EP0374950A2 - Method and devices for applying a hard material in the molten state to cutting tool teeth - Google Patents

Method and devices for applying a hard material in the molten state to cutting tool teeth Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0374950A2
EP0374950A2 EP89123779A EP89123779A EP0374950A2 EP 0374950 A2 EP0374950 A2 EP 0374950A2 EP 89123779 A EP89123779 A EP 89123779A EP 89123779 A EP89123779 A EP 89123779A EP 0374950 A2 EP0374950 A2 EP 0374950A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tooth
gas
hard material
calotte
tooth tip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89123779A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0374950A3 (en
EP0374950B1 (en
Inventor
Ernst Ing.-Grad. Beck
Peter Lenard
Johann Bayer
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Vollmer Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Vollmer Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Application filed by Vollmer Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Vollmer Werke Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority to AT89123779T priority Critical patent/ATE85766T1/en
Publication of EP0374950A2 publication Critical patent/EP0374950A2/en
Publication of EP0374950A3 publication Critical patent/EP0374950A3/en
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Publication of EP0374950B1 publication Critical patent/EP0374950B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/06—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for manufacturing or repairing tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for applying molten hard material to teeth of cutting tools, in particular saw blades, in which a mold cavity is formed around a tooth, which is closed on the tooth face and tooth flanks, and in which the molten material forms a dome due to its surface tension, which is flattened by applying pressure to solidify the material to approximate the intended course of the tooth back.
  • Such a method is known from DE-A-1558378.
  • the powdered hard material is filled into the mold cavity and melted there, for example by means of electro-inductive energy supply.
  • a stamp the underside of which is chamfered in accordance with the intended tooth back shape, is then pressed into the mold cavity from above.
  • the direction of movement of the punch is vertical, while the saw blade is clamped in such a way that the cutting direction of the tooth received in the mold cavity is horizontal.
  • the direction of movement of the punch thus extends at right angles to the cutting direction of the tooth concerned.
  • the punch When the punch is lowered, it flattens the calotte formed by the molten material, displacing the material laterally.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the excess material required when applying molten hard material to teeth of cutting tools without increasing the risk that individual tooth tips are incomplete due to a lack of material.
  • the object is achieved, based on a method of the type described in the introduction, in that the pressure required to flatten the cap is progressively applied to the cap in the direction of the tooth tip. This ensures that the portion of the molten material that originally formed the calotte is largely or even completely used to form the tooth tip. As a result, only a small amount of material then has to be ground away. This saves material and reduces the time required to grind each individual tooth.
  • a stamp can be used in a known manner to apply the pressure to the calotte.
  • the punch is lowered according to the invention with a movement component towards the tooth tip on the calotte.
  • the method according to the invention can also be carried out without a stamp. If the hard material is melted with a gas or plasma jet, it can be the same Gas or plasma jet can be used to carry out the method according to the invention in such a way that after the hard material has melted, it is moved in the direction of the tooth tip over the calotte.
  • the hard material can be pushed off with at least one gas jet directed along the tooth back to the tooth tip.
  • the known device described is suitable, for example, with mold jaws which can be placed on a tooth and a stamp which can be moved back and forth along a stamp axis.
  • the punch axis is inclined rearward with respect to the tooth and includes an angle of at most 70 °, preferably 50 ° to 60 °, with its cutting direction.
  • the gas or plasma torch can be moved when the mold jaws are closed by means of its own drive in such a way that its mouth moves in the direction of the tooth tip.
  • At least one nozzle can be assigned to a device with mold jaws that can be placed on a tooth be net, which is connected to a line for gas, in particular protective gas, and is directed at least approximately in the cutting direction of the tooth onto the tooth tip.
  • the or each nozzle can be arranged on a feed device for the hard material known as such.
  • FIG. 1 to 4 show a tooth 10 of a saw blade which is otherwise only indicated, which can be provided for a circular saw, a band saw or a frame saw.
  • the arrows A in Fig. 1, 3 and 5 denote the cutting direction in which the tooth 10 be when sawing moves.
  • the tooth 10 has a tooth face 12, a tooth back 14 and two tooth flanks 16.
  • the tooth face 12 cuts the tooth back 14 in an upper edge, which is referred to as the tooth tip 18.
  • the devices shown have the purpose of applying hard material 20 to tooth 10.
  • the material 20 is melted and at the same time the tooth 10 on the tooth tip 18 and in the vicinity thereof is heated such that the material 20 is alloyed.
  • the surface tension of the hard material 20 tends to reduce the surface of the material to a minimum, that is, to form a ball.
  • each of the devices shown has a pair of mold carriers 22, each of which carries a mold jaw 24 that can be placed on the tooth 10.
  • the two mold jaws 24 form a mold cavity 26 which receives the molten hard material 20 and forces it in the region of the tooth face 12 and the two tooth flanks 16 to assume their shape.
  • the molten material 20 is free in the region of the tooth back 14 and therefore forms a spherical cap 28 there. This is flattened using the measures described below, so that the hard material 20 assumes the shape shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, which apart from that of minor grinding allowances on the tooth face 12, on the tooth back 14 and on the two tooth flanks 16 corresponds to the final shape of the ground tooth 10.
  • the device for applying the hard material 20 to one tooth 10 of a saw blade shown in different variants, has a frame 30 on which the saw blade is mounted.
  • the saw blade can be moved against the cutting direction A in such a way that a Tooth 10 passes between the mold jaws 24. These are then placed close to the tooth 10 by means of a device of a conventional type, also not shown.
  • a column 32 is fastened to the frame 30, on which a horizontal guide 34 is fastened in a vertically adjustable manner.
  • a slide 36 is guided on the guide 34 and can be displaced horizontally by means of a drive 38, for example a stepping motor, and a threaded spindle 40.
  • a rotary body 42 is mounted on the slide 36 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis B and can be locked in a selected angular position by means of a toggle 44.
  • a plasma torch 46 is fastened in the rotating body 42 so as to be adjustable in the direction of its own axis C.
  • the plasma torch 46 has a mouth 48 arranged at a short distance above the mold cavity 26.
  • a material rod 52 is also fed by means of a feed device 50, which is also of a known type.
  • the hard material 20 is melted from the free end of the material rod 52 by means of a plasma jet directed from the mouth 48 onto the mold cavity 26, so that it drips into the mold cavity 26 and fills it.
  • the slide 36 together with the plasma torch 46 is moved forwards by the drive 38, to the right in FIG. 6, as soon as the mold cavity 26 is filled with molten hard material 20.
  • the calotte 28 is deformed in such a way that the molten material 20 contained therein predominantly collects at the tooth tip 18 and its surface extends approximately flat and parallel to the tooth back 14.
  • a pair of nozzles 54 are arranged on the feed device 50 and are fed via lines 56 with a protective gas, for example argon.
  • a protective gas for example argon.
  • the plasma torch 46 is switched off and / or is moved upwards along its axis C or by adjusting the guide 34 along the column 32, so that the hard material 20 solidifies.
  • a plunger 58 is provided for flattening the calotte 28, which plunger can be moved up and down along a plunger axis D by means of a piston-cylinder unit 60.
  • the punch axis D is inclined backwards in the plane of the saw blade in such a way that it includes an acute angle of at most 70 °, preferably about 55 °, with the cutting direction A. If the punch 58 is lowered onto the spherical cap 28 formed by the molten material 20, it is deformed upwards towards the tooth tip 18.
  • the measures described can be combined with one another. It is thus possible, following deformation of the calotte 28, which has been brought about or has at least been initiated by a forward movement of the mouth 48 of the plasma torch 46 and / or by protective gas escaping from the nozzles 54, to act on the molten material 20 leave to give it the final shape.

