EP0369579A1 - Générateur de gaz à construction légère non soudé à lèvre roulée par centrifugation - Google Patents

Générateur de gaz à construction légère non soudé à lèvre roulée par centrifugation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0369579A1
EP0369579A1 EP89308312A EP89308312A EP0369579A1 EP 0369579 A1 EP0369579 A1 EP 0369579A1 EP 89308312 A EP89308312 A EP 89308312A EP 89308312 A EP89308312 A EP 89308312A EP 0369579 A1 EP0369579 A1 EP 0369579A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inflator
diffuser
housing
filter assembly
combustion
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP89308312A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0369579B1 (fr
Inventor
Jess Cuevas
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Talley Automotive Products Inc
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Talley Automotive Products Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R21/264—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic
    • B60R21/2644—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic using only solid reacting substances, e.g. pellets, powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to automobile passive restraint safety devices and more particularly, to a light­weight pyrotechnic gas generator unit for inflating auto­mobile air bags, wherein the unit is joined without the use of welds and/or rivets.
  • One of the problems with providing such a passive restraint system for protecting the driver of the automobile during a crash is how to arrange and position the device upon the steering column. For reasons of styling and consumer acceptance, as well as not interfering with the driver's movement or vision of the instrument panel, and so as not to degrade the vehicle's steering dynamics, it is desirable to arrange the crash restraint apparatus as conveniently as possible, and yet have it positioned so that it effectively accomplishes its intended protective function.
  • an inflating device for such a crash restraint system must be capable of discharging a relatively large volume of gas in a very short period of time (e.g., 30-60 milli­seconds), there are safety considerations not only in the deployment of the inflator within the automobile, but also with regard to handling, installing, replacing and repairing such inflating devices.
  • the utilization of an inflator apparatus with a low weight is important for several reasons.
  • the wheel assembly is in a canti­levered position at the end of the steering column.
  • the additional weight placed upon the wheel assembly can cause excessive column whip attributable to vertical accelerations due to road shocks (e.g., bumps or chuckholes) which can lead to degraded, or possibly a loss, of driver control.
  • the inflator is required to be located asymmetrically with respect to the steering column center­line, any excessive weight attributable to this device will create resistive wheel turning torque, thus degrading the rotational dynamics of the steering assembly and providing potential for loss of driver control or other unusual or undesirable vehicle handling "feel" under certain driving conditions.
  • some recently introduced inflator devices utilize aluminum casing materials.
  • lighter materials such as aluminum in the construction of automobile air bag inflators, however, creates certain diffi­culties in that techniques need to be developed for rapidly connecting components formed of this material together in such a way as to ensure the formation of a seal therebetween which is capable of resisting the high internal pressures produced when the gas generant is ignited during the infla­tion cycle.
  • the inflating gas is generally supplied either from a source of compressed air or other compressed gas, such as shown in Chute, U.S. Pat. No. 3,411,808 and Wissing et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,413,013, and a number of other patents in the crash restraint field.
  • the bag is inflated by igniting a pyrotechnic propellant composition and directing the gaseous combustion products produced thereby directly into the bag.
  • the first technique discussed above for inflating an air bag requires a reservoir of gas stored at a very high pressure, which may be discharged into the bag as soon as an impact is sensed.
  • a relatively large reservoir of gas at pressures of 3000 psi or more is required.
  • explosive arrangements have been employed in the prior art for bursting a diaphragm or cutting through a structural portion of the reservoir. Such explosive arrangements have significant inherent safety problems, such as the production of shrapnel by the explosion, as well as the relatively high sound level reached within the passenger compartment due to the explosion. The psychological factor of having these explosives in each automobile also cannot be ignored.
  • the gas bottle (i.e., reservoir) technique for inflating an air bag also suffers from an additional disad­vantage in that the gas pressure is highest at the commence­ment of bag deployment and decreases as a function of time as the gas in the storage reservoir is depleted. Moreover, the pressure/time history of such pressurized gas inflator devices is difficult if not impossible to control at reason­able cost and reliability. Further, the pressurized gas technique is undesirable since a minor leak can result in all of the gas being lost during the long period that the passenger restraint system may remain in the automobile prior to its deployment in a crash.
