TW484165B - Low-power high-pressure sodium lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The low-power high-pressure sodium discharge lamp described here is distinguished by a very high xenon cold filling pressure of at least one bar. The pressure ratio relative to the sodium operating pressure is between 10 and 30. As a result, light efficiencies of approximately 100 lm/W and higher can be achieved for a lamp power of 50 to 100 W.

Description

484165 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (1) Fang Shucheng This invention originated from a high-pressure sodium discharge lamp according to item 1 of the scope of patent application. Especially contained here is a kind of power with a maximum of 100 watts And high xenon pressure high krypton lamps. Generally, this lamp has a cylindrical discharge tube made of alumina, which is housed in a transparent outer tube. The basic characteristics of high-pressure nano-discharge lamp design have been well known for a long time. Similarly, the use of xenon gas in these lamps with relatively high pressure has increased the efficiency of lighting for some time. For example, it was described by DEGR00T / VAH VLIET (Philips Technology Library, Deventer, 1986) on related topics. Papers 299 and 300 in the paper "High-Voltage Sodium Lamps" • It is mentioned that it is possible to increase the luminous efficiency by 10 to 15X, as long as one is in a so-called super-bulb and one uses 20 to 40kPa (200 to 400nb) of xenon cold charge and replaces The original standard pressure of about 30ib can be achieved. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ------- Order (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) At the same time, page 299 also states that The lighting efficiency in the lamp will decrease sharply with the decrease of the lamp power. Even under the condition of increasing the xenon pressure, the lighting efficiency of a 50-watt bulb power is up to 85 lumens / watt (U / W), while an approx. With a 400-watt bulb power, its lighting efficiency can reach about 138U / W. DE-C 26 00 35 1 describes a mercury-free high-pressure sodium lamp that is particularly suitable for commonly known self-stable operation. It has a PNaB = 4 to 93nb nanometer working pressure, a gas working pressure PXe (heat) 2 sooiBb, and a calendar power ratio PNaB. / PXe (Hot) ^ 1/20. Factors commonly used in examinations 8 (see DE_C 28 14 882, line 2 -3-_ This paper Λ degree applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 484165 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2

Printed in the middle of the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs) M is convenient for switching between S working pressure and .Cold-charging PXeK _ _ thus forming a pressure ratio Pv ^ / P = 2.5, claiming to be a% of the collaboration of the Ώ XeE NaB said " The purpose of the operation is to operate a high-pressure sodium lamp without a stabilizer. This operation does not require a long decay time of the plasma formed by the filling gas. &Amp; 7 to achieve this long decay time, using a well-known method of K, that is: $: stomach; (: eye when high xenon And the relatively large inner diameter of the discharge tube (see also the related topics described in pages 126 and 154 of GROUP / VAN VLIET 胄 & &gt;. According to DE GRIOT / VAN VLIET page 15 5), the self-stable operation of high-pressure nano-lamps No actual application has been found, the main reason is the problem of the sudden change of the voltage and the system voltage. The high-voltage sodium lamp described in DE-C 26 00 35 1 has 400 W high power and a large inner diameter. 7.6mm, air cooling charge is 2601 &amp; 1) and pressure ratio Pγ λβκ / PNaB is about 3.5. As a result, for high power of 400W, a luminous efficiency of only 1101m / tf can be achieved. This Reference example, compared with other high-voltage nano-lamps, it neither targets nor achieves a particularly high luminous efficiency. According to DE GR00T / VAN VLIET. Figures 10 and 18 (page 29 9), for a 400W power, In other words, it is possible that the luminous efficiency is as high as 138U / W. Luminous efficiency and the function of the lamp The related principle is illustrated again in Figure 3 for comparison purposes. (See below) A mercury-free high-pressure nano-lamp without a self-stabilizing function is described in DE-B 28 14 882. In this type, The reference value of the working pressure PNaB for xenon cold charge PXeK to sodium is suggested as follows: ^^ <PxeK / PNaB <6, PNaB = 150 to 5 00 mbar (mb) PXeK / PNaF pressure ratio, according to DE- As described in C 26 00 3 5 1. One four one (please read the precautions on the back before filling in page i). Installation · 'τ-line · Jie paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) Μ specifications (210X 297 public (Centi) 484165 A7: μ, ^ ^ ΓΆ (^ _______ Β7 j 长长 -_ V. Description of the Invention (5) In any case, the advice in DE-B 28 14 88? (Row 3, column 41f) does not require excessive increase. The xenon pressure exceeds the upper limit because of the disadvantages mentioned below: making starting difficult but not increasing the lighting efficiency ^ In a typical embodiment, a low power lamp of 70 and 100 watts, which

