, for practial reasons, be 0.1 to 0.3 m.
  • this folded rod is mounted at the tip of the explosive armour shell difficul­ties will also arise in transporting, handling and loading the shell.
  • the German patent specification DE 31 37 198 shows a rod which in its idle position is folded into an internal cavity in front of the explosive shaped charge.
  • the rod is in the shape of a helically wound steel spring tape. In order to extend the rod it must first be rotated about 90 degrees and can then be extended by the spring force inherent in the tape.
  • This rod has a serious drawback in that it can only be extended to a length corresponding to the dimension of about one calibre of the shell, i.e. about 0.08-0. 15 m. This is quite insufficient for the projectile according to the present invention, where rods of the size 0.5-1 m are required.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a projectile of the kind indicated by way of introduction in which the above disadvantages have been eliminated. This object will be achieved by providing the projectile in accordance with the invention with the characterizing features set forth in claim 1.
  • the projectile according to the invention offers the following advantages: -
  • the rod may be made thinner, since no centre hole is required for the passage of the shaped-charge jet from the pre-penetrator through the centre of the rod.
  • the rod may be made thinner, there will be less outer-ballistic consequences for a rod having like length.
  • the initiation means in the tip of the rod or in the wall of the rod will not be located in the way of the shaped-charge jet of the pre-penetrator.
  • the rod, in its idle position need not be located in the tip of the explosive armour shell, but may be located by the side of the pre-penetrator, one will achieve a shorter shell. This will be less bulky, and consequently easier to pack up, transport, handle and load.
  • the pre-penetrator may be located far away from the main charge, which offers more energy for the shaped-charge jet of the pre-penetrator and less decorative for damages to the main charge.
  • Figure 1 shows a fin-stabilized explosive armour shell 1 with axiallly tandem-arranged shaped charges, i.e. a main charge 2 and a pre-penetrator charge 3, below referred to as the pre-penetrator.
  • the pre-penetrator 3 is intended, in a way known per se, to make a pre-penetration of a target, for instance penetrate a reactive armour that is arranged in front of the target, thus facilitating for the main charge to thereafter penetrate a main armour in the target.
  • the pre-penetrator 3 is supported together with an initiation means (fuze) 4 for the pre-penetrator by a front shell casing element which forms a supporting means in the form of a supporting sleeve 5, which rearwardly is transformed into a funnel-shaped sleeve portion 6 for mating the caliber with a rear shell casing element 7 which has a substantially larger caliber than the sleeve 5 and which houses the main charge 2.
  • a front shell casing element which forms a supporting means in the form of a supporting sleeve 5, which rearwardly is transformed into a funnel-shaped sleeve portion 6 for mating the caliber with a rear shell casing element 7 which has a substantially larger caliber than the sleeve 5 and which houses the main charge 2.
  • the initiation means 4 contains an electric generator 4a which, upon acceleration of the shell due to ejection of the shell from a barrel not shown, will generate an electric current to an electrical capacitor 4b which is connected to an electrical detonator 4c for ignition of the pre-penetrator 3.
  • a guiding tube 8 Rigidly mounted to the funnel-shaped sleeve portion 6 is, for instance by means of a screw-connection, a guiding tube 8, in which an elongated stand-off means is axially movable, the stand-off means being in the form of a rod shaped, narrow element, for instance a rod 9 of metal or a plastic.
  • the guiding tube 8 is disposed excentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis 10 of the projectile, i.e. it is inclined, as seen in the firing direction 11 of the projectile, inwards towards the longitudinal axis 10 of the projectile.
  • the tip of the rod 9 Upon ejection of the rod 9 from the guiding tube 8, as is shown in Figure 3, the tip of the rod 9 will thereby be located almost straight in front of the projectile, however displaced a certain distance from the longitudinal axis 10 of the projectile such that any sensor and initiation equipment arranged in the tip of the rod will not disturb the shaped-charge jet of the pre-­penetrator 3.
  • the rod 9 is ejectable to the operative position shown in Figure 3 by means of a spring 12 disposed at the bottom of the guiding tube 8.
  • the rod 9 is secured by means of a ball lock 13 which consists of a locking sleeve 13a being movable axially against the action of the spring 12, and a locking ball 13b, the rod in its ejected position ( Figure 3) being lockable by a spring tongue 14 fitted to the guiding tube 8.
  • a combined impact sensor and initiation means 15 which via an electric cable 16 is operatively connected to the initiation means 4 for signal transmission thereto.
  • the rod 9 is, therefore, in the embodiment shown, hollow in order to be able to house the cable 16.
  • the stand-off means 9 functions in the following manner.
  • the sensor and initiation means 15 When the tip of the rod 9 reaches the target, the sensor and initiation means 15 will be deformed, causing a current circuit to close, thereby initiating the initation means 4 via the cable 16, such that its capacitor 4b will be discharged via the cable 16 to the detonator 4c of the initiation means 4.
  • the pre-penetrator 3 will be initiated and form a shaped-charge jet which penetrates the reactive armour of the target, or its main armour if it has got no reactive armour.
  • the rod may also be designed with such a length that it in its idle position extends so far rearwardly that it extends by the side of the main charge.
  • the invention is neither limitied to an inclined rod, but this may alternatively be oriented in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the projectile.
  • the shown shell is fin-stabilized it may be given a slight rotation, for instance by means of a so called slipping girdle.
  • the shell may alternatively be rotation-­stabilized.
  • the illustrated stand-off means is located at the outer side of the shell, it is possible to at least partially house it in a nose cone, not shown, which extends concentrically around the supporting sleeve 5 and the pre-penetrator 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP19890203114 1988-12-19 1989-12-08 Projectile comportant au moins une antenne d'allumage à distance Withdrawn EP0375018A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8804564 1988-12-19
SE8804564A SE468142B (sv) 1988-12-19 1988-12-19 Med minst ett distansorgan foersedd projektil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0375018A2 true EP0375018A2 (fr) 1990-06-27
EP0375018A3 EP0375018A3 (fr) 1992-09-02

Family

ID=20374265

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890203114 Withdrawn EP0375018A3 (fr) 1988-12-19 1989-12-08 Projectile comportant au moins une antenne d'allumage à distance

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0375018A3 (fr)
SE (1) SE468142B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999066284A1 (fr) * 1998-06-18 1999-12-23 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Arme, en particulier arme antichar

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0178486A1 (fr) * 1984-09-21 1986-04-23 Rheinmetall GmbH Charge militaire explosive
EP0238715A1 (fr) * 1986-02-21 1987-09-30 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Tête de combat
DE3718716C2 (de) * 1986-08-02 1988-06-30 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Geschoss
DE3727652C1 (en) * 1987-08-19 1988-07-14 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Shaped-charge projectile

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0178486A1 (fr) * 1984-09-21 1986-04-23 Rheinmetall GmbH Charge militaire explosive
EP0238715A1 (fr) * 1986-02-21 1987-09-30 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Tête de combat
DE3718716C2 (de) * 1986-08-02 1988-06-30 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Geschoss
DE3727652C1 (en) * 1987-08-19 1988-07-14 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Shaped-charge projectile

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999066284A1 (fr) * 1998-06-18 1999-12-23 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Arme, en particulier arme antichar

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8804564D0 (sv) 1988-12-19
EP0375018A3 (fr) 1992-09-02
SE8804564A (fr) 1988-12-19
SE468142B (sv) 1992-11-09

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