EP0363120B1 - Centrifugal fluid processing system and method - Google Patents
Centrifugal fluid processing system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0363120B1 EP0363120B1 EP19890310048 EP89310048A EP0363120B1 EP 0363120 B1 EP0363120 B1 EP 0363120B1 EP 19890310048 EP19890310048 EP 19890310048 EP 89310048 A EP89310048 A EP 89310048A EP 0363120 B1 EP0363120 B1 EP 0363120B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- chamber
- processing
- wall
- region
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 210000003171 tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000001113 umbilicus Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 210000004748 cultured cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009169 immunotherapy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003833 cell viability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002101 lytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
Definitions
- the invention generally relates to systems and methods for separating fluids by centrifugation. More particularly, the invention relates to the centrifugation of large volumes of fluids at relatively high flow rates. In this respect, the invention also relates to systems and methods particularly well suited for the processing of cultured cells and supernatant, such as in the fields of biotechnology and adoptive immunotherapy.
- centrifugation For example, in the areas of biotechnology and adoptive immunotherapy, it is necessary to process relatively large volumes of cultured cellular products by centrifugation. Through centrifugation, cultured cells are separated from the supernatant for the purpose of replacing/exchanging the culture medium; or for providing a cell-free supernatant for the subsequent collection of antibodies or for subsequent use as an additive to culture medium; or for the collection of concentrated cellular product.
- EP-A-0261468 discloses a processing chamber which is semi-rigid and self-supporting to facilitate mounting in a rotor of hollow disc form.
- US-A-4091989 discloses centrifugal processing apparatus in which the processing chamber comprises a number of cells spaced around a rotor and interconnected by tubes, so that blood is successively depleted of red blood cells, as the blood passages from cell to cell of the processing chamber.
- the present invention relates to centrifugal processing apparatus in Claim 1, a chamber for use in such apparatus in Claim 3 and a method of separation in Claim 4.
- These claims have precharacterising parts based on the disclosure of US-A-4091989 and are distinguished by the features of characterising parts of the claims.
- the invention permits processing of large columes of fluid at relatively high flow rates without sacrificing separation efficiencies or damaging the end product.
- fluid to be processed as fluid to be processed is introduced into the processing chamber, it is directed away from the region of the chamber where the largest centrifugal (or "G") forces exist.
- the fluid is conveyed into the force field in a generally uniform stream.
- generally uniform describes a flow condition in which turbulence is reduced or eliminated to the fullest extent possible.
- the chamber Preferably, there is created within the chamber a region where the higher density materials collect, while allowing the supernatant to freely flow out of the chamber.
- a centrifugal fluid processing system 10 embodying the features of the invention is shown in Fig. 1.
- the system 10 includes a centrifuge 12 and an associated fluid processing set 14.
- the set 14 is disposable, intended to be used once and then discarded.
- the system 10 can be used to process many different types of fluid. As will become apparent, the system 10 is capable of efficiently processing large volumes of fluid at relatively high flow rates. At the same time, the system 10 is well adapted to handle special fluids containing living cells or delicate organisms, such as blood or cultured cell suspensions, both on a clinical basis and an industrial basis. For this reason, the system 10 is particularly well suited for use in the medical field. For this reason, the system 10 will be described as being used in this particular environment.
- the centrifuge 12 can be variously constructed. However, in the illustrated embodiment, the centrifuge 12 is shown to incorporate the principles of operation disclosed in Adams U. S. Patent No. Re 29,738.
- the centrifuge 12 includes a processing assembly 16 and a rotor assembly 18 each of which independently rotates about the same axis 20.
- the processing assembly 16 is connected to a first drive shaft 22.
- the rotor assembly 18 is connected to a second drive shaft 28.
- the second drive shaft is driven via a suitable pulley assembly 24 by a drive motor 26.
- the first drive shaft 22 is driven by a suitable pulley assembly 30 associated with the second drive shaft 28.
- the pulley assemblies 24 and 30 are conventionally arranged to cause the processing assembly 16 to rotate in the same direction as and at twice the rotational speed of the rotor assembly 18. Examples of this type of construction are more fully disclosed in Lolachi U. S. Patent 4,113,173.
- the processing assembly 16 includes an inner processing area 32.
- the processing area 32 takes the form of an arcuate slot or channel.
