EP0370885A1 - Mechanical release support - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR89/00597 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 26, 1990 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 26, 1990 PCT Filed Nov. 20, 1989 PCT Pub. No. WO90/05949 PCT Pub. Date May 31, 1990.A releasable mechanical abutment consisting of a profile made of a resilient, thin, and elongated material (1, 30, 42, 70, 90, 107) at least partly bent over itself along a longitudinal axis, a force or effort being applied and exerted on ends of the profile, and at least one triggering element (22, 46, 64, 76, 93, 113) adapted for acting generally perpendicularly on one or several determined sections (10, 38, 50) of the profile by creating a deformation of the profile which materializes a preferential flexural zone, in a manner that abrupt buckling of the profile according to the zone and section is such that it does not exceed the resilient limit of the material, and causes the immediate relaxation of the applied force or effort.

Description

The present invention relates to a mechanical stop, capable of being triggered under the action of a control element using a very low energy and the operation of which brings into play the property of a flexible profile to flame under stress. which the stopper is subjected to, by deformation and folding of at least one of its sections.

Numerous embodiments of mechanical stops are already known, used in particular in certain differential electric switches or in attachment systems, in which an energy accumulator, usually a highly compressed spring, is suddenly released to act on a mechanism whose setting in operation performs a safety function (opening of a relay, breaking of a circuit, operation of a lock, release of a load or of a previously immobilized element, etc.). Maintaining the load on the spring is generally ensured by a support member forming a stop, which can suddenly disappear under the effect of a control element actuated as a result of exceeding a predetermined set point by a given quantity. , continuously measured and adapted in particular to provide the force necessary for the control element. This is subsequently referred to by the general term of trigger. Various embodiments of such trip devices for use with switches or circuit breakers are illustrated in US-A-2,968,708, DE-A-2,744,963 and US-A 3,050,599.

It is also conventional to provide means for multiplying the control force of the stop, for example constituted by a set of levers or toggle members; the trigger can then be constituted by any suitable device, of thermal (bimetal), electrical (electromagnetic relay), mechanical (lever, clamp ...), to provide, as a function of the magnitude measured, minimal effort but nevertheless sufficient to produce, after exceeding the set value, the release of the stop and the release of the compressed spring.

However, all of these conventional systems require numerous parts, the structure of which is generally complex and which significantly increase the cost price, with a response time which is not always instantaneous between the action of the trigger and the release. of the stop, due in particular to the necessary transmission and reduction of the movements.

The present invention relates to a mechanical triggering stop which avoids these drawbacks, thanks to the use of a flexible profile having, with respect to the compressive force exerted on the stop, high rigidity, joined to a faculty of buckling of great amplitude, allowing the instantaneous release of said effort by erasing the stop under the effect of a trigger, requiring for its implementation only a minimal effort and consequently a control energy very small.

In other words, the invention consists in the design of a mechanical stop with high rigidity but capable of being instantly erased following a contribution of minimum mechanical energy, which can in particular be provided by or from the quantity measured itself when the latter crosses a predetermined threshold, the erasure of the stopper being able moreover to make it possible to act if necessary on means suitable for bringing said quantity back below the setpoint threshold adopted.

It also aims, through the use of a single mechanical part, having at least one preferred bending section, suitable to initiate the buckling and clearing effect of the stop, to achieve a set where the triggering energy does not depend or negligibly depends on the stop force itself, which does not involve any significant overload for this triggering and which ensures automatic resetting without dead center to be crossed, the flexible section returning to the initial position as soon as the abutment force ceases, which has a reduced mass in movement and is finally practically independent in its response to external conditions.

To this end, the mechanical trigger stop considered is characterized in that it is constituted by a profile in an elastic, thin and elongated material, at least partially bent on itself along a longitudinal axis, the stop force acting on the ends of the profile, and by at least one trigger, capable of acting on one or more determined sections of the profile, creating a deformation of the latter materializing a preferential bending zone so that the sudden buckling of the profiled according to this section, such that it does not exceed the elastic limit of the material, causes the immediate relaxation of said force.

The elastic material constituting the profile is preferably spring steel but could be made by means of another material, metallic or composite, in particular based on resistant fibers coated in a plastic material, having in all cases a limit. elastic such that, after removal of the abutment force, the profile returns to its initial shape.

