EP0374678A2 - High-pressure discharge lamp requiring low electric power, and method for operating it - Google Patents

High-pressure discharge lamp requiring low electric power, and method for operating it Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0374678A2
EP0374678A2 EP89122832A EP89122832A EP0374678A2 EP 0374678 A2 EP0374678 A2 EP 0374678A2 EP 89122832 A EP89122832 A EP 89122832A EP 89122832 A EP89122832 A EP 89122832A EP 0374678 A2 EP0374678 A2 EP 0374678A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
discharge vessel
pressure discharge
discharge lamp
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP89122832A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0374678A3 (en
Inventor
Alexander Dobrusskin
Jürgen Dr. Heider
Jürgen vom Scheidt
Joachim Arlt
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Osram GmbH
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Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication of EP0374678A2 publication Critical patent/EP0374678A2/en
Publication of EP0374678A3 publication Critical patent/EP0374678A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/38—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light
    • H01J61/40—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light by light filters; by coloured coatings in or on the envelope
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp of small electrical power with the features designated in the preamble of the main claim.
  • High-pressure discharge lamps in particular those with a metal halide filling, have recently become increasingly popular for the purpose of general lighting. Such lamps have also already been proposed for the headlights of motor vehicles. For both applications, power levels below 70 W, e.g. 35 W, completely sufficient. However, the start-up time between the ignition and reaching the final luminous flux is still unsatisfactory. In a conventionally operated lamp, it is approximately 40 seconds. DE-GM 86 23 908 therefore proposed that the lamp be externally heated in the switched-off state in order to keep the filling substances evaporated and in this way of a higher temperature and to achieve a shortened start-up time of only approx. 8 sec. Apart from the additional electrical energy required for external heating and the associated installation effort, such a shortened start-up time is still unsatisfactory for many applications.
  • the present invention is based on the object to shorten the start-up time of the metal halide lamp even further. External heating of the lamp should be avoided in view of the additional energy consumption and the measures for energy supply.
  • the main feature here is the electronic ballast, which can be used to regulate the starting current between the lamp ignition and reaching the final luminous flux in a range up to ten times the nominal current.
  • the corresponding circuit arrangements are described in the patent applications with the file numbers P 37 19 356 and P 37 19 357.
  • the further embodiment of the present invention is set out in the subclaims. This mode of operation reduces the 90% luminous flux of a conventional metal halide lamp from originally approx. 30 seconds to approx. 5 seconds. A further reduction to only approx.
  • the metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp 1 of FIG. 1 consists of quartz glass and has a discharge tion vessel 2 with two melts arranged on opposite sides of the discharge vessel 2 in the form of a pinch 3.
  • An electrode system is melted into each pinch 3 in a gas-tight manner, which consists of an electrode 4 made of tungsten arranged within the discharge vessel 2, a sealing film 5 made of molybdenum embedded by the pinch 3, and a power supply 6 emerging from the pinch 3 in the longitudinal axis of the lamp made of molybdenum.
  • the power supply lines have an area of approximately 10 mm 2 at the point of their smallest cross-section, in the present case they are the sealing foils 5 made of molybdenum.
  • the electrodes 4 are designed as spherical electrodes with a spherical diameter of approximately 0.35 mm, which are located at the end of the tungsten wire with a diameter of approximately 0.18 mm.
  • the discharge vessel 2 has an essentially elliptical shape with an outer diameter of approximately 5.5 mm and a length between the constrictions 7 of approximately 7 mm.
  • the mass of this discharge vessel 2 is approximately 6 mg per watt of electrical power, in the present exemplary embodiment of a 35 W lamp it is approximately 0.2 g.
  • the discharge vessel 2 contains not only argon as the starting gas, but also mercury and the halides of sodium and preferably scandium or of sodium and a rare earth metal.
  • a coating 8 made of silicon iron oxide and above another layer of zirconia is applied.
  • the angle ⁇ which is formed by the lamp transverse axis and the connecting line between the center of the discharge space and the inner edge of the coating 8 on the discharge vessel 2, is preferably in the range between 50 ° and 55 °.
  • the coating 8 thus covers the spaces behind the electrodes 4 almost exactly and preferably heats them up.
  • the transparent part of the discharge vessel 2 is also provided with a dichroic coating 9 of titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide, which transmits visible radiation but reflects IR radiation, with a layer thickness of approximately 0.2 ⁇ m.
  • the electrodes 4 are spherical on their mutually facing surface.
  • a further measure namely the doping of the quartz glass with a UV-absorbing agent, preferably titanium dioxide, in an amount of 0.02% by weight to 0.2% by weight was dispensed with in the present exemplary embodiment, as was the case with Filling the discharge vessel with xenon.
  • a UV-absorbing agent preferably titanium dioxide
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show the start-up curves of a "bare" metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp 1 without any coating or doping of the quartz glass and without xenon filling.
  • the starting current of approx. 2.6 A corresponds to approximately 6.5 times the nominal current of lamp 1.
  • the 30% luminous flux ⁇ at approx. 3.0 sec, the 50% luminous flux ⁇ at approx 3.8 sec and the 90% luminous flux ⁇ is already reached at approx. 4.5 sec.
  • the rise in Luminous flux ⁇ is steep and exceeds the nominal luminous flux ⁇ after approx. 5 sec to approx. 120%, in order to then adjust to its nominal value after approx. 15 sec.
  • the other measured parameters such as color temperature T, operating voltage of the lamp U and its power consumption P, can likewise be found in the diagrams and do not require any further explanation.
  • the start-up curve of the luminous flux ⁇ of FIG. 3 comes from a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp similar to that of FIG. 1, but without the coating 9, but with a discharge vessel filled with xenon at a cold filling pressure of approx. 6 bar.
  • the lamp was operated on the electronic ballast, the starting current being 3.3 A, which corresponds to approximately 8.5 times the nominal current.
  • the increase in the luminous flux is steeper than in the example in FIG. 2a).
  • the 90% luminous flux ⁇ is already reached after approx. 1 sec. This extremely short start-up time can be reduced even further by applying the coatings 8 and 9 according to FIG. 1 and / or doping the quartz glass with TiO2 or CeO2.

