EP1709668B1 - Low-pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents
Low-pressure discharge lamp Download PDFInfo
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- EP1709668B1 EP1709668B1 EP04762554A EP04762554A EP1709668B1 EP 1709668 B1 EP1709668 B1 EP 1709668B1 EP 04762554 A EP04762554 A EP 04762554A EP 04762554 A EP04762554 A EP 04762554A EP 1709668 B1 EP1709668 B1 EP 1709668B1
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- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- power supply
- low
- pressure discharge
- discharge lamp
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting
- H01J61/545—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using an auxiliary electrode inside the vessel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/06—Main electrodes
- H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
- H01J61/0672—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode
Definitions
- the invention relates to a low-pressure discharge lamp having a substantially tubular and gas-tight at the ends of the discharge vessel made of glass, a filling of a noble gas mixture and possibly mercury and possibly a phosphor coating on the inner wall of the discharge vessel, wherein in the two ends of the discharge vessel in each case two power supply fused gas-tight are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel in this section and at its inner end a substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel extending coil electrode is attached.
- the lamp When a low-pressure discharge lamp starts cold without electrode preheating, the lamp will first start with a glow discharge when connected to the power supply. This glow discharge with a current in the range of a few mA goes into the arc discharge after about 20 to 100 ms, ie after the electrodes have been heated up. The transition from the glow discharge to the arc discharge is now the Arc at the transition from not pieced with electrode material part to bepasteten part of the electrode, since the pasted part of the electrode is still cold and thus not conductive. Due to the approach of the arc always at the same point of the helical electrode with each turn of the lamp there is a sputtering of electrode material and thus to a relation to the preheated electrode premature breakage of the electrode.
- the patent US 2,306,925 discloses cathodes formed as electrode coils for a low-pressure discharge lamp and auxiliary anodes associated therewith.
- the patent US 2,312,246 describes a discharge lamp with two electrode coils and the electrode coils associated auxiliary electrodes.
- the publication JP 62-291855 discloses a fluorescent lamp with two electrode coils. Each electrode coil is associated with two auxiliary anodes, which are fixed to the power supply lines of the respective electrode coil.
- JP 02-086041 discloses a low-pressure discharge lamp with two electrode coils whose power supply lines are each bent inwards.
- the publication EP 1 341 207 A2 discloses a fluorescent lamp with two electrode coils, which are formed as triple helices.
- JP 08-298096 discloses an electrode coil for a low-pressure discharge lamp and an auxiliary electrode connected in series with the electrode coil.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a low-pressure discharge lamp having a higher than the previously known low-pressure discharge lamps switching stability and thus prolonged average life at cold start operation.
- a low-pressure discharge lamp having a substantially tubular and gas-tight at the ends discharge vessel made of glass, a filling of a noble gas mixture and possibly mercury and possibly a phosphor coating on the inner wall of the discharge vessel, wherein in the two ends of the discharge vessel in each case two power supply lines gas-tight are melted, which extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel in this section and at its inner end a substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel helical electrode is fixed, thereby achieved that to increase the switching strength of the lamp during cold start operation, at least one further electrode a conductive material is disposed in the region between the helical electrode and the subsequent end of the discharge vessel, wherein one end of this further electrode with one of the two Stromzuf currencies is electrically connected and the free end of the further electrode is bent in the direction of the helix electrode.
- This additional electrode serves as a sacrificial electrode, because this is an electrode, the arc discharge for applying the sheet when inserting the arc discharge is offered, and it is irrelevant whether this material sputtered off this electrode.
- the arc discharge begins first at this sacrificial electrode and then jumps when the emitter material on the helical electrode has heated by ion bombardment so far that it is hot enough for the thermal emission of electrons, on the helical electrode over.
- the helical electrode must be heated to the required operating temperature of about 900 to 1500 K even when using another serving as a sacrificial electrode electrode and this can be achieved with sufficient speed only by ion bombardment, the ion bombardment at the turning electrode must not be completely prevented.
- the further electrode in order to keep the sputtering of electrode material from the filament electrode small, the further electrode must be geometrically positioned relative to filament electrode so that the plasma density at the filament electrode is substantially greater than the case without additional electrode, i. is lowered by a factor of about 100.
- the further electrode is advantageously mounted so that it lies for the most part between the two power supply lines when viewed perpendicular to the plane formed by the two power supply lines and the helical electrode.
