EP1004137B1 - Discharge lamp with dielectrically impeded electrodes - Google Patents
Discharge lamp with dielectrically impeded electrodes Download PDFInfo
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- EP1004137B1 EP1004137B1 EP99934474A EP99934474A EP1004137B1 EP 1004137 B1 EP1004137 B1 EP 1004137B1 EP 99934474 A EP99934474 A EP 99934474A EP 99934474 A EP99934474 A EP 99934474A EP 1004137 B1 EP1004137 B1 EP 1004137B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- discharge
- discharge lamp
- glass
- electrodes
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- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 113
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006121 base glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- ONVGHWLOUOITNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zn].[Bi] Chemical compound [Zn].[Bi] ONVGHWLOUOITNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFZQOKHLXAVJIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;boric acid;dihydroxy(dioxido)silane Chemical compound [Zn+2].OB(O)O.O[Si](O)([O-])[O-] ZFZQOKHLXAVJIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
- H01J9/245—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/247—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps specially adapted for gas-discharge lamps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
- discharge lamp includes sources of electromagnetic radiation based on gas discharges.
- the spectrum of radiation can include both the visible range and the UV (ultraviolet) / VDV (vacuum ultraviolet) range and the IR (infrared) range.
- UV ultraviolet
- VDV vacuum ultraviolet
- IR infrared
- dielectrically impeded electrodes are typically realized in the form of thin metallic strips, of which at least one part is arranged on the inner wall of the discharge vessel. At least a part of these inner wall electrodes is completely covered with respect to the interior of the discharge vessel with a dielectric barrier layer.
- a so-called single-sided dielectrically impeded discharge forms in the preferably unipolar mode.
- At least one further functional layer is applied to the dielectric barrier layer, and generally also to other parts of the inner wall of the discharge vessel, e.g. a layer of a phosphor or phosphor mixture and / or one or more reflective layers for visible radiation (light) and / or UV radiation.
- the reflection layer serves the purpose of deliberately bringing visible light to the outside, i. only in a certain preferred direction of the lamp.
- the geometric shape of the discharge vessel is not particularly limited. Common are, for example, tubular or flat discharge vessels, the latter are u.a. suitable as so-called flat lamps for the backlighting of liquid crystal displays (LCD).
- LCD liquid crystal displays
- the starting materials for both the reflector and the phosphor layer or layers are initially present as a powder in a suitable particle size. These powders are then applied as a suspension, usually mixed with an organic binder, in a defined layer thickness to the inner wall of the lamp or to the previously applied other functional layers, for example electrodes and dielectric barrier layer.
- the layer thickness of the reflector or phosphor layer is controlled by the viscosity of the suspension, adapted to the respective coating method. After drying and baking, the reflector and / or phosphor layer are present as a porous powder layer or layers.
- the dielectric barrier layer usually consists of glass frits, preferably lead borosilicate glass (Pb-B-Si-0).
- the discharge vessels each consist of a substantially planar base glass, a just such front glass and optionally a frame
- the base glass is provided with a so-called solder edge, which also consists of a glass frit, preferably Pb-B-Si-0.
- This solder edge has the task of vacuum-tightly connecting the components of the discharge vessel (base glass, frame, front glass) during the joining process.
- a temperature treatment in which the solder edge defined "melted", d. H. a defined viscosity is achieved.
- that layer which is arranged substantially directly below the phosphor or reflection layer of the discharge lamp consists of a glass solder whose viscosity profile is irreversible with respect to the temperature. This feature is explained in more detail below. For the sake of simplicity, this layer will hereinafter also be referred to as a “supporting” layer or "anti-ice sheet layer”.
- Substantially immediately below the phosphor or reflection layer of the discharge lamp in this context means that between the "supporting" layer and the porous phosphor or reflection layer should be possible no further layer, possibly only a very thin.
- the maximum permissible thickness of an additional layer depends on the condition that the porous phosphor or reflection layer arranged directly above it during heating of the lamp (heating, joining process, etc.) must not be torn open by excessive "movement" due to softening of the additional layer , Depending on the nature and composition of the thickness of an additional layer should not exceed 100 microns, better 50 microns, typically 10 microns, ideally 5 microns.
- the "supporting" layer is preferably immediately below the phosphor or Reflection layer arranged, ie without any additional layer between "supporting" layer and phosphor or reflective layer.
- This "supporting” layer (“anti-ice floe layer”) can be realized either by the barrier layer acting as a dielectric barrier for the discharge itself or by an intermediate layer arranged between the dielectric barrier layer on the one hand and the reflective and / or phosphor layer on the other hand.
- This intermediate layer should cover at least the entire dielectric barrier layer, but can also be applied "over the entire surface". For the effect according to the invention, it has proved to be sufficient if the thickness of this "supporting" intermediate layer is of the order of magnitude of approximately 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the application of the typically pasty system is carried out by standard methods such as spraying, dispensing, rolling, screen or stencil printing, etc.
- the dielectric barrier layer can be applied to the individual electrodes in strips (for one-sided and two-sided dielectric hindrance) as well as - in the case of double-sided dielectrically impeded discharge - "over the entire surface" by means of a single coherent barrier layer which covers all inner wall electrodes.
- the choice of the appropriate thickness of the barrier layer is determined substantially by discharge physical requirements and is typically of the order of 10 ⁇ m to several hundred ⁇ m, more preferably between 50 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m, typically between 80 ⁇ m and 180 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the barrier layer (s) for anodes or cathodes can also be chosen differently.
- unipolar pulsed operation WO94 / 23442
- the blocking layer for the anodes is thicker than that for the cathodes, but the layer thicknesses can also be the same.
- the advantage of the first solution i. the dielectric barrier layer is simultaneously designed as a "supporting" layer ("anti-ice sheet layer”), essentially consists in that no additional manufacturing or printing step is required.