- the slot 32 can be configured in various ways, depending upon the intended use of the system. In the illustrated embodiment (best shown in Fig. 2), the slot 32 is generally equally radially spaced about the rotational axis 20 shared by processing assembly 16 and rotor assembly 18.
- the fluid processing set 14 includes an envelope or tube 34 defining a hollow interior chamber 36 having an inlet end 38 and an outlet end 40.
- the tube 34 is intended to be inserted into the processing slot 32 (see Figs. 1 and 2).
- the intended centrifugal separation of the processed fluid occurs within the interior chamber 36 of the tube 34 due to centrifugal forces created during rotation of the processing assembly 16.
- the tube 34 can be made from either a flexible or rigid material. When flexible, the tube 34 can be readily fitted into the slot 32 to there conform to the particular configuration of the slot 32. When rigid, the tube 34 would be preformed to match the particular configuration of the slot 32. In the illustrated embodiment, which contemplates use of the system 10 in the medical field, the tube 34 is made from a flexible medical grade plastic material, such as polyvinyl chloride.
- the fluid processing set 14 further includes inlet tubing 42 for conveying fluid into the inlet end 38 of the tube chamber 36 for centrifugal separation.
- the set 14 includes outlet tubing 44 for conveying fluid constituents from the outlet end 40 of the tube chamber 36 after processing.
- inlet tubes 42 there are two inlet tubes 42 and three outlet tubes 44 (see Fig. 3).
- outlet tubes 44 see Fig. 3
- the number of tubes can vary according to the intended use and function of the system 10.
- the inlet and outlet tubing 42 and 44 are made from flexible medical grade plastic material and are joined to form a multiple lumen umbilicus 46.
- the umbilicus 46 is suspended from a point above and axially aligned with the rotational axis 20 of the centrifuge 12 by means of a clamp 48 attached to a support arm 50. From this point, the umbilicus 46 extends generally downwardly and radially outwardly, passing against a guide arm 52 carried by the rotor assembly 18. From there, the umbilicus 46 extends generally downwardly and radially inwardly and then upwardly through the hollow center of the drive shaft 22 into the processing assembly 16.
- This looping arrangement of the umbilicus 46 coupled with the differing rotational rates of the processing assembly 16 and the rotor assembly 18 as just described, prevents the umbilicus 46 from becoming twisted during operation of the centrifuge 12.
- the use of rotating seals between the fixed and rotating parts of the system 10 is thereby avoided.
- the invention is applicable for use in other types of centrifugal systems, including those employing rotating seals.
- the rotation of the processing assembly 16 will create a centrifugal force field F (see Fig. 2) affecting the contents of the tube chamber 36.
- This force field F will create a "High G Region” 54 and a "Low G Region” 56 within the chamber 36.
- the "High G Region 54" is located adjacent to the outer wall of the chamber 36, where the force field is farthest away from the rotational axis and the contents of the chamber 36 are subjected to the highest rotational (or "G") forces.
- the "Low G Region 56" is located adjacent to the inner wall of the chamber 36, where the force field is nearer to the rotational axis and the contents of the chamber are subjected to lesser rotational (or "G") forces. As best shown in Figs. 6 and 7, higher density materials present in the processed fluid (designated 101 in Figs. 6 and 7) will migrate under the influence of the force field F toward the High G Region 54, leaving the less dense materials and supernatant (designated 115 in Figs. 6 and 7) behind in the Low G Region 56.
- the fluid to be processed is introduced into the tube chamber 36 using a suitable in line pumping mechanism 58.
- the pumping mechanism takes the form of a peristaltic pump 58 situated upstream of the tube chamber 36.
- Fig. 8 the set 14 as just described is shown particularly configured for use to harvest TIL cells.
- cultured TIL cell solution filling approximately 70 to 260 three liter bags 60, each filled with about 1-1/2 liters of solution, is centrifugally processed to remove the supernatant and obtain concentrated TIL cells (which presently consists of approximately 2 x 1011 cells occupying a volume which ranges between 220 to 400 ml).
- 5-lead and 10-lead manifold sets 62 are used to interconnect the many supply bags 60 to a single inlet line 64.
- the cultured cell fluid is then conveyed into a reservoir bag 66, using the supply pump 68, and then conducted into the tube 34, using the processing pump 58.
