EP0373176B1 - Paging receiver with dynamically allocated display rate - Google Patents

Paging receiver with dynamically allocated display rate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0373176B1
EP0373176B1 EP88907491A EP88907491A EP0373176B1 EP 0373176 B1 EP0373176 B1 EP 0373176B1 EP 88907491 A EP88907491 A EP 88907491A EP 88907491 A EP88907491 A EP 88907491A EP 0373176 B1 EP0373176 B1 EP 0373176B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screen
timeout value
character
characters
memory
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP88907491A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0373176A4 (en
EP0373176A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Joseph Deluca
Joan Sabin Deluca
John Michael Mckee
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Motorola Solutions Inc
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Motorola Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
    • G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/004—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes to give the appearance of moving signs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
    • G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G08B5/222—Personal calling arrangements or devices, i.e. paging systems
    • G08B5/223—Personal calling arrangements or devices, i.e. paging systems using wireless transmission
    • G08B5/224—Paging receivers with visible signalling details
    • G08B5/225—Display details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to communication systems and more particularly to a communication receiver such as a paging receiver for receiving, storing, and displaying paging information.
  • a communication receiver such as a paging receiver for receiving, storing, and displaying paging information.
  • Modern paging receivers have achieved multifunction capabilities through the use of microcomputers which allow the paging receiver to respond to information having various combinations of tone, tone and voice, or data messages. The information is transmitted using any number of paging coding schemes and message formats. Additionally, these prior art paging receivers also provide such features as storing the data messages in a memory of the paging receiver for allowing the user to recall messages at a later time. Other features have been the ability of paging receivers to selectively recall a message and display it for the paging user.
  • a typical prior art memory display pager stores a plurality of received data messages in a memory of the paging receiver.
  • a particular problem with these prior art paging receivers is a situation when the word length of a message exceeds the capacity of the display due to the small space available for the display.
  • these prior art paging receivers such as US patent No. 3,976,995
  • one remedy is to display a portion of the received message at a time and then marquee the message on a per-character basis from one end of the display array towards the other.
  • this type of marqueeing demands rapid eye movement and renders the message less intelligible than information perceived on a per-word or word group basis.
  • the present invention provides an individual variable screen timeout for each screen of a message, the variable timeout being either user selectable, dynamically allocated, or dependent on message content to render the message more intelligible.
  • the present invention provides a forward direction to display the screens, a reverse direction being the opposite of the forward direction, a fast forward and a fast reverse.
  • a communication receiver such as a paging receiver, capable of receiving and decoding information, the information including at least one data message, storing the data message, and displaying the data message.
  • a communication receiver such as a paging receiver
  • the detailed illustrative embodiments of the invention disclosed herein exemplify the invention and are currently considered to be the best embodiments for such purposes.
  • the present invention is described hereinafter with particular reference to a paging receiver, it is to be understood at the outset of the description which follows it is contemplated that the apparatus and methods in accordance with the present invention may be used with numerous other communication receivers.
  • the paging receiver described herein is associated with a paging system having a base station terminal, response to control and data information from the base station terminal, and in turn, stores and provides data messages to a user during operation.
  • a paging receiver 10 and the method in one form of the invention of generating a variable scroll rate to display a data message comprised of a plurality of display screens, each screen being displayed for a variable display period or variable screen timeout value based upon such factors as message content.
  • a screen timeout value is based upon control characters included within the message.
  • a method of the present invention which includes a method for computing a screen timeout value as a function of user input or as a function of an external control signal.
  • the control signal may take the form of a control word in a code plug memory or the receipt of a control word in the received information.
  • the screen timeout value may be computed as a combination of message content, external control signal or embedded control characters within the received message.
  • a paging receiver 10 including a receiving means 12, a decoding and computing means 14, a memory means 16, a support unit 18, a switching means 20, a display means 22, and an alerting means 24-28.
  • an antenna 30 receives information, such as a paging signal.
  • the paging signal includes control signals and data information for the paging receiver.
  • the antenna 30 is coupled to receiving means 12 that is subject to the control of decoding and computing means 14 hereinafter referred to as decoding means.
  • the decoding means 14 includes a microprocessor 32 that not only controls switching on and off receiving means 12, it may also operate receiving means 12 on an intermediate basis to extend the life of the battery 13 through battery saving circuit 34.
  • Receiving means 12 outputs to decoding means 14 which has an address for comparing the received address words with an address contained in a code plug memory 36 to determine if the particular paging receiver has been activated and to prevent the paging receiver from functioning if it has not been activated.