- the solution with the additional intermediate layer offers an additional degree of freedom for the selective choice of material of the dielectric barrier layer, in particular with regard to the dielectric and electrical properties influencing the discharge.
- the behavior of the glass solders usually used as the supporting glass layer for the porous layers will first be explained. Normally, as with Pb-B-Si-O glasses, the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature. This behavior is reproducible unless the temperature was so high that devitrification already takes place. Reproducible means that the temperature range in which the glass softens at a defined viscosity, even with repetitions, i. after each corresponding previous cooling, is almost constant.
- the glass solders proposed according to the invention do not show this behavior. Rather, their viscosity curve is irreversible with respect to temperature. Although initially the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature. After that, however, an increase in viscosity takes place - even if the temperature continues to rise.
- Sinterglaskeramik is characterized in that it begins to soften at a subsequent temperature treatment now only at higher temperatures, typically about 50-100 ° C and more higher temperatures.
- crystallizing glass solder bismuth borosilicate glass (Bi-B-Si-0) has been found.
- Further suitable crystallizing glass solders are, for example, zinc bismuth borosilicate glass (Zn-Bi-B-Si-O) and zinc borosilicate glass (Zn-B-Si-O).
- FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c show a schematic representation of a plan view, a side view and a partial section along the line AA of a flat fluorescent lamp which emits white light during operation. It is designed as a backlight for an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
- LCD Liquid Crystal Display
- the flat lamp 1 consists of a flat discharge vessel 2 with a rectangular base, four strip-like metallic cathodes 3,4 (-) and anodes (+), of which three are designed as elongated double anodes 5 and two as individual strip-like anodes 6.
- the discharge vessel 2 in turn consists of a base plate 7, a front plate 8 and a frame 9. Base plate 7 and front plate 8 are respectively connected by means of glass solder 10 to the frame 9 gas-tight so that the interior 11 of the discharge vessel 2 is cuboidal.
- the base plate 7 is larger than the front plate 8 such that the discharge vessel 2 has a circumferential freestanding edge.
- the breakthrough in the front panel 8 is for illustrative purposes only and gives a view of a portion of the cathodes 3,4 and 5,6 anodes free.
- the cathodes 3, 4 and anodes 5, 6 are arranged alternately and parallel on the inner wall of the base plate 7.
- the anodes 6, 5 and cathodes 3, 4 are each extended at one end and guided on both sides on the base plate 7 from the interior 11 of the discharge vessel 2 to the outside.
- the electrode strips 3, 4, 5, 6 go over into a respective cathode-side 13 or anode-side 14, bus-like external power supply.
- the two outer power leads 13,14 serve as contacts for connection to an electrical supply source (not shown).
- the electrodes 3-6 are completely covered with a sintered glass ceramic layer 61 made of Bi-B-Si-O (see FIG. Figure 1c ), whose thickness is about 250 microns. On the one hand, this layer counteracts the formation of "ice floes". On the other hand, the sintered glass ceramic layer 61 simultaneously acts as a dielectric barrier layer for all electrodes 3-6. This is therefore a bilateral dielectric hindrance.
- a reflector layer 62 of TiO 2 is applied, the thickness of which is approximately 4 ⁇ m.
- a phosphor mixture layer 63 is applied (the layers are in FIG.
- FIG. 1a not shown for the sake of clarity; see. Figure 1c ) which converts the UV / VUV radiation produced by the discharge into visible white light. It is a three-band phosphor with the blue component BAM (BaMgAl 10 O 17 : Eu 2+ ), the green component LAP (LaPO 4 : [Tb 3+ , Ce 3+ ]) and the red component YOB ([Y, Gd] BO 3 : Eu 3+ ).
- the thickness of the phosphor mixture layer 63 is approximately 30 ⁇ m.
- the electrodes 3-6 including feedthroughs and external power supply lines 13, 14 are in each case formed as a contiguous cathode-side or anode-side, conductor track-like layer-like structure. These two layered structures as well as the other functional layers following thereafter - dielectric barrier layer 61, reflection layer 62 and phosphor layer 63 are applied directly to the base plate 7 or front plate 8 by screen printing technology.
- the base plate 7 is fused to the frame 9 and this in turn to the front plate 8 in each case by means of glass solder 10 to the complete flat lamp 1.
- the joining process takes place, for example, in a vacuum oven.
- the interior 11 of the flat lamp 1 is filled with xenon at a filling pressure of 10 kPa.
- the two anode strips 5a, 5b of each anode pair 5 are widened in the direction of the two edges 15, 16 of the flat lamp 1, which are oriented perpendicularly to the electrode strips 3-6, namely asymmetrically exclusively in the direction of the respective partner strip 5b or 5a.
- the mutual largest distance between the two strips of each anode pair 5 is about 4 mm, the smallest distance is about 3 mm.
- the two individual anode strips 6 are each arranged in the immediate vicinity of the two edges 17, 18 of the flat lamp 1 that are parallel to the electrode strips 3-6.
- the cathode strips 3, 4 have nose-like, the adjacent anode 5, 6 facing semi-circular projections 19. They cause locally limited gains of the electric field and consequently that in accordance with the operation WO 94/23442 resulting delta-shaped single discharges (in FIG. 1a not shown) ignite exclusively at these points.
- the distance between the extensions 19 and the respective immediately adjacent anode strip is approximately 6 mm.
- the radius of the semicircular extensions 19 is about 2 mm.
- FIG. 2 shows a partial sectional view of a variant of the flat lamp FIG. 1a along the line AA. Identical features are provided with the same reference numerals.
- an additional 12 ⁇ m thick intermediate layer 64 of Bi-B-Si-O is arranged between the dielectric barrier layer 61 'and the reflective layer 62.