Abstract

Formed around a tooth (10) is a shaped cavity (26) which is closed at tooth face (12) and tooth flanks (14) and forms a cap (28) in the molten material (20) due to its surface tension. Before solidification of the material, the said cap is flattened to approximate it to the intended shape of the tooth back (14) by applying a pressure progressively on the cap (28) in the direction of the tooth tip (18). When the hard material is melted using a gas or plasma jet, the latter can, after melting the hard material, be moved over the cap (28) in the direction of the tooth tip (18). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen ge­schmolzenen harten Werkstoffs auf Zähne von Schneidwerk­zeugen, insbes. Sägeblättern, bei dem um einen Zahn ein Formhohlraum gebildet wird, der an Zahnbrust und Zahn­flanken geschlossen ist, und in dem der geschmolzene Werk­stoff wegen seiner Oberflächenspannung eine Kalotte bil­det, die vor dem Erstarren des Werkstoffs zur Annäherung an den vorgesehenen Verlauf des Zahnrückens durch Aufbrin­gen eines Druckes abgeflacht wird.The invention relates to a method for applying molten hard material to teeth of cutting tools, in particular saw blades, in which a mold cavity is formed around a tooth, which is closed on the tooth face and tooth flanks, and in which the molten material forms a dome due to its surface tension, which is flattened by applying pressure to solidify the material to approximate the intended course of the tooth back.