  • the code plug memory 36 is operatively coupled to the decoding means 14 such that when receiving means 12 receives paging codes and corresponding selective calling signals, the decoding means 14 actuates the code plug memory 36 and reads the unique coded contents thereof. If the received paging code matches the unique paging code from code plug memory 36, then the selective calling message associated with the received paging code is stored in memory means 16. Additionally, the code plug memory includes a predetermined screen timeout value which is accessible by decoding means 14.
  • the paging receiver in FIG. 1 includes the capability of storing selective calling message signals in memory 16 and providing them to support unit 18 or to a display driver 38 for read out according to the state in which the switches of switching means 20 are set.
  • a switch interface 40 provides I/O capability between switching means 20 and microprocessor 32. More specifically, the switching means 20 includes switches 42-44 for passing alert signals to alert annunciators 24, 26, and 28, switches 46-50 to control the storage, protection and retrieval of messages stored in memory 16, and switches 52-56 to control the scroll rate of display means 22. Furthermore, each switch generates an input signal to decoding means 14 in response to activation.
  • the protect switch 34 generates an input signal to decoding means 14 which allows the user to select and protect a message location included in memory 16 from being destroyed.
  • Switch 50 permits the user to read a particular memory location in memory 16.
  • switch 48 allows the user to delete a message from a memory location included in memory means 16.
  • Switches 42 and 44 allow the user to select one of the alerts 24-28 which typically comprise lights, light emitting diodes, speakers, or other annunciators.
  • Switch 54 permits the user to increase the screen timeout value which decreases the scroll rate and thus increases the time a screen is displayed on display means 22.
  • Up activation, switch 52 decreases the screen timeout value which increases the scroll rate and thus decreases the time a screen is displayed on display means 22.
  • switch 56 reverses the order the screens are displayed on display means 22. In operation, switch 56 acts as a rewind function, allowing a user to quickly repeat the display of selected screens from a most recently displayed screen to a least recently displayed screen.
  • the decoding means 14 which includes a microprocessor 32.
  • Microprocessor 32 decodes the address data from the receiving means 12 in a known fashion and compares the result with the predetermined address contained in code plug memory 36 to produce output signals to process the message data, to store the message data, to alert the user that a message has been received, and to display the message to the user.
  • the microprocessor 32 communicates through bus 58 with other elements of the paging receiver 10 via input/output ports 60.
  • One of the output signals from the microprocessor 32 is supplied to a display driver 38 to produce an alphanumeric display of the data on display means 22 such as an LCD display panel 22.
  • Display panel 22 typically has associated with it a predetermined number of alphanumeric display elements.
  • One typical display element that may be used is an 13-segment liquid crystal display having 12 elements. Thus, 12 alphanumeric characters can be displayed at a time on display panel 22.
  • microprocessor 32 Other output signals from microprocessor 32 are supplied to a support unit 18 to selectively enable a vibrator driver 62, an alert lamp driver 64, or transducer driver 66. Other signals are applied to a battery saver unit 34, watchdog timer 68, DC-DC converter 70, and switch interface 40. Microprocessor 32 also controls an alert generator 71 which causes tones produced by transducer driver 66 to be applied to speaker 24.
  • the microprocessor 32 uses oscillator 72 as well known in the art for controlling internal operation as well as its interface with other elements of the paging receiver 10 such as timer control 74.
  • Timer control 74 provides microprocessor 32 time and interrupt information for processing data in a manner well known in the art.
  • Microprocessor 32 is coupled by a data bus 58 to a read only memory (ROM) 76 and by data bus 58 to memory means 16, such as a random access memory (RAM).
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • RAM 16 includes a plurality of message storage areas and is adapted to store the data messages which microprocessor 32 converts from the received encoded paging information signals and to process these signals including decoding, to appropriately store the data messages in designated memory location areas of RAM 16, and to display the data messages on display panel 22.
  • Some of the programs or routines to operate microprocessor 32 are not important for the understanding of the present invention and are not described in detail. However, the programs and routines to display the data messages on display panel 22 and compute the variable scroll rate are stored in ROM 76 and are explained generally with respect to FIGS. 5-14.
  • the data messages received and decoded are stored by microprocessor 32 in message storage areas of RAM 16.