- the dielectric barrier layer 61 'here consists of lead borosilicate glass. The function of the crystallizing layer, which prevents the formation of "ice floes", is therefore taken over here by the intermediate layer 64.
- a further reflection layer made of Al 2 O 3 is arranged between the TiO 2 layer and the phosphor layer. In this way, the reflection effect is improved.
- the thickness of the Al 2 O 3 layer is approximately 5 ⁇ m.
- FIGS. 1c and 2 layers that are shown as highly schematically do not necessarily have to be extended over the entire surface of the base plate. It is only important that at least the relevant electrode is completely covered with the corresponding layers. In the case of one-sided dielectric hindrance, only the electrodes of one polarity, preferably the anodes, are covered with a "supporting" dielectric layer.
- the individual layers do not necessarily have to be completely flat, as shown in the FIGS. 1c and 2 is shown simplistic. Rather, the individual layers, in particular the very thin layers, may in practice also be uneven. This is particularly evident when one or more layers are thinner than the electrodes and the layer (s) consequently still recognizably image the surface shape of the base plate with the electrodes.
- a tubular aperture lamp is a tubular aperture lamp.
- the phosphor is applied here by means of flocking to the inner wall or the functional layers previously arranged thereon.
- the basic order and function of the individual functional layers, in particular the effect according to the invention of the "supporting" layer, which prevents "ice floe formation", correspond to those of FIG. 1 ,
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Entladungslampe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a discharge lamp according to the preamble of
Der Begriff "Entladungslampe" umfaßt dabei Quellen elektromagnetischer Strahlung auf der Basis von Gasentladungen. Das Spektrum der Strahlung kann dabei sowohl den sichtbaren Bereich als auch den UV(Ultraviolett)/VDV(Vakuumultraviolett)-Bereich sowie den IR(Infrarot)-Bereich umfassen. Ferner kann auch eine Leuchtstoffschicht zur Konvertierung unsichtbarer in sichtbare Strahlung vorgesehen sein.The term "discharge lamp" includes sources of electromagnetic radiation based on gas discharges. The spectrum of radiation can include both the visible range and the UV (ultraviolet) / VDV (vacuum ultraviolet) range and the IR (infrared) range. Furthermore, it is also possible to provide a phosphor layer for converting invisible into visible radiation.
Es handelt sich dabei um Entladungslampen mit sogenannten dielektrisch behinderten Elektroden. Die dielektrisch behinderten Elektroden sind typischerweise in Form dünner metallischer Streifen realisiert, von denen zumindest ein Teil auf der Innenwandung des Entladungsgefäßes angeordnet ist. Zumindest ein Teil dieser Innenwandungselektroden ist gegenüber dem Innern des Entladungsgefäßes mit einer dielektrischen Sperrschicht vollständig abgedeckt.These are discharge lamps with so-called dielectrically impeded electrodes. The dielectrically impeded electrodes are typically realized in the form of thin metallic strips, of which at least one part is arranged on the inner wall of the discharge vessel. At least a part of these inner wall electrodes is completely covered with respect to the interior of the discharge vessel with a dielectric barrier layer.
Sind nur die Elektroden einer einzigen Polarität - vorzugsweise die Anoden - mit einer dielektrischen Sperrschicht abgedeckt, bildet sich im vorzugsweisen unipolaren Betrieb eine sogenannte einseitig dielektrisch behinderte Entladung aus. Sind hingegen alle Elektroden, d.h. beiderlei Polarität, mit einer dielektrischen Sperrschicht abgedeckt, bildet sich sowohl im unipolaren als auch im bipolaren Betrieb eine zweiseitig dielektrisch behinderte Entladung aus.If only the electrodes of a single polarity-preferably the anodes-are covered with a dielectric barrier layer, a so-called single-sided dielectrically impeded discharge forms in the preferably unipolar mode. On the other hand, are all electrodes, ie both polarity, Covered with a dielectric barrier layer, formed in both unipolar and bipolar operation, a two-sided dielectrically impeded discharge.
Auf der dielektrischen Sperrschicht und im allgemeinen auch auf weiteren Teilen der Innenwandung des Entladungsgefäßes ist mindestens eine weitere funktionelle Schicht aufgebracht, z.B. eine Schicht aus einem Leuchtstoff oder Leuchtstoffgemisch und/oder eine oder auch mehrere Reflexionsschichten für sichtbare Strahlung (Licht) und/oder UV-Strahlung. Die Reflexionsschicht dient dem Zweck, sichtbares Licht gezielt nach außen zu bringen, d.h. nur in einer bestimmten Vorzugsrichtung der Lampe.At least one further functional layer is applied to the dielectric barrier layer, and generally also to other parts of the inner wall of the discharge vessel, e.g. a layer of a phosphor or phosphor mixture and / or one or more reflective layers for visible radiation (light) and / or UV radiation. The reflection layer serves the purpose of deliberately bringing visible light to the outside, i. only in a certain preferred direction of the lamp.
Die geometrische Form des Entladungsgefäßes unterliegt keinen besonderen Einschränkungen. Gebräuchlich sind beispielsweise rohrförmige oder auch flache Entladungsgefäße, letztere sind u.a. als sog. Flachlampen zur Hinterleuchtung von Flüssigkristallbildschirmen (LCD) geeignet.The geometric shape of the discharge vessel is not particularly limited. Common are, for example, tubular or flat discharge vessels, the latter are u.a. suitable as so-called flat lamps for the backlighting of liquid crystal displays (LCD).
