EP0367966B1 - Brenner für die Vergasung von feinkörnigen bis staubförmigen festen Brennstoffen - Google Patents

Brenner für die Vergasung von feinkörnigen bis staubförmigen festen Brennstoffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0367966B1
EP0367966B1 EP89117730A EP89117730A EP0367966B1 EP 0367966 B1 EP0367966 B1 EP 0367966B1 EP 89117730 A EP89117730 A EP 89117730A EP 89117730 A EP89117730 A EP 89117730A EP 0367966 B1 EP0367966 B1 EP 0367966B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
gasification
oxidising agent
primary
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89117730A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0367966A1 (de
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Dutz
Lothar Semrau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krupp Koppers GmbH
Original Assignee
Krupp Koppers GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krupp Koppers GmbH filed Critical Krupp Koppers GmbH
Publication of EP0367966A1 publication Critical patent/EP0367966A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0367966B1 publication Critical patent/EP0367966B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for the gasification of fine-grained to dust-like solid fuels, in which the fly dust that is separated dry from the raw gas generated is returned to the gasification with a centrally arranged feed device for primary oxidants and fuels that are introduced with a carrier gas, an annular feed channel for secondary oxidizing agents surrounding the central feed device such as a tubular injection lance arranged in the central axis of the central feed device for the introduction of the fly dust in the form of a fly dust / carrier gas stream into the core of the fuel-reactant jet emerging from the gasification burner.
  • the basic structure of the gasification burner is symmetrical.
  • the gasification is carried out as pressure gasification.
  • the solid fuels are in particular coal, coke, petroleum coke and the like. Oxygen and / or air and, if appropriate, water vapor are used in particular as the oxidizing agent.
  • the carrier gas is an inert gas, such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, or dedusted raw gas.
  • reactant refers both to the oxidizing agent and to reaction products which have already formed, optionally also moderator gas and carrier gas.
  • the raw gas leaving the reactor is known to carry fly dust, which, for example, carries fuel in an amount of up to 15% by weight. The dust is removed from the raw gas with suitable dedusting devices. Its disposal is complex.
  • fly dust In order to dispose of the fly dust, it is already known to return the fly dust to the gasification process. Its fuel portion is to be burned, and the fly dust is to be melted down. As part of known measures (EP-B-0 072 457, EP-B-0 109 109), the flying dust is mixed with the fresh fuel and fed to the gasification burners together with the fuel. However, this requires special processing of the fly dust with extensive and complicated technical facilities and large safety precautions. The pore space or gap space of the flying dust is filled with the raw gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which has to be diluted or removed only below the danger limit by repeated application and pumping with inert gas.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of further developing a burner of the type described at the outset so that the fly dust can get into the reaction zone of the gasification reactor without disrupting the gasification reaction and the ash content contained in the fly dust can be melted to slag without impairing the other reactions.
  • the burner used to achieve this object is characterized according to the invention in that the centrally arranged feed device has a feed channel for the primary oxidant and a fuel ring channel surrounding it for the fuels introduced with a carrier gas, and that the injection lance is surrounded by an oxidant channel and this by the feed channel for the primary oxidant wherein the oxidant channel has a mouth running parallel to the axis of the gasification burner, the feed channel for the primary oxidant has an outwardly directed mouth and the feed channel for the secondary oxidant has an inward mouth, the feed channel for the secondary oxidant having a plurality of equidistantly over the circumference has distributed orifices.
  • the invention makes use of the fact that a fuel / reactant jet emerging from a gasification burner, in particular a rotationally symmetrical fuel / reactant jet, is very stable in terms of gas dynamics and can carry an amount of airborne dust into the primary reaction zone.
  • the gasification reaction begins in the fuel / reactant stream and is not disturbed by the flying dust, as in the primary reaction zone, which also contributes to the fact that its residual carbon is also gasified.
  • the volume flow of airborne dust must not be chosen too large.
  • hardly more flight dust is discharged from the primary reaction zone than was previously the case and without the recirculation described. It does not accumulate.
  • a special fly dust disposal is no longer required when working with the burners according to the invention. The fly dust is rather melted into slag.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention which allows adjustment to different operating conditions, is characterized in that the injection lance and thus its mouth are adjustable in the axial direction. It is also recommended to arrange an annular cooling channel between the ring channel for the primary oxidant and the fuel ring channel.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the injection lance, the oxidant channel, the feed channel for the primary oxidant and the cooling channel form a single component which is separate from the other components of the gasification burner and is adjustable as a single component in the axial direction.