  • the messages are retrieved by the user by notifying the microprocessor 32 through the process of activating the read switch 50 to read appropriate memory storage areas and to display the message via display driver 38 on display panel 22.
  • the paging user may desire to continue such storage and to defer message readout.
  • the user may desire to interrogate memory 16 to determine if any messages have been stored therein while the paging receiver was selected for later readout when so instructed by switches 42 and 44.
  • the paging user activates switch 50 to cause the microprocessor 32 to read a memory location out of memory 16.
  • the microprocessor 32 then arranges the characters of the data message into a plurality of screens in a predetermined order, each screen being comprised of a sequence of characters from the data message.
  • the sequence of characters in a screen are arranged for display on the elements of display panel 22 for easy interpretation of the data message by the paging user.
  • the microprocessor 32 then computes a separate screen timeout value for each screen and displays the screen for the screen timeout value computed. The entire data message is displayed by scrolling through the screens.
  • the subsequent activation of read switch 50 causes microprocessor 32 to step through plural population of memory storage areas displaying their contents. Additionally, activating the read switch 50 during display of a screen holds or "freezes" the screen.
  • additional switches 52 and 54 enable the user to increase and decrease respectively the scroll rate of the data message on display.
  • a reverse switch 56 permits the screens to be displayed in a reverse order. For example, if the nth screen is being displayed for a message, activating the reverse switch displays the n-1, n-2, ... screens in that order until the switch is deactivated.
  • the user can either delete the message by activating the delete switch 48 or protect the message from destruction by activating the protect switch 46.
  • the programs are stored in ROM 76 in a predetermined sequence to cause the operation of the microprocessor for operating on the data messages to store, arrange, recall and display messages in accordance with the following flow charts.
  • Other routines for the operation of the microprocessor are included in the ROM, however, the routines are not described herein since they are not needed for the understanding of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A for clarity and purposes of illustration, a 13-segment display panel 22 having 12 elements is shown.
  • One element for the display is capable of displaying a single alphanumeric character.
  • FIG. 2B As a simplified example of the operation of the microprocessor, consider now the display of the message as shown in FIG. 2B.
  • FIG. 2B illustrates a message 105 "CALL MICHAEL AT 555-9479 IMMEDIATELY" stored in a message storage area 66 of memory 16.
  • the ⁇ signifies an end-of-message character.
  • FIG. 2C illustrates a screen display area 106 being included in memory 16 and includes the same number of elements as display panel 22. Each storage location of screen display area is capable of containing an alphanumeric character in the form of an 8-bit ASCII character capable of being displayed on an element of display panel 22. It is to be pointed out while the present invention is described with particular reference to specific numbers for memory and elements for display 22, for purposes of illustration, it is contemplated that the apparatus and methods, in accordance with the present invention, may be used with numerous other variations in memory length and display panel elements.
  • FIGS. 3A-C illustrate the operation of microprocessor 32 to convert the message 105 in the message storage area to a plurality of screens, each screen being labelled FIG. 3A-C.
  • FIG. 3A shows the first sequence of characters arranged in a word group "CALL MICHAEL" comprising the first screen.
  • FIG. 3B illustrates the second screen comprised of the second sequence of characters "AT 555-9479" from message 105.
  • FIG. 3C illustrates the third sequence of characters "IMMEDIATELY" comprising the third screen.
  • FIGS. 3A-C in the description which follows for clarity.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown a block diagram of the paging receiver functions to display a message. It is to be understood that the functions of each block may be performed by the necessary digital hardware, such as counters, timers, and registers, to accomplish each function as described in a manner well known in the art. However, in the preferred embodiment, the functions are performed by software operating under control of microprocessor 32, a detailed discussion of which is described with reference to FIGS. 5-14.
  • receiving means 12 responds to information transmitted from a base station terminal 100.
  • the decoder 14 receives information from receiver 12 and stores the data messages included in the information in message storage areas in memory 16. Additionally, the decoder 14 responds to control information from the code plug memory 36 and generates control signals for a display controller 102 which responds to user display request switches 46-50 to enable the user to selectively display any one of a plurality of messages stored in memory 16. In response to switches 46-50, the display controller 102 sends control signals to a screen formatter 104 which is responsive to a memory 16 operating under the control of decoder 14, user display switches 46-50, and user adjustable scroll rate switches 52-56.
  • the screen formatter 104 receives the user display request and begins to format screens for the appropriate display of the message as a function of the user display request switches and the number of display elements included in the display 22.