= 230lDb, ® cold charging pressure is about 500mb. Its corresponding P / P

The XeK NaB pressure ratio is approximately 2 to 2.5. Therefore, for a power of 70 watts or 100 watts, the luminous efficiency can reach 97 or 105 lumens / watt (ηη / ν), respectively. These values are marked "X" in Figure 3 for easy comparison. The invention is not; 的 The object of the present invention is to provide a low-power high-voltage sodium lamp, which has high luminous efficiency, as described in item 1 of the patent application scope. This objective can be achieved by the characteristics described in the first patent application. In particular, some beneficial improvements were found in the scope of patent applications under the dependent items. According to the present invention, the discharge tube (or light-emitting tube) of a low-power high-pressure nano-lamp contains at least nano- and xenon. Under this condition, low power is understandable, especially lamp power less than or equal to 100 watts. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs In this case, PKaB is the working pressure of sodium, and PXeK is the cold pressure of xenon. Surprisingly, if P_B = 20 to 100 millibar (mb) and PXeK = 1 to 5 bar, and the conditions of PXeK / PNaB 2 1 〇 are also satisfied at the same time; then this low power case is compared with the previously improved bulb , Its luminous efficiency can be increased by 20¾, the pressure ratio is more favorable between PXeK / PNaff between 10 and 30. Mercury can be added to the bulb to increase the operating voltage. -5-This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 × 297 mm) 484165 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) The xenon pressure exceeds the previously known high-pressure nanolamps with high xenon pressure (such as NAV Super Lamp, produced by OSRAH) with a ratio of 3 to 10 of its customary value. The result in this situation is a 20J! Increase in luminous efficiency over NAV superlights. The method of increasing the xenon pressure to increase the luminous efficiency of high-pressure nano-lamps has been mentioned previously (see DE GR00T / VAN VLIET, pages 153 and 299-300), and has been commercially used in the commonly known NAV super (SUPER ) On the light. However, the present invention increases the xenon pressure more than the NAV-SUPER bulb to achieve the purpose of improving the luminous efficiency, and the increase of the luminous efficiency is unexpectedly high and to an unknown level. Therefore, for example, the luminous efficiency of a lamp is 10 to 15% higher than that of a commonly known standard bulb (with a 30ab atmosphere cold charge), and the related xenon cold charge pressure needs to be increased to 200 to 400nb, which is described in DE GR00T / VAN VLIET p. 300. This further pressure increase is ruled out as it will make startup more difficult. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back before filling this page). The surprising characteristic of the light bulb of the present invention is that it is based on a special purpose of a known business state, except that it has not been considered by experts so far other than. Of course, it does not significantly reduce the luminous efficiency of a known high-voltage nanolamp for low lamp power (DE GR00T / VAH VLIET, page 299; see below figure 3). This rule is due to the low lamp power environment, which has lower radiation efficiency and higher electrode losses than high lamp power; however, this interpretation is incorrect. This basic reason would rather explain that the components of arcing heat loss are like a part of the power of the bulb, and become larger as the power of the bulb decreases. Xenon can be regarded as a kind of priming gas under the high pressure state of charge, so that the heat loss is reduced due to the low heat conduction of xenon. This effect is more beneficial to the light efficiency of smaller bulbs. Here, xenon and sodium-6-This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 484165 A7 f 1 this tear October B7 * V. Description of invention (Employees of Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs The piezoconductor printed by the consumer cooperative goes to the small display, 1. bb is extended to 2. high, 〇 is more 3, K produces the right before the change, the force of the xenon voltage point is absolute. Phase power is easier Seeing less than 1 bar and less, using the original high-energy xenon pressure storage steam, this highly efficient gas is obvious, and the present invention is quite acceptable. The addition of mercury to the temperature is important. It means that compared to xenon, there is a high heat to the nanometer. The higher the xenon pressure, the better the prevention of heat loss. In terms of increasing luminous efficiency, the effect of this last method is (Cold pressure) high xenon xenon pressure, many benefits: heat loss will make the life of the discharge tube. In addition, the wall temperature that the discharge tube can be in. In this case the rate density increases. In the diffusion. This will Reduced hair, causing NAV SUPER lights in the electrode section In the case of pressure on the bubble, it is easy to see the use of the case, due to its contribution. This contribution is different from the discharge of xenon in the form of gas at room temperature, which will have a stable situation with a bulb (such as The contribution of the working voltage is not only determined by the number of nanoatoms and the system voltage. Mercury additives also play a role of -7-in addition to increasing the luminous efficiency, the wall temperature is relatively low, so it is lowered. In addition, the luminous efficiency is also known as the amount of blackening of the electrode discharge tube wall can be reduced during the start-up operation. The result of a longer life is that the high xenon pressure has nothing to do with the working voltage tube temperature, because the phase exists. For the effect of system voltage. In contrast, first according to DE-B 28 14 8δ2). For the work of those bulbs, it is strongly influenced by the coldest fluctuation or manufacturing error. ----- Approve clothes ------ 1Τ ------ hand /, body /-· (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in the page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210 × 297 mm)