Die Ausgangsmaterialien sowohl für die Reflektor- als auch für die Leuchtstoffschicht bzw. -schichten liegen zunächst als Pulver in geeigneter Korngröße vor. Diese Pulver werden dann als Suspension, meist mit einem organischen Binder versetzt, in definierter Schichtdicke auf die Innenwandung der Lampe bzw. auf die zuvor aufgebrachten anderen funktionellen Schichten, z.B. Elektroden und dielektrische Sperrschicht, aufgebracht. Die Schichtdicke der Reflektor- bzw. Leuchtstoffschicht wird über die Viskosität der Suspension gesteuert, angepaßt an das jeweilige Beschichtungsverfahren. Nach dem Trocknen und Ausheizen liegen Reflektor- und/ oder Leuchtstoffschicht als poröse Pulverschicht bzw. -schichten vor.The starting materials for both the reflector and the phosphor layer or layers are initially present as a powder in a suitable particle size. These powders are then applied as a suspension, usually mixed with an organic binder, in a defined layer thickness to the inner wall of the lamp or to the previously applied other functional layers, for example electrodes and dielectric barrier layer. The layer thickness of the reflector or phosphor layer is controlled by the viscosity of the suspension, adapted to the respective coating method. After drying and baking, the reflector and / or phosphor layer are present as a porous powder layer or layers.
Neben der Leuchtstoffschichtdicke, ist auch die Geschlossenheit der Reflektor- und/oder Leuchtstoffschicht sowie deren mechanische Haftung, die mit zunehmender Schichtdicke abnimmt, eine wichtige Voraussetzung, um eine optimale Umwandlung von UV-Licht in sichtbares Licht zu erzielen.In addition to the phosphor layer thickness, the closure of the reflector and / or phosphor layer and their mechanical adhesion, which decreases with increasing layer thickness, an important prerequisite to achieve optimal conversion of UV light into visible light.
Die dielektrische Sperrschicht besteht üblicherweise aus Glasfritten, vorzugsweise Bleiborsilikatglas (Pb-B-Si-0).The dielectric barrier layer usually consists of glass frits, preferably lead borosilicate glass (Pb-B-Si-0).
Bei Flachlampen, deren Entladungsgefäße jeweils aus einem im wesentlichen planen Grundglas, einem eben solchen Frontglas und optional einem Rahmen bestehen, wird das Grundglas mit einem sogenannten Lotrand versehen, der ebenfalls aus einer Glasfritte, vorzugsweise Pb-B-Si-0 besteht. Dieser Lotrand hat die Aufgabe, die Bestandteile des Entladungsgefäßes (Grundglas, Rahmen, Frontglas) beim Fügevorgang vakuumdicht zu verbinden. Bei diesem Fügevorgang erfolgt eine Temperaturbehandlung, bei der der Lotrand definiert "aufgeschmolzen", d. h. eine definierte Viskosität erreicht wird.In flat lamps, the discharge vessels each consist of a substantially planar base glass, a just such front glass and optionally a frame, the base glass is provided with a so-called solder edge, which also consists of a glass frit, preferably Pb-B-Si-0. This solder edge has the task of vacuum-tightly connecting the components of the discharge vessel (base glass, frame, front glass) during the joining process. In this joining process, a temperature treatment, in which the solder edge defined "melted", d. H. a defined viscosity is achieved.
Die Aufbringung von Reflektor- und/oder Leuchtstoffschichten erfolgt meist vor diesem Fügeprozeß. Dadurch wird bei der Fügetemperatur neben dem Lotrand auch die dielektrische Sperrschicht wieder niederviskos. Dadurch wiederum reißen die darüberliegenden porösen Reflektor- und/oder Leuchtstoffschichten durch die "Bewegung" in der dielektrischen Sperrschicht auf ("Eisschollenbildung"). Grund hierfür ist, daß die porösen Schichten keinen Zusammenhalt besitzen und deshalb diese Bewegung nicht zerstörungsfrei mitmachen können, sondern aufreißen und/oder sogar teilweise in die dielektrische Sperrschicht einsinken. Dadurch ist die Geschlossenheit der Reflektor- und Leuchtstoffschicht nicht mehr gegeben, was Lichtverluste zur Folge hat. Zudem sind diese "Eisschollen" beim Lampenbetrieb deutlich als Leuchtdichteinhomogenität, beispielsweise auf der Leuchtseite einer Flachlampe, erkennbar.The application of reflector and / or phosphor layers usually takes place before this joining process. As a result, at the joining temperature in addition to the solder edge and the dielectric barrier layer again low viscosity. As a result, in turn, the overlying porous reflector and / or phosphor layers crack due to the "movement" in the dielectric barrier layer ("ice floe formation"). The reason for this is that the porous layers have no cohesion and therefore can not participate destructively in this movement, but tear and / or even partially sink into the dielectric barrier layer. As a result, the closedness of the reflector and phosphor layer is no longer given, resulting in light losses. In addition, these "ice floes" during lamp operation are clearly recognizable as luminance inhomogeneity, for example on the luminous side of a flat lamp.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die genannten Nachteile zu vermeiden und eine Entladungslampe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bereitzustellen, die eine hinsichtlich der Homogenität verbesserte Leuchtstoff- und/oder Reflexionsschicht aufweist.It is an object of the present invention to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a discharge lamp according to the preamble of
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen.This object is solved by the characterizing features of
Erfindungsgemäß besteht diejenige Schicht, welche im wesentlichen unmittelbar unterhalb der Leuchtstoff- oder Reflexionsschicht der Entladungslampe angeordnet ist, aus einem Glaslot, dessen Viskositätsverlauf bezüglich der Temperatur irreversibel ist. Dieses Merkmal ist weiter unten näher erläutert. Der Einfachheit halber wird diese Schicht im folgenden auch als "tragende" Schicht oder "Anti-Eisschollenschicht" bezeichnet.According to the invention, that layer which is arranged substantially directly below the phosphor or reflection layer of the discharge lamp consists of a glass solder whose viscosity profile is irreversible with respect to the temperature. This feature is explained in more detail below. For the sake of simplicity, this layer will hereinafter also be referred to as a "supporting" layer or "anti-ice sheet layer".