  • the adiabatic cooling of the gas as it expands from a storage condition of elevated pressure to the nearly ambient pressure of the inflatable bag reduces the effective volume of the gas available for inflating the bag.
  • This cooling effect thus requires the manufacturer of the device to provide a total gas storage volume significantly greater than if the gas was initially stored at an elevated temperature.
  • the second technique discussed above employs a pyrotechnic gas generator having a rapidly burning propellant composition stored therein for producing substantial volumes of hot gaseous products which are then directed into the inflatable bag.
  • Some compositions are available which produce a sufficiently low temperature combustion gas such that the gas may be directed substantially directly into the bag without danger to the vehicle's occupants.
  • Other systems produce a high temperature combustion product requiring means for cooling the gas before it is introduced into the bag.
  • One such gas generator includes an annular combust­ion chamber which is bounded by a welded outer casing or housing structure.
  • the combustion chamber encloses a ruptur­able container or cartridge that is hermetically sealed and which contains a solid gas generant in pelletized form, surrounded by an annular filter assembly.
  • the device further includes a central ignition or initiator zone and a toroidal filter chamber adjoining and encircling the combustion chamber.
  • An inner casing or housing structure is located in close surrounding and supporting relationship to the ruptur­able container, the inner casing being formed by a cylinder having uniformly spaced peripheral ports or orifices near one end. These orifices provide exit holes to facilitate the flow of gas from the combustion chamber.
  • inflator devices are constructed comprising first and second structural components or shells, i.e., specifically, a first diffuser shell and a second base shell. Both shells are forged and heat treated, after which they undergo machining to obtain a proper fit therebetween.
  • the first structural component i.e., the diffuser shell, comprises three integral concentric cylinders. These cylind­ers form the inner structural walls of the inflator and define chambers therein containing the solid gas generant, the ignition means and the filter assembly.
  • the cylinder walls further define exit openings or ports for the passage of the gases between adjacent chambers and subsequently out of the inflator and into the protective air bag.
  • the second structural component i.e., the base shell
  • an initiator device i.e., an elec­trical squib
  • a flange may also be provided around the outer periphery of the base shell for attaching an air bag thereto.
  • the base shell further comprises three additional concentric mating surfaces corresponding to the concentric cylinders of the diffuser shell. The three concentric cylinders of the diffuser shell are thus mated to corresponding concentric mating surfaces located upon the base shell by a process such as inertia welding.
  • gas filtration systems are normally included within generators of the type described above, to cool the gas and to remove from the gas flow the particulate products produced as a result of the combustion of the pyro­technic material.
  • Filters included in prior art gas generat­ors of the type described above ordinarily comprise a series of zones or chambers containing layers of metal screen material having a variety of mesh sizes and/or one or more layers of an inert fiber. These filter components are typic­ally separated from the central combustion chamber by thick support walls, which are required in this type of generator construction to withstand the elevated pressures produced during the ignition and combustion of the gas generant. A plurality of openings or ports are provided in these walls, through which the gas must pass in order to reach the filtra­tion zone. Moreover, some sort of clip or pedestal arrange­ment within the filtration zone is normally required to main­tain the plurality of screens, pads, etc. in proper position and alignment.
  • Gas generators must withstand enormous thermal and mechanical stresses for a short period during the gas genera­tion process.
  • many of the inflators that have been and are currently being used with automobile air bag devices are fabricated using heavy gauge steel for the casing and other structural housing components, with these components being joined together by, for example, screw threads, crimping or welding. More specifically, each of the gas generator units presently in commercial production is assembled and sealed with, for example, the use of some form of welding technique, such as inertia welding or electron beam welding.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an inflator device having a reduced diameter due to the utilization of a unique dome-shaped housing configuration so as to maximize the available unused spaced within the automobile steering apparatus.
  • the present invention thus comprises a sealed inflator, i.e., gas generator, apparatus adapted for providing a sufficient amount of a gaseous product by the combustion of a pyrotechnic composition stored within the housing thereof for substantially inflating an automobile air device in an interval of between about 30-60 milliseconds. This period approximates the time between the occurrence of a primary collision between the vehicle and, for example, a second car and a secondary collision occurring between the occupants of the automobile and the interior surfaces thereof, which occurs as a direct result of the primary collision.