- the tube 34 is approximately 81 cm (32 inches) long and 7.6 cm (3 inches) wide.
- the interior surface area of the tube 34 is approximately 1290 cm2 (200 square inches).
- the TIL cells are separated from the culture medium (which constitutes the supernatant).
- the supernatant is collected in large volume containers 72.
- the concentrated TIL cells are transferred to a collection container 74 for administration to the patient.
- the incoming fluid should preferably enter in the Low G Region 56 as soon as possible after entering the tube 34.
- the fluid components are thereby exposed to the full extent of the centrifugal force field F for the longest period of time.
- high inlet flow rates can spray or disperse the incoming fluid indiscriminately into both the High and Low G Regions 54 and 56 of the tube 34. This, too, lowers the overall effectiveness and efficiency of the process.
- the invention provides a fluid processing system 10 that includes means 76 located adjacent the inlet end of the tube chamber 36 for directing incoming fluid away from the High G Region 54 and toward the Low G Region 56 of the chamber 36 in a generally uniform flow having reduced turbulence or being generally free of turbulence.
- the uniform flow constitutes a relatively thin stream filling the entire effective surface area of the Low G Region 56 adjacent to the inlet end of the chamber 36.
- the means 76 therefore establishes, upon the entry of high velocity fluid into the centrifugal field F, the desired flow conditions for effective separation.
- the means 76 also directs and dispenses the fluid in a manner that maximizes the effective surface area of the tube chamber 36 for separation. Due to the invention, effective separation can be achieved, even at high inlet flow rates.
- the means 76 can be variously constructed. One embodiment is shown in Figs. 3 to 5. In this arrangement, the means 76 is part of a port block assembly 78 situated within the inlet end 38 of the tube 34.
- the assembly 78 includes top, bottom, and side walls 80; 81; and 82 defining an open interior 84.
- the assembly 78 also includes a first end wall 86 closing the adjacent end of the interior 84.
- One or more inlet ports 88 are formed on this end wall 86.
- the inlet tubing 42 is attached to these ports 88 to introduce fluid into the open interior 84 of the assembly 78.
- the means 76 comprises a partial second end wall 90 located on the end of the port block assembly 78 opposite to the end wall 86 on which the inlet ports 88 are situated.
- This partial end wall 90 extends from the top wall 80 toward the bottom wall 81, terminating a short distance therefrom to there define a flow passage 92 communicating with the open interior 84 of the assembly 78.
- fluid introduced into the open interior 84 of the port block assembly 78 (via the inlet ports 88) is directed into the centrifugal force field through the flow passage 92.
- the port block assembly 78 is situated within the inlet end of the tube chamber 36 with the flow passage 92 extending longitudinally across the entire interior surface of the tube chamber 36 which, in use, becomes the Low G Region 56.
- a guide key 94 is provided on the port block assembly 78 which mates with a groove 96 in the processing area 32 (see Fig 2) when the tube 34 is properly oriented.
- the system 10 further includes means 98 defining a region 100 for collecting high density materials within the tube chamber 36.
- the means 98 includes a dam assembly 102 situated within the tube chamber 36 downstream of the port block assembly 78.
- the dam assembly 102 may be variously constructed.
- the dam assembly 102 is part of another port block assembly as previously described.
- the assembly 102 includes top and bottom walls 103/104, side walls 105, and an end wall 106.
- the dam assembly 102 comprises a partial end wall 108, which like the means 76 associated with the port block assembly 78, forms another flow passage 110 through which fluid must pass to exit the tube chamber 36.
- the length of the end wall 108 associated with the dam assembly 102 can vary. It can be the same as or different than the end wall 90 of the port block assembly 78, depending upon the nature and type of collection area or areas sought to be established within the tube chamber 36.
- the sedementation of higher density materials in the region 100 is also effected by the fluid flow rate, the RPM of the centrifuge, and the interior thickness of the tube chamber 36. These variables can be adjusted to alter the collection characteristics of the tube 34.
- dam assemblies of varying lengths and spacing can be used to create multiple separation and sedimentation zones within the tube chamber 36.
- the higher density materials (designated 101 in Figs. 6 and 7) migrating toward the High G Region 54 of the chamber 36 will collect within the area 100 bounded by the partial end wall 90 of the port block assembly 78 and the partial end wall 108 of the dam assembly 102.