Ein solches Verfahren ist aus der DE-A-1558378 bekannt. Dabei wird der harte Werkstoff in pulvrigem Zustand in den Formhohlraum gefüllt und darin zum Schmelzen gebracht, beispielsweise durch elektroinduktive Energiezufuhr. An­schließend wird ein Stempel, dessen Unterseite entspre­chend der vorgesehenen Zahnrückenform abgeschrägt ist, von oben in den Formhohlraum gedrückt. Die Bewegungsrichtung des Stempels ist dabei senkrecht, während das Sägeblatt so eingespannt ist, daß die Schneidrichtung des im Formhohl­raum aufgenommenen Zahns waagerecht ist. Die Bewegungs­richtung des Stempels erstreckt sich also im rechten Win­kel zur Schneidrichtung des betreffenden Zahns. Wenn der Stempel abgesenkt wird, drückt er die vom geschmolzenen Werkstoff gebildete Kalotte flach, wobei er den Werkstoff seitlich verdrängt. Damit der Werkstoff dabei auch in den Bereich gelangt, in dem die Zahnspitze gebildet werden soll, muß vor dem Absenken des Stempels ein erheblicher Überschuß an geschmolzenem Werkstoff im Formhohlraum vor­handen gewesen sein. Dieser Überschuß muß nach dem Erstar­ren des harten Werkstoffs durch besonders zeitraubendes Schleifen der Zahnbrust, der Zahnflanken und des Zahn­rückens abgearbeitet werden.Such a method is known from DE-A-1558378. The powdered hard material is filled into the mold cavity and melted there, for example by means of electro-inductive energy supply. A stamp, the underside of which is chamfered in accordance with the intended tooth back shape, is then pressed into the mold cavity from above. The direction of movement of the punch is vertical, while the saw blade is clamped in such a way that the cutting direction of the tooth received in the mold cavity is horizontal. The direction of movement of the punch thus extends at right angles to the cutting direction of the tooth concerned. When the punch is lowered, it flattens the calotte formed by the molten material, displacing the material laterally. So that the material also in the The area in which the tooth tip is to be formed must have had a considerable excess of molten material in the mold cavity before the die was lowered. After the hard material has solidified, this excess must be worked off by particularly time-consuming grinding of the tooth face, the tooth flanks and the tooth back.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den beim Auf­bringen geschmolzenen harten Werkstoffs auf Zähne von Schneidwerkzeugen erforderlichen Werkstoffüberschuß zu vermindern, ohne dabei die Gefahr zu erhöhen, daß einzelne Zahnspitzen wegen Werkstoffmangels unvollständig ausge­bildet werden.The invention has for its object to reduce the excess material required when applying molten hard material to teeth of cutting tools without increasing the risk that individual tooth tips are incomplete due to a lack of material.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß ausgehend von einem Ver­fahren der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung dadurch gelöst, daß der zum Abflachen der Kalotte erforderliche Druck in Richtung auf die Zahnspitze fortschreitend auf die Kalotte aufgebracht wird. Damit wird erreicht, daß derjenige An­teil des geschmolzenen Werkstoffs, der ursprünglich die Kalotte gebildet hat, größtenteils oder sogar vollständig zur Bildung der Zahnspitze genutzt wird. Infolgedessen muß anschließend nur noch eine geringe Werkstoffmenge wegge­schliffen werden. Dadurch wird Werkstoff gespart und die zum Schleifen jedes einzelnen Zahns erforderliche Zeit vermindert.The object is achieved, based on a method of the type described in the introduction, in that the pressure required to flatten the cap is progressively applied to the cap in the direction of the tooth tip. This ensures that the portion of the molten material that originally formed the calotte is largely or even completely used to form the tooth tip. As a result, only a small amount of material then has to be ground away. This saves material and reduces the time required to grind each individual tooth.

Zum Aufbringen des Druckes auf die Kalotte kann in bekann­ter Weise ein Stempel verwendet werden. In diesem Fall wird der Stempel erfindungsgemäß mit einer Bewegungskompo­nente zur Zahnspitze hin auf die Kalotte abgesenkt.A stamp can be used in a known manner to apply the pressure to the calotte. In this case, the punch is lowered according to the invention with a movement component towards the tooth tip on the calotte.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren läßt sich aber auch ohne Stempel durchführen. Wenn der harte Werkstoff mit einem Gas- oder Plasmastrahl geschmolzen wird, kann derselbe Gas- oder Plasmastrahl zur Durchführung des erfindungs­gemäßen Verfahrens in der Weise verwendet werden, daß er nach dem Schmelzen des harten Werkstoffs in Richtung zur Zahnspitze über die Kalotte hinwegbewegt wird.The method according to the invention can also be carried out without a stamp. If the hard material is melted with a gas or plasma jet, it can be the same Gas or plasma jet can be used to carry out the method according to the invention in such a way that after the hard material has melted, it is moved in the direction of the tooth tip over the calotte.

Unabhängig davon, in welcher Weise der harte Werkstoff geschmolzen worden ist, kann er gemäß einer anderen Aus­führungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit min­destens einem längs des Zahnrückens zur Zahnspitze gerich­teten Gasstrahl abgedrängt werden.Regardless of how the hard material has been melted, according to another embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can be pushed off with at least one gas jet directed along the tooth back to the tooth tip.