  • a sealed inflator i.e., gas generator
  • the subject inflator apparatus is comprised of a small number, i.e., six, component parts in comparison to other prior art devices utilized for the same purpose which can contain on the order of about 15-30 parts.
  • compon­ents include: (1) a domed diffuser shell which is open at one end; (2) a flat closure memter sealing the open end of the diffuser shell, (3) an annular filter assembly unit positioned within the diffuser adjacent an inner surface thereof; (4) a propellant assembly positioned within the cavity formed by the filter assembly, (5) an initiator device, i.e., an electrically actuated squib, for initiating combustion of the propellant assembly, and (6) a metal locking ring configured to maintain a rolled lip portion of the diffuser member in position against the outer peripheral edge of the closure member.
  • the initiating squib is normally connected to one or more remote sensors located upon the body portion of the vehicle, which are adapted for sensing a primary impact and signalling the occurrence of the collision to the squib, thus initiating a chain of combustion reactions which culminates in the inflation and deployment within the vehicle of a protective air bag. That is, upon actuation of the sensor, the propellant in the squib is ignited which, in turn, sets off an "enhancer" packet of a relatively fast-burning propellant composition (e.g. BKNO3), optionally combined with an auto-ignition material, which produces sufficient heat to ignite the main propellant charge. The gaseous combustion products produced by this reaction are subsequently filtered and cooled and directed into the air bag.
  • a relatively fast-burning propellant composition e.g. BKNO3
  • Construction of the present inflator device comprises, as a first step, lowering a pre-fabricated annular filter assembly into the open end of the domed diffuser member.
  • the propellant assembly is then lowered into the cavity defined by the filter assembly.
  • the closure member is subsequently lowered into the open end of the diffuser and the lower lip of the former is then rolled over the outer peripheral edge of the latter by a rotating mechanical head to provide a structural seal therebetween.
  • Infla­tor 10 is comprised of six main components, not all of which are visible in FIG. 1, which are designed and adapted for simple robotic assembly. These components include: (a) a domed diffuser member, which is open at one end; (b) a closure plate member configured to seal the open end of the diffuser, thus forming, with the diffuser, an inflator hous­ing; (c) a measured quantity of a pyrotechnic propellant composition placed within the housing; (d) a filter assembly, also positioned within the inflator housing, outwardly adjacent the propellant composition, for cooling and filter­ing the gaseous products produced by the combustion of the propellant; (e) an igniter apparatus adapted to initiate combustion of the propellant, and (f) a locking ring config­ured to maintain a rolled lip portion of the diffuser member in position against a peripheral edge of the closure member hen inflator 10 is activated, thus creating
  • FIG. 1 Of the elements described above, diffuser member 12 and locking ring 16, are clearly illustrated in FIG. 1. Ring 16 fits circumferentially within skirt portion 14 of diffuser member 12, after skirt 14 is rolled radially inwardly over the outer peripheral edge of closure plate member 15 by a rotating mechanical head. Also illustrated are electrical leads 18a, b which connected a remote sensing device (not shown), capable of sensing a primary impact between the automobile and another object, to the igniter, i.e., squib, apparatus, which ignites the main propellant composition in response to a signal from the remote sensor.
  • a remote sensing device not shown
  • the housing of inflator 10 is constructed in the form of a domed pressure vessel, since this design is well known among those or ordinary skill in the art as providing the optimum shape for containing a pressurized atmosphere, such as that which is produced when the propellant composition within the inflator housing is ignited. Moreover, this domed design also permits the use of an inflator having a smaller diameter than heretofore considered possible, without a concurrent need to thicken the inner support walls of the device, thus providing an appara­tus having a lower weight than those currently available.
  • FIG. 1 depicts diffuser 12, which forms an upper (i.e., closest to the driver) portion of the inflator housing.
  • Diffuser 12 is closed at one end by a domed roof portion 20 whereas the opposite end, configured in the shape of an extended arcuate skirt 14, extends substan­tially perpendicularly, to roof portion 20, prior to assembly with closure plate member 15.
