EP0360938A1 - Bürsten und synthetische Borsten - Google Patents

Bürsten und synthetische Borsten Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0360938A1
EP0360938A1 EP88309092A EP88309092A EP0360938A1 EP 0360938 A1 EP0360938 A1 EP 0360938A1 EP 88309092 A EP88309092 A EP 88309092A EP 88309092 A EP88309092 A EP 88309092A EP 0360938 A1 EP0360938 A1 EP 0360938A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bristle
synthetic
bristles
brushes
brush
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88309092A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0360938B1 (de
Inventor
Fredrick Brandt Burns
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Newell Operating Co
Original Assignee
Newell Operating Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Newell Operating Co filed Critical Newell Operating Co
Priority to EP88309092A priority Critical patent/EP0360938B1/de
Priority to DE3853534T priority patent/DE3853534T2/de
Priority to AT88309092T priority patent/ATE120622T1/de
Priority to ES88309092T priority patent/ES2072863T3/es
Publication of EP0360938A1 publication Critical patent/EP0360938A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0360938B1 publication Critical patent/EP0360938B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in brushes, an improvement in synthetic bristles used in brushes, and methodology for producing such improved synthetic bristles.
  • bristle is a common term for these mater­ials, although the term is often restricted to mean animal hair, and even more specifically, sometimes to the hair of the swine.
  • bristle in its broadest sense to cover all naturally derived filamentatious material which can be used to make the flexible brushing portion of a brush.
  • a brush as a device, composed of a multiplicity of bristles in which the base material in at least a portion of the bristles is a synthesized polymer,co-polymer, alloy, or mixtures, e.g., nylon, polyester, polyolefin, Amalon, Esterlon.
  • a synthesized polymer,co-polymer, alloy or mixtures, e.g., nylon, polyester, polyolefin, Amalon, Esterlon.
  • Amalon is a mixture of polyolefin and nylon
  • Esterlon is a mixture of polyester and nylon.
  • One aim of this invention is to provide synthetic bristles which have not only the aforementioned benefits of such synthetics, but also many of the attributes of natural bristles never before available in synthetic versions.
  • a second aim of this invention is to provide a synthetic bristle superior to conventional synthetics in terms of polymeric material utilization efficiency.
  • a third aim is to provide a synthetic bristle which is opaque, or nearly opaque, to light without requiring pigmentation or by using significantly less pigmentation than conventional synthetics.
  • Natural bristle materials result from organic growth processes wherein elongated cellular formations build upon one another to form essentially rod-like structures of sufficient resilience and integrity to serve the functional needs required in brushes for painting, powdering, scrubbing, sweeping and the like. It is the cellular wall formation that provides structural character to these natural bristles along with the complex chemical makeup of the specific bristle.
  • Some natural bristles are essentially tapered in that one end (the butt end) of the bristle is larger than the other (tip end). Still others are not tapered or have very little of this tendency.
  • Natural bristles are always irregular in shape along their length, and have scale-like outer surfaces. Some of these are naturally split at the end, forming tiny fingers which are useful in brush performance.
  • Synthetic bristles heretofore available have none of the cellular structures, shape irregularities or scale-like surfaces. Rather, they have dense polymeric structure and are highly uniform in shape, with smooth surfaces. Synthetic bristles are available in tapered or untapered form, and in cross-sectional profiles of solid round, hollow round, ribbed, S shaped and other shapes dependent on extrusion technology. All synthetics to date require physical splitting of the ends (flagging) where this is deemed desirable in brushes.
  • Our improved synthetic bristles are specifically designed with cellular structures, irregular longitudinal and cross sectional shapes, and scale-like surfaces. They are designed in both tapered and untapered form, and in all the extrusion shapes as other synthetics.
  • the result of this improvement is to provide synthetic bristles which combine the appearance and physical properties associated with natural bristles with chemical and physical properties associated with the polymeric materials used in their composition.
  • these improved synthetic bristles by virtue of their cellular structure, are less dense than other synthetics made from the same polymers.
  • such bristles may possess only 70 to 75% of the weight of, (though not limited to this range) synthetics made in the same cross-sectional profile from the same base polymer. This benefit provides more efficient utilization of the base polymer and desirably lighter weight bristles.
  • These improved synthetic bristles are more easily split or flagged than synthetics of the same cross-sectional profile.
  • a brush as a device, composed of a multiplicity of bristles attached to a handle and designed primarily for painting, powdering, scrubbing, sweeping and the like. While any brush may perform all of these tasks outlined to some degree, use experience and refinement have led to more specific brush designs for each of these applications.
  • the shapes of the handles are generally different and may be expressly designed for these different functions of painting, powdering, sweeping and scrubbing, as well as refined within each function, especially as related to the specific task.
  • scrubbing brush handles usually take different forms from painting brush handles, but tooth scrubbing brushes usually also are different in design from floor scrubbing brushes, and brushes designed for sash painting normally have different shaped handles from wall painting brushes.
  • Bristles used in brushes also are selected or designed for the particu­lar application of the brush.
  • bristles In general, we define bristles as being relatively coarse hairs, filaments and fibers which possess sufficient resilience and integrity to provide the function required of a brush.
  • scrubbing requires the most resilient bristles and painting the least resilient with artists brushes being the softest..
  • Sweeping usually requires an intermediate resilience. Resilience is a function of the bristle's cross-­sectional area relative to its length as well as the flexural properties of the bristle material substance.
  • paint brushes As explained below: Two paint brushes were con­structed, using a standard formulation in one case, and an experimental formulation in the other. The difference was substitution in the experimental brush of 40% by weight of my improved cellular synthetic bristle for a like amount of a commercial synthetic bristle. Both synthetics were of tapered form; of polyester material; and of the same physical size. The two brushes were determined to have the same flexural stiffness when compared in a special device designed for that purpose.
  • Synthetic bristles are conventionally produced by first melting an appropriate resin, thermoplastic polymer, co-polymer, alloy or mixture, in combination with certain additives to add opacity, color, and to minimize thermal degradation. Such materials are often pre-compounded in major constituents such as pelletized special grade resins, and pelletized colorants and additives. Standard practice is to melt the resin and additive mixture to a temperature appropriate to the resin grade for hot melt extrusion through a group of small diameter orifices in a head. A group of small diameter filaments emerge from the extrusion head and are carried forward through take up rolls, water baths (or other liquids) and controlled temperature zones, see Figure 1.
  • this take-up system is to orient the essentially random molecular structure into an essentially axially aligned structure within each filament.
  • This process which elongates the filaments and reduces their diameters, is sometimes called drawing, and provides linear integrity to the filaments.
  • These filaments are later cut to length.
  • the filament to length ratio is such that the resulting cut section has suitable resilience properties for use in a brush as a substitue for natural bristle as pre­viously described, it is a synthetic bristle.
  • a variety of bristle cross-sectional shapes are commercially produced. For example, X shapes, triangular, round, and even hollow shapes are formed as taught by others.
  • the invention comprises including, in the extrusion melt or process, certain other additives, sometimes called foaming or blowing agents, including nucleating materials, which are designed to create tiny gaseous bubbles at random within the extruding filaments.
  • foaming or blowing agents including nucleating materials, which are designed to create tiny gaseous bubbles at random within the extruding filaments.
  • tiny elongated cells are formed within the filament structure (see Figure 3).
  • the bubbles or bubble craters occurring near the filament surface(s) cause indentations and roughness at the filament surface which is scale-like in character, and which can be controlled in the extrusion portion of the process.
  • the random occurrence and random size of the bubbles within the filaments form a somewhat irregular shape as opposed to the true, uniform shape resulting from conventional technology.