V 484165 A7 B7 丨 _ 丨 Reprinted by the Consumers Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5.Invention Note (6) Color ο 4. In the operation of the lamp, the high xenon pressure produces a particularly low restart peak, which will prolong the lamp. The service life is due to the load of the electrode's igniter, and it provides higher safety to prevent damage due to sudden changes in system voltage. 5. In the spectrum of sodium, xenon will affect the broadening of the peak distance in the spectral cycle of the nanocommon line (d line), it will be widened by the pressure and it will absorb itself in its center. This effect is known in principle (see DE GROOT / VAN VUET, especially 16a · Plate 1C). As a result, the nano-pressure can be reduced in association with the same color temperature and color display. This effect works thoroughly at very high xenon pressures of at least 1 bar (cold). In the case of the present invention, the nano-pressure is more preferably set lower than the xenon pressure, and the typical peak distance between the two wings of the resonance line is lOnm, which is at most 12 nm. The basic prerequisites in this case are to select a pressure ratio PXeK / pNaB ^ 10 and Pd = 20 to 100mb. Under these conditions, the production of the optimal luminous efficiency has already appeared. In contrast, under the conditions of DE-B 28 14 882, the peak distance between the two wings of the sodium D line is at least 15 to 20 nm, because PNaB is Relatively high (see above). This can be evaluated with help as specified in DE GR00T / VAN VLIET, page 87 (3.28). Items 3 and 5 provide additional justification for choosing a low working pressure. Typical nano vapor pressures of the present invention are 20 to 100rab. In this regard, the low nano-pressure has many advantages: 1. The temperature of the discharge tube at the coldest point is only 840-950 k at a nano-vapor pressure of 20 to 100 mb. The coldest spot is always near the airtight layer, and the temperature of the airtight layer 150k is colder than the previously known bulb situation (see 8- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) I- -------- ^ ------ Order ------ line η 1 '\ (Please read the notes on the back before filling in the page) 484165 A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention (7) DE -B 28 14 882); 2. Corrosion of the wall of the discharge tube caused by the nanometer, it would rather occur in the center of the tube (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). The corrosion will be reduced due to the low nanometer bias. The result is another improvement in the use of fatality. As mentioned in DE-B 28 14 882, for the disadvantage of impairing the starting ability, in the case of low lamp power, by improving the lamp caps, lamp holders and starting devices used commercially, M and xenon pressure should not be Too high (over 5barsK), the disadvantages can be effectively prevented. It is advantageous to limit the xenon pressure to 3 barsM. These improved parts have been used in commercial gold halide halogen lamps from OSRAH (such as HQI-E 100W / NDL and tfDL). In contrast, according to the situation of the bulb of the present invention, for NAV bulbs, the usual starting device is used to achieve Starting is impossible. In contrast to DE-C 26 00 351, the bulbs described here are neither intended nor suitable for self-stable operation. In this case, the working pressure of xenon according to the present invention is also between 8 and 24 bars, which is higher than the typical value of 1.8 bar in the space. As mentioned in DE-C 26 00 351 printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the heat of the discharge tube is necessary at startup (another, a normal stabilizer can be used), but in this The situation with the inventive discharge tube is not necessary. According to the present invention, the discharge tube preferably has an attachment (the niobium tube is opened at the head end). This method is possible by a known method, that is, adding xenon gas under high pressure filling and sealing after the filling operation is completed. As with nano and xenon, the bulb according to the present invention is particularly capable of adding mercury to the filling. The increase in luminous efficiency is similar to that with or without the addition of mercury. 9-_ The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 484165 A7 _____B7__ 5. Description of the invention. (8) Light intensity of the bulb. A typical bulb filled with mercury additives uses an amalgam containing 18X specific gravity. The inner diameter of the discharge tube is preferably between 2.5 and 5hii, especially up to 4mB. Self-stability is excluded from these sizes given initially. By means of comparison, the inner diameter of the standard in DE-C 26 00 351 is larger than the integer power of 10. Although the discharge tube is usually a cylinder, it can also have different geometries, such as a protrusion in the middle. Another benefit of high-pressure nano-lamps is the presence of a capacitive starting rib, such as along the wires of a discharge tube. In contrast to DE-C 26 00 351, the lamp according to the invention does not require preheating. These bulbs usually have a niobium tube attached, as described previously, for example, DE GR00T / VAM VLIET, page 251, pages 8 and 30. In this way, the lamp can be operated by an ordinary or humming electronic ballast. The discharge tube discussed here preferably uses a cylindrical or oval outer tube. Brief description of the drawings _ The present invention is explained by the following typical embodiments. In the drawing, the first figure shows a high-voltage sodium lamp; printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the back Note: Please fill in this page again.) Figure 2 shows the luminous efficiency ratio of each high-pressure sodium lamp (each lamp has 50 watts of power) with different xenon gas pressure (regardless of apricot containing mercury); And the luminous efficiency ratio of each high pressure nano lamp with different xenon pressure. The high-voltage nanolamp shown in Fig. 1 has a power of 50 watts and contains a discharge tube 1 made of alumina. The discharge tube is placed on a hard glass paper that applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) as much as possible. 484165: Amendment &gt; Α7 ή- The first day of the month B7 丨 Supplement 15, Invention Description (9) Inside the cylindrical outer tube 2 printed by the employee's cooperative of the Central Procurement Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the two ends are sealed inside by the lamp cap 3 respectively. The outer tube 2 is evacuated. Two electrodes 4 separated by 30 mm are located at both ends of the inner diameter discharge tube 1 respectively. The first electrode farther from the lamp cap is a tubular niobium bush 5 and an attacher 6, which is then connected to a lead 7 connected to a solid external feeder 8, which connects a contact point of the cap 3. The second electrode 4 is also connected to a metal wire 15 through a cymbal bush 5 (connector). The latter passes a second contact point to the lamp cap 3. The discharge tube is equipped with a capacitive starting aid, and one is formed along the starting wire 17 of the discharge tube. The starter is conductively connected to the second electrode 4. For example, if a light bulb passes an AC voltage system of 20 volts (V) through the starter circuit 2 in the lamp cap, its starting electricity (kV) is contained in the discharge tube 2. The discharge tube 2 contains a cold charge voltage made of only nano and xenon. (PXeK) is 3 bar, and the work of nano is 100 millibar (mb), the result is PXeK / PNaB = 30. This bulb can achieve a luminous flux of 5100 lumens (Um) and a luminous efficiency of watts (see Figure 2, solid triangular measurement point # 1 at 3000 mbar). Compared with this bulb, the watt bulb has a 300 mbar xenon cold charge (super type), a luminous flux of 4200 lumens and a corresponding 81 lumens / watt and a top cover density of 3.3 mm; 4 is through the line 7, The lead discharge tube to the lamp does not need to be connected by an attached conductor 16. The device is electrically connected by wire 17 to K to a 4 volt filling. Xenon Charge® (P Boat B) 102 lumens / xenon cold charge pressure, the previous 50, can only reach the luminous efficiency (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Alignment 11- This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 484165 A7 __B7_ 5. Description of the invention (10) (refer to Figure 2, hollow triangular measuring point). Figure 2 also shows that a more advanced bulb (standard type) with a low xenon pressure of up to 100 mb, which has a total luminous efficiency of about 70 lumens / watt at a xenon pressure of 30 mb (see Figure 2, hollow triangle measurement points) ). Figure 3 illustrates the dependence of the light emission efficiency on the lamp power according to the method of DE GROOT / VAN VLIET. The example above (1021 «/ W for a 50 watt bulb power) is marked by a K diamond measurement point. Clearly tied above the know-how. In the second exemplary embodiment, the bulb of the same design works only with a xenon pressure of one bar and a nanopressure of 50 mbar. Its ratio is PχβΚ / PFaB = 20. Refer to Figure 2. At 95 lumens / Wana solid triangle measurement point # 2, the corresponding xenon cold charge pressure is 1000 mbar, and its luminous efficiency is actually better than previously known. Light bulb is high. The relatively low air pressure makes it easier to start than the first exemplary embodiment. The starting voltage is 3k V. These two bulbs are particularly suitable for new devices with stronger starting devices. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) In the third exemplary embodiment, the same design of a 50-watt light bulb is additionally filled with mercury. Form amalgam, this amalgam contains 18¾ nanometer, the rest is mercury. This bulb exhibits a luminous efficiency of 105 lumens / watt (in the second circle, a solid circular measurement point # 3) · The connected Xenon cold charge pressure is 2 mbar, the nano working pressure is 80 mbar, and the pressure ratio is PXeK / PNaB = 2 5 · 0 〇 Equivalently, the fourth exemplary embodiment (50 watts) has a cold filling pressure of xenon of 1 bar and its associated same nanometer / mercury (Na / Hg) ratio, showing 93 lumens / Watt luminous efficiency (Figure 2, solid circular measuring point Lin 4). This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 484165 * A7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention (11) Contains mercury and has a low xenon cold charge pressure (super krypton type and standard type) Sodium gas lamps, for comparison, their luminous efficiencies are also marked out (in the second figure, the hollow circular measurement point is between 30 mbar and 300 mbar). In the fifth exemplary embodiment, one is basically similar Light bulb, which works at a power of 63 watts. Its filling contains 1 bar of xenon and 50 奄 of sodium, but contains no mercury. The pressure ratio is Pvy / PiTTi = 20, and the luminous efficiency is