  • a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the injection lance is set up for supplying a flow of fly dust that is smaller by a factor of 0.01 to 0.15 than the fuel flow. In this area, it is generally possible to recycle all of the fly dust, with its proportion of fuel, which occurs in a plant for the gasification of fine-grained to dust-like solid fuels.
  • the burner shown in the figures is intended for a plant, not shown, for the gasification of fine-grained to dust-like solid fuels.
  • the plant has a gasification reactor. A majority of the burners burn with their fuel / reactant jet into the gasification reactor and are generally distributed equidistantly around the circumference of the gasification reactor at the same height.
  • the fuel / reactant jets form a high temperature primary reaction zone in the gasification reactor. It is understood that a raw gas is withdrawn from the gasification reactor.
  • the basic structure of the burner according to the invention includes a first feed channel 1 for the primary oxidizing agent, a surrounding fuel ring channel 2 for the fuels that are introduced with a carrier gas, a second annular feed channel 3 surrounding the fuel ring channel 2 for secondary oxidizing agent and cooling channels 4, and optionally at least one moderator gas ring channel 5.
  • the injection lance 6 In the first feed channel 1 there is a tubular injection lance 6 which is surrounded by oxidizing agent. A flight dust / carrier gas flow is through the injection lance 6 injectable into the core of the fuel / reactant jet.
  • the carrier gas is, for example, raw gas.
  • the injection lance 6 opens in the area of the mouths of the first feed channel 1, the fuel ring channel 2 and the second feed channel 3 and thus, as it were, in the front of the gasification burner.
  • a funnel-shaped training follows.
  • the injection lance 6 runs in the axis of the gasification burner. It can be axially adjustable in the direction of the double arrow, which allows adaptation to different operating conditions.
  • the injection lance 6 is surrounded by an oxidant channel 7 and this is surrounded by the first supply channel 1.
  • the oxidizing agent channel 7 has an opening 8 which is directed parallel to the axis of the gasification burner and accordingly the oxidizing agent emerges from an oxidizing channel, enveloping the flow of flue dust.
  • the first feed channel 1, on the other hand has an outwardly directed mouth 9.
  • the mouth 10 of the second feed channel 3, on the other hand, is directed inwards, the second feed channel 3 being provided with a plurality of orifices 11 distributed equidistantly around the circumference, as shown in FIG. 2 was indicated. For the rest, all other mouths are designed as annular gaps.
  • An annular cooling channel 4 is located between the first supply channel 1 and the fuel ring channel 2.
  • a flame monitor 12 was indicated, with which the gasification burner can be monitored in a known manner.
  • An outer cooling jacket 13 with further cooling channels 4 follows. It is within the scope of the invention to arrange an insulated ignition electrode 14 in the injection lance 6, as was indicated by dash-dotted lines at the mouth of the injection lance 6.
  • the injection lance 6, the oxidizing agent channel 7, the first supply channel 1 and the cooling channel 4 are located in or on a unitary component which is marked by close hatching in FIG. 1 and which is adjustable in the axial direction.
  • the burner according to the invention consists of two independent assemblies, which are also interchangeable. By exchanging an adaptation to different operating conditions is possible.
  • the oxidizing agent oxygen required for the gasification of the fine-grained to dust-like fuel is divided into two streams, the primary and the secondary gasification oxygen, whose mass ratios between primary and secondary can be 1: 1.15 to 1.3.
  • the arrangement is such that the oxygen flow from the first feed channel 1 strikes the fuel flow at an inflow angle of 0 to 20 ° to the central axis of the gasification burner.
  • the exit velocity of the primary oxygen of 60 to 120 m / s serves, in addition to an intimate mixing of the substances, also to accelerate the fuel from a low initial velocity to the velocity which corresponds to or approximates the axial velocity of the secondary oxygen. This emerges from the feed channel 3 at an angle of 20 to 50 ° to the central axis of the gasification burner at a speed of 40 to 100 m / s.
  • the flame monitor 12 is of particular importance. It makes it possible to determine whether caking of particulate matter has formed.
  • the burner according to the invention can also be used as a pilot burner, in particular in coal gasification plants.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP89117730A 1988-11-05 1989-09-26 Brenner für die Vergasung von feinkörnigen bis staubförmigen festen Brennstoffen Expired - Lifetime EP0367966B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3837586 1988-11-05
DE3837586A DE3837586A1 (de) 1988-11-05 1988-11-05 Vergasungsbrenner fuer eine anlage fuer die vergasung von festen brennstoffen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0367966A1 EP0367966A1 (de) 1990-05-16
EP0367966B1 true EP0367966B1 (de) 1992-12-09