The trip device can be constituted by any device, in itself conventional, transforming the energy of the monitored quantity, beyond a predetermined set value, into mechanical energy transmitted to an actuating member acting on the section preferential profile to bring it in conditions of lower resistance where its buckling can be immediately achieved.

If necessary, the abutment force can be such that it initiates the buckling of the profile itself, in the absence of a triggering action, in particular when it exceeds the limit of the flexural strength of the profile.

Thanks to these provisions, and within the framework of the operating principles thus defined, it is naturally possible to envisage any variant with regard to the shape of the profile, the material or materials constituting it, its mode of deformation and consequently the process. of its triggering. In particular and in a particular embodiment, the profile is constituted by a tube, of reduced thickness, the trigger being produced by the pressure variation of a fluid, preferably liquid contained inside the tube.

In general, the triggering of the profile consists of a determined action, capable of reducing the buckling resistance by crushing or deformation of at least one of its sections, locally reducing its bending. Under these conditions, two modes of triggering the profile can be envisaged; in one, the trip device crushes a section of a section, bent over its entire length, while in the other, the preferred section is kept bent, the section being plane at rest in this section and bent in the rest of its surface, while the trigger is arranged to cause the relaxation of this preferred section, the profile therefore crushing itself allowing its buckling.

In the profile, we define in particular what in the following description, we will call the reaction axis, consisting of the geometric location of the centers of gravity of the successive sections of the profile, from one end to the other of it. this. According to the invention, in the armed or engaged position, the reaction axis is substantially a straight line parallel to the direction of the compressive force created on the profile by the stop over most of its length. Likewise, the average fiber of the profile, considered in each section thereof, is generally a curve. Under these conditions, upon triggering, this medium fiber becomes more and more open in the vicinity of the sensitive section, as the crushing progresses. Likewise, the reaction axis is deformed in the vicinity of this sensitive section and the distance separating it from the direction of the abutment force varies to move away from it or to approach it.

The profile thus armed, mounted between its two end pads, then resists buckling thanks to the fact that it has a high moment of inertia to bending, in this case behaving like a beam compressed between the two pads. The distance separating its axis of reaction from the direction of the force creates a torque all the more limited as this distance is smaller, however establishing a preferred direction of buckling.

The action of the trigger then consists in reducing by crushing the moment of inertia to the bending of the profile as and when its preferential section approaches a straight line.

At the same time, and in various alternative embodiments where the profile has a simple curvature, its reaction axis at the right of this section is deformed to approach or move away from the direction of the force.

Buckling occurs as soon as the deformation of the reaction axis in the vicinity of this preferred section is such that it creates sufficient bending torque to initiate this buckling, then instantly releasing the stop.

Thus in a particular embodiment, significantly improving the stability, the profile can be mounted so that its preferred direction of buckling in the armed position causes it to rest on a fixed part or on the trigger itself and so that the trigger forces the reaction axis to cross the direction of the abutment force, reversing the direction of the bending stress created on the profile, immediately causing the desired buckling.

In various alternative embodiments, the ability of the profile to straighten and rearm the stopper independently can be used so as to require no, if not only very little external action for resetting the device. In particular, this resetting can be obtained by a limited force on the central part of the profile.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the curved profile is held between two studs at its ends and is supported at one of the latter on a ball or a knife facilitating its buckling after triggering by reduction of residual bending stresses near this end. As a variant, at least one of the ends of the curved profile is embedded in a flexible material, of the type of an adhesive or a resin, distributing the abutment force more homogeneously on this end.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the curved profile constituting the stop is lightened at the right of its preferential section, in particular by making in the profile a median hole or even by providing symmetrical notches on its lateral edges, in order to maintain the center of gravity of the section substantially in the center thereof. This operation carried out at one end can likewise allow, without manufacturing difficulty, to produce a flexible articulation, applying precisely the abutment force at a determined distance from the reaction axis. Notches provided in the end edges of the profile can, if necessary, serve as housing for the establishment of a support axis of the profile, on which the abutment force is applied.

According to an alternative embodiment, the ends of the profile are embedded in arms articulated on support pads, capable of being actuated along an axis perpendicular to the plane of the preferred section on either side of which the buckling is carried out, these arms increasing the rigidity of the profile and the extent of its deflection in bending.

