EP0360126B1 - Méthode d'opération d'un détecteur optique de fumée et détecteur de fumée pour la mise en oeuvre de la méthode - Google Patents

Méthode d'opération d'un détecteur optique de fumée et détecteur de fumée pour la mise en oeuvre de la méthode Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0360126B1
EP0360126B1 EP89116813A EP89116813A EP0360126B1 EP 0360126 B1 EP0360126 B1 EP 0360126B1 EP 89116813 A EP89116813 A EP 89116813A EP 89116813 A EP89116813 A EP 89116813A EP 0360126 B1 EP0360126 B1 EP 0360126B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
sensitive receiver
measuring chamber
light sensitive
smoke detector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89116813A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0360126B2 (fr
EP0360126A3 (fr
EP0360126A2 (fr
Inventor
Hartwig Dipl.-Ing. Beyersdorf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6363155&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0360126(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT89116813T priority Critical patent/ATE101739T1/de
Publication of EP0360126A2 publication Critical patent/EP0360126A2/fr
Publication of EP0360126A3 publication Critical patent/EP0360126A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0360126B1 publication Critical patent/EP0360126B1/fr
Publication of EP0360126B2 publication Critical patent/EP0360126B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an optical smoke detector according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Optical smoke detectors contain at least one light source, for example in the form of a light-emitting diode (LED), which is usually operated in the infrared range, and a light-sensitive receiver, for example a photo element.
  • the radiation from the light source and the field of view of the light-sensitive receiver are usually directed; the elements are also arranged so that the photosensitive receiver is not directly exposed to the radiation from the light source.
  • Such smoke detectors take advantage of the fact that aerosols that have penetrated into the measuring chamber reflect the light radiation to a greater or lesser extent. The resulting scattered radiation also strikes the light-sensitive receiver. This responds and emits an alarm signal when the stray radiation has a predetermined intensity.
  • the measuring chamber naturally requires at least one opening through which the smoke can enter the measuring chamber.
  • An opening in the measuring chamber also allows light to enter.
  • the aim is to choose the optical arrangement in the measuring chamber so that it is largely shielded from the incoming light.
  • light entering the measuring chamber from outside leads to scattering due to multiple reflections on the walls of the measuring chamber.
  • the light source in the measuring chamber also causes stray radiation.
  • the scattered radiation composed of the components external light and light of the light source changes with increasing contamination of the measuring chamber walls. This pollution cannot be avoided at all because of the necessary entry opening for smoke.
  • Increasing pollution leads to an increase in the amount of scattered radiation.
  • the scattered radiation can assume values that exceed the response value of the light-sensitive receiver. A false alarm then occurs, which is known to be perceived as particularly unpleasant in fire alarm systems.
  • An increase in the amount of interference radiation leads to an increase in the sensitivity of the smoke detector. Therefore, only small amounts of smoke are sufficient, which under certain circumstances do not yet pose a risk to trigger. False alarms can therefore already occur at a point in time when the amount of interference radiation is not yet sufficient to achieve the required response value of the light-sensitive receiver.
  • a smoke detector has become known which has two light-sensitive receivers.
  • the directional field of view of the first receiver crosses the radiation beam of the light source approximately perpendicularly.
  • the directional field of view of the second photosensitive receiver extends approximately parallel to that of the first photosensitive receiver past the light beam of the light source, both receivers looking at a surface element on the wall of the measuring chamber, which in special cases can be the same.
  • the surface element is designed to absorb radiation.
  • the interference radiation component is to be compensated for by forming the difference between the output signals of the light-sensitive receivers. In the case of the known smoke detector, however, it is disregarded that the disturbing stray radiation from the entire space of the measuring chamber strikes the light-sensitive receiver.
  • the volume that generates the useful scattered radiation when smoke arrives has a significantly larger diameter than the radiation beam of the light source. Therefore, the stray radiation also strikes the second light-sensitive receiver. It is therefore not possible to compensate for the scattered radiation even when smoke arrives.