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

For the rapid start-up of a vehicle metal halogenide high-pressure discharge lamp (1), said lamp has the smallest possible amount of quartz glass and electrodes which are suitable for a 5- to 10-fold start-up current timer-controlled by an electronic control gear. The control device for the electronic control gear ensures that the limit rating of the lamp is not exceeded. Furthermore, the lamp has an infrared and/or ultraviolet reflecting (9) or absorbing (8) coating on its surface. As an additional measure, the quartz glass of the discharge vessel can be provided with an infrared and/or ultraviolet reflecting or absorbing doping. With a xenon filling of the discharge vessel 2 of at least 3 bar, 90% of the light beam of the lamp is obtained already at approximately 1 sec. …<IMAGE>…

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hochdruckentladungslampe kleiner elektrischer Leistung mit den im Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs bezeichneten Merkmalen.The invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp of small electrical power with the features designated in the preamble of the main claim.

Hochdruckentladungslampen, insbesondere solche mit Metallhalogenidfüllung, setzen sich in letzter Zeit vermehrt zum Zweck der Allgemeinbeleuchtung durch. Aber auch für die Scheinwerfer von Kraftfahrzeugen wurden solche Lampen bereits vorgeschlagen. Für beide Anwendungszwecke sind Leistungsstufen unterhalb 70 W, z.B. 35 W, völlig ausreichend. Unbefriedigend ist aber noch immer die Anlaufzeit zwischen der Zündung und dem Erreichen des Endlichtstroms. Sie beträgt bei einer konventionell betriebenen Lampe ca. 40 sec. In dem DE-GM 86 23 908 wurde deshalb vorgeschlagen, die Lampe im ausgeschalteten Zustand fremd zu beheizen, um so die Füllsubstanzen verdampft zu halten und auf diese Weise von einem höheren Temperatur- und damit Druckniveau ausgehend eine verkürzte Anlaufzeit von nur ca. 8 sec zu erreichen. Abgesehen von der für die Fremdheizung erforderlichen zusätzlichen elek­trischen Energie und dem damit verbundenen Instal­lationsaufwand ist aber auch eine derart verkürzte Anlaufzeit für viele Anwendungszwecke noch immer nicht befriedigend.High-pressure discharge lamps, in particular those with a metal halide filling, have recently become increasingly popular for the purpose of general lighting. Such lamps have also already been proposed for the headlights of motor vehicles. For both applications, power levels below 70 W, e.g. 35 W, completely sufficient. However, the start-up time between the ignition and reaching the final luminous flux is still unsatisfactory. In a conventionally operated lamp, it is approximately 40 seconds. DE-GM 86 23 908 therefore proposed that the lamp be externally heated in the switched-off state in order to keep the filling substances evaporated and in this way of a higher temperature and to achieve a shortened start-up time of only approx. 8 sec. Apart from the additional electrical energy required for external heating and the associated installation effort, such a shortened start-up time is still unsatisfactory for many applications.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Anlaufzeit der Metallhalogenidlampe noch weiter zu verkürzen. Auf eine Fremdbeheizung der Lampe soll mit Rücksicht auf den zusätzlichen Energieverbrauch und die Maßnahmen für die Energieversorgung verzichtet werden.The present invention is based on the object to shorten the start-up time of the metal halide lamp even further. External heating of the lamp should be avoided in view of the additional energy consumption and the measures for energy supply.