Family

ID=6366554

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89117730A Expired - Lifetime EP0367966B1 (de) 1988-11-05 1989-09-26 Brenner für die Vergasung von feinkörnigen bis staubförmigen festen Brennstoffen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0367966B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN1020502C (pl)
DD (1) DD286031A5 (pl)
DE (2) DE3837586A1 (pl)
DK (1) DK169526B1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2036776T3 (pl)
PL (1) PL163597B1 (pl)
ZA (1) ZA897382B (pl)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006060867A1 (de) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Drehofenbrenner

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE59000845D1 (de) * 1989-12-19 1993-03-18 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Verfahren zum betrieb einer anlage fuer die vergasung fester brennstoffe.
CN1323261C (zh) * 2005-06-24 2007-06-27 北京航天动力研究所 一种可燃粉体旋流燃烧器
CN103201358B (zh) * 2010-10-01 2014-10-22 国际壳牌研究有限公司 用于气化固体燃料的燃烧器及相关方法
US20130160856A1 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 General Electric Company Multi-port injector system and method
DE102013106656A1 (de) * 2013-06-25 2015-01-08 Brinkmann Industrielle Feuerungssysteme Gmbh Brennerlanze und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennerlanze für industrielle Thermoprozesse
CN105090944B (zh) * 2015-07-08 2017-11-10 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 燃烧器、气流床气化炉及气流床气化炉的燃烧方法
DE102017204581A1 (de) * 2017-03-20 2018-09-20 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Brennerkopf zur Anordnung im Kopf eines Vergasers zur Primäroxidation gasförmiger Vergasungsstoffe in Vergasern nach dem Prinzip der autothermen Reformierung (ATR) oder der nichtkatalytischen Partialoxidation (POX)
DE202017107794U1 (de) 2017-12-20 2018-01-22 Choren Industrietechnik GmbH Brennerspitze und Pilotbrenner

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4480559A (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-11-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Coal and char burner

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2253385C2 (de) * 1972-10-31 1985-07-25 Texaco Development Corp., White Plains, N.Y. Brenner zur Herstellung von Synthesegas
DE2703921C3 (de) * 1977-01-31 1980-09-11 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme oder Herstellung der Betriebsbereitschaft eines Reaktors für die partielle Oxidation von schwerflüchtigen flüssigen oder festen Brennstoffen
US4443228A (en) * 1982-06-29 1984-04-17 Texaco Inc. Partial oxidation burner
US4443230A (en) * 1983-05-31 1984-04-17 Texaco Inc. Partial oxidation process for slurries of solid fuel
DE3440088A1 (de) * 1984-11-02 1986-05-07 Veba Oel Entwicklungs-Gesellschaft mbH, 4650 Gelsenkirchen Brenner
DD251476A3 (de) * 1985-11-12 1987-11-18 Freiberg Brennstoffinst Kohlenstaubbrenner

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4480559A (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-11-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Coal and char burner

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006060867A1 (de) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Drehofenbrenner
DE102006060867B4 (de) * 2006-12-22 2020-07-02 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Drehofenbrenner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0367966A1 (de) 1990-05-16
DK169526B1 (da) 1994-11-21
DE58902964D1 (de) 1993-01-21
CN1020502C (zh) 1993-05-05
DE3837586C2 (pl) 1992-02-20
DK548589D0 (da) 1989-11-03
ES2036776T3 (es) 1993-06-01
ZA897382B (en) 1990-07-25
DD286031A5 (de) 1991-01-10
DE3837586A1 (de) 1990-05-10
PL163597B1 (pl) 1994-04-29
DK548589A (da) 1990-05-06
CN1042596A (zh) 1990-05-30

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