  • One of the objectives of the screen formatter is to arrange the screens into word groups to avoid broken word formats.
  • the received message 105 stored in a selected memory location of data memory includes the plurality of words "CALL MICHAEL AT 555-9479 IMMEDIATELY" in which the number of characters in the message are greater than the elements of display 22.
  • One of the objectives of the screen formatter 104 is to arrange the words in a screen display area 106 as shown in FIG. 2C such that the words of message 105 are displayed on the display 22 in an easy, user friendly manner.
  • Another objective of screen formatter 104 includes displaying words in an unbroken format such that a word is not dissected with a first part appearing in one screen and a second part appearing in the next screen.
  • a screen complexity determinator 108 scans the message content of a screen display area to determine the complexity of the message content of the screen. The complexity can be determined by character type or by words contained in the screen.
  • the screen complexity determinator 108 generates a display time (screen timeout value) for the screen, depending upon the complexity of the screen, and transfers this information to a scroll rate adjustor 110.
  • the scroll rate adjustor 110 is responsive to code plug memory 36 and adjustable scroll rate control information generated by scroll rate control switches 52-56.
  • the scroll rate control takes the form of input signals from the switches or code plug memory.
  • the scroll rate adjustor 110 adjusts the screen timeout value from the screen complexity determinator and uses the information to send a screen timeout value to the display driver 38.
  • Display driver 38 receives the screen timeout value from the scroll rate adjustor 110 and displays the characters contained in the screen on display panel 22 according to the screen timeout value generated by the scroll rate adjustor 110.
  • the display driver 38 verifies a character in the screen display area to be a displayable character. If a character is a non-displayable character, such as a control character, the display driver eliminates the non-displayable character and shifts the remaining characters to eliminate any spaces left by the elimination of the non-displayable character.
  • FIG. 5 shows a flow chart describing a method for the operation of the block diagram of FIG. 4.
  • the method determines if a message has been decoded by the decoder 14, step 150. If a message is decoded, then the message is scheduled to be displayed on display 22, step 154. If a message has not been decoded, then the user display request switches are scanned to determine if the user desires to display a previously stored message, step 152. If the user does not desire to display a previously stored message, the method then returns to wait for incoming paging information.
  • a display operation is executed.
  • the display operation 154 may or may not require variable scrolling.
  • a flag is detected which is stored in memory 16 which determines if variable scrolling is required, step 156.
  • the flag can be set by activating the scroll rate switches or can be set by software control.
  • the variable scrolling operation is scheduled and processed, step 158.
  • the method determines if this is the end of a display operation, and if so, returns to waiting for a message to be decoded, step 159. Referring to step 159, if this is not the end of the display operation, the system repeats the display operation beginning with step 154.
  • An objective of the scroll operation 158 is to format the message into a plurality of screens.
  • a screen is composed by the screen formatter 114 according to the message content of the message.
  • the method begins by determining the order the screens are to be displayed.
  • the screens can be ordered in either a forward or a reverse direction.
  • the forward direction displays the screens in a typical left to right direction as one would read.
  • the reverse direction is the reverse of the forward direction.
  • the forward direction would display the message 106 in the order as shown in FIG. 3A - FIG. 3B - FIG. 3C.
  • the reverse direction would display the message 106 in the order as shown by FIG. 3C - FIG. 3B - FIG. 3A.
  • the screens are ordered from 1, 2, ... n, n+1,; while in the reverse direction, the screens are ordered n+1, n, ... 2, 1.
  • the method first determines if the reverse switch is activated, step 160. If the reverse switch is activated, the screens are generated in the reverse direction, step 162. If the reverse switch is not activated, the forward direction is assumed, step 164. The screens are then generated in a forward direction, step 166. After the screens are ordered in either the forward or reverse direction, the screen timeout value is computed for the first screen to be displayed, step 168. Reference is made to FIGS. 9-14 for a detailed discussion of computing the screen timeout value.
  • the fast switch and the slow switch are scanned to determine if the scroll rate is to be increased or decreased respectively. If the fast switch is activated, the screen timeout value is decreased by a predetermined percentage or amount. Note that decreasing the screen timeout value increases the scroll rate. If the slow switch is activated, the screen timeout value is decreased by a predetermined percentage or amount. This increases the scroll rate. If neither the fast or slow switch is activated, the screen timeout value remains unchanged. Reference is made to FIG. 12 for a more detailed discussion.
  • the method then displays the message content of the screen, step 178.
