EP0358046A1 - Dumping mechanism for emptying receptacles through the opening of collecting containers, especially for emptying waste receptacles into the container of a waste collection vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

An improved lifting and tilting device for emptying garbage containers into the pour-in opening of a garbage truck. The device comprises a quadrangle of joints of a collapsible frame which carries the container during the emptying process. An upper bar of the quadrange is coupled to a swivel drive while another member of the quadrangle can grip and support the garbage container. Through appropriate locking devices the quadrangle becomes a quasi-rigid unit with the gripped container to effect the emptying, said quasi-rigid unit being dissolved only during the downward swivel motion of the upper bar prior to putting the container down.

Description

The invention relates to a lifting and tipping device for emptying containers into the pouring opening of a collecting container, in particular for emptying garbage containers into the collecting container of a refuse collection vehicle, in which a four-bar linkage with an upper and a lower handlebar is provided, which to form the four articulation points with one Receiving emptying container and during the emptying process until the emptied container is held, the lifting and tipping frame is connected to a rear articulated lever opposite this, a controlled drive device for generating the lifting and tilting movement inserted between the upper link of the four-bar linkage and the collecting container is provided .

In known from DE-PS 12 01 756 and DE-PS 12 40 776 lifting and tilting devices of this type, a four-bar linkage carrying the lifting and tipping frame is attached to a swivel arm which is pivotally mounted in the region of the pouring opening, the relative lifting movement of the lifting and tipping frame with respect to the swivel arm being achieved a cylinder-piston arrangement and the pivoting movement of the swivel arm about its horizontal swivel shaft are generated by a swivel drive device.

It is also known from DE-PS 26 54 542 and DE-AS 12 66 213, in lifting and tilting devices of this type, a single cylinder-piston arrangement for generating both the lifting movements and the tilting movements provide, according to DE-PS 26 54 542 this cylinder-piston arrangement to attack on the lower or optionally on the upper handlebar and according to DE-AS 12 66 213 on the upper handlebar. According to both previous publications, the cylinder-piston arrangement is to be supported at its other end on the collecting container or on elements which are fastened to the collecting container.

While training in accordance with DE-PS 12 01 756 and DE-PS 12 40 776 two separate drive devices and the workflow and the sequence of these drive devices ensuring control devices are required, which require considerable device effort, it is with lift and tilt devices according to DE-PS 26 54 542 and 12 66 213 not possible to design the lifting and tipping device as a closed unit, which is to be mounted as such on the collecting container, because the articulated support of the cylinder-piston arrangement on the collecting container represents an additional assembly point with the need for coordination with respect to the swivel axis position of the swivel arm.

In a lifting and tipping device known from DE-0S 33 19 644, the rear articulated lever opposite the lifting and tipping frame in the articulated quadrilateral is also designed as a swivel arm which is extended upwards beyond the articulated quadrilateral and is pivotably mounted about a horizontal axis below the pouring opening. In this case, the drive device for the lifting and tilting device consists of a cylinder-piston arrangement which is designed with a telescopic cylinder and which can be pivoted at the lower end with the lifting and tilting frame and at the upper end with a fixed one on the collecting container attached bracket is articulated. The arrangement of the drive device designed in this way is laterally outside the surface area of the pouring opening. The drive device designed as a telescopic cylinder thus extends along the operating area of the switching and control devices of the lifting and tilting device and, as a result, increases the risk for the operating personnel. In addition, the drive device designed as a telescopic cylinder is expensive and complex.

In all of the known lifting and tipping devices mentioned above, the formation of the rear articulated lever opposite the lifting and tipping frame as a pivoting arm which projects beyond the four-bar linkage and is articulated on the collecting container means that the overlap of the pouring opening with the circular tilting path of the container to be emptied is relatively small. The edge of the container is therefore guided just above the swivel axis of the swivel arm over the edge of the pouring opening. An inclined sliding wall leading into the interior of the collecting container is therefore required, via which the material falling from the container slides into the interior of the collecting container.

The object of the invention is to provide a significantly improved lifting and tipping device for emptying containers, with which, with the least possible mechanical outlay, a wide coverage of the pouring opening with the path of movement of the container to be emptied and thus a direct pouring of the container contents into the collecting container is possible . The lifting and tipping device is intended to be a compact unit which can be installed in a simple manner and with little space requirement in the area of the pouring opening.

This object is achieved in that the drive device is attached to the swivel drive device in the area of the pouring opening and the upper link is non-positively connected to this swivel device, while the rear articulated lever of the four-bar linkage is also pivotally attached to the swivel drive device and in the initial position against one in the area of the The support element attached to the pouring opening forms a supporting arm.

By designing the drive device as a swivel drive device and the direct non-positive connection of the upper link with this swivel drive device, on the one hand an improved efficiency of power transmission from the drive device to the upper link is achieved and on the other hand the coverage of the pouring opening through the circular path of movement of the container to be emptied is considerably increased. The rear articulated lever and the lower handlebar only take over the guiding and supporting functions for the lifting and tipping frame and the container it holds. The device according to the invention is also characterized by a clear construction and high operational reliability.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper link and the support arm are mounted coaxially pivotable in the area of the pivot drive device, the upper link having its non-positive connection with the drive device in the common pivot axis formed by the coaxial bearing has, while the support arm is freely pivoted within a specified swivel range. In this embodiment, the lifting and tipping device according to the invention can be designed particularly advantageously as a self-contained unit that only requires a single attachment point, namely the attachment point of the swivel drive device in the area of the pouring opening. For example, the swivel drive device can be arranged in the region of at least one vertical side edge of the pouring opening. This arrangement offers the advantage that the lifting and tipping device leaves practically the entire pouring opening free in its starting position, so that the filling of such goods which are not brought into containers, for example bulky goods or filled garbage bags, can be introduced into the pouring opening unhindered.