  • the main disadvantage is that the wall area of the measuring chamber viewed by the second light-sensitive receiver is in the dark, so that its reflection only reaches extremely low values that can hardly be processed by measuring technology. It is therefore scarcely possible, or only with a very high level of metrological effort, to detect scattered radiation caused by contamination of the measuring chamber.
  • DE-PS 27 54 139 it has also become known to provide a single light-sensitive receiver which is pivoted with the aid of a corresponding actuating device in order to either allow the directional field of view to cross the light beam of the light source or "see" past the light beam. . It is optionally proposed to design the light source to be pivotable.
  • the waste kung optics or a light source with the help of a suitable mechanism, such as an electromagnetic actuation, is extremely expensive for optical smoke detectors. Furthermore, these embodiments do not lead to better consideration of the scattered radiation caused by contamination.
  • a smoke detector has become known from EP-0 079 010, in which a second light-sensitive element is directly exposed to the light from the light source. With the aid of the second light-sensitive element, the intensity of the light from the light source is measured and can be used for regulation in order to maintain the sensitivity to smoke despite the light source being contaminated.
  • an optical smoke detector has become known in which a light-sensitive receiver is surrounded by two or more light sources, the light beams of which cross the directional field of view of the receiver at an angle.
  • the light beams exit through openings in the smoke detector housing.
  • the disadvantage of a complicated and large labyrinth of conventional smoke detectors is to be avoided, the scattered light of the backward radiation should be optimally used.
  • the known smoke detector does not take into account interference radiation caused by contamination.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for operating an optical smoke detector which, with very little effort, reliably prevents the scattered radiation caused by contamination of the measuring chamber from leading to a false alarm.
  • the scattering of the light is measured directly on a surface element of the measuring chamber wall, whereby it can be assumed that the intensity of this scattered light is very low at the beginning with a black chamber wall and increases with increasing dust deposition the pollution-representative signal level, which can be processed using simple components.
  • the increase in the signal level resulting from increasing dust deposition is a measure of the associated increase in interference radiation. If this level reaches a predetermined value, a maintenance signal can be issued, which, for example, is a reason to dismantle and clean the smoke detector.
  • the maintenance signal can also be used to change the sensitivity of the light-sensitive receiver receiving the useful scattered radiation accordingly.
  • this can be done in that the photosensitive receiver receiving the useful scatter radiation is followed by a threshold value stage that can be changed in terms of the threshold value.
  • the control signal is applied to the control input of the threshold value stage and increases the threshold value when the output signal of the light-sensitive receiver receiving the interference scatter radiation reaches a predetermined value.
  • the response threshold for emitting an alarm signal is therefore increased if a certain degree of contamination is found in the measuring chamber.
  • the sensitivity to response when smoke occurs can be kept approximately the same. It would otherwise increase with increasing pollution, so that less and less smoke is required to generate an alarm signal.
  • the response sensitivity for smoke detection can also be adjusted in several stages.
  • the maintenance signal can be used to block the alarm circuit in order to avoid the risk of a false alarm due to excessive interference radiation.
  • a particular advantage of the invention is that the interference radiation can also be taken into account or compensated for when there is smoke in the measuring chamber. If smoke is below the alarm threshold in the measuring chamber, it causes less reflection radiation to fall from the irradiated wall surface onto the receiver receiving the scattered radiation in the test phase. However, this is almost replaced by the reflection on smoke particles in the Radiation beam. Therefore, with a constant degree of pollution, the intensity of the stray radiation incident on the optical receiver remains approximately the same with a relatively small amount of smoke.
  • both a separate light source and a separate light-sensitive receiver can be provided in order to measure the reflection of a surface area of the measuring chamber wall.
  • the effort for this is naturally greater than if only one additional light source or only one additional light-sensitive receiver is used alone.
  • the latter requirement is not so important because the two optical measuring sections can only be optionally switched to the operating state by appropriate pulse-like control.
  • the optical arrangement of the smoke detector shown has an optical transmitter 10, a first optical receiver 11 and a second optical receiver 12.
  • the optical transmitter 10 has a light-emitting diode 13 (LED), which is preceded by a collecting lens 14.