  • the circumferential walls 24 of diffuser 12 further define a plurality of diffuser ports 22. Ports 22 are spaced equidistantly around wall 24 which defines the peripheral circumferential boundary of diffuser 12.
  • Each diffuser port 22 communicates through outer wall 24 of diffuser 12 with combustion chamber within the inflator housing through an abutting annular filter assembly located within the housing (discussed below in detail) which is interposed therebetween.
  • the filter ring assembly is simply lowered into position within diffuser 12 through the open end thereof.
  • the propellant is lowered into the cavity defined by the filter assembly.
  • the closure member 15 (not shown) is then mated with the open end of diffuser 12 and sealed thereto by rolling the diffuser lip, i.e., skirt portion 14, over the edge of closure plate 15 such that diffuser skirt 14 is turned radially inwardly at an angle of substantially 180° to outer wall 24 by mechanical rolling means.
  • Such rolling means are well known among those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • Applicant's rolled lip arrangement also provides a much stronger seal than that obtained by merely crimping the metal parts together, a technique also extensively practiced in the prior art. This increased strength is due to the fact that applicant's rolled lip closure technique provides a continuous seal having a uniform strength, whereas crimping or petaling the metal edge of diffuser lip 14 over closure plate member 15 creates a discontinuous seal, varying in strength along its length, which is likely to open explosiv­ely when subjected to the effect of pressurized gasses attempting to escape from the inflator housing during activa­tion of generator 10.
  • the inflator housing is preferably formed of parts constructed of a strong, lightweight metal, such as 201 or 301 stainless steel.
  • Metals such as titanium may also be utilized, although the most preferred material, in view of cost, strength and ease of manufacture, is aluminum.
  • One disadvantage with the use of the latter material is that a seal between aluminum components (i.e., diffuser 12 and closure plate member 15) is not as strong as that produced between materials having a higher tensile strength, such as the aforementioned stainless steel.
  • Applicant thus utilizes locking ring 16 with inflator 10 to ensure the integrity of the seal when aluminum components are used to form the inflator housing.
  • Ring 16 is pressed into the inner periphery of rolled lip 14 to prevent it from unrolling when inflator 10 is fired.
  • ring 16 is configured to have a narrow V-shaped groove (see, e.g., FIG. 4) adapted to snap over an outer edge of lip 14 when ring 16 is pressed downwardly toward closure plate member 15.
  • Applicant has determined, however, that ring 16, although useful in forming a tight structural seal with aluminum components, is not required in order to permit inflator 10 to operate, even when the housing thereof is constructed of aluminum.
  • Ring 16 may also be used with steel and/or titanium inflators as well for the same purpose.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a transverse section view through inflator 10, depicting the internal features or the unit.
  • the combustion initiating means by which the ignition of pyro­technic gas generating composition 26 is commenced.
  • the initiating means preferably comprises an electrically activa­ted squib 28, which contains a small charge of an electric­ally ignitable combustible material.
  • Squib 28 is connected by leads 18a,b to at least one remote sensing device (not shown), of a type well-known in the art.
  • Such sensing devices may be located, for example, in the front bumper and/or, side fenders of the automobile.
  • squib 28 may, for example, be threaded through an aperture 40 defined by closure member 15. In the preferred method, it may be "potted", i.e. glued, within aperture 40 by the use of an epoxy 30. Squib 28 is positioned within inflator 10 between two shoulders 32 formed by the surface of closure 15. Leads 18a,b extend outwardly from inflator 10 through aperture 40 to connect with one or more remote sensing devices described above.
  • squib 28 In the interior of the inflator housing, an upper portion of squib 28 abuts against enhancer packet 34, containing a quantity of a gas-generating material, such as a mixture of boron and potassium nitrate, i.e., BKNO3 36, which is preferably employed in powdered form to provide the maximum available burning surface for the fastest possible response.
  • BKNO3 36 a gas-generating material
  • Other rapidly combustible materials known to those skilled in the art may also be utilized for the same purpose but applicant has consistently obtained favorable results with the use of BKNO3.
  • the resultant discharge heats a wire strand (not shown) within squib 28.
  • the heated wire ignites a propellant charge within the body of squib 28.