  • the screen is then displayed for the screen timeout value computed previously, step 180.
  • the read/reset switch is activated, the screen being displayed is held or frozen, step 176. This allows the user to hold a screen on the display indefinitely.
  • the method determines if this is the last screen in the message, step 182. Eventually, the last screen is displayed and the system returns, step 184. Note that each time a screen is formatted, the direction of display is checked, steps 162 and 164. Thus, screens can be displayed in the order 1, 2, 3, ..., p and then reversed p-1, p-2, ... 3, 2, 1 where p ⁇ n.
  • a user can at any time during the display of a message reverse the screen direction.
  • the screen formatter 104 formats the first screen from message "CALL MICHAEL AT 555-9479 IMMEDIATELY" into “CALL MICHAEL", steps 160-166.
  • the screen timeout interval is computed for the first screen, step 168.
  • the screen is transferred to the display panel 22 by the display driver 38 to display "CALL MICHAEL" as shown in FIG. 3A, step 178. If the read switch is activated, the screen is held or frozen. The screen is displayed until the screen timeout interval elapses, step 180. Since two screens remain (FIGS. 3B-C), steps 160-182 are repeated until the last screen is displayed.
  • each screen has a corresponding screen timeout interval which is independently computed for each screen.
  • the screen of FIG. 3A may have a timeout value of 1.11 seconds
  • the screen of FIG. 3B may have a timeout value of 2.17 seconds
  • the screen of FIG. 3C may have a timeout value of 1.11 seconds.
  • the forward format screen operation formats the screens in a forward direction.
  • the first character is retrieved from the message storage area, step 200.
  • the character is tested to determine if this is an end-of-message character, step 202. If the character is not an end-of-message character, the character is transferred to the screen display area and a screen display area pointer is moved forward to the next character location, step 204.
  • the screen display area is then checked to see if it is filled with characters, step 206. If the screen display area is not filled with characters, the method repeats steps 200-206, retrieving a character from the message storage area and writing it to the screen display area. Eventually, the screen display area will be filled or an end-of-message character will be reached.
  • step 202 if an end-of-message character is detected, the method returns, step 214.
  • step 206 in the case of the screen display area becoming full, the system determines if the next character in the message storage area is a space character, step 208. If the next character in the message storage area is a space character, this signifies a break at the end of a word and that the screen display area contains unbroken words. If the next character in the message storage area is not a space, this implies that a word falls across screen boundaries.
  • the method determines the end of the last unbroken word in the screen display area by moving the screen display area pointer back one character at a time, checking the character to see if the character is a space and replacing any non-space characters with a space to clear from the end of the last unbroken word in the screen display area, steps 210-212. Eventually, a space will be found resulting in the next screen beginning with the first word after the space. The method then returns, step 214.
  • the first sequence of characters from message storage area 68 comprise "CALL MICHAEL" (FIG. 3A). Since the first screen boundary coincides with a word boundary, the method will begin the next screen with the sequence "AT " Since the next sequence begins with “AT 555-9479 IMMEDIATELY", the screen boundary will dissect the word “IMMEDIATELY” (FIG. 3C). Thus, the method will generate "AT 555-9479" (FIG.
  • each screen can be stored in memory 16. Additionally, the screen timeout value can be easily stored with the screen. Thus, a plurality of screens with or without the corresponding screen timeout value for each screen can be generated in a predetermined order, such as 1, 2, 3, ...n, from the data message and stored in memory. As is evident, a message or a plurality of messages can then be stored on a screen-by-screen basis. As will be described, storing the screens during the forward format screen operation facilitates the displaying of the screens in a reverse direction, such as p, p-1, ... 2, 1, where p ⁇ n.
  • the reverse format screen formats the screen in a reverse direction.
  • the last character is retrieved from the message storage area, step 250. Additionally, the message storage area pointer is moved in the reverse direction to pick up the previous character. The character is then tested to determine if this is the beginning of the message, step 252. If the character is at the beginning of the message, the method returns, step 264. If the character is not at the beginning of the message, the character is transferred to the screen display area and the screen display area pointer is moved back to the previous character, step 254. The screen display area is then checked to determine if the character transferred is at the beginning of the screen display area, step 256.
  • the method repeats steps 250-256, retrieving a character from the message storage area and writing it to the screen display area. Eventually, the screen display area will be filled or a beginning of message address will be reached. Referring back to step 252, if the beginning of message is detected, the method returns, step 264. Referring back to step 256, in the case of the screen display area becoming full, the method determines if the previous character in the message storage area is a space character, step 258. If the previous character in the message storage area is a space character, this signifies a break at the end of a word and that the screen display area contains unbroken words.