  • the optical receiver 11 has a photo element 15, which is preceded by a converging lens 16.
  • the second optical receiver 12 has a photo element 17, which is preceded by a converging lens 18.
  • Optical transmitter 10 and optical receiver 11, 12 are sunk into channels or bores, as shown for transmitter 10 and receiver 11 at 19 and 20, respectively. Due to the lens 14, the optical transmitter 10 has a directional radiation, which is designated by 21. Due to the lens 16, the photo element 15 has a directional field of view, which is designated by 22.
  • the optical receiver 12 also has a directional field of view, which is designated by 23.
  • the optical arrangement described is located within a cylindrical housing 30, the upper end of which is omitted in FIG. 2. It includes an electrical circuit arrangement and a fastening device for attaching the smoke detector, for example on the ceiling of a building room.
  • Slits 31 are formed circumferentially spaced near the lower end wall of the housing 30, from which inward angled portions 32, 33 extend.
  • the angled sections 32, 33 are intended to prevent too much outside light from entering the measuring chamber 35 formed in the housing 30. All parts in the measuring chamber, especially their walls, are black to ensure maximum absorption.
  • the axes of the optical transmitter 10 and the optical receiver 11 are arranged such that the radiation 21 of the optical transmitter 10 crosses the field of view 22 of the optical receiver 11, but does not fall directly onto the lens 16 . In the ideal case, therefore, only the scattered radiation which is caused by smoke penetrating into the measuring chamber 35 falls on the optical receiver 11 in the volume within which the radiation 21 and the field of view 22 intersect.
  • Such an optical arrangement for smoke measurement is, however, state of the art.
  • the radiation 21 from the optical transmitter 10 strikes the obliquely inward-pointing section 32 of the housing wall, approximately at right angles.
  • the irradiated area is labeled 36.
  • the field of view 22 of the optical receiver 12 is now aligned in such a way that it detects the area 36 irradiated by the optical transmitter 10, and likewise approximately perpendicular to the section 32. Part of the light reflected by the irradiated surface therefore falls on the optical receiver 12. Since, as mentioned, the measuring chamber 35 is formed by black boundary surfaces, the reflection of the smoke detector is almost zero when the smoke detector is new. However, this changes when dust particles settle inside the measuring chamber 35. The more Dust is in the area 36, the more the light coming from the transmitter 10 is reflected.
  • the optical receiver 12 measures the intensity of the reflected radiation and emits a corresponding output signal. It is therefore representative of the degree of contamination of the measuring chamber by the ingress of dust and thus also of the scattered radiation in the measuring chamber 35 in general. It cannot be avoided that outside light penetrates into the measuring chamber 35 via the slots.
  • the radiation 21 from the optical transmitter 10 generates a scattered radiation in the chamber 35. Both scattered radiation components can assume a level that the optical receiver 11 responds, although there is no useful scattered radiation due to the occurrence of smoke. Even if the interference scatter radiation does not yet reach such a value, it leads to an undesired falsification of the measurement results brought about by the useful scatter radiation.
  • the optical arrangement according to FIGS. 3 and 4 has two optical transmitters 51, 52 and an optical receiver 50.
  • the optical transmitters have a light-emitting diode 65 or 66, to which a converging lens 67, 68 is connected upstream.
  • the optical receiver 50 has a photo element 70 to which a converging lens 71 is arranged.
  • the optical transmitters 51, 52 and the optical receiver 50 are sunk into channels or bores in the housing 30, as shown for transmitters 51 and receivers 50 at 72 and 73, respectively. Due to the lens 67, the optical transmitter 51 has a directional radiation, which is denoted by 76. Due to the lens 71, the photo element 70 has a directional field of view, which is designated by 77.
  • the transmitter 52 has a directed beam, which is designated 78.
  • the axes of the optical transmitter 51 and the optical receiver 50 are arranged in such a way that the radiation 76 crosses the field of view 77 of the optical receiver 11 and therefore does not strike the lens 71.
  • such an optical arrangement for smoke measurement is known.
  • the radiation from the optical transmitter 52 strikes the obliquely inward-pointing section 32 of the housing wall, approximately at right angles.
  • the irradiated area is labeled 80.
  • the field of view of the receiver 50 is also oriented such that it detects the area 80 irradiated by the optical transmitter 52, and likewise approximately perpendicular to the section 32. Part of the light reflected by the irradiated surface therefore falls on the optical receiver 50. Since, as mentioned, the measuring chamber 35 is formed by black boundary surfaces, the reflection of the smoke detector is almost zero when the smoke detector is new. However, this changes when dust particles settle inside the measuring chamber 35. The more dust there is in the area 36, the more the light coming from the transmitter 52 is reflected.