Landscapes

  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
EP88309092A 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Bürsten und synthetische Borsten Expired - Lifetime EP0360938B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88309092A EP0360938B1 (de) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Bürsten und synthetische Borsten
DE3853534T DE3853534T2 (de) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Bürsten und synthetische Borsten.
AT88309092T ATE120622T1 (de) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Bürsten und synthetische borsten.
ES88309092T ES2072863T3 (es) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Mejoras en cepillos y cerdas sinteticas.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88309092A EP0360938B1 (de) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Bürsten und synthetische Borsten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0360938A1 true EP0360938A1 (de) 1990-04-04
EP0360938B1 EP0360938B1 (de) 1995-04-05

Family

ID=8200233

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88309092A Expired - Lifetime EP0360938B1 (de) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Bürsten und synthetische Borsten

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0360938B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE120622T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3853534T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2072863T3 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4113008C1 (en) * 1991-04-20 1992-03-05 Matthias Dr. 4320 Hattingen De Kratofiel Sterilising and drying toothbrush - involves irradiating with microwaves, all brush components being resistant to microwaves

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE640194A (de) *
BE691957A (de) * 1966-12-29 1967-05-29
FR1508433A (fr) * 1965-08-24 1968-01-05 Synthese France Filament mousse artificiel en polymère ou copolymère du propylène
US4010308A (en) * 1953-05-04 1977-03-01 Wiczer Sol B Filled porous coated fiber
FR2450580A1 (fr) * 1979-03-08 1980-10-03 Erzgebirgische Pinselfabrik Pinceaux, brosses et balais formes de soies synthetiques

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE640194A (de) *
US4010308A (en) * 1953-05-04 1977-03-01 Wiczer Sol B Filled porous coated fiber
FR1508433A (fr) * 1965-08-24 1968-01-05 Synthese France Filament mousse artificiel en polymère ou copolymère du propylène
BE691957A (de) * 1966-12-29 1967-05-29
FR2450580A1 (fr) * 1979-03-08 1980-10-03 Erzgebirgische Pinselfabrik Pinceaux, brosses et balais formes de soies synthetiques

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4113008C1 (en) * 1991-04-20 1992-03-05 Matthias Dr. 4320 Hattingen De Kratofiel Sterilising and drying toothbrush - involves irradiating with microwaves, all brush components being resistant to microwaves

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2072863T3 (es) 1995-08-01
DE3853534T2 (de) 1995-10-12
EP0360938B1 (de) 1995-04-05
DE3853534D1 (de) 1995-05-11
ATE120622T1 (de) 1995-04-15

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