When attaching the swivel drive device in the area of at least one vertical side edge of the pouring opening, the safe emptying of containers which have been accommodated by the lifting and tipping frame can be ensured in a particularly simple manner in that the upper link extends essentially horizontally and parallel to the plane of the pouring opening has fixed support leg, on which the lift and tilt frame is pivotally attached to form one of the four joints of the four-bar linkage. Advantageously, the carrier leg can extend laterally in a crank-like manner from the upper link in the region of the pouring opening. The support arm can also be arranged in the region of the same vertical side edge of the pour-in opening as the upper link and, in its lower region in the starting position, can be cranked towards the center of the lifting / tilting frame. The support arm can also be provided with an abutment element forming the lower limit of the swivel range, which at the same time contains the devices for the pivotable mounting of the lower link forming one of the four articulation points. The abutment element of the support arm and the lower link should preferably lie essentially in the central plane of the lifting and tilting frame parallel to the direction of movement. In this way, a particularly stable position of the lifting and tipping frame in its initial position, particularly safe holding of the containers to be emptied by the lifting and tipping frame and safe guidance of the received containers during the emptying process are ensured.

A further significant improvement in the guidance of the container during the emptying process can be achieved if the four-bar linkage, one of which is in the area of the swivel drive device, is brought into a more or less wide, open, mutual position of the four articulated levers in the course of the upward movement of the upper link and is locked in such a position against further mutual pivoting of the parts of the four-bar linkage. This can be achieved in the context of the invention in that a limiting device which becomes effective in the course of the upward movement of the upper link is provided and prevents further mutual pivoting of the four-bar linkage. In its simplest form, this limiting device can have two stop elements that meet in the course of the upward movement of the upper link, one of which is arranged on the upper link and the other on the tilt-and-lift frame. The limiting device can be designed to be adjustable so that the lifting movement or the transition point between the lifting process can be carried out in this way and to be able to adjust the tilting process.

Furthermore, an additional articulated quadrilateral locking which takes effect in the course of the upward movement of the upper link can be provided, which fixes the lifting and tipping frame and the upper link in a mutual position during the further upward movement. As a result, the four-bar linkage forms a quasi-rigid structure during the tilting process, the articulated levers of which are held in their mutual position. In a particularly simple embodiment, this additional four-bar lock can contain a controlled locking hook that holds the stop elements together. For example, for this purpose the locking hook can be pivoted in and out of the operative position and can have a gravity arm which causes its pivoting movement.

As a further essential addition, within the scope of the invention, a device which locks the accommodated container in the course of the upward movement of the upper link on the lifting and tilting frame can be provided, which is actuated on account of the mutual pivoting movement of the parts of the four-bar linkage. In a preferred embodiment, this locking device for the container has a locking bar that can be pivoted over the edge of the container. For their actuation, the locking device can contain, for example, an actuating device which has at least one roller and cam arranged on the upper link and on the lifting and tilting frame. The actuating device for the locking device for the locking device can also be on one of the Handlebar provided linkage. For example, the locking device for the container can also have a one-armed lever which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis and carries the locking bar and which can be pivoted into the locking position against the force of a return device by means of an actuating element attached to the upper link of the four-bar arrangement. A safety device can be provided which holds the one-armed lever and / or its actuating element in the locked position as long as the four-bar arrangement is in an upper operating position.

As a further supplementary device, a retaining lock can be provided for the support arm, which can only be released by the relative movement of the four-bar parts after these parts have left their lower range of motion when pivoting upward. This retention lock prevents the support arm from pivoting upwards even at the beginning of the movement sequence, as a result of which a pivoting movement of the four-bar arrangement begins in the stretched state. Such pivoting of the four-bar arrangement in the extended state would result in the container to be emptied being pushed away in front of the lifting and tipping frame instead of being picked up by the lifting and tipping frame. A spring-mounted retaining hook, which extends over part of the support arm, can be provided on the device frame and an actuating cam lifting the retaining hook on the lower link of the four-bar arrangement for the formation of this retaining lock.

The lifting and tipping device according to the invention can be designed as a simple pouring device. However, further developed embodiments are also conceivable in the form of two simple pouring devices arranged next to one another or in the form of a twin arrangement, wherein the twin arrangement can optionally be adjustable for independent operation or joint operation of the two lifting and tilting devices.

For example, in a further developed embodiment of the lifting and tipping device according to the invention, two lifting and tipping devices embodied in mirror image to one another can be fitted in the area of a pouring opening, one on each vertical side edge of the pouring opening. The gripping devices for the containers to be emptied, which are provided on the lifting and tipping frames of the two lifting and tipping devices, can be coordinated with one another in such a way that smaller containers can be picked up by one lifting and tipping frame and larger containers can be picked up by both lifting and tipping frames, and the swivel drive devices of both lifting and tilting devices can be activated either in synchronism or separately . In another further developed embodiment of the lifting and tipping device according to the invention, the upper link can be formed between two parallel link levers and a support leg extending between the two link levers essentially horizontally and parallel to the plane of the pouring opening, the two steering levers being pivotably mounted on a vertical side edge of the pouring opening and the support leg or the lifting / tilting frame attached to it extends essentially over the entire width of the pouring opening. For driving one Such a further developed lifting and tipping device according to the invention can be provided such that only one of the control arm of the upper control arm is connected to a swivel drive device and the second control arm is freely pivotable. But it is also conceivable that both handlebar levers of the upper link are each connected to a swivel drive device and both swivel drive devices are equipped with a common control device. In this latter embodiment of the drive device, a more favorable, symmetrical flow of force from the swivel drive devices to the lifting and tipping frame can be achieved.