  • the optical receiver 50 measures the intensity of the reflected radiation and emits a corresponding output signal. It is therefore representative of the degree of contamination of the measuring chamber by the ingress of dust and thus also of the scattered radiation in the measuring chamber 35 in general. However, it should be mentioned, and this will be explained further below with reference to further figures, that the light transmitters 51, 52 are operated alternately, the interference scatter radiation which is caused by contamination of the measuring chamber being measured only when the light source 52 is in operation.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a circuit arrangement for operating the optical arrangement of the smoke detector according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the optical receivers 11 and 12 are connected to an amplifier and control circuit 41 via an electronic switch 40.
  • the circuit 41 is connected to a maintenance detection 43 via an AND gate 42. It is also connected to the optical transmitter 10, which operates in the infrared range, for example.
  • the circuit 41 is also connected to a decadal counter 44, which in turn is connected to the output of the amplifier and control circuit 41.
  • the output of the counter 44 is at the input of an AND gate 45, the further input of which is connected to the output of the circuit 41.
  • the output of the AND gate 45 is connected to the electronic switch 40.
  • the output of the counter 44 is connected to the input of a NAND gate 46, the output of which is connected to the input of a further AND gate 47.
  • the further input of the AND gate 47 is connected to an output of the amplifier and control circuit 41.
  • the output of the AND gate 47 goes to an alarm circuit 48.
  • the circuit shown operates as follows.
  • the optical transmitter 10 generates a pulse light. Simultaneously with the triggering of the light transmission pulse, the optical receiver 11 is activated, ie switched ready to receive. If no useful scattered light occurs in the beam path 21 of the optical transmitter 10 in the normal state of the optical detector, the optical receiver 11 is deactivated after the transmission pulse has ended.
  • the optical receiver generates a significant output i during a light emitting pulse gnal, the amplifier and control circuit 41 generates a corresponding pulse, which spontaneously stops the decadal counter 44. Continuing transmission pulses from the amplifier and control circuit 41 can no longer change the counter reading.
  • a second output of the control circuit 41 becomes active and generates the AND condition for the AND gate 47.
  • the alarm circuit 48 is then activated.
  • the further AND condition for the AND gate 47 is generated by the output of the NAND gate 46 if the counter 44 does not output a corresponding output signal.
  • the counter 44 After a predetermined number of, for example, m transmission pulses, which is counted by the counter 44, the counter 44 generates an output signal which is sent to the electronic switch 40 via the AND gate 45 if the further AND condition generates a transmission clock was present.
  • the electronic switch 40 now connects the second optical receiver 12 with the amplifier and transmitter circuit 41 in order to initiate a test phase.
  • the electronic switch switches back to the original position in the smoke detection phase. It should also be mentioned that smoke detection is suppressed during the test phase.
  • the already mentioned NAND gate 46 is used, the output signal of which is switched when a counter output signal is generated. As a result, an alarm signal can no longer be given to the alarm circuit 48 via the AND gate 47, even if the alarm condition is present. If, however, the radiation reflected from the chamber wall and incident on the optical receiver 12 exceeds a predetermined level, the optical receiver 12 generates an output signal; thereupon the amplifier and control circuit 41 in turn spontaneously sends a stop signal to the counter 44.
  • the interlock for the smoke detection thus remains and the amplifier and control circuit is further connected to the receiver 12. Continuing transmission pulses from the amplifier and control circuit can no longer change the counter reading. If a correspondingly large stray light also strikes the optical receiver during the next n transmission pulses without interruption, a second output is activated at the amplifier and control circuit 41 and thus supplies the necessary AND condition to the AND gate 42 The output of the AND gate 42 controls the maintenance circuit 43. For example, it can show the viewer what degree of contamination the chamber wall has reached. A corresponding display in the connected monitoring center can take place optically and / or acoustically.
  • optical receiver 50 In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, only a single optical receiver 50 is provided. Associated with it are an optical transmitter 51 for smoke detection and an optical transmitter 52 for determining contamination.