Die beiden Durchführungsweisen des erfindungsgemäßen Ver­fahrens, bei denen ohne Stempel gearbeitet wird, haben den besonderen Vorteil, daß sich jeglicher Lufteinschluß im Formhohlraum auch bei in dieser Hinsicht ungünstig gestal­teten Zähnen mit Sicherheit ausschließen läßt und daß be­sonders kurze Taktzeiten erreichbar sind.The two ways of carrying out the method according to the invention, in which work is carried out without a stamp, have the particular advantage that any air inclusion in the mold cavity can be ruled out with certainty even with teeth which are unfavorably designed in this regard, and that particularly short cycle times can be achieved.

Zum Durchführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eignet sich beispielsweise die beschriebene bekannte Vorrichtung mit Formbacken, die an einen Zahn anlegbar sind und einem Stempel, der längs einer Stempelachse hin- und herbewegbar ist. Dabei ist erfindungsgemäß die Stempelachse in bezug auf den Zahn nach hinten geneigt und schließt mit dessen Schneidrichtung einen Winkel von höchstens 70°, vorzugs­weise 50° bis 60°, ein.For carrying out the method according to the invention, the known device described is suitable, for example, with mold jaws which can be placed on a tooth and a stamp which can be moved back and forth along a stamp axis. According to the invention, the punch axis is inclined rearward with respect to the tooth and includes an angle of at most 70 °, preferably 50 ° to 60 °, with its cutting direction.

Wenn aber ohne Stempel gearbeitet werden soll, genügt eine Vorrichtung mit Formbacken, die an einen Zahn anlegbar sind, und einem Gas- oder Plasmabrenner, dessen Mündung auf den Zahnrücken gerichtet ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Gas- oder Plasmabrenner bei geschlossenen Formbacken mittels eines eigenen Antriebs derart bewegbar, daß seine Mündung in Richtung zur Zahnspitze wandert.But if you want to work without a stamp, a device with mold jaws that can be placed on a tooth and a gas or plasma torch, the mouth of which is directed towards the back of the tooth, is sufficient. According to the invention, the gas or plasma torch can be moved when the mold jaws are closed by means of its own drive in such a way that its mouth moves in the direction of the tooth tip.

Alternativ dazu kann einer Vorrichtung mit Formbacken, die an einem Zahn anlegbar sind, mindestens eine Düse zugeord­ net sein, die an eine Leitung für Gas, insbes. Schutzgas, angeschlossen und mindestens annähernd in Schneidrichtung des Zahns auf die Zahnspitze gerichtet ist. Die oder jede Düse kann an einer als solche bekannten Zuführvorrichtung für den harten Werkstoff angeordnet sein.Alternatively, at least one nozzle can be assigned to a device with mold jaws that can be placed on a tooth be net, which is connected to a line for gas, in particular protective gas, and is directed at least approximately in the cutting direction of the tooth onto the tooth tip. The or each nozzle can be arranged on a feed device for the hard material known as such.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand schematischer Zeichnungen mit weiteren Einzelheiten beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Sägezahns mit in ge­schmolzenem Zustand aufgebrachtem und kalotten­förmig erstarrtem harten Werkstoff,
  • Fig. 2 die Vorderansicht des Sägezahns in Richtung des Pfeils II in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht eines Sägezahns mit in ge­schmolzenem Zustand aufgebrachtem und abgeflach­tem harten Werkstoff,
  • Fig. 4 die Vorderansicht in Richtung des Pfeils IV-IV in Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 5 die Draufsicht von Teilen einer Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von hartem Werkstoff auf die Zähne eines Sägeblattes,
  • Fig. 6 eine Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer solchen Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 7 den Teilschnitt VII-VII in Fig. 6,
  • Fig. 8 eine der Fig. 6 entsprechende Seitenansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 9 den Teilschnitt IX-IX in Fig. 8 und
  • Fig. 10 eine der Fig. 6 entsprechende Seitenansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below with the aid of schematic drawings with further details. Show it:
  • 1 is a side view of a sawtooth with hard material applied in the molten state and solidified in the form of a spherical cap,
  • 2 shows the front view of the sawtooth in the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a side view of a sawtooth with hard material applied and flattened in the molten state,
  • 4 shows the front view in the direction of the arrow IV-IV in FIG. 3,
  • 5 shows the top view of parts of a device for applying hard material to the teeth of a saw blade,
  • 6 is a side view of a first embodiment of such a device,
  • 7 shows the partial section VII-VII in FIG. 6,
  • 8 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 6 of a second embodiment of the device,
  • Fig. 9 shows the partial section IX-IX in Fig. 8 and
  • Fig. 10 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 6 of a third embodiment of the device.