Since in the context of the invention the support arm and the lower link practically only have guiding and supporting functions, a support arm common to both handlebar levers and a common lower link can be provided in the further developed embodiment of the lifting and tipping device according to the invention with the lifting and tipping frame extending over the width of the pouring opening . The common support arm can be pivotally mounted on a vertical side edge of the pouring opening and be bent at its lower part to substantially the vertical central plane of the pouring opening, while the common lower link is arranged essentially in the vertical central plane of the pouring opening.

The lifting and tipping device according to the invention can be attached to the rear of the collecting container in refuse collection vehicles, in a similar manner to conventional lifting and tipping devices. Due to the special design of the lifting and tipping device according to the invention, however, it is also used on side-loading refuse collection vehicles possible, both in the embodiment as a simple lifting and tilting device and in one or the other further developed embodiment. When used on side loader refuse collection vehicles, it is advisable for the lifting and tipping device according to the invention to arrange the drive axis of the swivel drive device at such a height above the lower edge of the pouring opening and offset so far inward in relation to the outer edge of the vehicle that in the initial position all parts of the lifting and tipping device are behind the vehicle. Outside edge are arranged.

• Fig. 1 eine für ein Seitenlader-Müllfahrzeug vorgesehene Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkippvorrichtung in Seitenansicht, wobei die Ausgangsstellung, die Übergangsstellung zwischen Hubvorgang und Kippvorgang und die Einkipp-Endstellung angedeutet sind;
• Fig. 2 die Hubkippvorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 in seitlicher Draufsicht;
• Fig. 3 den Hubkipprahmen sowie Teile des oberen und unteren Lenkers mit daran angeordneten Verriegelungseinrichtungen in Ausgangsstellung, vergrößert in Seitenansicht;
• Fig. 4 den Hubkipprahmen mit Müllgefäß und den Verriegelungseinrichtungen in Einkipp-Endstellung, vergrößert in Seitenansicht;
• Fig. 5 eine schematische Darstellung einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform der Verriegelungsvorrichtung für den zu entleerenden Behälter in Seitenansicht;
• Fig. 6 eine schematische Darstellung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Verriegelungsvorrichtung für den zu entleerenden Behälter in Seitenansicht in unterer Betriebsstellung der Hubkippvorrichtung;
• Fig. 7 die Verriegelungsvorrichtung nach Figur 6 in angehobener Stellung der Hubkippvorrichtung;
• Fig. 8 die Verriegelungsvorrichtung gemäß Figur 6 und 7 in Einkipp-Endstellung der Hubkippvorrichtung;
• Fig. 9 den Ausschnitt 9 aus Figur 1 in vergrößerter Darstellung für eine Hubkippvorrichtung mit Rückhaltesperre für den Abstützarm mit dem unteren Lenker der Viergelenkanordnung in unterer Ausgangsstellung (voll ausgezeichnet) und bezüglich des Abstützarmes nach oben geschwenkter Stellung (gestrichelt dargestellt);
• Fig. 10 eine weitergebildete Ausführungsform der Erfindung als Zwillings-Hubkippvorrichtung in entsprechender Darstellung wie Figur 2;
• Fig. 11 eine weitergebildete Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit sich im wesentlichen über die gesamte Breite der Einschüttöffnung erstreckendem Hubkipprahmen und
• Fig. 12 eine erfindungsgemäße Hubkippvorrichtung ähnlich derjenigen nach Figur 11, jedoch nur mit einer einzigen Schwenktriebvorrichtung.

Embodiments of the lifting and tipping device according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

• 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of the lifting and tipping device according to the invention for a side-loading refuse vehicle, the starting position, the transition position between the lifting process and the tilting process and the tipping end position being indicated;
• 2 shows the lifting and tipping device according to FIG. 1 in a side plan view;
• 3 shows the lifting and tilting frame and parts of the upper and lower links with locking devices arranged thereon in the starting position, enlarged in a side view;
• Figure 4 shows the lifting and tipping frame with the waste container and the locking devices in the tilt-in end position, enlarged in a side view;
• Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a modified embodiment of the Locking device for the container to be emptied in side view;
• 6 shows a schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment of the locking device for the container to be emptied in a side view in the lower operating position of the lifting and tilting device;
• 7 shows the locking device according to FIG. 6 in the raised position of the lifting and tilting device;
• 8 shows the locking device according to FIGS. 6 and 7 in the tilt-in end position of the lifting and tilting device;
• 9 shows the detail 9 from FIG. 1 in an enlarged representation for a lifting and tipping device with a retaining lock for the support arm with the lower link of the four-bar arrangement in the lower starting position (fully excellent) and with respect to the support arm pivoted upward position (shown in broken lines);
• 10 shows a further developed embodiment of the invention as a twin lifting and tilting device in a representation corresponding to FIG. 2;
• 11 shows a further developed embodiment of the invention with a lifting and tipping frame which extends essentially over the entire width of the pouring opening and
• 12 shows a lifting and tilting device according to the invention similar to that according to FIG. 11, but only with a single swivel drive device.