Diese Aufgaben werden durch eine Kombination der kenn­zeichnenden Merkmale wie im Hauptanspruch angegeben gelöst. Hauptmerkmal ist hierbei das elektronische Vorschaltgerät, mit dessen Hilfe eine Regelung des Anlaufstroms zwischen der Lampenzündung und dem Erreichen des Endlichtstromes in einem Bereich bis zum zehnfachen Wert des Nennstroms möglich ist. Die entsprechenden Schaltungsanordnungen sind in den Patentanmeldungen mit den Aktenzeichen P 37 19 356 und P 37 19 357 beschrieben. Die weitere Ausgestal­tung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist in den Unteran­sprüchen dargelegt. Durch diese Betriebsweise wird der 90 %-Lichtstrom einer konventionellen Metallhalo­genidlampe von ursprünglich ca. 30 sec auf ca. 5 sec reduziert. Eine weitere Reduzierung auf nur noch ca. 1 sec für den 90 %-Lichtstrom ist mit einer Kombination der verbleibenden am Entladungsgefäß vorzunehmenden Maßnahmen hinsichtlich Beschichtung, Dotierung und der Füllung des Entladungsgefäßes möglich, wobei die Regelung des Anlaufstroms bis an die zulässige Obergrenze des elektronischen Vorschalt­gerätes, nämlich bis an den ca. 10fachen Nennstrom heranreichend erfolgt. Gegenüber dem konventionellen Betrieb einer derartigen Lampe bedeutet dies eine Verkürzung der Anlaufzeit um den Faktor 30. Der hohe Überstrom während der Anlaufphase heizt die optimierte Masse des Entladungsgefäßes schnell auf. Die entstan­ dene Wärme wird dann aufgrund der Dotierung des Entladungsgefäßmaterials sowie der beschriebenen unterschiedlichen Beschichtungen in das Entladungsge­fäß reflektiert bzw. von diesem absorbiert, so daß die abgestrahlte Wärme reduziert und Wärmeverluste mini­miert werden. Die gegenüber herkömmlichen Metallhalo­genidlampen auf diese Weise zusätzlich gewonnene Wärme wird voll zur Verdampfung der Füllsubstanzen genutzt und verkürzt dadurch die Anlaufzeit in erheblichem Maße. Das Xenon im Entladungsgefäß bewirkt einen hohen Sofortlichtanteil im unmittelbaren Anschluß an die Zündung.These tasks are solved by a combination of the characteristic features as stated in the main claim. The main feature here is the electronic ballast, which can be used to regulate the starting current between the lamp ignition and reaching the final luminous flux in a range up to ten times the nominal current. The corresponding circuit arrangements are described in the patent applications with the file numbers P 37 19 356 and P 37 19 357. The further embodiment of the present invention is set out in the subclaims. This mode of operation reduces the 90% luminous flux of a conventional metal halide lamp from originally approx. 30 seconds to approx. 5 seconds. A further reduction to only approx. 1 sec for the 90% luminous flux is possible with a combination of the remaining measures to be carried out on the discharge vessel with regard to coating, doping and the filling of the discharge vessel, the starting current being regulated up to the permissible upper limit of the electronic ballast , namely up to approx. 10 times the nominal current. Compared to the conventional operation of such a lamp, this means a shortening of the start-up time by a factor of 30. The high overcurrent during the start-up phase quickly heats up the optimized mass of the discharge vessel. The result Dene heat is then reflected or absorbed by the discharge vessel material and the described different coatings in the discharge vessel, so that the radiated heat is reduced and heat losses are minimized. The additional heat gained in this way compared to conventional metal halide lamps is fully used for the evaporation of the filling substances and thus shortens the start-up time considerably. The xenon in the discharge vessel produces a high proportion of instant light in the immediate vicinity of the ignition.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von drei Figuren näher erläutert:

  • Figur 1 zeigt eine Metallhalogenidlampe mit einer Strahlung reflektierenden Beschichtung in schematischer Darstellung
  • Figur 2 zeigt die Anlaufkurven einer an einem steuer­baren elektronischen Vorschaltgerät betrie­benen Metallhalogenidlampe ohne reflektierende Beschichtung, ohne Dotierung des Quarzglases und ohne Xenon-Füllung
  • Figur 3 zeigt die Anlaufkurve des Lichtstroms einer an einem steuerbaren elektronischen Vorschalt­gerät betriebenen Metallhalogenidlampe mit reflektierender Beschichtung und mit Xenon-­Füllung
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to three figures:
  • Figure 1 shows a metal halide lamp with a radiation reflecting coating in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 2 shows the start-up curves of a metal halide lamp operated on a controllable electronic ballast without a reflective coating, without doping the quartz glass and without a xenon filling
  • FIG. 3 shows the start-up curve of the luminous flux of a metal halide lamp operated on a controllable electronic ballast with a reflective coating and with xenon filling

Die Metallhalogenidhochdruckentladungslampe 1 der Figur 1 besteht aus Quarzglas und weist ein Entla­ dungsgefäß 2 mit zwei an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Entladungsgefäßes 2 angeordneten Einschmelzungen in Form einer Quetschung 3 auf. In jede Quetschung 3 ist ein Elektrodensystem gasdicht eingeschmolzen, das aus einer innerhalb des Entladungsgefäßes 2 angeordneten Elektrode 4 aus Wolfram, einer von der Quetschung 3 eingebetteten Dichtungsfolie 5 aus Molybdän sowie einer aus der Quetschung 3 in Lampenlängsachse aus­tretenden Stromzuführung 6 aus Molybdän besteht. Die Stromzuführungen weisen an der Stelle ihres geringsten Querschnitts, das sind im vorliegenden Fall die Dichtungsfolien 5 aus Molybdän, eine Fläche von ca. 10 mm² auf. Die Elektroden 4 sind in diesem Aus­führungsbeispiel als Kugelelektroden mit einem Kugel­durchmesser von ca. 0,35 mm ausgeführt, die sich am Ende des Wolframdrahtes mit ca. 0,18 mm Durchmesser befinden.The metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp 1 of FIG. 1 consists of quartz glass and has a discharge tion vessel 2 with two melts arranged on opposite sides of the discharge vessel 2 in the form of a pinch 3. An electrode system is melted into each pinch 3 in a gas-tight manner, which consists of an electrode 4 made of tungsten arranged within the discharge vessel 2, a sealing film 5 made of molybdenum embedded by the pinch 3, and a power supply 6 emerging from the pinch 3 in the longitudinal axis of the lamp made of molybdenum. The power supply lines have an area of approximately 10 mm 2 at the point of their smallest cross-section, in the present case they are the sealing foils 5 made of molybdenum. In this exemplary embodiment, the electrodes 4 are designed as spherical electrodes with a spherical diameter of approximately 0.35 mm, which are located at the end of the tungsten wire with a diameter of approximately 0.18 mm.