  • the optical receiver 50 and the optical transmitter 51 work together in the same way as the corresponding optical arrangement according to FIG. 5.
  • the directional radiation of the transmitter 52 is directed onto a surface of the measuring chamber wall which is in the field of view of the optical receiver 50.
  • the optical transmitters 51, 52 receive their clock pulses from the amplifier and control circuit 53, which is connected via an AND gate 54 at the input of the optical transmitter 52.
  • An AND gate 55 is arranged between the circuit 53 and the optical transmitter 51.
  • the clock pulses also reach a decadal counter 56, the output of which forms the second input of the AND gate 54.
  • a NAND gate 57 is connected at the output of the counter 56, the output of which is connected to the second input of the AND gate 55 and an input of the AND gate 58.
  • An output of the amplifier and control circuit 53 is connected to an AND gate 59, the second input of which is connected to the output of the counter 56.
  • a maintenance circuit 60 is connected to the output of the AND gate 59.
  • An alarm circuit 51 is connected to the output of the AND gate 58.
  • the optical transmitter 51 is driven in pulses, the output of the NAND gate 57 generating the second AND condition in the AND gate 55.
  • the transmitter 52 is deactivated since the counter 56 does not generate a corresponding output signal. If the output signal of the optical receiver 50 exceeds a predetermined value, as already described for FIG. 5 ben, the counter 56 spontaneously stopped by the amplifier and control circuit in order to bring about the necessary electronic interlocks and only after a predetermined number of measuring pulses triggered the alarm circuit 61 via the AND gate 58 by being driven by the amplifier and control circuit 53 becomes.
  • the second AND condition is generated via the output of the NAND gate 57.
  • the counter 56 If the number of transmit pulses preset in the counter is reached, the counter 56 generates a predetermined output signal, as a result of which the AND gates 55 and 58 are blocked via the NAND gate 57. A light pulse is now emitted by the optical transmitter 52 while the optical receiver 50 is activated synchronously. If the output signal of the optical receiver 50 exceeds a predetermined level, an electronic lock is first brought about in order to control the maintenance circuit 60 via the AND gate 59 after a predetermined level has remained for a number of n measuring pulses. The second condition of the AND gate 59 is fulfilled by the output signal of the counter 56.
  • the processing of the signal input to the maintenance circuit 60 can be done as described in connection with FIG. 5.
  • the test phase described last also only lasts a predetermined number of transmission pulses, after which the counter 56 is reset.
  • the smoke detection phase and test phase are then started again alternately in the manner described above.
  • FIG. 7 shows a first time axis 100 which shows analog variables for the state of the measuring chamber, for example the measuring chamber 35 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, specifically for the smoke 101, which is shown with an increasing tendency, for the scattered radiation of pollution, which is indicated by 104, and for which the increase in scattered radiation 104 'and the tracked response threshold 102'.
  • Light pulses 106 are shown on the time axis 105, which are emitted, for example, by the optical transmitter 10 according to FIG. 5.
  • test light pulses 107 are shown which are somewhat wider than the light pulses 106 for smoke measurement. They are also emitted by the optical transmitter 10 according to FIG. 5, namely in accordance with the recording in FIG. 7 after every four pulses 106.
  • Output pulses 111 for example from the optical receiver 11 and output pulses 108 from the optical receiver 12 are shown on the time axis 110. They are the reaction to the light pulses 106 and 107. It can be seen that when the measuring chamber is still unpolluted (new condition), the output signal of the optical receiver 12, which corresponds to the reflection of the light pulse on a surface of the measuring chamber wall, is relatively low, but already a higher one Level has as the output signal of the optical receiver 11. With the increase in smoke in the measuring chamber, the output pulses 111 of the optical receiver 11 also become larger. When the response threshold 102 has been reached, the optical transmitter 10, controlled by the amplifier and control circuit 41, emits a light pulse sequence of a higher frequency. This can be seen at 106a. Correspondingly, a pulse train 111 a is generated at the output of the optical receiver 11. By generating a faster measuring pulse sequence over a certain time, it should be verified whether there is actually smoke in the measuring chamber.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un détecteur optique de fumée comportant une chambre de mesure absorbant la lumière, procédé selon lequel, pour la détection de fumée, au moins un récepteur (11) sensible à la lumière mesure le rayonnement diffusé utile sortant d'un élément de volume se trouvant dans la zone de rencontre du champ optique (22) dirigé du récepteur sensible à la lumière et du rayon dirigé (21) d'une source de lumière, étant entendu que pour la détection du rayonnement diffusé parasite provoqué par l'encrassement de la chambre de mesure, le récepteur sensible à la lumière, ou un deuxième récepteur (12) sensible à la lumière, capte le rayonnement émis par un élément de surface (36) de la chambre de mesure (35), caractérisé en ce qu'on mesure le rayonnement réfléchi provenant d'un élément de surface éclairé.