  • the method determines the beginning of the last unbroken word in the screen display area by moving the screen display pointer forward one character at a time, checking the character to see if the character is a space, replacing any non-space characters with a space to clear the last unbroken word in the screen display area and left justifying the word group in the screen, steps 260-262. The method then returns, step 264.
  • the reverse format operation will compute for the first sequence of characters from the message storage area of 105 to be comprised of "IMMEDIATELY" (FIG. 3C).
  • the next sequence of characters for screen 2 will comprise the words “AT 555-9479” (FIG. 3B).
  • the method will generate "CALL MICHAEL” (FIG. 3A) as the last screen.
  • the screens can be previously stored in the forward format screen operation. If the screens have been previously stored in a predetermined order, such as 1, 2, 3, ... n-1, n, the reverse operation can be greatly simplified by recalling the stored screens in a reverse order such as p, p-1, ... 2, 1, where p ⁇ n.
  • the reverse format screen operation comprises recalling the screens from memory in a reverse order without having to individually generate each screen again. If the screen timeout value has also been previously stored, the screen can be immediately displayed since the screen timeout value will be independent of the direction the screens are formatted. However, if the screen timeout value has not been previously stored, the screen timeout value must be recomputed.
  • FIG. 9 there is shown a flow chart for computing the screen timeout value of step 158 of FIG. 6.
  • the flow chart of FIG. 9 illustrates three different methods for computing a variable screen timeout value.
  • the first method computes a variable screen timeout value based upon message content, step 300.
  • the second method computes a variable screen timeout value based on control signals, such as control character embedded in the message of control signals or generated by the code plug memory, step 302.
  • the third method determines a screen variable timeout value by sensing activation of at least one control switch, steps 304-306.
  • the variable screen timeout value based upon sensing control switches can be disabled if a flag is set by a special control character present in the message to be displayed, step 304. This override feature insures that an important message can be intelligently presented to the paging user.
  • the method begins by setting the screen timeout value equal to zero and pointing to the first character in the screen display area, step 350. It is important to remember that the screen display area comprises a sequence of characters from the message to be displayed. In general, the method determines the nature or type of each character in the screen display area and adds a predetermined incremental timeout value to the screen timeout value, depending upon the type of each character.
  • step 352 it is determined whether the character is an alpha character. If the character is an alpha character, then the screen timeout value is incremented by a predetermined incremental time value "X" such as 100 milliseconds, step 356.
  • the predetermined incremental time value "X" can be any value, however, it typically is dependent upon such variables as the number of display elements.
  • step 354 if the character is not an alpha character, it is determined whether the character is a numeric character, step 354. If the character is a numeric character, this, in all probability, signifies that a telephone number or other important data is embedded in the message. Thus, the incremental timeout value for a numeric character is different than the incremental timeout value for an alpha character. In this case, if the character is numeric, the timeout value is increased by a greater amount than the predetermined incremental timeout value "X" for the alpha character. The reason is that numeric data embedded in a paging message is usually a telephone number or some other important data which the user usually desires to copy. Therefore, the predetermined incremental timeout value "X" such as 250 millisecond increments the screen timeout value, step 358.
  • the predetermined incremental timeout value "X" such as 250 millisecond increments the screen timeout value, step 358.
  • step 360 if the character is neither numeric nor alpha, then the character is a special character and the predetermined incremental timeout value "X" is determined from a character lookup table, step 360.
  • a character lookup table with appropriate values of "X" is shown.
  • the space character has an incremental timeout value of 10 milliseconds signifying that the user does not require much time to read a space.
  • the algebraic signs are given a longer incremental timeout value because it would be desirable to display an equation longer than an alphanumeric message.
  • the screen timeout value is determined upon the message complexity and content as determined by steps 352-360.
  • the screen timeout value is then incremented by the incremental timeout value, step 362.
  • the address pointer in the screen display area is then incremented to retrieve the next character in the screen display area, step 362. It is then determined whether the next character in the screen display area is the last character, and if not, the next character is retrieved, step 364. If the last character in the screen display area has been checked, the method then insures a minimum screen timeout value is computed. If the screen timeout value is less than a predetermined value, the screen timeout value is set to a minimum value such as 1.2 seconds, steps 366-368. The method then returns, step 370. Pursuing the example of FIGS. 3A-C, the following table gives the timeout values for the screens. FIG.