Advantageously, the preferred section is arranged in the vicinity of one end of the profile.

In a particular embodiment, the profile is associated with a rearming member, possibly in two parts forming a toggle joint and whose arms shaped according to the curvatures of the curved profile, bear on the latter to straighten it after buckling.

• - La Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un profilé mince en partie cintré sur lui-même et présentant une section préférentielle de flexion au repos, entrant dans la réalisation d'une butée mécanique selon l'invention.
• - La Figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un exemple de réalisation d'une butée mécanique, mettant en jeu le profilé cintré selon la figure 1.
• - Les Figures 3 et 4 sont des vues, respectivement de côté et en perspective, d'une variante de réalisation où le profilé est cintré sur toute sa longueur.
• - Les Figures 5 et 6 représentant schématiquement un autre exemple de réalisation, avec le profilé selon la Figure 1 en position de maintien de la butée (Figure 5) et en position de libération de cette dernière (Figure 6).
• - Les Figures 7, 8 et 9 illustrent en coupe transversale trois autres variantes de réalisation d'un mécanisme à butée mécanique selon l'invention.
• - Les Figures 10 a 12 illustrent encore une autre variante de réalisation où la butée considérée est plus particulièrement adaptée à l'immobilisation et à la libration d'un organe largable.

Other characteristics and advantages of a mechanical stop established in accordance with the invention will become apparent from the following description of several exemplary embodiments, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:

• - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a thin section partially curved on itself and having a preferential bending section at rest, entering into the production of a mechanical stop according to invention.
• - Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a mechanical stop, involving the curved profile according to Figure 1.
• - Figures 3 and 4 are views, respectively from the side and in perspective, of an alternative embodiment where the profile is bent over its entire length.
• - Figures 5 and 6 schematically showing another embodiment, with the profile according to Figure 1 in the position for holding the stop (Figure 5) and in the release position of the latter (Figure 6).
• - Figures 7, 8 and 9 illustrate in cross section three other alternative embodiments of a mechanical stop mechanism according to the invention.
• - Figures 10 to 12 illustrate yet another alternative embodiment where the stopper considered is more particularly suitable for immobilizing and releasing a releasable member.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the mechanical stop considered essentially consists of a metal profile 1, being in the form of a thin metal blade, bent on itself in the vicinity of its ends 2 and 3. The end 2 is embedded in a support 4 of generally parallelepiped shape in the embodiment shown, while its end 3 is itself taken from a block 5 of a suitable material of the hardened resin type. The support 4 has an upper flat face 6 against which a given abutment force is exerted, the direction of which is shown diagrammatically by the arrow 7. In contrast, the block 5 is associated with a ball 8, projecting slightly from the outside to come into abutment on a flat surface 9, the reaction thereon being exerted in the opposite direction to the direction of the abutment force 7.

The section 1 thus bent comprises, at rest, a preferred bending section 10, according to which the curvature or the average fiber of the section is deformed to approach a straight line 11. Advantageously, the section comprises in section 10 reliefs of surface, in particular one or more holes such as 12, preferably formed in the center of the profile or symmetrically with respect to its median plane so that its center of gravity at the right of this section remains in this plane.

In the drawing, the reference 13 designates what can be called the reaction axis of the profile 1, constituted by the geometric location of the centers of gravity of the successive sections of this profile, from one end to the other of that -this. The axis 13 is thus parallel to the direction 7 of the abutment force, in particular in the regularly and identically bent parts of the profile, in the vicinity of its ends, the distance which separates the reaction axis 13 from the direction 7 of the effort being shown schematically in the drawing by the reference e . When the profile is at rest, the axis 13 bends as one moves brings section 10 closer to it as close as possible to the transverse axis 11 which materializes the maximum deformation of the profile. When the latter is armed, all of its sections are bent identically and its axis 13 is then a straight line.

Advantageously, provision is made in the section 1, in particular in the vicinity of its upper end 2 to which the abutment force applies other lightenings such as 14, provided in the central part and if necessary in the lateral parts of the section. , these lightenings being delimited by arms 15 and 16 respectively, symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the profile and allowing the force in the direction of arrow 7 at the desired location.