In Fig. 1 bis 4 ist eine Zahn 10 eines im übrigen nur angedeuteten Sägeblattes dargestellt, das für eine Kreis­säge, eine Bandsäge oder eine Gattersäge vorgesehen sein kann. Die Pfeile A in Fig. 1, 3 und 5 bezeichnen die Schnittrichtung, in der sich der Zahn 10 beim Sägen be­ wegt. Der Zahn 10 hat eine Zahnbrust 12, einen Zahnrücken 14 und zwei Zahnflanken 16. Die Zahnbrust 12 schneidet den Zahnrücken 14 in einer oberen Kante, die als Zahnspitze 18 bezeichnet wird.1 to 4 show a tooth 10 of a saw blade which is otherwise only indicated, which can be provided for a circular saw, a band saw or a frame saw. The arrows A in Fig. 1, 3 and 5 denote the cutting direction in which the tooth 10 be when sawing moves. The tooth 10 has a tooth face 12, a tooth back 14 and two tooth flanks 16. The tooth face 12 cuts the tooth back 14 in an upper edge, which is referred to as the tooth tip 18.

Die dargestellten Vorrichtungen haben den Zweck, auf den Zahn 10 harten Werkstoff 20 aufzubringen. Zu diesem Zweck wird der Werkstoff 20 geschmolzen und zugleich der Zahn 10 an der Zahnspitze 18 und in deren Umgebung derart erhitzt, daß der Werkstoff 20 sich anlegiert. Im geschmolzenen Zu­stand ist die Oberflächenspannung des harten Werkstoffs 20 bestrebt, die Werkstoffoberfläche auf ein Minimum zu redu­zieren, also eine Kugel zu bilden. Um dies von vorneherein möglichst weitgehend zu verhindern, weist jede der darge­stellten Vorrichtungen ein Paar Formträger 22 auf, die je einen an den Zahn 10 anlegbaren Formbacken 24 tragen.The devices shown have the purpose of applying hard material 20 to tooth 10. For this purpose, the material 20 is melted and at the same time the tooth 10 on the tooth tip 18 and in the vicinity thereof is heated such that the material 20 is alloyed. In the molten state, the surface tension of the hard material 20 tends to reduce the surface of the material to a minimum, that is, to form a ball. In order to prevent this as far as possible from the outset, each of the devices shown has a pair of mold carriers 22, each of which carries a mold jaw 24 that can be placed on the tooth 10.

Die beiden Formbacken 24 bilden einen Formhohlraum 26, der den geschmolzenen harten Werkstoff 20 aufnimmt und ihn im Bereich der Zahnbrust 12 und der beiden Zahnflanken 16 zwingt, deren Form anzunehmen. Der geschmolzene Werkstoff 20 ist jedoch im Bereich des Zahnrückens 14 frei und bil­det deshalb dort eine Kalotte 28. Diese wird mit den im folgenden beschriebenen Maßnahmen abgeflacht, damit der harte Werkstoff 20 beim Erstarren die aus Fig. 3 und 4 ersichtliche Gestalt annimmt, die abgesehen von gering­fügigen Schleifzugaben an der Zahnbrust 12, am Zahnrücken 14 und an den beiden Zahnflanken 16 mit der endgültigen Form des geschliffenen Zahns 10 übereinstimmt.The two mold jaws 24 form a mold cavity 26 which receives the molten hard material 20 and forces it in the region of the tooth face 12 and the two tooth flanks 16 to assume their shape. However, the molten material 20 is free in the region of the tooth back 14 and therefore forms a spherical cap 28 there. This is flattened using the measures described below, so that the hard material 20 assumes the shape shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, which apart from that of minor grinding allowances on the tooth face 12, on the tooth back 14 and on the two tooth flanks 16 corresponds to the final shape of the ground tooth 10.

Die in verschiedenen Varianten dargestellte Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen des harten Werkstoffs 20 auf jeweils einen Zahn 10 eines Sägeblattes hat ein Gestell 30, an dem das Sägeblatt gelagert ist. Mittels einer nicht dargestellten Vorrichtung üblicher Bauart läßt sich das Sägeblatt entge­gen der Schneidrichtung A derart bewegen, daß jeweils ein Zahn 10 zwischen die Formbacken 24 gelangt. Diese werden dann mittels einer ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Vorrich­tung üblicher Art dicht an den Zahn 10 angelegt.The device for applying the hard material 20 to one tooth 10 of a saw blade, shown in different variants, has a frame 30 on which the saw blade is mounted. By means of a device of conventional design, not shown, the saw blade can be moved against the cutting direction A in such a way that a Tooth 10 passes between the mold jaws 24. These are then placed close to the tooth 10 by means of a device of a conventional type, also not shown.