- the dam assembly 102 is located in the outlet end 40 of the tube chamber 36, and outlet ports 112 are accordingly formed on the end wall 106, as in the port block assembly 78.
- the dam assembly 102 can be located within the tube chamber 36 at a location upstream of the outlet end 40 of the chamber 36 (as shown in Fig. 6), in which case the end wall 106 would be free of ports.
- a separate port block assembly (not shown), without a partial end wall, would be used at the outlet end 40 of the tube chamber 36.
- the port block assembly 78 and the dam assembly 102 can be made of various materials. In the illustrated embodiment, both are injection molded plastic parts that are located and sealed within the confines of the tube chamber 36 by heat sealing, solvent sealing, or similar techniques.
- the dimensions of the flow passages 92 and 110 can vary according to the type of fluid being processed and the flow conditions desired. In the particular embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the flow passages 92 and 110 are each about 7.6 cm (3 inches) wide (the same width as the associated tube) and about 0.6 mm (.025 inch) in height. The passages 92 and 110 therefore comprises restricted flow passages.
- the means 76 for directing incoming fluid toward the Low G Region 56 is shown in Fig. 9.
- the means 76 takes the form of a ridge 114 formed within the outside (High G) side of the processing area 32 of the assembly 16.
- the ridge 114 presses against the exterior of the outside wall of the tube 34, thereby forming a passage 92 like that formed by the partial end wall 90 of the port block assembly 78.
- a recess 116 is formed in the inside (Low G) side of the processing area 32 radially across from the ridge 114 to facilitate insertion and removal of the tube 34 and to better define the passage 92.
- the means 98 for defining the collection area 100 for higher density materials can also take the form of a ridge 118 and associated recess 120 formed along the walls of the processing area 32 of the centrifuge 12.
- FIG. 6 A centrifugal processing method which embodies the features of the invention is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. This process will result by the operation of the above described port block assembly 78 and dam assembly 102 when the tube chamber 36 is exposed to the centrifugal field F. However, it should be appreciated that the process can be achieved by other means as well.
- the fluid to be processed is introduced into the centrifugal force field F, it is directed away from the region of the chamber 36 where the largest centrifugal (or "G") forces exist. Furthermore, the fluid is directed and dispensed into the force field as a generally uniform stream (designated by arrows and number 111 in Figs 6 and 7) having reduced turbulence of being essentially free of turbulence.
- incoming fluid entering the port block assembly 78 (via the ports 88) is immediately confined within the open interior 84. Turbulent flow conditions occasioned by the entry of fluid into the chamber 36 (indicated by swirling arrows 113 in Figs 6 and 7) are thereby effectively confined to this interior area 84 and isolated from the remainder of the tube chamber 36.
- the fluid confined within the interior area 84 is directed by the partial end wall 90 away from the High G Region 54 and out into the tube chamber 36 via the passage 92.
- the fluid is directed and dispensed in a generally uniform stream 111 extending across the Low G Region 56 of the tube chamber 36.
- the process also creates within the chamber 36 a region 100 where the higher density materials 101 collect, while allowing the supernatant 115 to flow freely out of the chamber 36.
- the higher density materials 101 migrating toward the High G Region 54 of the chamber 36 collect within the area 100 bounded by the partial end wall 90 of the port block assembly 78 and the partial end wall 108 of the dam assembly 102.
- the supernatant which is free of the higher density materials 101, passes through the passage 110 of the dam assembly 102 and exits the outlet end 40 of the tube chamber 36.
- a tube 34 embodying the features of the invention was used in association with a set as generally shown in Fig. 8 and an Adams-type centrifuge to harvest human red blood cells from a saline suspension. Three runs were conducted.
- the suspension had an original red blood cell concentration of 1.27 x 107 per ml. This suspension was centrifugally processed through the tube at a flow rate of 1800 ml/min at 1600 RPM. During processing, concentrated red blood cells were collected at processing efficiency of 94.9%.
- the original suspension concentration was 1.43 x 107 red blood cells per ml.
- concentrated red blood cells were collected at a processing efficiency of 95.7%.
- the original suspension concentration was 1.33 x 107 red blood cells per ml.
- concentrated red blood cells were collected at a processing efficiency of 91.5%.
- a tube 34 embodying the features of the invention was used in association with a set as generally shown in Fig. 8 and an Adams-type centrifuge to harvest TIL cells from suspension.