In the device illustrated in FIG. 2, the profile 1 described above, is shown mounted inside a housing 17. The support 4 provided at the upper end 2 of the profile is slidably mounted in a suitable housing, delimited by a rim 18 of the wall of the housing, it is subjected to the action of a spring 19, exerting the abutment force according to arrow 7 and has a movable contact 27a resting on a fixed contact 27b secured to the box 17. The bottom of the box constitutes the bearing surface 9 of the ball 8. In the drawing, the reaction axis 13 and the distance which separates it from the direction 7 of the force exerted are also shown on the profile.

According to the invention, the profile 1 is associated with a trigger which, in the example considered, consists of a transverse rod 22 capable of undergoing a displacement in the direction of the arrow 21, in particular for exerting a limited force on the profile in its preferred bending zone 10. The rod 22 cooperates with a lever 23 articulated around an axis 24. The lever 23 penetrates at one end into a notch 25 in the rod 22 and bears at its opposite end on a trigger button 20 A spring 28 permanently recalls the rod 22 against the profile 1 in contact with the surface of its section 10 and the hanger to straighten its reaction axis 13.

In the armed position, shown in solid lines in the drawing, the section 1 is not marked on itself around its section 10 and keeps the contacts 27a and 27b applied against each other with great force. The force in the direction of arrow 7, due to the spring 19, is fully supported by the profile, which thus opposes any release of the system.

The trigger thus designed allows, by an action of very small amplitude exerted on the button 20 to push the rod 22, leaving the preferential section 10 to straighten, then instantly causing the profile to buckle by bending it around the 'transverse axis 11. In this movement, the profile 1 pushes the rod 22 against the spring 28 abruptly separating the contacts 27a and 27b.

The rearming of the stop can then be carried out, by applying the necessary force to the end of the rod 22 projecting from the housing, bringing the profile 1 back to its initial position where, by its own rigidity, it opposes to the force created by the spring 19, until further intervention of the trigger button 20.

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the metal profile, here designated under the reference 30. This again consists of a thin metallic element, and bent on itself comprising recesses 31 delimiting arms 32 and 33 in the vicinity of one of its ends 34 while the other end 35 is embedded in a block 36 associated with a ball 37. The preferred bending section of the profile is delimited by lightenings 38, provided in the surface of the profile , these alleviations making it possible to reduce the residual force during buckling. Other thinnings 39 can also be provided in other regions of the profile. In the drawing, the reference 40 designates the direction of the abutment force, the reference 41 the reaction axis, the distance of which to the direction of the force 40 is again represented under the reference e .

In the first variant illustrated in Figure 1, the metal section 1 has at rest a substantially planar shape, its ends 2 and 3 being forced and kept curved by the support 4 and the block 5 at its ends. In the variant according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the profile 30 is on the contrary naturally bent, the deformation of the latter in its preferred bending section 38 being produced by a force applied to it to cause it to take a shape substantially flat.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the section 42 whose characteristics are those of the section 1 of Figure 1, has its ends maintained respectively in a support member 43 and an immobilizer block 44 to inside a box 45. As a variant, the block 44 can be constituted by glue or a resin having an appropriate flexibility, embedding the end of the profile 42.

The trigger 46 is constituted by a permanent magnet 47 against the poles of which a metal frame is arranged comprising two parallel extensions 48 and 49, delimiting between them a gap normally closed on itself by the profile 42, in line with its bending section 50. The entire trigger 46 thus formed rests against the bottom of the housing 45 on dampers 51, the armature being further associated with an electromagnetic coil 52. At rest the magnet 47 attracts the preferential section 50 of the profile 42 , then flat and the hanger, the profile being thus reinforced. The passage of a current in this coil then modifies the reluctance of the magnetic circuit, so that the initially bent section 50 partially relaxes and allows, at a given instant, the sudden buckling of the profile 41. Figure 6 shows the position taken by the latter thus achieving the release of the stop member 43.