  • step 400 begins by retrieving the first character in the screen display area, step 400.
  • step 402. it is determined whether the character is a special predetermined character such as a control three character, step 402.
  • a control three character notifies the method that the following character contains information for determining the screen timeout value. If the character is a control three character, then the address pointer in the screen display area is pointed to the next character, step 404. It is then determined if the next character is a second special predetermined character such as a control C character, step 406.
  • a flag is set to inhibit the variable timeout based on activation of the control switches, step 408. If the next character is not a control C character, the next character will be one of a plurality of control characters in which a screen timeout value "Z" is associated with a corresponding control character via a lookup table as illustrated in block 418. The screen timeout value is set to the timeout value "Z" corresponding to the control character, step 410. The address pointer is then set to retrieve the next character in screen display area, step 412. It is then determined whether the last character in the screen display area has been checked, step 414. If it is not the last character, the procedure repeats again with steps 400-414 searching for another special predetermined character such as a control three character.
  • step 416 eventually the last character in the screen display area is checked and the method exits, step 416.
  • the timeout value for the screen would be set to four seconds.
  • the routine for computing the variable screen timeout value of step 306 of FIG. 9. begins by determining if the user is requesting a faster scroll rate by sensing the fast switch on the paging receiver, step 450. If the user does request a faster scroll rate, the screen timeout value is decreased by a predetermined percentage or amount, such as 90%, step 452. The screen timeout value is then set to the timeout value as requested by the user, step 458.
  • step 454 it is determined whether a slower scroll rate is requested, step 454. If a slower scroll rate is requested, then the screen timeout value is incremented by a predetermined percentage or amount, such as 10%, step 456. The system then sets the screen timeout value to the timeout as requested, step 458. Note that if a faster or slower scroll rate is not requested, the screen timeout value remains unchanged. The system then returns, step 462.
  • a third special control character such as a control B is embedded within the message by the base station terminal processing.
  • the method checks for this special control character, step 470. If the character is found, a predetermined screen timeout value is retrieved from the code plug memory, step 472. The screen timeout value is then set to the retrieved value, step 474.
  • this method permits the base station to override the user variable timeout. As an example, a very important message, such as an emergency message, overrides any user requested timeout value and is displayed for an appropriate length of time to notify the paging receiver user.
  • a method for computing a screen timeout value based upon message content, word content, character type, and control characters begins by setting the screen timeout value to zero, setting a multiplier "M" equal to one and retrieving the first word from the screen display area, step 500.
  • the first word comprised of a plurality of characters, is then compared to a word lookup table, step 502.
  • An example of a word lookup table is shown in block 501. If the word is in the word lookup table, then the screen timeout value is determined on the basis of W and M where W corresponds to the word from the lookup table and M is a multiplier, step 504.
  • the screen timeout value is computed based upon the presupposition that the word following "PHONE" is a number.
  • W is set to .75 and M set to 1.0, giving a screen timeout value of .75 seconds.
  • the method then retrieves the next word in the screen display area, step 504. The method continues by determining if this is the last word in the screen display area, step 506. If it is, then the method returns after checking to insure a minimum screen timeout value has been calculated, steps 508-512. If this is not the last word in the screen display area, then the address pointer is set to the next word in the screen display area and the procedure repeats, step 514.
  • step 502 if the word is not in the word lookup table, then the characters of the word are checked for determining a screen timeout value.
  • the first character of the word is checked to see if the character is a fourth special control character such as control one character, step 516. If the character is a control one character, the multiplier factor is increased by a predetermined percentage or amount, step 518. If the character is not a control 1 character, then it is determined whether the character is a fifth special control character such as a control 2 character, step 520. If the character is a control 2 character, then the multiplier is decremented by a predetermined percentage or amount, step 522. As is evident, steps 516-522 provide a method for increasing or decreasing the timeout multiplier by embedding a corresponding control characters in the message.
  • step 524 it is determined whether the character is an alpha character, step 524. If the character is an alpha character, then the screen timeout value is increased by a predetermined incremental screen timeout value such as 100 milliseconds, step 526. If the character is not an alpha character, then it is determined whether the character is a numeric character, step 528. If the character is a numeric character, then the incremental screen timeout value is increased by a different amount such as 250 milliseconds, step 530. As was explained earlier, the greater incremental timeout value for a numeric character assumes that the numeric character is a phone number or address or some other important information.
