EP0363343B1 - Nouveau type de drainage de murs d'habitation - Google Patents
Nouveau type de drainage de murs d'habitation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0363343B1 EP0363343B1 EP89870133A EP89870133A EP0363343B1 EP 0363343 B1 EP0363343 B1 EP 0363343B1 EP 89870133 A EP89870133 A EP 89870133A EP 89870133 A EP89870133 A EP 89870133A EP 0363343 B1 EP0363343 B1 EP 0363343B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ventilation
- wall
- void
- air
- fact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7608—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels
- E04B1/7612—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space
Definitions
- the invention relates to a type of drainage of residential walls making it possible to evacuate, as it is formed, the moisture which would tend to accumulate, whatever the cause.
- the humidity in the walls decreases the thermal insulation of the material which is impregnated with it and promotes the formation of fungi and vermin, sources of many diseases.
- the hollow wall whose vacuum (called “slide”) is ventilated or not has been used on a large scale for many years. It tends to disappear nowadays since the use of very insulating products (polyurethane, polyisocyanurate ”) spread in the void of the wall.
- the present invention consists in remedying these drawbacks by placing the slide as close as possible to the interior atmosphere and by ventilating it energetically and very intermittently (for example, a few minutes per hour).
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
- L'invention concerne un type de drainage de murs d'habitation permettant d'évacuer, au fur et à mesure de sa formation, l'humidité qui aurait tendance à s'accumuler, quelle qu'en soit la cause. L'humidité dans les murs diminue l'isolation thermique du matériau qui en est imprègné et favorise la formation de champignons et de vermine, sources de nombreuses maladies.
- Le mur creux, dont le vide (appelé "coulisse") est ventilé ou non a été utilisé sur une grande échelle pendant de nombreuses années. Il a plutôt tendance à disparaitre actuellement depuis que s'est répandu l'usage de produits très isolants (polyuréthane, polyisocyanurate...) placés dans le vide du mur.
- L'inconvénient de ces systèmes d'isolation est que l'humidité, introduite dans le mur soit par accident, soit par condensation, soit par capillarité ascentionnelle... en sort très difficilement. D'autre part, pour éviter les condensations importantes, on est obligé de renoncer à des techniques, qui permettraient d'obtenir des économies d'énergie très substantielles.
- La présente invention consiste à remédier à ces inconvénients en plaçant la coulisse aussi près que possible de l'atmosphère intérieure et en la ventilant de façon énergique et très intermittente (par exemple, quelques minutes par heure).
- Les avantages de cette méthode sont :
- accélérer l'évacuation d'humidité du mur pendant la période de non-ventilation, l'air chaud et sec de la coulisse exerçant un véritable effet de pompage.
- réduire les pertes thermiques et la consommation d'énergie électrique du ventilateur à des valeurs très acceptables.
- en plaçant la coulisse très près de l'atmosphère intérieure, on réduit la capacité thermique du local, ce qui permet d' utiliser une conduite de chauffage beaucoup plus économique.
- Dans l'état de la technique actuelle, les procédés font appel à une ventilation naturelle, qui est forcément très irrégulière et aléatoire. De plus, l'évacuation de la vapeur d'eau condensée dans la paroi intérieure, est fortement freinée par la présence d'un isolant sur la paroi intérieure. Ou bien alors certains procédés (US-E-29.804, par exemple) ont recours à des artifices permettant de réaliser:
- soit l'étanchéïté (à l'air) complète de la cavité intérieure
- soit l'injection, dans cette cavité, d'air préalablement assèché.
- soit l'assèchement de l'air à l'intérieur même de la cavité, par introduction, par exemple, de chlorure de calcium, qu'il faut évidemment renouveler régulièrement.
- La ventilation selon l'invention sera obtenue notamment, de façon avantageuse
- par la réduction maximale possible de l'épaisseur de la paroi intérieure.
- par le placement de l'isolant sur la face intérieure de la paroi extérieure du mur l' objectif à atteindre étant d'accumuler, dans l'air de la coulisse, le maximum d'humidité venant de la paroi intérieure.
Claims (3)
- Procédé de ventilation de l'air compris dans la coulisse d' un mur creux, dans laquel on renouvelle l'air de la dite coulisse de façon intermittente, caractérisé en ce que le renouvellement ne dure que quelques minutes par heure.
- Procédé de ventilation de la coulisse suivant revendication I, caractérisée par le fait qu'entre deux périodes consécutives de ventilation active, l'air de la coulisse reste immobile globalement.
- Procédé de ventilation de la coulisse suivant revendication I et 2, caractérisée par une réduction aussi grande que possible de la résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau entre l'atmosphère intérieure du batiment et la coulisse.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE8801030 | 1988-09-08 | ||
| BE8801030A BE1002263A5 (fr) | 1988-09-08 | 1988-09-08 | Drainage des murs d'habitation. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0363343A1 EP0363343A1 (fr) | 1990-04-11 |
| EP0363343B1 true EP0363343B1 (fr) | 1996-10-23 |
Family
ID=3883616
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89870133A Expired - Lifetime EP0363343B1 (fr) | 1988-09-08 | 1989-09-07 | Nouveau type de drainage de murs d'habitation |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0363343B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE144576T1 (fr) |
| BE (1) | BE1002263A5 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE68927365D1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3343474A (en) * | 1964-09-22 | 1967-09-26 | Sohda Yoshitoshi | Building with a vent device |
| USRE29804E (en) * | 1968-05-22 | 1978-10-17 | Insulating wall unit | |
| GB1319831A (en) * | 1970-08-20 | 1973-06-13 | Daly G M | Buildings |
| US4295415A (en) * | 1979-08-16 | 1981-10-20 | Schneider Peter J Jr | Environmentally heated and cooled pre-fabricated insulated concrete building |
-
1988
- 1988-09-08 BE BE8801030A patent/BE1002263A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1989
- 1989-09-07 EP EP89870133A patent/EP0363343B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-07 DE DE68927365T patent/DE68927365D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-07 AT AT89870133T patent/ATE144576T1/de active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0363343A1 (fr) | 1990-04-11 |
| DE68927365D1 (de) | 1996-11-28 |
| BE1002263A5 (fr) | 1990-11-13 |
| ATE144576T1 (de) | 1996-11-15 |
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