In the example of FIGS. 1 to 4, there is a lifting and tipping device 10 which is attached to the pouring opening of the collecting container 12 of a side-loading refuse vehicle. The lifting and tipping device 10 has a four-bar linkage consisting of a lifting and tipping frame 13, an upper link 14, a lower link 15 and a support arm 16. A swivel drive device 17 with an upper and lower cylinder-piston arrangement 18a and 18b arranged coaxially to one another and a rack-and-pinion gear 19 with a drive shaft 20 actuated by the two cylinder-piston arrangements 18a and 18b serves as the drive device of the lifting and tilting device the drive shaft 20 is positively attached to the upper link 14. The support arm 16 is freely rotatable on the drive shaft 20 and thus coaxial with the upper link 14. In this way, the swivel drive device 17 forms, together with the four-bar linkage, a closed unit which is to be attached in the region of the pouring opening 11. In the example shown, this attachment is carried out by fastening the swivel drive device 17 to a vertical edge 21 of the pouring opening 11 (to a corresponding stiffening part provided there).
The upper link 14 has a link lever 22 which is attached at one end to the drive shaft 20 of the swivel drive device 17. At the other end, the control arm 22 carries a support leg 23, which is tubular and is firmly connected to the control arm 22. As particularly shown in FIG. 2, the handlebar lever extends in the lateral area of the pouring opening 11 at a short distance next to the swivel drive device 17 during the Carrier legs 23 extend laterally in a crank-shaped, self-supporting manner from the control lever 22 into the region of the pouring opening 11. On the support leg 23 two bearing eye tabs 24 are attached, on which the lifting and tilting frame 13 is articulated with its upper part to form one of the four joints of the four-bar linkage. The lower part of the lifting and tilting frame 13 is articulated at the free end of the lower link 15, which in turn is connected in an articulated manner to the lower end of the support arm 16 with its other end in the example shown. This articulated connection 25 between the lower link 15 and the support arm 16 is also designed as the lower limit of the pivoting range for the support arm 16 forming abutment element 26.

The support arm 16 extends in its upper part from its position on the drive shaft 20 next to the articulated lever 22 of the upper link 14 and is bent in its lower part, such that the articulation point 25 formed at its lower end and the lower link 15 in the central plane 27 of the lifting and tilting frame 13.

The lifting and tilting frame is provided in a manner known per se with a support beam 28 and an abutment element 29 for the container to be emptied, for example a waste container 30.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, a limiting device 31 which is effective in the quadrilateral joint is provided, which becomes effective in the course of the upward movement of the upper link 14 and prevents further pivoting of the parts of the quadrilateral joint. This limiting device 31 contains a block-shaped one attached to the lifting / tilting frame 13 Stop element 32 and a plate-shaped stop element 33 attached to at least one of the bearing eye brackets 24. As FIG. 1 shows, these two stop elements 32 and 33 meet one another in a middle pivot position of the upper link 14, ie a middle lifting position of the lifting and tilting frame 13, and thereby prevent pivot the parts of the four-bar linkage in their four joints relative to one another when the upper link 14 is pivoted further upwards. In order to be able to change or adjust that middle pivot position of the upper link 14, one or the other of the two stop elements 32, 33 can be designed to be adjustable.

In cooperation with this limiting device 31, an additional four-bar linkage 34 is provided, which in the example shown contains a locking hook 35 which, after the two stop elements 32 and 33 meet, holds the plate-shaped stop element of the upper link 14 on the block-shaped stop element of the lifting / tilting frame. For this purpose, the locking hook 35 is pivotally mounted on the lifting and tilting frame 13 about a horizontal axis and carries a gravity arm 36.

Furthermore, a locking device 37 for the container 30 is provided in the four-bar linkage, which is moved into the locking position in the course of the upward pivoting movement of the upper link 14 by the mutual pivoting of the parts of the four-bar linkage. In the example in FIGS. 3 and 4, a locking bar 38 which can be pivoted over the edge of the container is mounted on the lifting and tilting frame 13 about a horizontal axis 39, and on its rear side with an arcuate actuating cam 40 Mistake. On the upper link 14, in the present example specifically on at least one of the bearing eye brackets 24, an actuating roller 41 is attached, on which the actuating cam 40 runs when the upper link 14 and the tilt-and-lift frame 13 are pivoted relative to one another, about which the locking bar 38 counteracts the action of a return spring 42 pivots over the edge of the container 30 to be emptied.

As indicated in Figure 5, instead of the cam 40 and the actuating roller 41, an actuating lever 43 can also be provided, which is connected to a pull rod 44, for example, acting on the lower handlebar, in order to move the locking bar 38 into the locking position in the pivoted-apart position of the parts of the four-bar linkage to draw.

The operation of the lifting and tipping device according to the invention is as follows:

In the starting position (Figures 1 to 3), the upper link 14 is pivoted downwards. The support arm 16 is also pivoted downward and lies with its abutment element 26 on a stop element 45, which in the example shown extends over the entire width of the pouring opening 11 along its lower edge. From the hinge 25 contained in the abutment 26, the lower link 15 extends down to the lower hinge point of the lifting and tilting frame 13. As shown in FIG. 1, the parts of the hinge quadrilateral are pivoted so that the hinge quadrilateral is folded and all parts the lifting and tipping device 10 are withdrawn behind the outer edge 46 of the refuse vehicle 12.