2. Détecteur optique de fumée comportant :
- une chambre de mesure (35) absorbant, de préférence, fortement la lumière, à laquelle sont associés une source de lumière (10) et deux récepteurs (11, 12) sensibles à la lumière de telle façon que le champ optique dirigé (22) de l'un (11) des récepteurs sensibles à la lumière coupe le rayon dirigé (21) de la source de lumière et que le rayon dirigé (23) du deuxième récepteur (12) sensible à la lumière est dirigé sur une surface (36) de la chambre de mesure,
- un circuit d'alarme (48) émettant un signal d'alarme si le signal de sortie du premier récepteur sensible à la lumière atteint une valeur prédéterminée, et
- un circuit d'interprétation (43) émettant un signal de commande si, en raison d'un encrassement de la chambre de mesure, le signal de sortie du deuxième récepteur sensible à la lumière atteint une valeur prédéterminée,
caractérisé en ce que la surface de la chambre de mesure qui se trouvant dans le champ optique dirigé du deuxième récepteur (12) sensible à la lumière reçoit le rayonnement émis par une source de lumière (10).
3. Détecteur optique de fumée comportant :
- une chambre de mesure (35) absorbant, de préférence, fortement la lumière, à laquelle sont associés une source de lumière (51) et au moins un récepteur (50) sensible à la lumière de telle façon que le champ optique dirigé (77) d'un premier récepteur sensible à la lumière coupe le rayon dirigé (76) de la source de lumière,
- un circuit d'alarme (48) émettant un signal d'alarme si le signal de sortie du récepteur sensible à la lumière atteint une valeur prédéterminée,
- et un dispositif optique qui détecte et traite une variation du signal de sortie du récepteur sensible à la lumière, variation provoquée par un encrassement de la chambre de mesure,
caractérisé en ce qu'une deuxième source de lumière (52) envoie un rayonnement sur une surface de la chambre de mesure qui se trouve dans la champ optique du premier récepteur (50) sensible à la lumière ou d'un autre récepteur sensible à la lumière, étant entendu qu'un circuit de commande (40) active alternativement l'une des deux sources de lumière (51, 52),
et en ce qu'un circuit d'interprétation (41-48) est prévu, qui émet un signal de commande si le signal de sortie du récepteur (50) sensible à la lumière atteint, pendant la phase activée de la deuxième source de lumière (52), une valeur prédéterminée.
4. Détecteur optique de fumée suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier et le deuxième récepteurs (11, 12) sensible à la lumière sont reliés, par l'intermédiaire d'un inverseur (40), de préférence électronique, aux circuits d'interprétation et d'alarme (43, 48).
5. Détecteur optique de fumée suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de commande coupe le circuit d'alarme respectivement si le deuxième récepteur (12) sensible à la lumière est relié, par l'intermédiaire de l'inverseur (40) au circuit de contrôle (43, 60) et quand la deuxième source de lumière (52) est activée.
6. Détecteur optique de fumée suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de commande (40, 53) comporte un générateur d'impulsions et un compteur électronique réglable (44, 56), relié au générateur d'impulsions, compteur qui active le deuxième récepteur (12) sensible à la lumière et/ou la deuxième source de lumière (52) si une première position prédéterminée du compteur est atteinte et qui active le premier récepteur sensible à la lumière et/ou la première source de lumière (51) si une deuxième position du compteur est atteinte.
7. Détecteur optique de fumée suivant la revendication 5 et la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'inverseur (40) est commandé par un signal de sortie du compteur (44).
8. Détecteur optique de fumée suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le signal de contrôle est émis à un étage donnant une valeur-seuil, dont le signal de sortie coupe le circuit d'alarme si le signal de contrôle atteint une valeur prédéterminée.
9. Détecteur optique de fumée suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la surface de la chambre de mesure (35) recevant le rayonnement émis par le premier ou le deuxième récepteur sensible à la lumière est disposée sensiblement en formant un angle de 90 ° avec l'axe optique respectivement de la première ou de la deuxième source de lumière.
EP89116813A 1988-09-17 1989-09-12 Méthode d'opération d'un détecteur optique de fumée et détecteur de fumée pour la mise en oeuvre de la méthode Expired - Lifetime EP0360126B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89116813T ATE101739T1 (de) 1988-09-17 1989-09-12 Verfahren zum betrieb eines optischen rauchmelders sowie rauchmelder zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3831654 1988-09-17
DE3831654A DE3831654A1 (de) 1988-09-17 1988-09-17 Optischer rauchmelder