XeK NaB 98 lumens / watt, this bulb can be imagined as a substitute for a high-pressure mercury lamp with 125 watts of power, which has the same luminous flux. This bulb has a power reduction circuit (phase-chirp control, and a start-up circuit in the lamp cap). In a sixth exemplary embodiment of a 35 watt light bulb, a discharge tube with an inner diameter of 3.3 mm has internal electrodes spaced 23 mm apart and is filled with only nano and xenon. Xenon cold charge pressure is PXeK = 2bars, and the nano-working pressure is PNaB = 90iBb. Therefore, the pressure ratio is PXeK / PFaB = 22.2. The luminous efficiency is 98 lumens / watt (see Figure 3, diamond-shaped measurement point # 6) and is substantially higher than expected for some of the same power bulbs. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The 7th exemplary embodiment is a 70-watt light bulb with an inner diameter of the discharge tube of 3.3 mm and an electrode spacing of 36 mm The discharge tube is filled with nano / mercury (see above) and xenon pressure. Xenon cold charge pressure is PXeK = 2barS, and the nano working pressure is PKaB = 75 «ab. The pressure ratio must be PXeK / PNaB = 26.7. The luminous efficiency is 115 lumens / watt (see Figure 3, diamond measurement point # 7), which is substantially higher than originally expected under this type of power bulb. The eighth exemplary embodiment of a 70-watt light bulb, the inner diameter of the discharge tube is the paper size applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 484165 amendment