A container 30 to be emptied is brought into the position shown in FIG. 1 to the garbage truck 12 and set up there. When the lifting and tilting device is switched on, the cylinder piston arrangement 18a of the swivel drive device 17 is supplied with pressure medium. The upper link 14 is pivoted upwards. The lifting and tilting frame is raised from its initial position and guided with its upper joint along the circular path 47 extending around the pivot axis of the upper link 14 and with its lower joint along the circular path 48 extending around the joint 25 until the lifting and tilting frame 13 is below the upper edge of the Container 30 engages and picks up the container. As the comparison of the two circular paths 47 and 48 shows, during this movement phase the lifting and tilting frame 13 is held in its almost vertical position, but approximately inclined towards the container 30, until the pivoting position of the upper link 14 is approximately in the center, as indicated in FIG. 1 In this position, the two stop elements 32 and 33 meet on the upper link 14 and on the lifting and tilting frame 13 and thereby prevent further mutual pivoting of the upper link 14, lower link 15, lifting and tilting frame 13 and support arm 16. The two stop elements 32 and 33 are first by the Weight of the container, the lifting and tilting frame 13 and the lower link 15 held together. When pivoting further upward, however, the locking hook 35 is pivoted by its gravity arm 36 so that it engages over the plate-shaped stop element 33 on the upper link 14 and thereby separating the stop elements 32 and 33 for the further upward pivoting movement of the upper link 14 into the tilt-in end position holds together.

As soon as the upper link 14 approaches its middle pivot position indicated in FIG. 1, the actuating roller 41 runs along the cam 40 due to the relative pivoting movement of the upper link 14 and lifting and tilting frame 13 and thereby pivots the locking bar 38 while tensioning the return spring 42 (FIGS. 3 and 4) ) over the top of the container 30.

During the further upward pivoting movement of the upper link 14, what the upper link 14, the lower link 15, the lift-and-tilt frame 13 with the container 30 locked to it and the support arm 16 are pivoted as a quasi-rigid unit into their tip-in end position. The joint pivoting takes place about the pivot axis of the upper link 14, so that the further path of movement of the lower joint on the lifting and tilting frame 13 is a circular arc 49 turned around the pivot axis of the upper link 14.

As FIG. 1 shows, the opening edge of the container 30 with its pouring area is pivoted into the interior of the collecting container 12 by an overlap dimension 50. The overlap dimension 50 achieved with the lifting and tilting device is so large that filling chutes or other auxiliary devices which guide the contents of the container into the interior of the collecting container 12 at the pouring opening 11 are not required.

The container 30 to be emptied can be shaken by briefly pivoting the upper link 14 back and forth. Such shaking does not release the locks explained above. Rather, the quadrilateral remains rigid in itself and the locking of the container 30 on the lifting and tipping frame 13 is closed.

By applying pressure medium to the cylinder-piston arrangement 18a, the upper link 14 is pivoted back. In the middle pivot position indicated in FIG. 1, the locking hook 35 releases the plate-shaped stop 33. The limit stops 32 and 33 separate from each other. The lifting and tipping frame 13 is pressed downward in a substantially vertical position, after the emptied container has been tilted, during the further downward pivoting movement of the upper link 14, thereby sets the container 30 on the ground, then releases the container and moves behind the outer edge 46 of the vehicle back.

In the variant according to FIG. 5, when the upper link 14 approaches its central position indicated in FIG. 1, the actuating lever 43 of the locking bar 38 is pulled away from the lifting and tilting frame 13 against the action of the return spring 42 by the linkage 44 articulated on the lower link 15. As a result, the locking bar 38 pivots about its axis 39 in the locking position. If, after the container has been emptied, the upper link 14 runs below its middle position indicated in FIG. 1 when pivoting backwards, the distance between the upper part of the lifting and tilting frame 13 and the lower link 15 becomes smaller. The linkage 44 allows the locking bar to move back into its unlocked position under the action of its return spring 42. In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, a four-bar linkage lock is provided in the same way as in the example of FIGS. 3 and 4, but is not shown for the sake of clarity.

FIGS. 6 to 8 show a preferred embodiment for the locking device 37 in the lower starting position, a middle raised position and the tilting-in end position of the lifting and tilting device. In this embodiment, the locking device 37 has a one-armed lever 51 which is pivotally mounted on its one end about a horizontal axis 52 on the lifting and tipping frame 13 and carries a locking bar 38 at its free end. The one-armed lever 51 is held in its end locking position defined by a limiting device, in which it is pivoted so far backwards with respect to the lifting and tilting frame that the locking bar 38 attached to the lifting and tilting frame 13 for the container to be accommodated by means of a return device, particularly a resilient return device, indicated at 53 Exposing elements 54 for placing and removing a container are exposed. Similar to the examples according to FIGS. 1 to 4, the upper link 14 carries at its free end a bearing eye plate 24 provided with a stop element 33. As in the example in FIGS. 1 to 4, the stop element 33 is provided so that it is in the raised position of the lifting and tipping frame 13 to limit the mutual pivoting of the upper link 14 and the lifting and tipping frame 13 to a stop element 32 attached to the lifting and tipping frame 13. In the example of FIGS. 6 to 8, however, the stop element 33 of the upper link 14 is designed such that it extends beyond the stop element 32 of the lifting and tilting frame 13 and, before meeting the latter, meets the one-armed lever 51 arranged next to it. In the subsequent phase of mutual pivoting of the upper link 14 and Lift-tilt frame 13, the one-armed lever 51 is pivoted forwards against the force of its return device 53 with respect to the lift-tilt frame 13 by the stop element 33 until the rear edge of the one-arm lever 51 or an abutment element attached to it lies in the rear surface of the stop element 32 and the stop element 33 is supported on the stop element 32. This mutual position of the two stop elements 32 and 33 and the one-armed lever 51 is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In the position of the one-armed lever 51 pivoted forward with respect to the lifting and tipping frame 13, the locking bar 38 is moved into the locking position via the receiving elements 54 of the lifting and tipping frame 13 and over the edge of a container or waste container 30 accommodated by the lifting and tipping frame 13. If the two stops 32 and 33 are separated from each other again, the resetting device 53 causes the one-armed lever 51 to pivot back and thus to move the locking bar 38 back into the final locking position.