- V P V NE - V SE ⁇ T e ln n P . NE n P . SE
- T e is the electron temperature
- n P NE is the plasma density at the location of the helical electrode
- n P SE is the plasma density at the location of the further electrode.
- the energy of the ions impinging on the helical electrode and the further electrode is about the same;
- a reduced ion current impinges on the helical electrode, which reduces the sputtering rate and thus extends the service life of the turning electrode during a cold start.
- the conductive material of the electrode has a high coefficient of secondary electron emission. Investigations with different materials showed that especially nickel and / or ruthenium but also tungsten are suitable for this purpose. In contrast, molybdenum, which should also be very suitable due to its high secondary electron emission coefficient, proved to be unsuitable, which is not yet understood.
- the switching strength of the lamp during cold start operation increases with decreasing diameter of the further electrode.
- the electrode must still have such a large diameter that it maintains sufficient stability over the life of the lamp.
- the further electrode advantageously consists of a wire with a wire diameter between 50 and 150 microns.
- the further electrode should be arranged as close as possible to the helical electrode.
- the further electrode extends in the direction of the other power supply essentially parallel to the axis of the helical electrode from the power supply with which it is electrically connected.
- Particularly advantageous results with respect to the arc attachment on the further electrode are obtained when the electrode extends 40 to 60% of the distance between the two power supply lines in the direction of the other power supply lines.
- the electric field at the additional electrode is preferably parallel to the axis of the discharge vessel, it is advantageous if a portion of the additional electrode points in this direction to hold the glow discharge at the additional electrode. For this reason, the free end of the further electrode is bent in the direction of the helical electrode.
- a favorable distance between the axis of the helical electrode and the free end or tip of the additional electrode depends essentially on the inner diameter of the discharge vessel in this area. If the glow discharge attaches to the additional electrode, forms around this electrode, a negative glow light, which is in the order of half the inner diameter of the discharge vessel. Directly at the surface of the further electrode forms the Cathode trap room off. Following the cathode trapping space, the plasma density in the negative glow light rises steeply to drop sharply after a maximum until the level of the positive column is reached at the end of the negative glow light.
- the free end of the further electrode (7, 8) has a spacing of (0.2-1) ⁇ R inner tube from the helical electrode (5), wherein R inner tube is the inner radius of the discharge vessel in this section of the discharge vessel.
- the further electrode (7, 8) with respect to the axis of the helical electrode by an angle of less than or equal to 45 ° rotated to be attached to the power supply.
- This promotes the ignition of the glow discharge at the sacrificial electrode since the initial electron avalanche passes from the electrode to the wall of the discharge vessel. The closer the sacrificial electrode to the wall of the discharge vessel, the more likely the ignition of the glow discharge takes place at the sacrificial electrode.
- a further improvement of the switching strength and thus the average lamp life in cold start operation is achieved if the lamp instead of another electrode as sacrificial electrode has two further electrodes, one end of each further electrode is connected to one of the two power supply lines of the same helical electrode, so that at each the two power supply lines another electrode is electrically connected.
- the figure shows one end of a compact low-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention with a power consumption of 21 W.
- the multiply wound EnHadungsgefäß 1 is composed of three U-shaped bent discharge vessel parts with a pipe outside diameter of 12 mm, which are connected by cross-fusions to a continuous discharge path. The two ends of the discharge vessel are closed by a pinch seal 2 gas-tight.
- two power supply lines 3, 4 made of Fe-Ni-Cr wire with a wire diameter of 400 microns sealed gas-tight, wearing at its inner end a helical electrode 5 made of double-threaded tungsten wire.
- the two power supply lines 3, 4 are additionally held by a glass bead 6 in the middle between the helical electrode 5 and the pinch seal 2, in which they are melted.
- one end of the discharge vessel 1 between the glass bead 6 and the helical electrode 5 at the two power supply lines 3, 4 is shown here as a sacrificial electrode.
- the two further electrodes 7, 8 are made of nickel wire with 125 microns wire diameter. They run away from the current supply lines 3, 4 parallel to the axis of the helical electrode 5 and are angled at their end at right angles to the helical electrode 5. There is a spacing of 1.25 mm between the tips of the further electrodes 7, 8 and the helical electrode 5.