Im wesentlichen unmittelbar unterhalb der Leuchtstoff- oder Reflexionsschicht der Entladungslampe bedeutet in diesem Zusammenhang, daß zwischen der "tragenden" Schicht und der porösen Leuchtstoff- bzw. Reflexionsschicht möglichst keine weitere Schicht sein sollte, allenfalls nur noch eine sehr dünne. Die höchste zulässige Dicke einer zusätzlichen Schicht richtet sich nach der Bedingung, daß die unmittelbar darüber angeordnete poröse Leuchtstoff- bzw. Reflexionsschicht beim Erwärmen der Lampe (Ausheizen, Fügevorgang etc.) nicht durch zu starkes "Bewegen" aufgrund des Erweichens der zusätzlichen Schicht aufreißen darf. Je nach Beschaffenheit und Zusammensetzung sollte die Dicke einer zusätzlichen Schicht 100 µm, besser 50 µm, typischerweise 10 µm, idealerweise 5 µm nicht übersteigen. Bevorzugt ist die "tragende" Schicht allerdings unmittelbar unterhalb der Leuchtstoff-oder Reflexionsschicht angeordnet, d.h. ohne jegliche zusätzliche Schicht zwischen "tragender" Schicht und Leuchtstoff- bzw. Reflexionsschicht.Substantially immediately below the phosphor or reflection layer of the discharge lamp in this context means that between the "supporting" layer and the porous phosphor or reflection layer should be possible no further layer, possibly only a very thin. The maximum permissible thickness of an additional layer depends on the condition that the porous phosphor or reflection layer arranged directly above it during heating of the lamp (heating, joining process, etc.) must not be torn open by excessive "movement" due to softening of the additional layer , Depending on the nature and composition of the thickness of an additional layer should not exceed 100 microns, better 50 microns, typically 10 microns, ideally 5 microns. However, the "supporting" layer is preferably immediately below the phosphor or Reflection layer arranged, ie without any additional layer between "supporting" layer and phosphor or reflective layer.
Diese "tragende" Schicht ("Anti-Eisschollenschicht") kann entweder durch die für die Entladung als dielektrische Behinderung wirkende Sperrschicht selbst oder durch eine zwischen dielektrischer Sperrschicht einerseits und Reflexions- und/oder Leuchtstoffschicht andererseits angeordneten Zwischenschicht realisiert sein.This "supporting" layer ("anti-ice floe layer") can be realized either by the barrier layer acting as a dielectric barrier for the discharge itself or by an intermediate layer arranged between the dielectric barrier layer on the one hand and the reflective and / or phosphor layer on the other hand.
Diese Zwischenschicht sollte mindestens die gesamte dielektrische Sperrschicht abdecken, kann aber auch "ganzflächig" aufgebracht werden. Für die erfindungsgemäße Wirkung hat es sich als ausreichend erwiesen, wenn die Dicke dieser "tragenden" Zwischenschicht in der Größenordnung von ca. 10 µm oder mehr beträgt. Die Aufbringung des typischerweise pastösen Systems erfolgt durch Standardverfahren wie Sprühen, Dispensen, Walzen, Sieb- oder Schablonendruck usw..This intermediate layer should cover at least the entire dielectric barrier layer, but can also be applied "over the entire surface". For the effect according to the invention, it has proved to be sufficient if the thickness of this "supporting" intermediate layer is of the order of magnitude of approximately 10 μm or more. The application of the typically pasty system is carried out by standard methods such as spraying, dispensing, rolling, screen or stencil printing, etc.
Die dielektrische Sperrschicht kann sowohl streifenförmig auf die einzelnen Elektroden aufgebracht sein (für einseitige und zweiseitige dielektrische Behinderung) als auch - im Falle der zweiseitig dielektrisch behinderten Entladung - "ganzflächig" mittels einer einzigen zusammenhängenden Sperrschicht, die sämtliche Innenwandungselektroden überdeckt. Die Wahl der geeigneten Dicke der Sperrschicht wird im wesentlichen von entladungsphysikalischen Anforderungen bestimmt und liegt typischerweise in der Grö-ßenordnung von 10 µm bis mehreren hundert µm, insbesondere zwischen 50 µm und 200 µm, typischerweise zwischen 80 µm und 180 µm. Außerdem kann - im Falle der zweiseitig dielektrisch behinderten Entladung - die Dikke der Sperrschicht(en) für Anoden bzw. Kathoden auch unterschiedlich gewählt werden. Bevorzugt ist bei unipolarem Impulsbetrieb (
Der Vorteil der ersten Lösung, d.h. die dielektrische Sperrschicht ist gleichzeitig als "tragende" Schicht ("Anti-Eisschollenschicht") ausgeführt, besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß kein zusätzlicher Fertigungs- bzw. Druckschritt erforderlich ist. Die Lösung mit der zusätzlichen Zwischenschicht bietet hingegen einen zusätzlichen Freiheitsgrad für die gezielte Materialauswahl der dielektrischen Sperrschicht, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die die Entladung beeinflussenden dielektrischen sowie elektrischen Eigenschaften.The advantage of the first solution, i. the dielectric barrier layer is simultaneously designed as a "supporting" layer ("anti-ice sheet layer"), essentially consists in that no additional manufacturing or printing step is required. The solution with the additional intermediate layer, however, offers an additional degree of freedom for the selective choice of material of the dielectric barrier layer, in particular with regard to the dielectric and electrical properties influencing the discharge.
Zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung sei zunächst das Verhalten der üblicherweise als tragende Glasschicht für die porösen Schichten verwendeten Glaslote erläutert. Normalerweise, so auch bei Pb-B-Si-O-Gläsern sinkt die Viskosität mit steigender Temperatur. Dieses Verhalten ist reproduzierbar, sofern die Temperatur nicht so hoch war, daß bereits eine Entglasung stattfindet. Reproduzierbar heißt, daß der Temperaturbereich in dem das Glas bei definierter Viskosität erweicht, auch bei Wiederholungen, d.h. nach jeweils entsprechender vorheriger Abkühlung, nahezu konstant ist.For a better understanding of the invention, the behavior of the glass solders usually used as the supporting glass layer for the porous layers will first be explained. Normally, as with Pb-B-Si-O glasses, the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature. This behavior is reproducible unless the temperature was so high that devitrification already takes place. Reproducible means that the temperature range in which the glass softens at a defined viscosity, even with repetitions, i. after each corresponding previous cooling, is almost constant.
Die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Glaslote zeigen dagegen dieses Verhalten nicht. Vielmehr ist deren Viskositätsverlauf bezüglich der Temperatur irreversibel. Hier sinkt zwar anfangs die Viskosität mit steigender Temperatur. Danach findet aber - auch bei weiter steigender Temperatur - wieder eine Viskositätserhöhung statt.On the other hand, the glass solders proposed according to the invention do not show this behavior. Rather, their viscosity curve is irreversible with respect to temperature. Although initially the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature. After that, however, an increase in viscosity takes place - even if the temperature continues to rise.
Dieses Verhalten der Viskosität bezüglich der Temperatur zeigen insbesondere auch an sich bekannte kristallisierende Glaslote, deren Verwendung als Schicht, welche unmittelbar unterhalb der Leuchtstoff- oder Reflexionsschicht der Entladungslampe angeordnet ist, erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen wird. Die erwähnte Viskositätserhöhung bei gleichbleibender oder sogar steigender Temperatur wird bei kristallisierenden Glasloten durch das Einsetzen des Kristallisationsvorganges bewirkt. Durch eine definierte Temperaturführung kann zudem das Kristallwachstum sowie der Phasenbestand und die Kristallitgröße gesteuert werden. Die auf diese Weise erzielte sogenannteThis behavior of the viscosity with respect to the temperature also show, in particular, crystallizing glass solders known per se, the use of which as a layer, which is arranged directly below the phosphor or reflection layer of the discharge lamp, according to the invention. The mentioned increase in viscosity at a constant or even increasing temperature is effected in crystallizing glass solders by the onset of the crystallization process. Through a defined temperature control can also crystal growth and the phase inventory and the crystallite size can be controlled. The so-called
Sinterglaskeramik zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß sie bei einer nachfolgenden Temperaturbehandlung jetzt erst bei höheren Temperaturen, typisch ca. 50-100°C und mehr höhere Temperaturen, zu erweichen beginnt.Sinterglaskeramik is characterized in that it begins to soften at a subsequent temperature treatment now only at higher temperatures, typically about 50-100 ° C and more higher temperatures.
Dies schafft die Voraussetzung, um eine bei Fügetemperatur feste, d.h. höherviskose, "tragfähige" Schicht zu erhalten, auf die die porösen Schichten aufgedruckt werden können. Durch den Einsatz solcher Sinterglaskeramikschichten erhält man, insbesondere nach dem Fügevorgang, geschlossene Refklektor- und/oder Leuchtstoffschichten.This provides the prerequisite to maintain a solid, ie. to obtain a more viscous, "stable" layer on which the porous layers can be printed. By using such sintered glass ceramic layers, closed refector and / or phosphor layers are obtained, in particular after the joining process.
Als besonders geeignetes kristallisierendes Glaslot hat sich Wismutborsilikatglas (Bi-B-Si-0) erwiesen. Weitere geeignete kristallisierende Glaslote sind beispielsweise Zinkwismutborsilikatglas (Zn-Bi-B-Si-O) und Zinkborsilikatglas (Zn-B-Si-O).As a particularly suitable crystallizing glass solder bismuth borosilicate glass (Bi-B-Si-0) has been found. Further suitable crystallizing glass solders are, for example, zinc bismuth borosilicate glass (Zn-Bi-B-Si-O) and zinc borosilicate glass (Zn-B-Si-O).
Gute Ergebnisse sind auch mit bestimmten Kompositloten mit ähnlichem Viskositäts-Temperaturverhalten erzielt worden.Good results have also been obtained with certain composite solders with similar viscosity-temperature behavior.