In a similar way as in the example of FIGS. 3 and 4, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 to 8, a locking and securing hook 35 is mounted on the lifting and tilting frame 13 so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis and is equipped with a gravity arm. As particularly shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, this locking and securing hook 35 moves when the lifting and tilting frame 13 is pivoted upward from the starting position shown in FIG. 6 into a locking and securing position in which it moves via a securing element 55 the bearing eye tab 24 or the stop element 33 of the upper link 14 engages. As a result, the two stop elements 32 and 33 are held securely together and the one-armed lever 51 is held securely in the position pivoted forwards with respect to the lifting / tilting frame 13 or in the locking position of the locking bar 38. This locking and securing remains in place as long as the lifting and tilting frame 13 is in an inclined position and in particular also in the tipping end position. When the lifting and tilting frame changes again from its inclined position into a substantially vertical position when pivoting back, the locking and securing hook 35 is pivoted back again by its gravity arm so that it releases the securing element 55. It can then pivot during the further downward movement of the upper link 14 and the lift and tilt frame 13 against each other, that is, separate the stop elements 32 and 33, at the same time the one-armed lever 51 is then pivoted back by its return device 53 into the starting position in which the locking bar 38 the edge of the waste container releases.

FIG. 9 shows an advantageous additional measure in the lifting and tilting device shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 and FIGS. 10 to 12, namely a restraint lock for the support arm. If such a restraint is not available, it can happen that when the lifting and tilting device moves from its lower starting position shown in FIG. 1, a pivoting movement of the freely pivoting support arm also begins, so that the entire four-bar arrangement of the lifting and tilting device is closed like a one-armed lever moves the waste container 30 to be emptied and pushes it away in front of it instead of taking it up. By holding the support arm 16 in the initial movement, the four-bar linkage becomes arrangement forced that a mutual pivoting of the handlebars 14, 15 and the lifting and tipping frame 13 and thus a lifting movement of the lifting and tipping frame 13 begins. To secure this desired movement sequence, a retaining lock 56 is provided, which holds the support arm 16 on the device frame or the stop element 45 attached to the device frame until the lower link 15 has been pivoted sufficiently far upwards in the articulated connection 25 so that the lifting and tilting frame 13 does it Garbage container 30 has received. In the example shown in FIG. 9, retaining hook 57 is attached to a bearing block 58 placed on the stop element 45 so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis. In the example shown, this retaining hook 57 engages over the abutment element 26 attached to the support arm 16. In order to ensure that the retaining hook engages securely on the abutment element 26, the abutment hook 57 can be provided with a retaining spring. At its free end, the retaining hook 57 has an actuating arm 59 which interacts with an actuating cam 60 attached to the lower link. The actuating arm 59 is arranged obliquely and is of sufficient length so that the abutment element 26 lifts the retaining hook 57 when the support lever 16 is pivoted back and can move into its locked position under it. To ensure this function, a limit stop 61 can be attached to the bracket 58, which holds the retaining hook in its ready position.

When the lifting and tipping device begins to move from its initial position shown in FIG. 1, the support arm 16 is first held on its abutment element 26 by means of the retaining hook 57 in contact with the stop element 45 attached to the device frame. This results in the desired pivoting movement of the handlebars and the lifting / tilting frame, the lower link 15 pivoting upward in its articulated connection 25 until it bumps with the actuating cam 60 against the actuating arm 59 of the retaining hook 57 and lifts it out of the locking position. With the further movement of the lifting and tilting device, pivoting of the support arm 16 then begins, so that its abutment element 26 moves away under the retaining hook 57. The actuating cam 60 runs from the actuating arm 59, and the retaining hook 57 falls back into its ready position at the limit stop. During the backward movement of the lifting and tilting device, the abutment 26 of the support arm 16 hits the actuating arm 59 and thereby lifts the retaining hook 57 in order to move below it into the starting position. The retaining hook 57 then falls into its retaining position via the abutment element 26 or is pressed into this retaining position by its return spring. Since the retaining hook is raised by the abutment element 26 during the backward movement of the support arm, the actuating cam 60 of the lower link 15 remains ineffective during this part of the movement sequence.

In the example in FIG. 10, a pair of lifting and tilting devices 10a and 10b is attached in mirror image fashion to the two vertical edges 21a and 21b in the region of the pouring opening 11. Either of these two Lift and tilt devices 10a and 10b have their own swivel drive devices 17a and 17b. These two swivel drive devices 17a and 17b are connected to a pressure medium control which enables the simultaneous operation of both swivel drive devices 17a and 17b in synchronism or separate operation of the swivel drive devices 17a and 17b. To empty larger containers, they can be exposed to the support beams 28a and 28b together and the swivel drive devices 17a and 17b switched on for operation in synchronism. The upper links 14a and 14b thereby enable very precise, uniform swiveling up and thus very precise, uniform lifting and tipping of a large vessel. For the rest, the mode of operation of each individual lift and tilt device 10a and 10b is explained in the same way as above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5.