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0360126A2 EP0360126A2 (fr) 1990-03-28
EP0360126A3 EP0360126A3 (fr) 1991-02-06
EP0360126B1 true EP0360126B1 (fr) 1994-02-16
EP0360126B2 EP0360126B2 (fr) 1999-04-14

Family

ID=6363155

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89116813A Expired - Lifetime EP0360126B2 (fr) 1988-09-17 1989-09-12 Méthode d'opération d'un détecteur optique de fumée et détecteur de fumée pour la mise en oeuvre de la méthode

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5008559A (fr)
EP (1) EP0360126B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE101739T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1331649C (fr)
DE (2) DE3831654A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2049786T5 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004023524B3 (de) * 2004-05-13 2005-09-15 Job Lizenz Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Erfassung und Meldung von Betauungen in Rauchmeldern
RU2565492C1 (ru) * 2014-11-28 2015-10-20 Санкт-Петербургский филиал ОАО "Воентелеком" Система противопожарной защиты контейнерной базовой несущей конструкции

Families Citing this family (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH683464A5 (de) * 1991-09-06 1994-03-15 Cerberus Ag Optischer Rauchmelder mit aktiver Ueberwachung.
CH684556A5 (de) * 1992-09-14 1994-10-14 Cerberus Ag Optischer Rauchmelder.
DE4333911C2 (de) * 1993-10-05 1998-10-22 Preussag Ag Minimax Optischer Rauchmelder
DE4414166C1 (de) * 1994-04-22 1995-12-07 Lorenz Mesgeraetebau Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung der Lichtstreuung an Partikeln
FR2723233B1 (fr) * 1994-07-29 1996-10-04 Lewiner Jacques Perfectionnements aux detecteurs optiques de fumees
US5581241A (en) * 1994-08-12 1996-12-03 Voice Products Inc. Ultra-sensitive smoke detector
AUPN179995A0 (en) * 1995-03-17 1995-04-13 Vision Systems Limited Improvements relating to gas pollution detection equipment
EP0733894B1 (fr) * 1995-03-24 2003-05-07 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Capteur pour détection des particules fines comme fumée
JPH09270085A (ja) * 1996-04-01 1997-10-14 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk 発煙検知装置
KR100470235B1 (ko) * 1997-05-29 2005-02-07 호치키 가부시키가이샤 광전자 스모크 센서용 광 투사 장치
DE10104861B4 (de) * 2001-02-03 2013-07-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Branderkennung
DE10118913B4 (de) * 2001-04-19 2006-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Streulichtrauchmelder
GB2397122B (en) * 2003-01-03 2006-02-08 David Appleby Fire detector with low false alarm rate
US7034702B2 (en) * 2003-12-23 2006-04-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Optical smoke detector and method of cleaning
DE102004001699A1 (de) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmelder
DE102005025183A1 (de) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-07 Sick Engineering Gmbh Partikelkonzentrations-Messvorrichtung und Justageverfahren hierfür
US8804119B2 (en) * 2008-06-10 2014-08-12 Xtralis Technologies Ltd Particle detection
AU2009290147C1 (en) 2008-09-05 2016-01-21 Garrett Thermal Systems Limited Optical detection of particle characteristics
DE102009054141A1 (de) 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Job Lizenz Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zum Prüfen der Funktion eines Rauchmelders
EP2808669B1 (fr) * 2013-05-31 2015-03-04 Durag GmbH Dispositif de mesure de la lumière diffusée à partir d'un volume de mesure en compensant les signaux d'arrière-plan
DE102014110460B3 (de) * 2014-07-24 2015-05-13 Eq-3 Entwicklung Gmbh Optischer Rauchmelder und Verfahren zur optischen Rauchdetektion
EP3073458A1 (fr) * 2015-03-23 2016-09-28 Siemens Schweiz AG Dispositif d'alerte d'incendie doté d'un agencement à écran diffusant dans la zone d'un orifice d'entrée de fumée destiné à la surveillance de l'encrassement
KR101966492B1 (ko) * 2016-03-25 2019-04-05 현대자동차주식회사 차량용 먼지 센서
DE102017217280A1 (de) * 2017-09-28 2019-03-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Messeinrichtung zur Partikelmessung
EP3791162A1 (fr) * 2018-05-11 2021-03-17 Carrier Corporation Système de détection multipoint
CN110148277B (zh) * 2019-04-20 2021-04-20 北京升哲科技有限公司 一种基于双波长检测的mems烟雾传感器
CN110930630A (zh) * 2019-11-26 2020-03-27 福建好神奇电子科技有限公司 一种烟雾报警器及其方法
CN110930631A (zh) * 2019-11-26 2020-03-27 福建好神奇电子科技有限公司 一种光电式火灾烟雾报警器及其烟雾检测偏差的补偿方法
DE102020206453A1 (de) * 2020-05-25 2021-11-25 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur Verschmutzungserkennung eines Brandmelders, Brandmelder, Computerprogramm und maschinenlesbares Speichermedium

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US242673A (en) * 1881-06-07 John meissner
CH600456A5 (fr) * 1976-12-23 1978-06-15 Cerberus Ag
US4242673A (en) * 1978-03-13 1980-12-30 American District Telegraph Company Optical particle detector
US4232307A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-11-04 American District Telegraph Company Electrical test circuit for optical particle detector
CH655396B (fr) * 1981-11-11 1986-04-15
JPS59187246A (ja) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-24 Nohmi Bosai Kogyo Co Ltd 光電式煙感知器の機能検査装置
DE3334545A1 (de) * 1983-09-23 1985-04-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Optischer rauchmelder
US4857895A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-08-15 Kaprelian Edward K Combined scatter and light obscuration smoke detector

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004023524B3 (de) * 2004-05-13 2005-09-15 Job Lizenz Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Erfassung und Meldung von Betauungen in Rauchmeldern
US7209046B2 (en) 2004-05-13 2007-04-24 Job Lizenz Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for the detection and signaling of dew films in smoke detectors
RU2565492C1 (ru) * 2014-11-28 2015-10-20 Санкт-Петербургский филиал ОАО "Воентелеком" Система противопожарной защиты контейнерной базовой несущей конструкции