In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel einer Metall­halogenidhochdruckentladungslampe 1 mit ca. 35 W Leistungsaufnahme weist das Entladungsgefäß 2 eine im wesentlichen elliptische Gestalt mit einem Außen­durchmesser von ca. 5,5 mm und einer Länge zwischen den Einschnürungen 7 von ca. 7 mm auf. Die Masse dieses Entladungsgefäßes 2 beträgt ca. 6 mg je Watt elektrischer Leistung, im vorliegenden Ausführungsbei­spiel einer 35 W-Lampe also ca. 0,2 g. In einem Volumen von nur 0,025 cm³ enthält das Entladungsgefäß 2 neben dem Argon als Startgas auch Quecksilber sowie die Halogenide von Natrium und vorzugsweise Scandium oder von Natrium und einem Metall der Seltenen Erden. An jeder Einschnürung 7, das ist der Übergangsbereich vom Entladungsgefäß 2 zur Quetschung 3, ist zuerst eine Beschichtung 8 aus Siliziumeisenoxid und darüber eine weitere Schicht aus Zirkondioxid aufgetragen. Der Winkel α , der durch die Lampenquerachse und der Verbindungslinie zwischen dem Mittelpunkt des Entla­dungsraumes sowie dem inneren Rand der Beschichtung 8 auf dem Entladungsgefäß 2 gebildet wird, liegt bevor­zugt im Bereich zwischen 50° und 55°. Die Beschichtung 8 bedeckt somit ziemlich genau die hinter den Elek­troden 4 liegenden Räume und heizt diese bevorzugt auf. Der transparente Teil des Entladungsgefäßes 2 ist darüber hinaus mit einer sichtbare Strahlung trans­mittierenden, aber IR-Strahlung reflektierenden dichroitischen Beschichtung 9 aus Titandioxid und Siliziumdioxid mit einer Schichtdicke von ca. 0,2 µm versehen. Die Elektroden 4 sind an ihrer sich einander zugewandten Oberfläche kugelförmig ausgebildet. Auf eine weitere Maßnahme, nämlich die Dotierung des Quarzglases mit einem UV-Strahlung absorbierenden Mittel, vorzugsweise Titandioxid, mit einer Menge von 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,2 Gew.-% wurde im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel verzichtet, ebenso wie auf die Füllung des Entladungsgefäßes mit Xenon.In a preferred exemplary embodiment of a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp 1 with a power consumption of approximately 35 W, the discharge vessel 2 has an essentially elliptical shape with an outer diameter of approximately 5.5 mm and a length between the constrictions 7 of approximately 7 mm. The mass of this discharge vessel 2 is approximately 6 mg per watt of electrical power, in the present exemplary embodiment of a 35 W lamp it is approximately 0.2 g. In a volume of only 0.025 cm³, the discharge vessel 2 contains not only argon as the starting gas, but also mercury and the halides of sodium and preferably scandium or of sodium and a rare earth metal. At each constriction 7, that is the transition area from the discharge vessel 2 to the pinch 3, there is first a coating 8 made of silicon iron oxide and above another layer of zirconia is applied. The angle α, which is formed by the lamp transverse axis and the connecting line between the center of the discharge space and the inner edge of the coating 8 on the discharge vessel 2, is preferably in the range between 50 ° and 55 °. The coating 8 thus covers the spaces behind the electrodes 4 almost exactly and preferably heats them up. The transparent part of the discharge vessel 2 is also provided with a dichroic coating 9 of titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide, which transmits visible radiation but reflects IR radiation, with a layer thickness of approximately 0.2 μm. The electrodes 4 are spherical on their mutually facing surface. A further measure, namely the doping of the quartz glass with a UV-absorbing agent, preferably titanium dioxide, in an amount of 0.02% by weight to 0.2% by weight was dispensed with in the present exemplary embodiment, as was the case with Filling the discharge vessel with xenon.