  • a stream of hot gasses produced by this combustion is then directed into enhancer packet 34 due to the orientation of squib 28, whereupon the powdered BKNO3 mixture 36 begins to burn.
  • BKNO3 36 is very successful in igniting the main propellant charge 26, it suffers from a serious deficiency in that the autoignition temperature of this material is extremely high, i.e., from about 600-700°F. Since the compositions chosen for main propellant charge 26 of inflator 10 ignite at an even higher temperature in the conditions normally encountered in, for example, a car fire, the BKNO3 within the unit would be at a temperature in excess of 600°F before ignition would take place.
  • the generator housing would be subjected to even higher temperatures, i.e., in the range of from 800-900°F, and main propellant charge 26 would also be at a high temperature, perhaps 400-500°F.
  • propellant charge 26 would burn very rapidly and generate gas at extremely high pressure, thus creating a situation wherein an explosive fragmentation of the weakened generator housing (i.e., due to softening by the heat) becomes a distinct possibility.
  • an auto-­ignition material with BKNO3 36 within enhancer packet 34.
  • This material is capable of autoignition at a lower temperat­ure than BKNO3 and its use thus results in an ignition of main propellant charge 26 while this charge is at a much lower temperature than that described above.
  • main propellant charge 26 burns at a much lower rate and produces gas at a significantly lower pressure.
  • This additional "auto ignition” material is prefer strictlyably a stabilized nitrocellulose composition such as IMR 4895 which autoignites at a temperature of less than about 400°F.
  • the preferred material is produced by the DuPont Corporation, but any combustible material capable of performing in this manner would be acceptable for use in the present invention.
  • the rapid generation of hot gasses produced by the combustion of the BKNO3/auto-ignition composition mixture acts to burst the walls of enhancer packet 34 and permits the gas to impinge upon main propellant composition 26, preferably comprising a mixture of sodium azide and at least a stoichiometric amount of a metal oxide such as copper oxide.
  • main propellant composition 26 preferably comprising a mixture of sodium azide and at least a stoichiometric amount of a metal oxide such as copper oxide.
  • Applicant prefers, in the presently described generator, to use the various compositions described in U.S. Patent no. 3,895,098 to John F. Pietz, issued July 15, 1975 and reissued January 26, 1988 as Re 32,584, entitled METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR GENERATING NITROGEN GAS.
  • the disclosure of this patent is therefore incorporated herein by reference.
  • propellant compositions disclosed in the subject patent are those which comprise a mixture of sodium azide with a stoichiometric amount of copper oxide which, as noted above, is preferred.
  • compositions substituting nickel and iron based oxidizers may be utilized, but these materials, although capable of a slightly higher effective gas output than the CuO/NaN3 mixture described above, often require the addition of an ammonium, perchlorate burn rate enhancer to reach their full potential, as disclosed in U.S. Patent no. 4,604,151 issued on May 8, 1986 to Gregory Knowlton and John Pietz.
  • This patent which is entitled METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR GENERATING NITROGEN GAS INCLUDING AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE CATALYST, is also incorporated herein by reference. Since, however, a large number of different pyrotechnic compositions are operable within inflator 10, the present invention should not be limited solely to the compositions disclosed above.
  • main propellant mixture 26 is formed into small pellets, approximately the size of aspirin tablets.
  • An appropriate amount of these pellets calculated to produce a sufficient amount of gaseous combustion product to inflate an attached air bag within 30-60 milliseconds, is enclosed within either a sealed plastic bag, closed with the use of either a heat sealing device or an adhesive material, or alternatively, a foil packet, closed and sealed in the same manner as the plastic bag, and placed in diffuser 12 within the propellant cavity defined by filter assembly 38.
  • the propellant composition is molded or extruded into a single porous grain which may be conformed to the size and shape of the propellant cavity.
  • An important consideration with the use of such a grain is to ensure that it has a sufficient degree of porosity so as to provide a burning surface of sufficient dimension to permit the flame front to advance through the grain with enough speed to provide, within a 30-60 millisecond period, a volume of gas sufficient to inflate the air bag.
  • Such a grain is disclosed and claimed in U.S. Patent no. 4,758,287 issued July 19, 1988 to John Pietz and entitled POROUS PROPELLANT GRAIN AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME, the disclosure of which is also incorporated herein by reference.