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3831654C2 (fr) 1991-06-13
EP0360126B2 (fr) 1999-04-14
US5008559A (en) 1991-04-16
EP0360126A3 (fr) 1991-02-06
ES2049786T5 (es) 1999-08-16
DE3831654A1 (de) 1990-03-22
DE58906980D1 (de) 1994-03-24
CA1331649C (fr) 1994-08-23
ATE101739T1 (de) 1994-03-15
EP0360126A2 (fr) 1990-03-28
ES2049786T3 (es) 1994-05-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0360126B1 (fr) Méthode d'opération d'un détecteur optique de fumée et détecteur de fumée pour la mise en oeuvre de la méthode
DE69519066T2 (de) Aufzugsvorrichtung zur Verhinderung des vorzeitigen Verschlusses von Schiebetüren
EP1865336B1 (fr) Radar à laser à balayage avec un séparateur de faisceau
EP2541273B1 (fr) Détection et détermination de distance d'objets
DE3514982C2 (fr)
DE4328671B4 (de) Streulichtrauchmelder
CH683464A5 (de) Optischer Rauchmelder mit aktiver Ueberwachung.
DE2749494A1 (de) Optischer rauchdetektor
DE9321155U1 (de) Laserabstandsermittlungsvorrichtung
DE3134815C2 (de) Flächensicherung
DE4312186C2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Feststellung von in einem Überwachungsbereich vorhandenen Gegenständen und/oder zur Feststellung deren Position
EP3699638B1 (fr) Capteur optoélectronique et procédé de détection d'un objet
EP3588139A1 (fr) Capteur optoélectronique et procédé de détermination de la distance
CH641584A5 (de) Brandmelder.
EP2093731A1 (fr) Détecteur de fumée optique linéaire doté de plusieurs rayons partiels
DE19745493C2 (de) Vorrichtung zur Sicherung des Rückraumbereiches eines Kraftfahrzeuges
EP1780559B1 (fr) Capteur optique
DE20104248U1 (de) Lichtgitter
EP1087352A1 (fr) Détecteur optique de fumée
EP2703837A1 (fr) Scanner laser de sécurité
DE102008005064B4 (de) Optoelektronisches Detektionsverfahren und optoelektronischer Detektor
DE102017217280A1 (de) Messeinrichtung zur Partikelmessung
DE19619308A1 (de) Kombinations-Lichttaster
DE102006023971B4 (de) Optischer Sensor und Verfahren zum Nachweis von Personen, Tieren oder Gegenständen
DE4333911C2 (de) Optischer Rauchmelder

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910129

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930624

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 101739

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19940315

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 58906980

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940324

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19940330

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2049786

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
ET Fr: translation filed
PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: FRITZ FUSS GMBH & CO.

Effective date: 19941117

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 89116813.0

NLR1 Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo

Opponent name: FRITZ FUSS GMBH & CO.

PLAB Opposition data, opponent's data or that of the opponent's representative modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009299OPPO

PLBQ Unpublished change to opponent data

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OPPO

R26 Opposition filed (corrected)

Opponent name: FRITZ FUSS GMBH & CO.

Effective date: 19941117

NLR1 Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo

Opponent name: FRITZ FUSS GMBH & CO.

PLAW Interlocutory decision in opposition

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IDOP

APAC Appeal dossier modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS NOAPO

APAE Appeal reference modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS REFNO

APAC Appeal dossier modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS NOAPO

APAC Appeal dossier modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS NOAPO

PLAW Interlocutory decision in opposition

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IDOP

PUAH Patent maintained in amended form

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009272

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: PATENT MAINTAINED AS AMENDED

27A Patent maintained in amended form

Effective date: 19990414

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: AEN

Free format text: AUFRECHTERHALTUNG DES PATENTES IN GEAENDERTER FORM

GBTA Gb: translation of amended ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(b)/1977)
NLR2 Nl: decision of opposition
NLR3 Nl: receipt of modified translations in the netherlands language after an opposition procedure
ET3 Fr: translation filed ** decision concerning opposition
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PUE

Owner name: DIPL.-ING. HARTWIG BEYERSDORF TRANSFER- JOB LIZENZ

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: DC2A

Kind code of ref document: T5

Effective date: 19990624

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20050705

Year of fee payment: 17

APAH Appeal reference modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCREFNO

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20060627

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20060711

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20060809

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20060906

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20060922

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20060930

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20061002

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20061110

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PCAR

Free format text: ISLER & PEDRAZZINI AG;POSTFACH 1772;8027 ZUERICH (CH)

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20060907

Year of fee payment: 18

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: *JOB LIZENZ G.M.B.H. & CO. K.G.

Effective date: 20070930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070913

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20070912

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070912

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070930

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080401

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20080531

PLAB Opposition data, opponent's data or that of the opponent's representative modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009299OPPO

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20071001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070912

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20080917

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20070913

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070913

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070912

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070912

NLV7 Nl: ceased due to reaching the maximum lifetime of a patent

Effective date: 20090912

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20090912