In den Figuren 2a und 2b sind die Anlaufkurven einer "nackten" Metallhalogenidhochdruckentladungslampe 1 ohne jegliche Beschichtung oder Dotierung des Quarz­glases und ohne Xenon-Füllung wiedergegeben. Die Lampe selbst wurde aber an einem erfindungsgemäßen elektro­nischen, den Anlaufstrom regelnden Vorschaltgerät entsprechend Anspruch 1 a) betrieben. Der Anlaufstrom von ca. 2,6 A entspricht etwa dem 6,5fachen Nennstrom der Lampe 1. Wie dem Diagramm zu entnehmen ist, wird der 30 %-Lichtstrom φ bei ca. 3,0 sec, der 50 %-Licht­strom φ bei ca. 3,8 sec und der 90 %-Lichtstrom φ bereits bei ca. 4,5 sec erreicht. Der Anstieg des Lichtstroms φ erfolgt steil und übersteigt nach ca. 5 sec den Nennlichtstrom φ auf ca. 120 %, um sich dann nach ca. 15 sec auf seinen Nennwert einzustellen. Die anderen gemessenen Parameter, wie Farbtemperatur T, Brennspannung der Lampe U sowie deren Leistungsauf­nahme P, sind ebenfalls den Diagrammen zu entnehmen und bedürfen keiner weiteren Erläuterung.FIGS. 2a and 2b show the start-up curves of a "bare" metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp 1 without any coating or doping of the quartz glass and without xenon filling. However, the lamp itself was operated on an electronic ballast according to the invention, which regulates the starting current. The starting current of approx. 2.6 A corresponds to approximately 6.5 times the nominal current of lamp 1. As can be seen in the diagram, the 30% luminous flux φ at approx. 3.0 sec, the 50% luminous flux φ at approx 3.8 sec and the 90% luminous flux φ is already reached at approx. 4.5 sec. The rise in Luminous flux φ is steep and exceeds the nominal luminous flux φ after approx. 5 sec to approx. 120%, in order to then adjust to its nominal value after approx. 15 sec. The other measured parameters, such as color temperature T, operating voltage of the lamp U and its power consumption P, can likewise be found in the diagrams and do not require any further explanation.