- the sections of the further electrodes 7, 8 parallel to the coil electrode 5 have a length of 3 mm; they are each welded to the opposite side of the respective power supply 3 or 4 and thus do not touch each other.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Niederdruckentladungslampe mit einem im wesentlichen rohrförmigen und an den Enden gasdicht verschlossenen Entladungsgefäß aus Glas, einer Füllung aus einem Edelgasgemisch und eventuell Quecksilber sowie eventuell einer Leuchtstoffbeschichtung auf der Innenwand des Entladungsgefäßes, wobei in die beiden Enden des Entladungsgefäßes jeweils zwei Stromzuführungen gasdicht eingeschmolzenen sind, die im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsachse des Entladungsgefäßes in diesem Abschnitt verlaufen und an deren innerem Ende eine im wesentlichen quer zur Längsachse des Entladungsgefäßes verlaufende Wendelelektrode befestigt ist.The invention relates to a low-pressure discharge lamp having a substantially tubular and gas-tight at the ends of the discharge vessel made of glass, a filling of a noble gas mixture and possibly mercury and possibly a phosphor coating on the inner wall of the discharge vessel, wherein in the two ends of the discharge vessel in each case two power supply fused gas-tight are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel in this section and at its inner end a substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel extending coil electrode is attached.
Der Kaltstartbetrieb von Niederdruckentladungslampen, d.h. Betriebsgeräte für Niederdruckentladungslampen, die beim Start der Lampe keine Vorheizung der Elektroden bereitstellen, bekommt mehr und mehr an Bedeutung. Der Vorteil dieses Betriebes ist, dass sofort nach dem Verbinden mit dem Stromnetz eine Lichtabgabe durch die Lampe erfolgt. Gleichzeitig sind die Vorschaltgeräte für diese Lampen kostengünstiger herstellbar, da auf den Schaltungsteil für die Vorheizung verzichtet werden kann.The cold start operation of low pressure discharge lamps, i. Operating devices for low-pressure discharge lamps, which do not provide preheating of the electrodes when starting the lamp, are becoming more and more important. The advantage of this operation is that immediately after connection to the mains, light is emitted through the lamp. At the same time the ballasts for these lamps are cheaper to produce, as can be dispensed with the circuit part for preheating.
Bei einem Kaltstart einer Niederdruckentladungslampe ohne Elektrodenvorheizung startet die Lampe bei Anschluss an das Stromnetz zuerst mit einer Glimmentladung. Diese Glimmentladung mit einem Strom im Bereich von einigen mA geht nach ca. 20 bis 100 ms, d.h. nach dem Aufheizen der Elektroden in die Bogenentladung über. Beim Übergang von der Glimmentladung zur Bogenentladung setzt nun der Bogen am Übergang vom nicht mit Elektrodenmaterial bepasteten Teil zum bepasteten Teil der Elektrode an, da der bepastete Teil der Elektrode noch kalt und somit nicht leitfähig ist. Durch den Ansatz des Bogens immer an derselben Stelle der Wendelelektrode bei jedem Einschaltet der Lampe kommt es dort zu einem Absputtern von Elektrodenmaterial und so zu einem gegenüber der vorgeheizten Elektrode vorzeitigen Bruch der Elektrode. Selbst wenn die Wendelelektrode vollständig bis zu den stromführenden Stromzuführungen mit Emittermaterial bepastet ist, so weist sie doch herstellungsbedingt immer Stellen auf, an denen die Wendel nur sehr mangelhaft bis gar nicht bepastet ist. Die Bogenentladung wird dann immer an einem dieser Punkte ansetzen und so zu einem Bruch der Elektrode an dieser Stelle aufgrund des abgesputterten Elektrodenmaterials führen.When a low-pressure discharge lamp starts cold without electrode preheating, the lamp will first start with a glow discharge when connected to the power supply. This glow discharge with a current in the range of a few mA goes into the arc discharge after about 20 to 100 ms, ie after the electrodes have been heated up. The transition from the glow discharge to the arc discharge is now the Arc at the transition from not pieced with electrode material part to bepasteten part of the electrode, since the pasted part of the electrode is still cold and thus not conductive. Due to the approach of the arc always at the same point of the helical electrode with each turn of the lamp there is a sputtering of electrode material and thus to a relation to the preheated electrode premature breakage of the electrode. Even if the helical electrode is fully pasted up to the current-carrying power supply lines with emitter material, it always has production-related points where the helix is only very poorly pasted or not at all pasted. The arc discharge will then always start at one of these points and thus lead to a rupture of the electrode at this point due to the sputtered electrode material.