AV

Β7 / ifrXT 5. Description of the invention (I2) 3.7 mm and electrode spacing is 37 mm.m. The discharge tube is filled with nano / mercury and xenon pressure. Xenon cold filling pressure is PXeK = 1.5bars, sodium working pressure is 85mb, the pressure ratio must be PXeK / PNaB = 17.6, and the luminous efficiency is 108 lumens / watt. Component symbol comparison table:

Im, ordering line ... (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in the page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1-14 1 Discharge tube 2 National cylindrical outer tube 3 Lamp cap 4 Electrode 5 Tubular niobium bushing 6 Attachment 7 Lead 8 Solid external feeder 9 Top cover 15 Metal wire 16 Conductor 17 Starter wire This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm)

Claims (1)

484165 丨 Amendment VI. Patent Application No. 86 1 123 16 "Low-Power High-Pressure Sodium Lamp" Patent Case (Amended in 1990) 6. Application for Patent Scope 1. A low-power high-pressure sodium lamp with a discharge tube, which Contains at least sodium and xenon pressure, PNaB represents the working charge pressure of sodium, and PXeK represents the cold charge pressure of xenon, which is characterized by: ρν "= 20 to 100mb; PxeK: = 1 to 3 bar; and 10'PXeK / PNaB '30; and the power of the lamp is less than or equal to 100 watts (w). 2. If the high voltage nano lamp of the scope of the patent application, the PxeK / pNaBs 30. 3. The high voltage of the scope of the patent application Nano-lamps, of which pXeK $ 3 bar. 4. If the high-voltage nano-lamps of the first patent application range, the charging material contains additional records. 5. If the high-voltage nano-lamps of the first patent application range, the discharge tube is A cylinder. 6. The high-pressure nano lamp according to item 5 of the patent application, wherein the internal diameter of the discharge tube is between 2.5 and 5 mm. 7. The high-voltage nano lamp according to item 6 of the patent application, where the The maximum internal diameter of the discharge tube is 4mm. High-pressure sodium lamp, in which the lamp also contains a capacitive start-up aid. 9. For example, in the high-voltage sodium lamp in the scope of patent application, the peak-to-ridge distance between the two wings of the sodium D-line is at most I2nm during operation.