Die Anlaufkurve des Lichtstroms φ der Figur 3 stammt von einer Metallhalogenidhochdruckentladungslampe ähnlich der Figur 1, jedoch ohne die Beschichtung 9, aber mit einem mit Xenon gefüllten Entladungsgefäß bei einem Kaltfülldruck von ca. 6 bar. Die Lampe wurde wie im vorangegangenen Beispiel an dem elektronischen Vorschaltgerät betrieben, wobei der Anlaufstrom bei 3,3 A lag, was etwa dem ca. 8,5fachen Nennstrom ent­spricht. Mie hier deutlich zu erkennen ist, erfolgt der Anstieg des Lichtstromes noch steiler als im Beispiel der Figur 2 a). Der 90 %-Lichtstrom φ wird hier schon nach ca. 1 sec erreicht. Diese extrem kurze Anlaufzeit ist durch das Aufbringen der Beschichtungen 8 und 9 entsprechend der Figur 1 und/oder eine Dotierung des Quarzglases mit TiO₂ oder CeO₂ noch weiter zu verkürzen.The start-up curve of the luminous flux φ of FIG. 3 comes from a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp similar to that of FIG. 1, but without the coating 9, but with a discharge vessel filled with xenon at a cold filling pressure of approx. 6 bar. As in the previous example, the lamp was operated on the electronic ballast, the starting current being 3.3 A, which corresponds to approximately 8.5 times the nominal current. As can be clearly seen here, the increase in the luminous flux is steeper than in the example in FIG. 2a). The 90% luminous flux φ is already reached after approx. 1 sec. This extremely short start-up time can be reduced even further by applying the coatings 8 and 9 according to FIG. 1 and / or doping the quartz glass with TiO₂ or CeO₂.

Claims (7)

1. Hochdruckentladungslampe (1) kleiner elektrischer Leistung mit zugeordnetem elektronischen Vorschalt­gerät, bei der die Lampe ein Entladungsgefäß (2) und eine darin enthaltene Füllung von mindestens einem Edelgas, Quecksilber und Metallhalogeniden aufweist, und in das Entladungsgefäß (2) mindestens zwei Elektroden (4) über Stromzuführungen (6) gasdicht hineingeführt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß außer den Merkmalen a) bis c) mindestens noch ein weiteres der Merkmale d) bis g) in Kombination vorliegt. a) Das elektronische Vorschaltgerät beinhaltet eine Steuervorrichtung, die den Anlaufstrom der Lampe (1) auf einen Wert einstellt, der zwischen dem fünffachen und dem zehnfachen Wert des Nennstromes liegt. b) Das Entladungsgefäß (2) enthält als Füllung min­destens die Halogenide von Natrium und Scandium oder von Natrium und einem Metall der Seltenen Erden. c) Die Masse des Entladungsgefäßes (2) liegt im Bereich zwischen 0,002 Gramm je Watt und 0,1 Gramm je Watt elektrischer Leistung der Lampe. d) Das Entladungsgefäß enthält als Füllgas Xenon mit einem Kaltfülldruck von mindestens 3 bar. e) Das Entladungsgefäß (2) ist zumindest teilweise mit mindestens einem Mittel versehen, das nicht sicht­bare Strahlung reflektiert oder absorbiert und sichtbare Strahlung transmittiert. f) Die Schäfte der Elektroden (4) weisen einen Durch­messer von maximal 0,3 mm auf. g) Der sich einander zugewandte Teil der Elektroden (4) ist verrundet. 1.High-pressure discharge lamp (1) of small electrical power with an associated electronic ballast, in which the lamp has a discharge vessel (2) and a filling therein containing at least one noble gas, mercury and metal halides, and in the discharge vessel (2) at least two electrodes (4 ) are introduced in a gastight manner via power supply lines (6), characterized in that in addition to features a) to c) there is at least one further feature d) to g) in combination. a) The electronic ballast contains a control device that sets the starting current of the lamp (1) to a value that is between five and ten times the value of the nominal current. b) The discharge vessel (2) contains at least the halides of sodium and scandium or of sodium and a rare earth metal as a filling. c) The mass of the discharge vessel (2) is in the range between 0.002 grams per watt and 0.1 grams per watt electrical power of the lamp. d) The discharge vessel contains xenon as the filling gas with a cold filling pressure of at least 3 bar. e) The discharge vessel (2) is at least partially provided with at least one agent which reflects or absorbs invisible radiation and transmits visible radiation. f) The shafts of the electrodes (4) have a maximum diameter of 0.3 mm. g) The facing part of the electrodes (4) is rounded. 