Die Patentschrift
Die Patentschrift
Die Offenlegungsschrift
Die Offenlegungsschrift
Die Offenlegungsschrift
Die Offenlegungsschrift
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Niederdruckentladungslampe zu schaffen, die bei Kaltstartbetrieb eine gegenüber den bisher bekannten Niederdruckentladungslampen höhere Schaltfestigkeit und damit verlängerte mittlere Lebensdauer besitzt.The object of the present invention is to provide a low-pressure discharge lamp having a higher than the previously known low-pressure discharge lamps switching stability and thus prolonged average life at cold start operation.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Niederdruckentladungslampe mit einem im wesentlichen rohrförmigen und an den Enden gasdicht verschlossenen Entladungsgefäß aus Glas, einer Füllung aus einem Edelgasgemisch und eventuell Quecksilber sowie eventuell einer Leuchtstoffbeschichtung auf der Innenwand des Entladungsgefäßes, wobei in die beiden Enden des Entladungsgefäßes jeweils zwei Stromzuführungen gasdicht eingeschmolzenen sind, die im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsachse des Entladungsgefäßes in diesem Abschnitt verlaufen und an deren innerem Ende eine im wesentlichen quer zur Längsachse des Entladungsgefäßes verlaufende Wendelelektrode befestigt ist, dadurch gelöst, dass zur Erhöhung der Schaltfestigkeit der Lampe bei Kaltstartbetrieb zumindest eine weitere Elektrode aus einem leitfähigen Material im Bereich zwischen der Wendelelektrode und dem anschließenden Ende des Entladungsgefäßes angeordnet ist, wobei ein Ende dieser weiteren Elektrode mit einer der beiden Stromzuführungen elektrisch verbunden ist und das freie Ende der weiteren Elektrode in Richtung der Wendelelektrode abgebogen ist.This object is achieved in a low-pressure discharge lamp having a substantially tubular and gas-tight at the ends discharge vessel made of glass, a filling of a noble gas mixture and possibly mercury and possibly a phosphor coating on the inner wall of the discharge vessel, wherein in the two ends of the discharge vessel in each case two power supply lines gas-tight are melted, which extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel in this section and at its inner end a substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel helical electrode is fixed, thereby achieved that to increase the switching strength of the lamp during cold start operation, at least one further electrode a conductive material is disposed in the region between the helical electrode and the subsequent end of the discharge vessel, wherein one end of this further electrode with one of the two Stromzuf currencies is electrically connected and the free end of the further electrode is bent in the direction of the helix electrode.
Diese zusätzliche Elektrode dient als Opferelektrode, denn hierbei handelt es sich um eine Elektrode, die der Bogenentladung zum Ansetzen des Bogens beim Einsetzen der Bogenentladung angeboten wird, wobei es unerheblich ist, ob dabei Material dieser Elektrode abgesputtert wird. Die Bogenentladung setzt zuerst an dieser Opferelektrode an und springt dann, wenn sich das Emittermaterial auf der Wendelelektrode durch lonenbeschuss soweit aufgeheizt hat, dass sie heiß genug ist für die thermische Emission von Elektronen, auf die Wendelelektrode über.This additional electrode serves as a sacrificial electrode, because this is an electrode, the arc discharge for applying the sheet when inserting the arc discharge is offered, and it is irrelevant whether this material sputtered off this electrode. The arc discharge begins first at this sacrificial electrode and then jumps when the emitter material on the helical electrode has heated by ion bombardment so far that it is hot enough for the thermal emission of electrons, on the helical electrode over.