Auf dem Gestell 30 ist eine Säule 32 befestigt, an dem eine waagerechte Führung 34 senkrecht einstellbar befestigt ist. An der Führung 34 ist ein Schlitten 36 geführt, der mittels eines Antriebs 38, beispielsweise eines Schrittmotors, und einer Gewindespindel 40 waage­recht verschiebbar ist. Am Schlitten 36 ist ein Drehkörper 42 um eine waagerechte Achse B dreheinstellbar gelagert und mittels eines Knebels 44 in einer gewählten Winkel­stellung feststellbar.A column 32 is fastened to the frame 30, on which a horizontal guide 34 is fastened in a vertically adjustable manner. A slide 36 is guided on the guide 34 and can be displaced horizontally by means of a drive 38, for example a stepping motor, and a threaded spindle 40. A rotary body 42 is mounted on the slide 36 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis B and can be locked in a selected angular position by means of a toggle 44.

Im Drehkörper 42 ist ein Plasmabrenner 46 in Richtung seiner eigenen Achse C einstellbar befestigt. Der Plasma­brenner 46 hat eine in geringem Abstand über dem Formhohl­raum 26 angeordnete Mündung 48. Zwischen dieser und dem Formhohlraum 26 wird mittels einer Zuführvorrichtung 50 ebenfalls bekannter Bauart eine Werkstoffstange 52 zuge­führt. Im Betrieb wird der harte Werkstoff 20 mittels eines aus der Mündung 48 auf den Formhohlraum 26 gerich­teten Plasmastrahls vom freien Ende der Werkstoffstange 52 abgeschmolzen, so daß er in den Formhohlraum 26 tropft und diesen füllt.A plasma torch 46 is fastened in the rotating body 42 so as to be adjustable in the direction of its own axis C. The plasma torch 46 has a mouth 48 arranged at a short distance above the mold cavity 26. Between this and the mold cavity 26, a material rod 52 is also fed by means of a feed device 50, which is also of a known type. In operation, the hard material 20 is melted from the free end of the material rod 52 by means of a plasma jet directed from the mouth 48 onto the mold cavity 26, so that it drips into the mold cavity 26 and fills it.

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 6 wird der Schlitten 36 samt Plasmabrenner 46 mittels des Antriebs 38 vorwärts, in Fig. 6 nach rechts, bewegt, sobald der Formhohlraum 26 mit geschmolzenem hartem Werkstoff 20 gefüllt ist. Dadurch wird die Kalotte 28 derart verformt, daß sich der in ihr enthaltene geschmolzene Werkstoff 20 vorwiegend an der Zahnspitze 18 ansammelt und seine Oberfläche sich annä­hernd eben und parallel zum Zahnrücken 14 erstreckt. Als Alternative zur Vorwärtsbewegung des gesamten Plasmabren­ners 46 genügt es, wenn dessen Mündung 48 dadurch vor­ wärtsbewegt wird, daß der Drehkörper 42 um die Achse B gedreht wird.In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the slide 36 together with the plasma torch 46 is moved forwards by the drive 38, to the right in FIG. 6, as soon as the mold cavity 26 is filled with molten hard material 20. As a result, the calotte 28 is deformed in such a way that the molten material 20 contained therein predominantly collects at the tooth tip 18 and its surface extends approximately flat and parallel to the tooth back 14. As an alternative to the forward movement of the entire plasma torch 46, it suffices if its mouth 48 thereby protrudes is moved that the rotating body 42 is rotated about the axis B.

Bei der in Fig. 8 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist an der Zuführvorrichtung 50 ein Paar Düsen 54 angeordnet, die über Leitungen 56 mit einem Schutzgas, beispielsweise Argon gespeist werden. Sobald der geschmolzene Werkstoff 20 den Formhohlraum 26 gefüllt und die Kalotte 28 gebildet hat, wird diese von aus den Düsen 54 austretendem Schutz­gas derart angeblasen, daß sie sich in Richtung zur Zahn­spitze 18 hin verformt und wiederum eine annähernd ebene, zum Zahnrücken 14 parallele Oberfläche erhält. Während­dessen wird der Plasmabrenner 46 abgeschaltet und/oder längs seiner Achse C oder durch Verstellen der Führung 34 längs der Säule 32 nach oben bewegt, so daß der harte Werkstoff 20 erstarrt.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a pair of nozzles 54 are arranged on the feed device 50 and are fed via lines 56 with a protective gas, for example argon. As soon as the molten material 20 has filled the mold cavity 26 and the dome 28 has been formed, this is blown by protective gas emerging from the nozzles 54 in such a way that it deforms in the direction of the tooth tip 18 and in turn receives an approximately flat surface parallel to the tooth back 14 . In the meantime, the plasma torch 46 is switched off and / or is moved upwards along its axis C or by adjusting the guide 34 along the column 32, so that the hard material 20 solidifies.