Im folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1a
- eine schematische Darstellung einer teilweise durchbrochenen Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen, flachen Entladungslampe mit auf der Grundplatte angeordneten Elektroden,
- Figur 1b
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Seitenansicht der Flachlampe aus
Figur 1a , - Figur 1c
- eine Teilschnittdarstellung der Flachlampe aus
Figur 1a längs der Linie AA, Figur 2- eine Teilschnittdarstellung einer Variante der Flachlampe aus Figur 1a längs der Linie AA,
- FIG. 1a
- 1 is a schematic representation of a partially broken plan view of a flat discharge lamp according to the invention with electrodes arranged on the base plate,
- FIG. 1b
- a schematic representation of a side view of the flat lamp
FIG. 1a . - Figure 1c
- a partial sectional view of the flat lamp
FIG. 1a along the line AA, - FIG. 2
- a partial sectional view of a variant of the flat lamp of Figure 1a along the line AA,
Die
Die Flachlampe 1 besteht aus einem flachen Entladungsgefäß 2 mit rechtekkiger Grundfläche, vier streifenartigen metallischen Kathoden 3,4 (-) sowie Anoden (+), wovon drei als längliche Doppelanoden 5 und zwei als einzelne streifenartige Anoden 6 ausgebildet sind. Das Entladungsgefäß 2 besteht seinerseits aus einer Grundplatte 7, einer Frontplatte 8 und einem Rahmen 9. Grundplatte 7 und Frontplatte 8 sind jeweils mittels Glaslot 10 mit dem Rahmen 9 gasdicht verbunden derart, daß das Innere 11 des Entladungsgefäßes 2 quaderförmig ausgebildet ist. Die Grundplatte 7 ist größer als die Frontplatte 8 derart, daß das Entladungsgefäß 2 einen umlaufenden freistehenden Rand aufweist. Der Durchbruch in der Frontplatte 8 dient lediglich darstellerischen Zwecken und gibt den Blick auf einen Teil der Kathoden 3,4 und Anoden 5,6 frei.The
Die Kathoden 3,4 und Anoden 5,6 sind abwechselnd und parallel auf der Innenwandung der Grundplatte 7 angeordnet. Die Anoden 6,5 und Kathoden 3,4 sind jeweils an ihrem einen Ende verlängert und auf der Grundplatte 7 aus dem Innern 11 des Entladungsgefäßes 2 beidseitig nach außen geführt. Auf dem Rand der Grundplatte 7 gehen die Elektrodenstreifen 3,4,5,6 in je eine kathodenseitige 13 bzw. anodenseitige 14, busartige äußere Stromzuführung über. Die beiden äußeren Stromzuführungen 13,14 dienen als Kontakte für die Verbindung mit einer elektrischen Versorgungsquelle (nicht dargestellt).The
Im Innern 11 des Entladungsgefäßes 2 sind die Elektroden 3-6 vollständig mit einer Sinterglaskeramikschicht 61 aus Bi-B-Si-O bedeckt (vgl.
Die Elektroden 3-6 inklusive Durchführungen und äußere Stromzuführungen 13,14 sind als jeweils zusammenhängende kathoden- bzw. anodenseitige, leiterbahnähnliche schichtartige Struktur ausgebildet. Diese beiden schichtartigen Strukturen sowie die darauffolgenden anderen funktionellen Schichten - dielektrische Sperrschicht 61, Reflexionsschicht 62 sowie Leuchtstoffschicht 63 sind mittels Siebdrucktechnik direkt auf der Grundplatte 7 bzw. Frontplatte 8 aufgebracht.The electrodes 3-6 including feedthroughs and external
Nach dem Aufbringen der Schichten 61-63 wird die Grundplatte 7 mit dem Rahmen 9 und dieser wiederum mit der Frontplatte 8 jeweils mittels Glaslot 10 zur kompletten Flachlampe 1 verschmolzen. Der Fügevorgang erfolgt beispielsweise in einem Vakuumofen. Vor dem Verschmelzen der Komponenten des Entladungsgefäßes wird das Innere 11 der Flachlampe 1 mit Xenon mit einem Fülldruck von 10 kPa gefüllt.After the application of the layers 61-63, the
Die beiden Anodenstreifen 5a,5b jedes Anodenpaares 5 sind in Richtung zu den beiden Rändern 15,16 der Flachlampe 1, die senkrecht zu den Elektrodenstreifen 3-6 orientiert sind verbreitert und zwar asymmetrisch ausschließlich in Richtung auf den jeweiligen Partnerstreifen 5b bzw. 5a zu. Der gegenseitige größte Abstand der beiden Streifen jedes Anodenpaares 5 beträgt ca. 4 mm, der kleinste Abstand beträgt ca. 3 mm. Die beiden einzelnen Anodenstreifen 6 sind jeweils in unmittelbarer Nähe der beiden zu den Elektrodenstreifen 3-6 parallelen Rändern 17,18 der Flachlampe 1 angeordnet.The two
Die Kathodenstreifen 3;4 weisen nasenartige, der jeweils benachbarten Anode 5;6 zugewandte halbkreisförmige Fortsätze 19 auf. Sie bewirken lokal begrenzte Verstärkungen des elektrischen Feldes und folglich, daß die im Betrieb gemäß
In einer Variante (nicht dargestellt) ist zwischen der TiO2-Schicht und der Leuchtstoffschicht eine weitere Reflexionsschicht aus Al2O3 angeordnet. Auf diese Weise wird die Reflexionswirkung verbessert. Die Dicke der Al2O3-Schicht beträgt ca. 5 µm.In a variant (not shown), a further reflection layer made of Al 2 O 3 is arranged between the TiO 2 layer and the phosphor layer. In this way, the reflection effect is improved. The thickness of the Al 2 O 3 layer is approximately 5 μm.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind noch weitere zusätzliche Schichten und Schichtanordnungen denkbar, ohne daß die vorteilhafte Wirkung der Erfindung verloren ginge. Wesentlich ist hier nur, daß diejenige dielektrische Schicht, deren Viskositätsverlauf bezüglich der Temperatur irreversibel ist und dadurch die "Eisschollenbildung" verhindert, unmittelbar unterhalb der Leuchtstoff- bzw. Reflexionsschicht angeordnet ist ("tragende" Schicht).Within the scope of the invention, further additional layers and layer arrangements are conceivable without the advantageous effect of the invention being lost. It is only important here that the dielectric layer whose viscosity profile is irreversible with respect to the temperature and thereby prevents the formation of "ice floes" is arranged directly underneath the phosphor or reflection layer ("supporting" layer).