Da die Wendelelektrode auch bei Verwendung einer weiteren als Opferelektrode dienenden Elektrode auf die benötigte Betriebstemperatur von ca. 900 bis 1500 K aufgeheizt werden muss und dies mit hinreichender Geschwindigkeit nur durch lonenbeschuss zu erreichen ist, darf der lonenbeschuss an der Wendelektrode nicht vollständig unterbunden werden. Um andererseits das Sputtern von Elektrodenmaterial von der Wendelelektrode klein zu halten, muss die weitere Elektrode geometrisch relativ zu Wendelelektrode so angebracht sein, das die Plasmadichte an der Wendelelektrode gegenüber dem Fall ohne zusätzliche Elektrode wesentlich, d.h. um einen Faktor von ca. 100 abgesenkt ist. Um dieses zu erreichen, ist die weitere Elektrode vorteilhaft so angebracht, dass sie bei senkrechtem Blick auf die von den zwei Stromzuführungen und der Wendelelektrode gebildete Ebene größtenteils zwischen den zwei Stromzuführungen liegt.Since the helical electrode must be heated to the required operating temperature of about 900 to 1500 K even when using another serving as a sacrificial electrode electrode and this can be achieved with sufficient speed only by ion bombardment, the ion bombardment at the turning electrode must not be completely prevented. On the other hand, in order to keep the sputtering of electrode material from the filament electrode small, the further electrode must be geometrically positioned relative to filament electrode so that the plasma density at the filament electrode is substantially greater than the case without additional electrode, i. is lowered by a factor of about 100. In order to achieve this, the further electrode is advantageously mounted so that it lies for the most part between the two power supply lines when viewed perpendicular to the plane formed by the two power supply lines and the helical electrode.
Die Potentialdifferenz zwischen dem Plasma an der Wendelektrode VNE und an der weiteren Opferelektrode VSE ist 
Um das Ansetzen der Bogenentladung an der weiteren Elektrode zu erleichtern, weist das leitfähige Material der Elektrode einen hohen Koeffizienten für die Sekundärelektronenemission auf. Untersuchungen mit unterschiedlichen Materialien zeigten, dass insbesondere Nickel und/oder Ruthenium aber auch Wolfram hierfür geeignet sind. Dagegen erwies sich Molybdän, das aufgrund seines hohen Sekundärelektronenemissionskoeffizienten ebenfalls sehr gut geeignet sein sollte, als nicht geeignet, was bis jetzt nicht verstanden wird.In order to facilitate the application of the arc discharge to the other electrode, the conductive material of the electrode has a high coefficient of secondary electron emission. Investigations with different materials showed that especially nickel and / or ruthenium but also tungsten are suitable for this purpose. In contrast, molybdenum, which should also be very suitable due to its high secondary electron emission coefficient, proved to be unsuitable, which is not yet understood.
Weitere Untersuchungen zeigten dass die Schaltfestigkeit der Lampe bei Kaltstartbetrieb mit abnehmendem Durchmesser der weiteren Elektrode zunimmt. Die Elektrode muss dabei jedoch noch einen so großen Durchmesser besitzen, das sie über die Lebensdauer der Lampe eine ausreichende Stabilität behält. Aus diesem Grund besteht die weitere Elektrode vorteilhaft aus einem Draht mit einem Drahtdurchmesser zwischen 50 und 150 µm.Further investigations showed that the switching strength of the lamp during cold start operation increases with decreasing diameter of the further electrode. However, the electrode must still have such a large diameter that it maintains sufficient stability over the life of the lamp. For this reason, the further electrode advantageously consists of a wire with a wire diameter between 50 and 150 microns.
Für eine gute Sekundärelektronenemission sollte die weitere Elektrode möglichst nahe der Wendelelektrode angeordnet ist. Hierzu bietet sich insbesondere an, dass sich die weitere Elektrode im wesentlichen parallel zur Achse der Wendelelektrode von der Stromzuführung, mit der sie elektrisch verbunden ist, in Richtung der anderen Stromzuführung erstreckt. Besonders vorteilhafte Ergebnisse in Bezug auf den Bogenansatz auf der weiteren Elektrode werden erhalten, wenn sich die Elektrode 40 bis 60 % des Abstandes zwischen den beiden Stromzuführungen in Richtung der anderen Stromzuführungen erstreckt. Da nach der Zündung der Lampe das elektrische Feld an der zusätzlichen Elektrode bevorzugt parallel zur Achse des Entladungsgefäßes verläuft ist, es vorteilhaft wenn ein Teil der zusätzlichen Elektrode in diese Richtung zeigt, um die Glimmentladung an der zusätzlichen Elektrode zu halten. Aus diesem Grund ist das freie Ende der weiteren Elektrode in Richtung der Wendelelektrode hin abgebogen.For a good secondary electron emission, the further electrode should be arranged as close as possible to the helical electrode. For this purpose, it is particularly appropriate that the further electrode extends in the direction of the other power supply essentially parallel to the axis of the helical electrode from the power supply with which it is electrically connected. Particularly advantageous results with respect to the arc attachment on the further electrode are obtained when the electrode extends 40 to 60% of the distance between the two power supply lines in the direction of the other power supply lines. Since after ignition of the lamp, the electric field at the additional electrode is preferably parallel to the axis of the discharge vessel, it is advantageous if a portion of the additional electrode points in this direction to hold the glow discharge at the additional electrode. For this reason, the free end of the further electrode is bent in the direction of the helical electrode.