- TIL cell viability of 73% was measured prior to processing. TIL cell viability of 73% was measured after processing.
- Lytic activity of the TIL cells prior to processing was 5.4%. After processing, the lytic activity was 4.3%, which does not constitute a statistically significant difference.
- Example 2 further demonstrates that processing occurs without biological damage to the cellular components.
Landscapes
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US25512788A | 1988-10-07 | 1988-10-07 | |
US255127 | 1988-10-07 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0363120A2 EP0363120A2 (en) | 1990-04-11 |
EP0363120A3 EP0363120A3 (en) | 1991-01-23 |
EP0363120B1 true EP0363120B1 (en) | 1993-11-24 |
Family
ID=22966947
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19890310048 Expired - Lifetime EP0363120B1 (en) | 1988-10-07 | 1989-10-02 | Centrifugal fluid processing system and method |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0363120B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2967280B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA1334189C (ja) |
DE (2) | DE68910928T2 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6334842B1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2002-01-01 | Gambro, Inc. | Centrifugal separation apparatus and method for separating fluid components |
US6354986B1 (en) | 2000-02-16 | 2002-03-12 | Gambro, Inc. | Reverse-flow chamber purging during centrifugal separation |
US7708889B2 (en) | 2002-04-16 | 2010-05-04 | Caridianbct, Inc. | Blood component processing system method |
US9248446B2 (en) | 2013-02-18 | 2016-02-02 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | System for blood separation with a separation chamber having an internal gravity valve |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5656163A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1997-08-12 | Baxter International Inc. | Chamber for use in a rotating field to separate blood components |
SE9001196L (sv) * | 1990-04-02 | 1991-10-03 | Omega Teknik Hb | Princip och anordning vid genomstroemningscentifug |
IT1251147B (it) * | 1991-08-05 | 1995-05-04 | Ivo Panzani | Tubo multilume per separatore centrifugo particolarmente per sangue |
US6053856A (en) * | 1995-04-18 | 2000-04-25 | Cobe Laboratories | Tubing set apparatus and method for separation of fluid components |
US5904645A (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1999-05-18 | Cobe Laboratories | Apparatus for reducing turbulence in fluid flow |
US5792038A (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1998-08-11 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Centrifugal separation device for providing a substantially coriolis-free pathway |
CA2255835A1 (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1997-11-20 | Dennis Hlavinka | Method and apparatus for reducing turbulence in fluid flow |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2662687A (en) * | 1950-04-01 | 1953-12-15 | Laval Separator Co De | Centrifugal separator for cold milk products and the like |
US4091989A (en) * | 1977-01-04 | 1978-05-30 | Schlutz Charles A | Continuous flow fractionation and separation device and method |
DE3632500A1 (de) * | 1986-09-24 | 1988-04-07 | Fresenius Ag | Zentrifugenanordnung |
-
1989
- 1989-09-27 CA CA 613606 patent/CA1334189C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-02 DE DE1989610928 patent/DE68910928T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-02 DE DE1989310048 patent/DE363120T1/de active Pending
- 1989-10-02 EP EP19890310048 patent/EP0363120B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-05 JP JP1261216A patent/JP2967280B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6334842B1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2002-01-01 | Gambro, Inc. | Centrifugal separation apparatus and method for separating fluid components |
US6514189B1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2003-02-04 | Gambro, Inc. | Centrifugal separation method for separating fluid components |
US6354986B1 (en) | 2000-02-16 | 2002-03-12 | Gambro, Inc. | Reverse-flow chamber purging during centrifugal separation |
US7708889B2 (en) | 2002-04-16 | 2010-05-04 | Caridianbct, Inc. | Blood component processing system method |
US9248446B2 (en) | 2013-02-18 | 2016-02-02 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | System for blood separation with a separation chamber having an internal gravity valve |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH02172546A (ja) | 1990-07-04 |
CA1334189C (en) | 1995-01-31 |
DE363120T1 (de) | 1990-09-06 |
DE68910928D1 (de) | 1994-01-05 |
DE68910928T2 (de) | 1994-06-30 |
EP0363120A3 (en) | 1991-01-23 |
JP2967280B2 (ja) | 1999-10-25 |
EP0363120A2 (en) | 1990-04-11 |
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