An dieser Stelle sei nochmals darauf hingewiesen, daß die in den
Ferner müssen die einzelnen Schichten nicht notwendiger Weise völlig plan sein, wie dies in den
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel (nicht dargestellt) handelt es sich um eine rohrförmige Aperturlampe. Abgesehen von der unterschiedlichen Form des Entladungsgefäßes besteht der Hauptunterschied gegenüber der Flachlampe aus
Claims (5)
- Discharge lamp (1), suitable for operating by means of a dielectrically impeded discharge, having• a discharge vessel (2) consisting at least partially of an electrically nonconducting material,• electrodes (3-6) which are arranged on the wall (7) of the discharge vessel (2),• at least one dielectric layer (10; 61; 61'; 64) which covers at least a portion of the electrodes (3-6) and, optionally, additionally of the discharge vessel wall (7),• a fluorescent layer (63) and/or reflecting layer (62) which cover(s) the at least one dielectric layer (10; 61; 61'; 64),characterized in that
at least the dielectric layer (10; 61; 61'; 64) arranged substantially directly below the fluorescent layer and/or reflecting layer (62) consists of a glass solder whose viscosity profile with reference to temperature is irreversible. - Discharge lamp according to Claim 1, in which the softening temperature of the glass solder (10; 61; 61'; 64) during repeated heating is more than 25°C higher than the softening temperature of the glass solder during the first fusing process.
- Discharge lamp according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the glass solder (10; 61; 61'; 64) consists of a crystallizing glass solder (sintered glass ceramic).
- Discharge lamp according to Claim 3, in which the sintered glass ceramic (10; 61; 61'; 64) consists of Bi-B-Si-O.
- Discharge lamp according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the glass solder (10; 61; 61'; 64) consists of a composite glass solder.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19826808 | 1998-06-16 | ||
DE19826808A DE19826808C2 (en) | 1998-06-16 | 1998-06-16 | Discharge lamp with dielectric barrier electrodes |
PCT/DE1999/001421 WO1999066537A2 (en) | 1998-06-16 | 1999-05-11 | Discharge lamp with dielectrically impeded electrodes |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1004137A2 EP1004137A2 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
EP1004137B1 true EP1004137B1 (en) | 2008-04-09 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP99934474A Expired - Lifetime EP1004137B1 (en) | 1998-06-16 | 1999-05-11 | Discharge lamp with dielectrically impeded electrodes |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6469435B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1004137B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3568898B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100354724B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2300124C (en) |
DE (2) | DE19826808C2 (en) |
HU (1) | HU224573B1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW428208B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999066537A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE19845228A1 (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2000-04-27 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Dimmable discharge lamp for dielectric barrier discharges |
DE10006750A1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2001-08-16 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Manufacturing process for a flat gas discharge lamp |
DE10057881A1 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2002-05-23 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Gas discharge lamp, used in e.g. color copiers and color scanners, comprises a discharge vessel, filled with a gas, having a wall made from a dielectric material and a wall with a surface partially transparent for visible radiation |
JP3471782B2 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2003-12-02 | Nec液晶テクノロジー株式会社 | Flat fluorescent lamp unit and liquid crystal display device using the same |
CN101925212A (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2010-12-22 | 伊菲雷知识产权公司 | Color electroluminescent displays |
DE202005002837U1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2005-05-04 | Deckel Maho Pfronten Gmbh | Machining tool with protective cabin and lighting system with flat surface lamp installed in sidewall or ceiling of cabin |
US7435358B2 (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2008-10-14 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | UVC-emitting Sr(Al,Mg)12O19:Pr phosphor and lamp containing same |
KR20070010844A (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-01-24 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Planar light source device and display device provided with the same |
US7449129B2 (en) * | 2006-03-07 | 2008-11-11 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Ce,Pr-coactivated strontium magnesium aluminate phosphor and lamp containing same |
US7419621B2 (en) * | 2006-03-07 | 2008-09-02 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | UV-emitting phosphor and lamp containing same |
US7396491B2 (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2008-07-08 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | UV-emitting phosphor and lamp containing same |
JP4185964B1 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-11-26 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Dielectric barrier discharge lamp lighting device |
CN103026457B (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2016-10-26 | 捷通国际有限公司 | Fluid handling system and the method for operation lamp assembly |
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GB1114556A (en) * | 1965-11-26 | 1968-05-22 | Corning Glass Works | Ceramic article and method of making it |
DE1925436B2 (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1971-01-21 | Nippon Electric Glass Company, Ltd , Tokio | Solder glass that melts and crystallizes at 425 to 430 degrees C to connect front parts with sub-parts of color television tubes |
CH676168A5 (en) * | 1988-10-10 | 1990-12-14 | Asea Brown Boveri | |
US5214350A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-05-25 | Zenith Electronics | Identification of image displays and their component parts |
DE4311197A1 (en) * | 1993-04-05 | 1994-10-06 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Method for operating an incoherently radiating light source |
DE19636965B4 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 2004-07-01 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Electrical radiation source and radiation system with this radiation source |
-
1998
- 1998-06-16 DE DE19826808A patent/DE19826808C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-05-11 US US09/463,904 patent/US6469435B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-11 CA CA002300124A patent/CA2300124C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-11 WO PCT/DE1999/001421 patent/WO1999066537A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-05-11 HU HU0004305A patent/HU224573B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-11 JP JP2000555279A patent/JP3568898B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-11 EP EP99934474A patent/EP1004137B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-11 KR KR1020007001573A patent/KR100354724B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-11 DE DE59914720T patent/DE59914720D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-06-14 TW TW088109894A patent/TW428208B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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HU224573B1 (en) | 2005-11-28 |
DE59914720D1 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
US6469435B1 (en) | 2002-10-22 |
DE19826808A1 (en) | 1999-12-23 |
EP1004137A2 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
KR100354724B1 (en) | 2002-09-30 |
TW428208B (en) | 2001-04-01 |
CA2300124C (en) | 2008-05-06 |
CA2300124A1 (en) | 1999-12-23 |
JP3568898B2 (en) | 2004-09-22 |
HUP0004305A3 (en) | 2003-07-28 |
WO1999066537A2 (en) | 1999-12-23 |
KR20010022965A (en) | 2001-03-26 |
WO1999066537A3 (en) | 2000-01-27 |
HUP0004305A2 (en) | 2001-03-28 |
DE19826808C2 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
JP2002518811A (en) | 2002-06-25 |
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