Ein günstiger Abstand zwischen der Achse der Wendelelektrode und freiem Ende bzw. Spitze der zusätzlichen Elektrode hängt wesentlich vom Innendurchmesser des Entladungsgefäßes in diesem Bereich ab. Wenn die Glimmentladung an der zusätzlichen Elektrode ansetzt, bildet sich um diese Elektrode ein negatives Glimmlicht aus, das in der Größenordnung des halben Innendurchmessers des Entladungsgefäßes liegt. Direkt an der Oberfläche der weiteren Elektrode bildet sich der Kathodenfallraum aus. Im Anschluss an den Kathodenfallraum steigt die Plasmadichte im negativen Glimmlicht steil an, um nach einem Maximum deutlich abzufallen, bis das Niveau der positiven Säule am Ende des negativen Glimmlichts erreicht wird. Vorzugsweise besitzt daher das freie Ende der weiteren Elektrode (7, 8) einen Abstand von (0,2 - 1) × RInnenrohr von der Wendelelektrode (5), wobei RInnenrohr der innere Radius des Entladungsgefäßes in diesem Abschnitt des Entladungsgefäßes ist.A favorable distance between the axis of the helical electrode and the free end or tip of the additional electrode depends essentially on the inner diameter of the discharge vessel in this area. If the glow discharge attaches to the additional electrode, forms around this electrode, a negative glow light, which is in the order of half the inner diameter of the discharge vessel. Directly at the surface of the further electrode forms the Cathode trap room off. Following the cathode trapping space, the plasma density in the negative glow light rises steeply to drop sharply after a maximum until the level of the positive column is reached at the end of the negative glow light. Preferably, therefore, the free end of the further electrode (7, 8) has a spacing of (0.2-1) × R inner tube from the helical electrode (5), wherein R inner tube is the inner radius of the discharge vessel in this section of the discharge vessel.
Vorteilhaft kann weiterhin die weitere Elektrode (7, 8) in Bezug auf die Achse der Wendelelektrode um einen Winkel von kleiner gleich 45° gedreht an der Stromzuführung befestigt sein. Dies begünstigt die Zündung der Glimmentladung an der Opferelektrode, da die anfängliche Elektronenlawine von der Elektrode zur Wand des Entladungsgefäßes verläuft. Je näher die Opferelektrode der Wand des Entladungsgefäßes kommt, desto wahrscheinlicher erfolgt die Zündung der Glimmentladung an der Opferelektrode.Advantageously, further, the further electrode (7, 8) with respect to the axis of the helical electrode by an angle of less than or equal to 45 ° rotated to be attached to the power supply. This promotes the ignition of the glow discharge at the sacrificial electrode since the initial electron avalanche passes from the electrode to the wall of the discharge vessel. The closer the sacrificial electrode to the wall of the discharge vessel, the more likely the ignition of the glow discharge takes place at the sacrificial electrode.
Eine weitere Verbesserung der Schaltfestigkeit und damit der mittleren Lampenlebensdauer beim Kaltstartbetrieb wird erreicht, wenn die Lampe anstelle einer weiteren Elektrode als Opferelektrode zwei weitere Elektroden aufweist, wobei jeweils ein Ende jeder weiteren Elektrode mit einer der beiden Stromzuführungen derselben Wendelelektrode verbunden ist, so dass an jeder der beiden Stromzuführungen eine weitere Elektrode elektrisch angeschlossen ist.A further improvement of the switching strength and thus the average lamp life in cold start operation is achieved if the lamp instead of another electrode as sacrificial electrode has two further electrodes, one end of each further electrode is connected to one of the two power supply lines of the same helical electrode, so that at each the two power supply lines another electrode is electrically connected.
Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand des folgenden Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden.In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following embodiment.