Bei der in Fig. 10 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist zum Abplatten der Kalotte 28 ein Stempel 58 vorgesehen, der mittels einer Kolbenzylindereinheit 60 längs einer Stem­pelachse D auf- und abbewegbar ist. Die Stempelachse D ist in der Ebene des Sägeblattes derart nach hinten geneigt, daß sie mit der Schneidrichtung A einen spitzen Winkel von höchstens 70°, vorzugsweise etwa 55°, einschließt. Wird der Stempel 58 auf die vom geschmolzenen Werkstoff 20 gebildete Kalotte 28 abgesenkt, so wird diese nach vorne aufwärts, zur Zahnspitze 18, verformt.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, a plunger 58 is provided for flattening the calotte 28, which plunger can be moved up and down along a plunger axis D by means of a piston-cylinder unit 60. The punch axis D is inclined backwards in the plane of the saw blade in such a way that it includes an acute angle of at most 70 °, preferably about 55 °, with the cutting direction A. If the punch 58 is lowered onto the spherical cap 28 formed by the molten material 20, it is deformed upwards towards the tooth tip 18.

Die beschriebenen Maßnahmen können miteinander kombiniert werden. Es ist also möglich, anschließend an eine Verfor­mung der Kalotte 28, die durch eine Vorwärtsbewegung der Mündung 48 des Plasmabrenners 46 und/oder durch aus den Düsen 54 ausgetretenes Schutzgas bewirkt oder zumindest eingeleitet worden ist, den Stempel 58 auf den geschmol­zenen Werkstoff 20 einwirken zu lassen, um diesen die endgültige Form zu geben.The measures described can be combined with one another. It is thus possible, following deformation of the calotte 28, which has been brought about or has at least been initiated by a forward movement of the mouth 48 of the plasma torch 46 and / or by protective gas escaping from the nozzles 54, to act on the molten material 20 leave to give it the final shape.

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zum Aufbringen geschmolzenen harten Werk­stoffs (20) auf Zähne (10) von Schneidwerkzeugen, insbes. Sägeblättern, bei dem um einen Zahn (10) ein Formhohlraum (26) gebildet wird, der an Zahnbrust (12) und Zahnflanken (14) geschlossen ist, und in dem der geschmolzene Werk­stoff (20) wegen seiner Oberflächenspannung eine Kalotte (28) bildet, die vor dem Erstarren des Werkstoffs zur Annäherung an den vorgesehenen Verlauf des Zahnrückens (14) durch Aufbringen eines Druckes abgeflacht wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druck in Richtung auf die Zahnspitze (18) fortschreitend auf die Kalotte (28) aufgebracht wird.1. Method for applying molten hard material (20) to teeth (10) of cutting tools, in particular saw blades, in which a mold cavity (26) is formed around a tooth (10), which is formed on the tooth face (12) and tooth flanks (14) is closed, and in which the molten material (20) forms a spherical cap (28) because of its surface tension, which is flattened by applying pressure before the material solidifies to approximate the intended course of the tooth back (14),
characterized in that the pressure in the direction of the tooth tip (18) is applied progressively to the calotte (28). 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der Druck mit einem Stempel (58) auf die Kalotte (28) aufgebracht wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stempel (58) mit einer Bewegungskomponente zur Zahnspitze (18) hin auf die Kalotte (28) abgesenkt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure is applied with a stamp (58) to the calotte (28),
characterized in that the plunger (58) is lowered with a component of movement towards the tooth tip (18) towards the calotte (28). 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der harte Werkstoff mit einem Gas- oder Plasmastrahl geschmolzen wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gas- oder Plasmastrahl nach dem Schmelzen des harten Werkstoffs in Richtung zur Zahnspitze (18) über die Kalotte (28) hinweg­bewegt wird.3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hard material is melted with a gas or plasma jet,
characterized in that after the hard material has melted , the gas or plasma jet is moved in the direction of the tooth tip (18) over the calotte (28). 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der geschmol­zene Werkstoff (20) mit mindestens einem längs des Zahn­rückens (14) zur Zahnspitze (18) gerichteten Gasstrahl abgedrängt wird.4. The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the molten material (20) is expelled with at least one gas jet directed along the tooth back (14) to the tooth tip (18). 5. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach An­spruch 2 mit Formbacken (24), die an einen Zahn (10) anlegbar sind und einem Stempel (58), der längs einer Stempelachse (D) hin- und herbewegbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stem­pelachse (D) in bezug auf den Zahn (10) nach hinten geneigt ist und mit dessen Schneidrichtung (A) einen Winkel von höchstens 70°, vorzugsweise 50° bis 60°, einschließt.5. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 2 with mold jaws (24) which can be placed on a tooth (10) and a stamp (58) which can be moved back and forth along a stamp axis (D),
characterized in that the punch axis (D) is inclined rearward with respect to the tooth (10) and encloses an angle of at most 70 °, preferably 50 ° to 60 °, with its cutting direction (A). 6. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach An­spruch 3 mit Formbacken (24), die an einen Zahn (10) anlegbar sind, und einem Gas- oder Plasmabrenner (46), dessen Mündung (48) auf den Zahnrücken (14) gerichtet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gas- oder Plasmabrenner (46) bei geschlossenen Formbacken (24) mit­tels eines eigenen Antriebs (38) derart bewegbar ist, daß seine Mündung (48) in Richtung zur Zahnspitze (18) wan­dert.6. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 3 with mold jaws (24) which can be placed on a tooth (10) and a gas or plasma torch (46), the mouth (48) of which is directed onto the tooth back (14),
characterized in that the gas or plasma torch (46), when the mold jaws (24) are closed, can be moved by means of its own drive (38) in such a way that its mouth (48) moves in the direction of the tooth tip (18). 7. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach An­spruch 4 mit Formbacken (24), die an einen Zahn (10) anlegbar sind,
gekennzeichnet durch mindestens eine Düse (54), die an eine Leitung (56) für Gas, insbes. Schutzgas, angeschlossen und mindestens annähernd in Schneidrichtung (A) des Zahns (10) auf die Zahnspitze (18) gerichtet ist.7. Device for performing the method according to claim 4 with mold jaws (24) which can be placed on a tooth (10),
characterized by at least one nozzle (54) connected to a line (56) for gas, in particular protective gas, and directed at least approximately in the cutting direction (A) of the tooth (10) onto the tooth tip (18). 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Düse (54) an einer Zuführvorrichtung (50) für den harten Werkstoff angeordnet ist.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the nozzle (54) is arranged on a feed device (50) for the hard material.
EP89123779A 1988-12-23 1989-12-22 Method and devices for applying a hard material in the molten state to cutting tool teeth Expired - Lifetime EP0374950B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89123779T ATE85766T1 (en) 1988-12-23 1989-12-22 METHODS AND DEVICES FOR APPLYING MOLTEN HARD MATERIAL TO CUTTING TOOL TEETH.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3843647A DE3843647A1 (en) 1988-12-23 1988-12-23 METHOD AND DEVICES FOR APPLYING MOLTEN HARD MATERIAL TO TEETH OF CUTTING TOOLS
DE3843647 1988-12-23