In the example in FIG. 11, a swivel drive 17c and 17d is attached to each vertical edge 21a and 21b of the pouring opening 11. Both swivel drive devices 17c and 17d belong to a common lifting and tilting device 10c, which is equipped with a single lifting and tilting frame 13c. For this purpose, an upper link 14c and 14d is non-positively attached to each of the swivel drives 17c and 17d. Both upper links 14c and 14d have a common support arm 23c. On this common support arm 23c, a common support beam 28c is pivotally mounted about a horizontal shaft, which extends practically over the entire width of the pouring opening 11. An abutment beam 29c for the containers to be emptied is attached below the support beam 28c. The wide lifting and tilting frame 13c thus formed has only a lower link 15c as a connection to the support arm 16c. This only lower link 15c is in the central axis 27c of the lift and tilt frame 13c arranged. There is also only a single support arm 16c which, in the example shown, is freely pivotably mounted on the drive shaft 20c of the swivel drive device 17c. Accordingly, the lower cranked region of the support arm 16c is drawn into the central plane 27c of the lifting and tilting frame 13c, that is to say approximately into the central plane of the pouring opening 11. The swivel drive device 17d only carries the upper link 14d, which is non-positively attached there, on its shorter drive shaft 20d. Naturally, the two swivel drive devices 17c and 17d can only be operated in synchronism. Otherwise, the operation of the lifting and tipping device 10c according to FIG. 7 is analogous to that of the lifting and tipping device 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 5.

In the example in FIG. 12, the lifting and tilting device 10e differs from the lifting and tilting device in accordance with FIG. 7 in that only one swivel drive device 17e is provided. On the drive shaft 20e of the swivel drive device 17e, the upper link 14e is non-positively attached and the one support arm 16e is pivotally mounted. On the second vertical side edge 21b of the pouring opening 11, only a journal 20f is attached, on which the second upper link 14f and the second support arm 16f are pivotably mounted. The use of two support arms 16e and 16f, which are bent less sharply towards the center of the pouring opening 11, offers the advantage that with the one-sided power supply provided in this embodiment of the lifting and tilting device 10e, the guidance of the wide lifting and tilting frame 13e practically has two articulated quadrilaterals arranged next to one another, that is to say two upper links 14e and 14f, two support arms 16e and 16f and two lower links 15e and 15f takes place and is therefore safer and more appropriate to the one-sided power supply. Otherwise, the mode of operation of the lifting and tilting device 10e in this embodiment is the same as that explained above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5.

Reference symbol list:

• 10, a, b, c, e lifting and tipping device
• 11 pouring opening
• 12 collecting containers
• 13, c, e lift and tilt frame
• 14, a, b, e, f, c, d, upper handlebar
• 15, c, e, f lower handlebars
• 16, e, f, c support arm
• 17, a, b, c, d, e swivel drive device
• 18 a, b cylinder-piston arrangement
• 19 rack and pinion drives
• 20, c, d, f, e drive shaft
• 21, a, b vertical edge
• 22 handlebar levers
• 23, c support legs
• 24 bearing eye tab
• 25 articulated connection
• 26, c abutment element
• 27, c middle plane
• 28, a, b, c support beams
• 29, c abutment element
• 30 garbage can
• 31 limiting device
• 32 stop element
• 33 stop element
• 34 Quadrilateral locking device
• 35 locking hooks
• 36 gravity arm
• 37 locking device
• 38 locking bar
• 39 horizontal axis
• 40 actuation cams
• 41 actuating roller
• 42 return spring
• 43 operating lever
• 44 drawbars
• 45 stop element
• 46 outer edge
• 47 circular path
• 48 circular path
• 49 circular path
• 50 coverage measure
• 51 one-armed lever
• 52 horizontal axis
• 53 reset device
• 54 receiving elements
• 55 securing element
• 56 Restraint lock
• 57 retaining hooks
• 58 bearing block
• 59 operating arm
• 60 actuation cams
• 61 Limit stop

Claims (32)