Die Figur zeigt ein Ende einer erfindungsgemäßen kompakten Niederdruckentladungslampe mit einer Leistungsaufnahme von 21 W. Das mehrfach gewundene EnHadungsgefäß 1 setzt sich aus drei U-förmig gebogenen Entladungsgefäßteilen mit einem Rohraußendurchmesser von 12 mm zusammen, die durch Querverschmelzungen zu einem zusammenhängenden Entladungsweg verbunden sind. Die beiden Enden des Entladungsgefäßes sind durch eine Quetschung 2 gasdicht verschlossen. In jede dieser Quetschungen sind zwei Stromzuführungen 3, 4 aus Fe-Ni-Cr-Draht mit einem Drahtdurchmesser von 400 µm gasdicht eingeschmolzen, die an ihrem inneren Ende eine Wendelelektrode 5 aus doppelgewendeltem Wolframdraht tragen. Die beiden Stromzuführungen 3, 4 werden zusätzlich durch eine Glasperle 6 in der Mitte zwischen der Wendelelektrode 5 und der Quetschung 2, in die sie eingeschmolzen sind, gehalten.The figure shows one end of a compact low-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention with a power consumption of 21 W. The multiply wound EnHadungsgefäß 1 is composed of three U-shaped bent discharge vessel parts with a pipe outside diameter of 12 mm, which are connected by cross-fusions to a continuous discharge path. The two ends of the discharge vessel are closed by a
Erfindungsgemäß sind bei dem hier gezeigten einen Ende des Entladungsgefäßes 1 zwischen der Glasperle 6 und der Wendelelektrode 5 an den beiden Stromzuführungen 3, 4 jeweils eine weitere Elektrode 7, 8 als Opferelektrode angebracht. Die beiden weiteren Elektroden 7, 8 bestehen aus Nickeldraht mit 125 µm Drahtdurchmesser. Sie verlaufen von den Stromzuführungen 3, 4 weg parallel zur Achse der Wendelelektrode 5 und sind an ihrem Ende im rechten Winkel zur Wendelelektrode 5 hin abgewinkelt. Zwischen den Spitzen der weiteren Elektroden 7, 8 und der Wendelelektrode 5 besteht ein Abstand von 1,25 mm. Die zur Wendelelektrode 5 parallelen Abschnitte der weiteren Elektroden 7, 8 weisen eine Länge von 3 mm auf; sie sind jeweils an der gegenüberliegenden Seite der jeweiligen Stromzuführung 3 bzw. 4 angeschweißt und berühren sich somit nicht.According to the invention, one end of the
Messungen zeigen, dass durch die Ausstattung der oben beschriebenen kompakten Niederdruckentladungslampe mit zwei weiteren Elektroden als Opferelektroden bei Kaltstartbetrieb gegenüber einer gleichen Lampe ohne diese weiteren Elektroden eine Erhöhung der mittleren Schaltzahl um 10000 Schaltungen, d.h. Netzverbindungen erreichbar ist.Measurements show that by equipping the above-described compact low-pressure discharge lamp with two further electrodes as sacrificial electrodes in cold start operation with respect to a same lamp without these further electrodes, an increase in the mean number of switching by 10,000 circuits, i. Network connections is reached.
Claims (12)
- Low-pressure discharge lamp having an essentially tubular discharge vessel (1) which consists of glass and is sealed in a gas-tight manner at the ends, having a filling comprising a noble gas mixture and possibly mercury and possibly having a fluorescent coating on the inner wall of the discharge vessel (1), in each case two power supply lines (3, 4) being fused into the two ends of the discharge vessel (1) in a gas-tight manner and running essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel (1) in this section, a filament electrode (5), which runs essentially transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel, being fixed at the inner end of each of said two power supply lines (3, 4), in order to increase the switching strength of the lamp during coldstarting operation, at least one further electrode (7, 8) consisting of a conductive material being arranged in the region between the filament electrode (5) and the adjoining end of the discharge vessel (1), and one end of this further electrode (7, 8) being electrically connected to one of the two power supply lines (3, 4), characterized in that the free end of the further electrode (7, 8) is bent back in the direction of the filament electrode (5).
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in a vertical view of the plane formed by the two power supply lines (3, 4) and the filament electrode (5), the further electrode (7, 8) lies largely between the two power supply lines (3, 4).
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the conductive material of the further electrode (7, 8) has a high coefficient for secondary electron emission.
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the conductive material of the further electrode (7, 8) is nickel and/or ruthenium.
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the conductive material of the further electrode (7, 8) is tungsten.
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the further electrode (7, 8) comprises a wire.
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 6, characterized in that the wire has a wire diameter of between 50 and 150 µm.