  • the plastic or foil container used to hold the propellant mixture facilitates assembly of the inflator 10 by providing a convenient pre-weighed package adapted for simple robotic insertion into the inflator housing. Moreover, the thin outer packaging creates no hindrance to the rapid expansion of the gasses produced by combustion of propellant 26, i.e., the package is simply blown open by the gas as the propellant is consumed.
  • annular filter assembly 38 is configured and positioned so that, when inflator 10 is fired, filter 38 becomes wedged between diffuser 12 and closure member 15. That is to say that filter assembly 38 is configured on its upper and lower surfaces, respectively, to extend outwardly at an angle of about 1 1/2° greater than the internal contact angles with corresponding diffuser 12 and closure 15 members. This creates a circular line contact between filter assembly 38 and diffuser 12 (along an upper surface) and with closure member 15 (on a lower surface) around the entire circumfer­ence of filter 38.
  • filter assembly 38 When inflator 10 senses the internal pressures created by the combustion of propellant composition 26 filter assembly 38 is forced outwardly due to hoop stresses produced by the combustion, into the wedged portion of inflator 10, so as to enhance the seal around the edges of filter assembly 38. A tight seal is thus created which prevents the gas produced by the comtustion of pyrotechnic mixture 26 from driving in any direction but through filter 38.
  • FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of inflator 10, illus­trating skirt portion 14 of diffuser 12 as it appears after being rolled over the outer peripheral edge of closure plate member 15 so as to form a sealing lip. This lip prevents the gasses produced by the combustion of main propellant charge 26 from traveling out of inflator 10 through any outlet other than diffuser ports 22. Additionally, as noted above, leads 18a,b from squib 28 extend outwardly through aperture 40 and communicate to a remote impact sensor (not shown) located elsewhere on the vehicle.
  • FIG. 4 is a close-up view of the rolled lip arrangement for sealing inflator 10.
  • the rolled lip is formed, as described above, with the use of a rotating mechanical head (not shown) which gradually forces skirt portion 14 radially downwardly over the outer peripheral edge of closure plate member 15 at an angle of about 180° to wall 24 of diffuser 12, so as to provide a sufficiently strong seal between the subject inflator components without the need for welding.
  • Such a rolled seal is much stronger than that obtainable by simply crimping the material together since a crimp would not be continuous (as is the rolled lip) and further, the crimping operation would subject the metal parts to competing stresses (not produced in the presently described sealing process) which may actually cause cracking of the metal parts, thus negating the effect of the intended seal.
  • the rolled lip alone will provide a sufficiently strong seal when inflator 10 is constructed of a relatively strong metal, such as 201 or 301 stainless steel.
  • a relatively strong metal such as 201 or 301 stainless steel.
  • applicant has added locking ring 16 to increase the safety factor of the seal. Ring 16 is present solely as a precaution, however, since previous experimental trials have demonstrated that the rolled lip will remain sealed even in the event that inflator 10 is manufactured of aluminum or some other lightweight material.
  • Ring 16 is further provided on its outer peripheral surface with a grooved portion configured and adapted for locking engagement with a terminal edge portion of skirt 14 when it is bent over closure member 15 to form the sealing lip. This arrangement ensures that skirt portion 14 will not escape the grip of locking ring 16 and thus the lip will not unroll during combustion of gas generant 26 when inflator 10 is actuated.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates memters 44, 46 which interlock to form frame 45 for filter assembly 38.
  • Members 44, 46 are preferably fabricated from sheet metal (e.g., aluminum) stampings in order to reduce the total weight of inflator 10.
  • Tabs 48 serve as spacers to maintain a degree of separation between frame members 44, 46 sufficient to permit the arrangement therebetween of various filtering elements, described below, which serve to filter the particulates from the gaseous product produced as a result of the combustion of propellant 26.
  • Filter 38 additionally absorbs some of the heat from the gas so as to cool it to a temperature approaching ambient. This prevents the impingement of hot gasses and molten particulates directly against the inner surface of the bag, which would likely lead to a failure of the bag during the inflation cycle.