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EP0374950A2 true EP0374950A2 (en) 1990-06-27
EP0374950A3 EP0374950A3 (en) 1990-12-12
EP0374950B1 EP0374950B1 (en) 1993-02-17

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EP (1) EP0374950B1 (en)
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DE4124745A1 (en) * 1991-07-25 1993-01-28 Alligator Ets Applying a hard metal coating to the teeth of cutting tools - where the projecting bead of molten coating material is levelled off immediately after application to fill the mould in which the tooth is inserted
WO1994025203A1 (en) * 1993-05-04 1994-11-10 Vollmer Werke Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Process and device for applying hard material to the teeth of cutting tools, especially saw blades
AT411877B (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-07-26 Boehler Miller Messer Und Saeg COMPOSITE FLAT BAR

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US5752307A (en) * 1996-09-17 1998-05-19 Pacific Saw And Knife Company Method for applying a hard cutting edge to a replaceable bit for a circular saw
GB2345036B (en) * 1998-12-24 2002-07-10 Bernard Mccartney Ltd Vehicle wheel tooth
DE102006051709A1 (en) * 2006-10-30 2008-05-08 AHC-Oberflächentechnik GmbH Production of wear-resistant coatings on materials made of barrier-layer-forming metals or their alloys by means of laser treatment
US11365470B2 (en) * 2020-01-08 2022-06-21 General Electric Company Ceramic coating formation using temperature controlled gas flow to smooth surface

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WO1994025203A1 (en) * 1993-05-04 1994-11-10 Vollmer Werke Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Process and device for applying hard material to the teeth of cutting tools, especially saw blades
DE4314707C1 (en) * 1993-05-04 1994-12-08 Vollmer Werke Maschf Method and device for applying hard material to teeth of cutting tools, in particular saw blades
AT411877B (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-07-26 Boehler Miller Messer Und Saeg COMPOSITE FLAT BAR

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0374950A3 (en) 1990-12-12
EP0374950B1 (en) 1993-02-17
ATE85766T1 (en) 1993-03-15
DE3843647A1 (en) 1990-07-05
DE58903570D1 (en) 1993-03-25
US5101879A (en) 1992-04-07

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