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the further electrode (7, 8) extends essentially parallel to the axis of the filament electrode (5) from the power supply line (3, 4) to which it is electrically connected in the direction of the other power supply line (3, 4).
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 8, characterized in that the further electrode (7, 8) extends from the power supply line (3, 4) to which it is electrically connected for 40 to 60% of the distance between the two power supply lines (3, 4) in the direction of other power supply line (3, 4).
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the free end of the further electrode (7, 8) has a distance of (0.2 - 1) x Rinner tube from the axis of the filament electrode (5), Rinner tube being the inner radius of the discharge vessel (1) in this section of the discharge vessel (1).
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the further electrode (7, 8) is fixed to the power supply line in a position in which it is rotated through an angle of less than or equal to 45° in relation to the axis of the filament electrode.
- Low-pressure discharge lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lamp has two further electrodes (7, 8), in each case one end of each further electrode (7, 8) being connected to one of the two power supply lines (3, 4) of the same filament electrode (5) such that a further electrode (7, 8) is electrically connected to each of the two power supply lines (3, 4).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004004655A DE102004004655A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 | 2004-01-29 | Low-pressure discharge lamp |
| PCT/DE2004/001709 WO2005074007A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 | 2004-07-30 | Low-pressure discharge lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1709668A1 EP1709668A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| EP1709668B1 true EP1709668B1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
Family
ID=34801248
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04762554A Not-in-force EP1709668B1 (en) | 2004-01-29 | 2004-07-30 | Low-pressure discharge lamp |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7385353B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1709668B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007520034A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1906731B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE408238T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2554272A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE102004004655A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005074007A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7893617B2 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2011-02-22 | General Electric Company | Metal electrodes for electric plasma discharge devices |
| DE102006052760A1 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-15 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Method for manufacturing and inserting an electrode frame with a lamp filament into a discharge vessel of a discharge lamp |
| DE102006052952A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Discharge lamp with a discharge vessel and an electrode frame |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2272486A (en) * | 1939-04-10 | 1942-02-10 | Gen Electric | Gaseous discharge device and electrode assembly for use therein |
| US2312246A (en) * | 1939-05-12 | 1943-02-23 | Gen Electric | Electric discharge device |
| US2306925A (en) * | 1941-07-29 | 1942-12-29 | Gen Electric | Electrode and its fabrication |
| US3549937A (en) * | 1968-02-03 | 1970-12-22 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Low pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp including an alloy type getter coating |
| JPS62291855A (en) * | 1986-06-11 | 1987-12-18 | Matsushita Electronics Corp | Fluorescent lamp |
| JPS63141252A (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-13 | Hitachi Ltd | Low pressure discharge lamp |
| JPH0286041A (en) * | 1988-09-20 | 1990-03-27 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp |
| JPH06229185A (en) | 1993-02-04 | 1994-08-16 | Tomotake Shigemori | Connecting mechanism of rod for excavator, etc. |
| JPH08298096A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1996-11-12 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Electrode for low pressure discharge lamp and manufacture thereof |
| EP0777261B1 (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 2002-05-08 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Low-pressure discharge lamp |
| US5905339A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1999-05-18 | Philips Electronics North America Corporation | Gas discharge lamp having an electrode with a low heat capacity tip |
| US6809477B2 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2004-10-26 | General Electric Company | Fluorescent lamp electrode for instant start circuits |
| WO2004068532A2 (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2004-08-12 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Fluorescent lamp with a second ballast for dimmed lighting mode |
-
2004
- 2004-01-29 DE DE102004004655A patent/DE102004004655A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-07-30 US US10/586,928 patent/US7385353B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-30 WO PCT/DE2004/001709 patent/WO2005074007A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-07-30 DE DE502004008052T patent/DE502004008052D1/en active Active
- 2004-07-30 CN CN200480041073XA patent/CN1906731B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-30 AT AT04762554T patent/ATE408238T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-07-30 CA CA002554272A patent/CA2554272A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-07-30 EP EP04762554A patent/EP1709668B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-07-30 JP JP2006549843A patent/JP2007520034A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1709668A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| JP2007520034A (en) | 2007-07-19 |
| CN1906731B (en) | 2010-04-28 |
| CN1906731A (en) | 2007-01-31 |
| DE102004004655A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
| WO2005074007A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
| US20070114941A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
| ATE408238T1 (en) | 2008-09-15 |
| US7385353B2 (en) | 2008-06-10 |
| DE502004008052D1 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
| CA2554272A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
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