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of filter assembly 38 as it is oriented within the housing of inflator 10 when mounted upon an automobile steering column. This illustrates the appearance of filter assembly 38 when frame members 44, 46 are snapped together to form frame 45 and the filtration layers, comprising, for example, coarse slag screen, fine screen and inert ceramic fiber are wound therearound.
  • the assembly is preferably held together by welding the outermost screen layer to both frame members, 44, 46, i.e., at the outer periphery of the frame, but alternate methods utiliz­ing, for example, fastening means or adhesives, may also be utilized.
  • FIG. 7 is a view of filter assembly 38 in perspect­ive, further illustrating the annular arrangement of this component.
  • the outermost layer of screen material 60 comprising a fine (e.g., 28 mesh) screen, which, when filter assembly 38 is in position within inflator 10, abuts against the inside of diffuser ports 22, may be clearly seen.
  • the remaining layers comprising screens having various mesh sizes and inert fiber pds, lie directly underneath layer 60 in a doughnut shaped arrangement.
  • the preferred method of sealing assembly 38 together, i.e., by welding 62, may also be clearly seen. Weld 62 continues completely around both the top and bottom edges of filter assembly 38 to ensure that the components are securely sealed to frame members 44, 46 and to prevent disassembly as a result of the tremendous pressures exerted during ignition of propellant composition 26.
  • FIG. 8 depicts a lateral cross-sectional view taken through filter assembly 38, illustrating the filter layers.
  • the gas produced by the combustion of propellant 26 travels over the top of member 46 and down through slg (i.e., coarse) screens 50, around frame member 48, through slag screens 52, and thereafter through: (a) a first 100 micron screen 54; (b) fiberfrax® pad 56; (c) a second 100 micron screen 58; and (d) two layers of fine 28 mesh screen 60.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
EP89308312A 1988-09-16 1989-08-16 Générateur de gaz à construction légère non soudé à lèvre roulée par centrifugation Expired - Lifetime EP0369579B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US246065 1988-09-16
US07/246,065 US4907819A (en) 1988-09-16 1988-09-16 Lightweight non-welded gas generator with rolled spun lip

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0369579A1 true EP0369579A1 (fr) 1990-05-23
EP0369579B1 EP0369579B1 (fr) 1993-12-29

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EP89308312A Expired - Lifetime EP0369579B1 (fr) 1988-09-16 1989-08-16 Générateur de gaz à construction légère non soudé à lèvre roulée par centrifugation

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US (1) US4907819A (fr)
EP (1) EP0369579B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2618052B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR900004560A (fr)
DE (1) DE68911873T2 (fr)

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EP0589152A2 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-30 Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. Générateur de gas pour sac gonflable
FR2705771A1 (fr) * 1993-05-26 1994-12-02 Comet Pyrotech Générateur de gaz, en particulier générateur de gaz à déclenchement mécanique.
EP0705739A1 (fr) * 1994-10-05 1996-04-10 Morton International, Inc. Gonfleur de coussin d'air avec une seule paroi latérale
EP0709263A1 (fr) * 1994-10-27 1996-05-01 Morton International, Inc. Raccords de boîtiers assemblés par sertissage pour des gonfleurs pour coussin d'air
DE19505580A1 (de) * 1995-02-18 1996-08-22 Dynamit Nobel Ag Gasgenerator in Blechbauweise für eine Kraftfahrzeuginsassen-Schutzvorrichtung
DE19508513A1 (de) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-12 Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh Gasgenerator
EP0733520A1 (fr) * 1995-03-24 1996-09-25 Morton International, Inc. Dispositif de gonflage d'un sac de sécurité gonflable ayant un boîtier de protection contre des gaz générés par réaction à haute température
WO1997008018A2 (fr) * 1995-08-29 1997-03-06 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg. Dispositif d'amorçage premature
DE19541586A1 (de) * 1995-11-08 1997-05-15 Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh Pyrotechnischer Gasgenerator
DE19817485A1 (de) * 1998-04-20 1999-10-21 Trw Airbag Sys Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Gasgenerators sowie Gasgenerator
EP0857626A3 (fr) * 1997-02-05 2001-04-18 TRW Occupant Restraint Systems GmbH & Co. KG Ensemble composé d'un générateur de gaz et d'une canalisation pour un système de retenue d'un occupant de véhicule
ES2166319A1 (es) * 2000-03-10 2002-04-01 Dalphi Metal Espana Sa Generador monoestado tipo vaso.