1) Lift-and-tilt device for emptying containers into the pouring opening of a collecting container, in particular for emptying garbage containers into the collecting container of a refuse collection vehicle, in which a four-bar linkage with an upper and a lower link is provided, forming the four articulation points with one of the containers to be emptied receiving and during the emptying process until the emptying of the container holding the lifting and tipping frame and a opposing rear articulated lever are connected, whereby a force-fitted between the upper link of the four-bar linkage and the collecting container is provided, controlled drive device for generating the lifting and tilting movements is provided, thereby characterized in that the drive device is connected to the swivel drive device (17) in the area of the pouring opening (11) and the upper link (14) is non-positively connected to this swivel drive device (17), while the h internal articulated lever of the four-bar linkage forms a support arm (16) which is also pivotably attached to the swivel drive device (17) and, in the starting position, forms against a support element (45) arranged in the region of the pouring opening (11). 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper link (14) and the support arm (16) are coaxially pivotable in the region of the swivel drive device (17), the upper link (14) in the common formed by the coaxial bearing Swivel axis (drive shaft 20) has its non-positive connection with the swivel drive device (17) while the support arm (16) is freely pivoted within a defined swivel range. 3) Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the swivel drive device (17) is arranged in the region of at least one vertical side edge (21) of the pouring opening (11). 4) Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper link (14) has a substantially horizontal and parallel to the plane of the pouring opening extending support leg (23) on which the horn tilting frame (13 ) is pivotally attached. 5) Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the carrier leg (23) extends in a crank-like manner from the handlebar lever (22) of the upper link (14) laterally into the region of the pouring opening (11). 6) Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the support arm (16) in the region of the same vertical side edge (21) of the pouring opening as the upper link (14) and in its lower position in the starting position towards the center of the lifting and tipping frame (13) is too cranked. 7) Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the support arm (16) is provided with an abutment element (26) forming the lower limit of the swivel range, which at the same time the devices for one (25) of the four articulation points forming swivel mounting of the lower link (15) contains. 8) Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the abutment element (26) of the support arm (16) and the lower link (15) are substantially in the central plane parallel to the direction of movement (27) of the lifting and tilting frame (13). 9) Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the course of the upward movement of the upper link (14) effective limiting device (31) is provided, which prevents the further mutual pivoting of the parts of the four-bar linkage. 10) Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the limiting device (31) has two in the course of the upward movement of the upper link (14) encountering stop elements (32, 33), one of which (33) on the upper link (14) and the other (32) is arranged on the lifting and tilting frame (13). 11) Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the limiting device (31) is adjustable. 12) Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that in the course of the upward movement of the upper link (14) effective additional quadrangular locking (34) is provided, which the lifting and tilting frame (13) and the upper link (14) the further upward movement fixed in a mutual position. 13) Device according to claim 10 and 12, characterized in that the additional four-bar lock contains a controlled locking hook (35) holding the stop elements (32, 33) together. 14) Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the locking hook (35) is pivotally mounted in and out of the operative position and has a gravity arm (36) causing its pivoting movement. 15) Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that one of the recorded Container (30) in the course of the upward movement of the upper link (14) on the lifting and tilting frame (13) locking device (37) is provided, which is actuated due to the mutual pivoting movement of the parts of the four-bar linkage. 16) Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the locking device for the container (30) has a pivoting over the container edge locking bar (38). 17) Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the locking device (37) for the container (30) contains an actuating device which at least one on the upper link (14) and on the lifting and tilting frame (13) arranged roller (41) and cam (40). 18) Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the locking device (37) for the container contains an actuating device (37) which is a linkage (44) distributed on the lifting and tipping frame (13) and on one of the links (14, 15). having. 19) Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the locking device (37) for the container (30) has a one-arm lever (51) which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis (52) and which counteracts the force of a return device (53) by means of a on the upper link (15) of the four-bar arrangement of the actuating element (stop element 33) can be pivoted into the locking position. 20) Device according to claim 19, characterized in that a locking and securing device is provided which holds the one-armed lever (51) and or or its actuating element (stop element 33) in the locking position as long as the four-bar arrangement is in an upper operating position. 21) Device according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the actuating element of the container locking device (37) through the arranged on the upper link (14) stop element (33) one between the upper link (14) and the lifting and tilting frame (13th ) effective limiting device (31), the locking and securing device (locking and securing hook 35) also forming the securing element for the container locking device (37). 22) Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that a retaining lock (56) for the support arm (16) is provided, which can only be released by the relative movement of the four-bar parts (lower link 14 and support arm 16) after these parts have left their lower range of motion when swiveling upwards. 23) Device according to claim 22, characterized in that a retaining hook (57) which is pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis and engages over a part (abutment element 26) of the support arm (16) and an actuating cam (60) lifting out the retaining hook (57) at the bottom Handlebar (15) of the four-bar arrangement are provided. 24) Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the retaining hook (57) is provided with a preferably resilient return device and a limit stop (61) which defines its ready position. 25) Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that two mirror-tilt lifting devices (10a, 10b) are attached in the region of a pouring opening (11), one on each vertical side edge (21a, 21b) of the pouring opening (11). 26) Device according to claim 25, characterized in that the gripping devices (28a, 28b) provided on the lifting and tilting frame (13a, 13b) of the two lifting and tilting devices (10a, 10b) are coordinated with one another in such a way that smaller containers (30 ) can be accommodated by a lifting and tipping frame (13a or 13b) and larger containers together by both lifting and tipping frames (13a, 13b) and the swivel drive devices (17a, 17b) of both lifting and tipping devices (10a, 10b) can be switched on either in synchronism control or separately. 27) Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the upper link (14c, d, e, f) by two parallel link levers and a support leg extending between the two link levers essentially horizontally and parallel to the plane of the pouring opening ( 23c) is formed, wherein the two control levers are each pivotably mounted on a vertical side edge (21a, 21b) of the pouring opening (11) and the support leg (23c) or the lifting / tilting frame (13c, 13e) attached to it extends essentially over the entire width the pouring opening (11) extends. 28) Device according to claim 27, characterized in that only one of the handlebar levers of the upper link (14e, 14f) is connected to a swivel drive device (17e) and the second handlebar lever (link 14f) is freely pivotable. 29) Device according to claim 27, characterized in that both handlebar levers of the handlebar (14c, 14d) are each connected to a swivel drive device (17c, 17d)) and both swivel drive devices (17c, 17d) are equipped with a common control device. 30) Device according to claim 27, characterized in that the four-bar linkage contains a support arm (16c) and a common lower link (15c) for both handlebar levers (links 14c, d, e, f). 31) Device according to claim 30, characterized in that the common support arm (16c) is pivotally mounted on a vertical side edge (21) of the pouring opening (11) and is bent in its lower part up to essentially the vertical central plane of the pouring opening (11), while the common lower Handlebar (15c) is arranged substantially in the vertical central plane (27c) of the pouring opening. 32) Device according to one of claims 1 to 31, characterized in that when used on side loader refuse collection vehicles, the drive shaft (drive shaft 20) of the swivel drive device is at such a height above the lower edge of the pouring opening (11) and opposite the vehicle outer edge (46) is arranged so far inwards that in the starting position all parts of the lifting and tipping device (10, 10a, b, c, e) are arranged behind the outer edge of the vehicle (46).

Images