In another variant shown in FIG. 7, the flexible section 51 has its ends embedded in two fingers 52 and 53 respectively. At its opposite end, the arm 52 comprises a ball 54 supported by a support block 55, mounted in the bottom 56 of a housing 57. The other arm 53 likewise comprises, opposite the profile, a ball joint 58, suitable for cooperating with a lever 59, articulated with a part around an axis 60 carried by the housing, possibly mounted with play to better distribute the forces in the plane of the profile, the lever 59 being subjected on the other hand to the action of a return spring 61. The lever 59 has an extension on which is mounted a contact pad 62, normally in abutment against a homologous fixed stud 63 in particular when the section 51 plays its role of stop, by opposing the pivoting of the lever 59 by means of the spring 61. The device also comprises a trip unit 64 with permanent magnet, similar to that already described in the embodiment of Figures 5 and 6 and the details of which may therefore not be explained again here. The trigger 64 acting on the section 51 in a preferential bending section thereof, allows, as before, to cause the stop to flare, by releasing the lever 59 and abruptly disengaging the contacts 62 and 63.

The device is also associated with a reset assembly 65, comprising a push button 66, carried by an articulated system 67, in particular with a deformable parallelogram. The button 66 comprises a pusher 68 subjected to the action of a spring 69, making it possible to act directly on the profile 51 for the straightening of the latter and its return to the armed position, with the arms 62 and 63 arranged according to the same direction.

Figure 8 illustrates yet another variant, derived from the previous one, where the profile 70, which in this case is of the type of the variant according to Figures 3 and 4, is immobilized by its ends in blocks 71 and 72, made of resin or other material having similar relative flexibility, the block 71 forming part of a lever 73 subjected to the action of a spring 74 pivotally mounted in a housing 75. The trigger 76 must, this time crush the preferred section 80 of the profile ; for this, it comprises an electromagnet 77 in the coil of which is movably mounted a core 78, extended by a fork 79 whose ends come to bear against the edges of the profile 70 in the region of its preferential bending section 80.

The profile 70 is again associated with a reset device, here with a toggle joint, comprising two links 81 and 82, articulated one on the other around an axis 83. The link 81 is itself articulated on the housing 75 around another axis 84, while the link 82 has its end which engages in a notch 85 of the lever 73. A return spring 86 constantly tends to bend the toggle joint, while a button 87 allows '' ensure the opening of the latter and return the profile to its cocking position after deformation and bending thereof, achieved by the trigger 76, its recovery being permanently assisted by the rods 81 and 82 which are supported on him.

Figure 9 illustrates another variant, also derived from the previous ones. The profile 90 is secured at its ends to two pivoting arms 91 and 92 and actuated by two triggers 93a and 93b of any type deforming as it should be two preferential sections of corresponding type, the assembly being mounted in a housing 94. A button reset 95 allows the profile to be returned to its stop position after buckling. The movement of the profile causes the triggering of a piston 96 provided with a spring 97, allowing, as the case may be, the contact or separation of two studs 98 and 99. A tension spring 100a is mounted in the vicinity of the profile of so as to keep the contact pads 98 and 99 away from each other when the device has tripped. An electromagnet coil 100b traversed by the current flowing through the pads 98 and 99, increases the force on the profile 90 by attracting the movable pad 98 and its actuation mechanism constituted by the piston 96 and the spring 97 When the current becomes too high, the profile 90 suddenly bursts by overload, which provides additional security with regard to a short-circuit current between the pads 98 and 99.

Figures 10 to 12 illustrate another possible application of the device according to the invention, in which the triggerable stop according to the invention is used for immobilizing a sliding member 101, movably mounted in a housing 102, this member comprising a notch 103, suitable for coming to cooperate with a lock 104. This is linked to an arm 105 whose connection with a homologous arm 106 is produced by a section 107 according to the invention. The trigger is constituted by a lever 108 provided with a reset handle 109 and by a spring 110, cooperating with a bearing end piece 111 on the profile 107, the assembly being mounted in a housing 112. The lever 108 comprises a lug 113 and is movable around the fixed point 114 of the housing. Another spring 115 is provided for permanently exerting an action on the latch 104 in a direction which causes the abutment effect on the profile 107.