EP1661774A1 (fr) * 2003-08-06 2006-05-31 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Systeme de production de gaz

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US6886855B2 (en) * 2002-05-31 2005-05-03 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Gas generant filter assemblies
US20060220363A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-05 Blackburn Jeffery S Gas generating system with autoignition device
FR2885684B1 (fr) 2005-05-10 2012-04-27 Davey Bickford Initiateur electrique a structure plastique et fonctionnement rapide et generateur de gaz comportant un tel initiateur
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Cited By (22)

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FR2686052A1 (fr) * 1992-01-10 1993-07-16 Takata Corp Gonfleur pour dispositif a sac gonflable.
US5299828A (en) * 1992-01-10 1994-04-05 Takata Corporation Air bag inflator having circumferentially disposed auto ignition material
EP0589152A2 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-30 Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. Générateur de gas pour sac gonflable
EP0589152A3 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1994-04-20 Nippon Koki Kk
EP0699566A1 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1996-03-06 Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. Générateur de gaz pour le gonflage d'un coussin d'air
FR2705771A1 (fr) * 1993-05-26 1994-12-02 Comet Pyrotech Générateur de gaz, en particulier générateur de gaz à déclenchement mécanique.
EP0705739A1 (fr) * 1994-10-05 1996-04-10 Morton International, Inc. Gonfleur de coussin d'air avec une seule paroi latérale
EP0709263A1 (fr) * 1994-10-27 1996-05-01 Morton International, Inc. Raccords de boîtiers assemblés par sertissage pour des gonfleurs pour coussin d'air
DE19505580A1 (de) * 1995-02-18 1996-08-22 Dynamit Nobel Ag Gasgenerator in Blechbauweise für eine Kraftfahrzeuginsassen-Schutzvorrichtung
WO1996026088A1 (fr) * 1995-02-18 1996-08-29 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff-Und Systemtechnik Generateur de gaz constitue de toles metalliques pour dispositif de protection des passagers d'un vehicule a moteur
DE19508513A1 (de) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-12 Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh Gasgenerator
EP0733520A1 (fr) * 1995-03-24 1996-09-25 Morton International, Inc. Dispositif de gonflage d'un sac de sécurité gonflable ayant un boîtier de protection contre des gaz générés par réaction à haute température
US5613705A (en) * 1995-03-24 1997-03-25 Morton International, Inc. Airbag inflator having a housing protected from high-temperature reactive generated gases
WO1997008018A2 (fr) * 1995-08-29 1997-03-06 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg. Dispositif d'amorçage premature
WO1997008018A3 (fr) * 1995-08-29 1997-03-27 Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh Dispositif d'amorçage premature
DE19541586A1 (de) * 1995-11-08 1997-05-15 Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh Pyrotechnischer Gasgenerator
DE19541586C2 (de) * 1995-11-08 1999-08-12 Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh Pyrotechnischer Gasgenerator
EP0857626A3 (fr) * 1997-02-05 2001-04-18 TRW Occupant Restraint Systems GmbH & Co. KG Ensemble composé d'un générateur de gaz et d'une canalisation pour un système de retenue d'un occupant de véhicule
DE19817485A1 (de) * 1998-04-20 1999-10-21 Trw Airbag Sys Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Gasgenerators sowie Gasgenerator
ES2166319A1 (es) * 2000-03-10 2002-04-01 Dalphi Metal Espana Sa Generador monoestado tipo vaso.
EP1661774A1 (fr) * 2003-08-06 2006-05-31 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Systeme de production de gaz
EP1661774A4 (fr) * 2003-08-06 2006-11-29 Nippon Kayaku Kk Systeme de production de gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68911873D1 (de) 1994-02-10
DE68911873T2 (de) 1994-08-11
JPH02169345A (ja) 1990-06-29
EP0369579B1 (fr) 1993-12-29
KR900004560A (ko) 1990-04-12
US4907819A (en) 1990-03-13
JP2618052B2 (ja) 1997-06-11

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