2. Hochdruckentladungslampe (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das nicht sichtbare Strahlung reflektierende und sichtbare Strahlung transmittierende Mittel aus einer auf die Oberfläche des Entladungsgefäßes (2) aufgetragenen dichroitischen Beschichtung (9) aus TiO₂ und SiO₂ oder Si₃N₄ und SiO₂ besteht.2. High-pressure discharge lamp (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-visible radiation reflecting and visible radiation transmitting means from a on the surface of the discharge vessel (2) applied dichroic coating (9) made of TiO₂ and SiO₂ or Si₃N₄ and SiO₂. 3. Hochdruckentladungslampe (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dichroitische Beschichtung (9) eine Dicke aufweist, die im Bereich von 0,1 µm bis 1,5 µm liegt.3. High-pressure discharge lamp (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the dichroic coating (9) has a thickness which is in the range from 0.1 µm to 1.5 µm. 4. Hochdruckentladungslampe (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das nicht sichtbare Strahlung absorbierende und sichtbare Strahlung transmittierende Mittel aus einer dem Material des Entladungsgefäßes (2) zugesetzten Dotierung aus TiO₂, CeO₂, SnO₂ oder BaMgAl₂O₃ besteht.4. High-pressure discharge lamp (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the invisible radiation-absorbing and visible radiation-transmitting means consists of a doping material added to the material of the discharge vessel (2) made of TiO₂, CeO₂, SnO₂ or BaMgAl₂O₃. 5. Hochdruckentladungslampe (1) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dem Material des Entladungsgefäßes (2) zugesetzte Dotierung eine Menge aufweist, die im Bereich von 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,2 Gew.-% je Gewichtseinheit liegt.5. High-pressure discharge lamp (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the doping added to the material of the discharge vessel (2) has an amount which is in the range from 0.02% by weight to 0.2% by weight per unit weight . 6. Hochdruckentladungslampe (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Enden des Entladungs­gefäßes (2) mit einer nicht sichtbare und sichtbare Strahlung reflektierenden Beschichtung (8) aus Zirkon­dioxid versehen sind.6. High-pressure discharge lamp (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the discharge vessel (2) are provided with a non-visible and visible radiation-reflecting coating (8) made of zirconium dioxide. 7. Hochdruckentladungslampe (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Enden des Entladungs­gefäßes (2) außer der Beschichtung (8) aus Zirkon­dioxid zusätzlich eine Beschichtung aus Silizium­eisenoxid aufweisen.7. High-pressure discharge lamp (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the ends of the discharge vessel (2) in addition to the coating (8) made of zirconium dioxide additionally have a coating of silicon iron oxide.
EP19890122832 1988-12-19 1989-12-11 High-pressure discharge lamp requiring low electric power, and method for operating it Withdrawn EP0374678A3 (en)

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DE3842771 1988-12-19
DE3842771A DE3842771A1 (en) 1988-12-19 1988-12-19 HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP OF SMALL ELECTRICAL POWER AND METHOD FOR OPERATING

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EP0374678A2 true EP0374678A2 (en) 1990-06-27
EP0374678A3 EP0374678A3 (en) 1991-05-02

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EP (1) EP0374678A3 (en)
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HU (1) HU202672B (en)

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EP0628987A3 (en) * 1993-06-07 1995-12-13 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Metal halide discharge lamp and method of making the same.
WO1995031001A1 (en) * 1994-05-10 1995-11-16 Philips Electronics N.V. Capped high-pressure discharge lamp with light-absorbing coating
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HUT52891A (en) 1990-08-28
HU896663D0 (en) 1990-02-28
JP2825569B2 (en) 1998-11-18
DE3842771A1 (en) 1990-06-21
JPH02220348A (en) 1990-09-03
DD290505A5 (en) 1991-05-29
US5017839A (en) 1991-05-21
HU202672B (en) 1991-03-28
EP0374678A3 (en) 1991-05-02

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