In this embodiment, the sliding member 101 is engaged in the passage 102 of the housing 112 and brought to the end of the race in the position shown in Figure 10, where it is blocked by the latch 104, engaged in the notch 103 The trigger is constituted by the lever 108 which, by pivoting, causes the bending of the profile 107 under the effect of the lug 113, the latch 104 then releasing the notch 103 under the effect of the spring 115. The rearming of the system is carried out due to the force due to the spring 110, operating in the opposite direction the lever 108 by its handle 109, at the same time as the end piece 111 which straightens the profile.

Thus, whatever the embodiment adopted, a mechanical abutment system is produced in which the profile opposes the force exerted on it with high rigidity while allowing it to buckle and consequently be erased practically instantaneously, following the intervention of a triggering organ involving only a very low energy. This can in particular be provided from a monitored quantity, as soon as the latter exceeds a determined setpoint threshold. The system requires only a few parts with very reduced moving masses, which require only a limited effort when the stop is released. The profile used can be easily reset after each trip without there being any need to exceed a neutral position. Finally, the assembly is practically independent of external conditions, in particular temperature, possible vibrations, etc.

Of course and as follows from the above, it goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiments more specifically described and shown above; on the contrary, it embraces all its variants. In particular, when the profile has two lateral edges, as opposed to the particular case where it has a tubular configuration, the trigger can act by pushing on at least one point belonging to each edge, preferably on both, thereby creating a mechanical effect suitable for initiating buckling by flattening the profile and the resulting initiation bending. In this case, the action of the trigger is preferably located in the center of the profile along its longitudinal dimension.

Claims (13)

1 - Mechanical trigger stop, characterized in that it is constituted by a profile made of an elastic material (1, 30, 42, 70, 90, 107), elongated and thin, at least partially bent on itself according to a longitudinal axis, the abutment force being exerted on the ends of the profile and by at least one trigger (22, 46, 64, 76, 93, 113) capable of acting on one or more determined sections (10, 38, 50) of the profile, by creating a deformation thereof, materializing a preferential bending zone, so that the sudden buckling of the profile according to this section, such that it does not exceed the elastic limit of the material, causes sagging immediate of said effort. 2 - Mechanical stop according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic material is spring steel or any other metallic or composite material, in particular based on resistant fibers coated in a plastic material, having in all cases a limit elastic such that, after removal of the abutment force, the profile returns to its initial shape. 3 - Mechanical stop according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the curved profile is held between two studs at its ends (4, 5). 4 - Mechanical stop according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the profile is in abutment on one of it on a ball (8, 37) or a knife facilitating buckling under the force of trigger. 5 - Mechanical stop according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of the ends of the profile is embedded in a flexible material, of the adhesive or resin type, distributing the stop force homogeneously on this end. 6 - Mechanical stop according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the curved profile constituting the stop is lightened to the right of its preferential section, by producing in the profile a median hole (12) or by providing symmetrical notches (14) on its lateral edges, in order to maintain the center of gravity of the section substantially in the center of the latter. 7 - Mechanical stop according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that notches are provided in the end edges of the profile to serve as a housing for the establishment of a support axis of the profile, on which the abutment force is applied. 8 - Mechanical stop according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the profile are embedded in articulated arms (52, 53) on support pads, capable of being actuated along an axis perpendicular to the plane of the preferential section on either side of which the buckling is carried out. 9 - Mechanical stop according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the profile is associated with a reset member, possibly in two parts (82, 83) forming a toggle and whose arms shaped according to the curves of the profile bent, lean on it to straighten it after buckling. 10 - Mechanical stop according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the profile is bent at rest over its entire length, the trigger crushing the section creating the preferred bending buckling zone. 11 - Mechanical stop according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the profile, plane at rest, on a preferential bending zone of buckling is kept curved over its entire length in the armed position, the trigger causing the release of this section. 12 - Mechanical stop according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the profile is constituted by a tube, of reduced thickness, the triggering being carried out by the pressure variation of a fluid, preferably contained liquid inside the tube. 13 - Mechanical stop according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the profile is arranged so that its preferred direction of buckling in the armed position, makes it rest on a fixed part or on the trigger itself- even, so that this trigger forces the reaction axis of the profile, constituted by the geometrical location of the center of gravity of the successive sections of this profile along its length, in the armed position to be straight, the direction of buckling in the section preferential pressing the profile on the trigger, and in the trigger position to cut the direction of the abutment force to reverse the direction of buckling in said preferential section.

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