  • the screen timeout value is set equal to the timeout value from a special character lookup table as illustrated in block 533 and as described previously with respect to FIG. 10, step 532.
  • the screen timeout value is then modified on the basis of the incremental timeout value and the multiplier "M", step 534.
  • the method retrieves the next character in the word, step 536. If the word contains another character, the system then repeats from steps 500 through 534. Referring back to step 536, if the last character in the word has been checked, then it is determined whether this is the last word in the screen display area, step 506. If the last character in the last word has been checked, then the method checks to insure a minimum screen timeout value has been computed and returns, steps 508-512.
  • the scroll rate of the display is determined by the complexity of the information content of a particular message in storage, by user input, by control characters embedded in the message, or by external control signals.
  • the scroll rate is adjusted by the information and by the user for displaying the message in a easy, friendly manner.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
EP88907491A 1987-08-05 1988-06-27 Paging receiver with dynamically allocated display rate Expired - Lifetime EP0373176B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8176287A 1987-08-05 1987-08-05
US81762 1987-08-05
PCT/US1988/002143 WO1989001211A1 (en) 1987-08-05 1988-06-27 Paging receiver with dynamically allocated display rate

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0373176A1 EP0373176A1 (en) 1990-06-20
EP0373176A4 EP0373176A4 (en) 1991-06-19
EP0373176B1 true EP0373176B1 (en) 1996-01-17

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EP88907491A Expired - Lifetime EP0373176B1 (en) 1987-08-05 1988-06-27 Paging receiver with dynamically allocated display rate

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EP (1) EP0373176B1 (ko)
JP (1) JPH02501698A (ko)
KR (1) KR960012911B1 (ko)
AT (1) ATE133282T1 (ko)
CA (1) CA1317350C (ko)
DE (1) DE3854923T2 (ko)
HK (1) HK1001479A1 (ko)
WO (1) WO1989001211A1 (ko)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2112807C (en) * 1992-05-08 1999-09-07 Charles Joseph Ganucheau, Jr. Method and apparatus for user selectable quick data access in a selective call receiver
US6201526B1 (en) * 1996-09-04 2001-03-13 Motorola, Inc. Visual display device
US6147670A (en) * 1997-03-13 2000-11-14 Phone.Com, Inc. Method of displaying elements having a width greater than a screen display width
US6209009B1 (en) 1998-04-07 2001-03-27 Phone.Com, Inc. Method for displaying selectable and non-selectable elements on a small screen
SE524403C2 (sv) * 2000-11-06 2004-08-03 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M System och metod för anpassningsbar RSVP-baserad textvisning
IT201800021013A1 (it) * 2018-12-24 2020-06-24 Borgwarner System Lugo S R L Caricabatteria con display alfanumerico

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3432846A (en) * 1965-04-19 1969-03-11 Gen Electric Traveling sign controlled by logic circuitry and providing a plurality of visual display effects
US4007443A (en) * 1974-05-06 1977-02-08 Termiflex Corporation Hand-held interactive terminal
US3938139A (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-02-10 Young Communications Corporation Miniature display communicator
US3976995A (en) * 1975-05-22 1976-08-24 Sanders Associates, Inc. Precessing display pager
US4160242A (en) * 1977-06-28 1979-07-03 Fowler Gerald C Reading machine
JPS5857773B2 (ja) * 1979-10-30 1983-12-21 シャープ株式会社 情報表示装置
JPS58178642A (ja) * 1982-04-13 1983-10-19 Nec Corp 表示付き個別選択呼出受信機
JPS61198931A (ja) * 1985-02-28 1986-09-03 Nec Corp 表示機能付無線選択呼出受信機
JPH0669163B2 (ja) * 1985-09-17 1994-08-31 日本電気株式会社 表示機能付無線選択呼出受信機

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1989001211A1 (en) 1989-02-09
KR960012911B1 (ko) 1996-09-25
HK1001479A1 (en) 1998-06-19
JPH02501698A (ja) 1990-06-07
KR890702164A (ko) 1989-12-23
DE3854923D1 (de) 1996-02-29
DE3854923T2 (de) 1996-08-14
EP0373176A4 (en) 1991-06-19
CA1317350C (en) 1993-05-04
EP0373176A1 (en) 1990-06-20
ATE133282T1 (de) 1996-02-15

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