EP0345888B1 - Coupling device between the first dynode of a photomultiplier and a sheet multiplier - Google Patents
Coupling device between the first dynode of a photomultiplier and a sheet multiplier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0345888B1 EP0345888B1 EP89201420A EP89201420A EP0345888B1 EP 0345888 B1 EP0345888 B1 EP 0345888B1 EP 89201420 A EP89201420 A EP 89201420A EP 89201420 A EP89201420 A EP 89201420A EP 0345888 B1 EP0345888 B1 EP 0345888B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dynode
- multiplier
- electrode
- axis
- photocathode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
- H01J43/04—Electron multipliers
- H01J43/06—Electrode arrangements
- H01J43/18—Electrode arrangements using essentially more than one dynode
- H01J43/22—Dynodes consisting of electron-permeable material, e.g. foil, grid, tube, venetian blind
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
- H01J43/04—Electron multipliers
- H01J43/06—Electrode arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photomultiplier tube comprising a photocathode, a first dynode intended to receive the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode, an electron multiplier device of the "leaf" type, and a device for coupling the first dynode to the multiplier device.
- the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of photomultiplier tubes with electron multiplier device of the "sheet" type.
- the general technical problem to be solved in the case of photomultiplier tubes having a first dynode, which, more often than not, is of large size so as to ensure a good collection of photoelectrons, and a sheet multiplier device, is to couple the first dynode to the multiplier so that the secondary electrons emitted by the first dynode can reach the leaf multiplier with little loss.
- the photomultiplier tube known from the state of the art has the disadvantage of a relatively large longitudinal size, mainly due to the presence of said intermediate dynodes which, moreover, make the assembly and production of such a more complex. tube.
- the technical problem to be solved by the object of the present invention is to provide a photomultiplier tube comprising a photocathode, a first cylindrical dynode of generators orthogonal to an axis and intended to receive the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode, a multiplier device of the "leaf" type, and a device for coupling the first dynode to the multiplier device, the axis of the multiplier device being parallel to said axis, in order to produce a photomultiplier tube whose longitudinal dimensions would be reduced and the realization facilitated by a more advantageous arrangement of the leaf multiplier compared to the first dynode.
- said coupling device consists, on the one hand, of a first electrode composed of a cylindrical lateral reinforcement with an axis parallel to that of the multiplier device , encompassing the first dynode and the input of the multiplier device, and of an upper armature resting, opposite the photocathode, on the lateral armature, and pierced with an opening for the passage of the photoelectrons towards the first dynode, and, on the other hand, of a second planar electrode, parallel to the generators of the first dynode and situated between the output of the first dynode and the input of the multiplier device, and in that the electrical potential of the first electrode is positive compared to that of the photocathode and substantially equal to that of the first dynode, while the electric potential of the second electrode is greater than that of the first first electrode.
- the intermediate dynodes being deleted, it is possible to bring the multiplier closer to the first dynode, thereby reducing the size of the tube and making it easier to assemble.
- the coupling of the first leaf dynode-multiplier is done, as will be seen below in detail, by the combined play of the first and second electrodes.
- Figures 1 and 2 show, respectively in perspective and in section, a photomultiplier tube 10 comprising a photocathode 20 which is, in general, deposited on a sealed window at the end of a cylindrical sleeve.
- the photomultiplier tube 10 therefore has an axis 11 of symmetry which is also that of the photocathode 20.
- the photocathode 20 emits photoelectrons 21 which must be focused on a first dynode 30.
- the first dynode 30 is cylindrical, its generatrices 31 being orthogonal to the axis 11 of the tube.
- the photomultiplier tube 11 comprises a multiplier device 40 known under the name of leaf multiplier, an example of which is described in EP-A-0131339 (French patent No. 2,549,288). It's about essentially of a device consisting of a stack of sheets, or metal plates pierced with holes whose walls carry a layer of a material with secondary emission. The advantage of such a structure is that it allows, under a reduced bulk, the multiplication of incident electrons in the form of a wide beam.
- the axis 41 of the multiplier 40 is parallel to the axis 11 of the tube 10, which offers the possibility of bringing the multiplier closer to the first dynode 30 and therefore reducing the lateral dimensions of the tube.
- the device 50 for coupling the first dynode 30 to the multiplier device 40 comprises a first electrode 51 composed of a cylindrical lateral frame 52 of the same axis 11 as the tube, including the first dynode 30 and the input 42 of the multiplier device 40, and of an upper armature 53 resting, opposite the photocathode 20, on the lateral armature 52, and pierced with an opening 54 for passage of the photoelectrons 21 towards the first dynode 30.
- This first electrode 51 is brought to an electric potential V0, of 200V for example, positive with respect to that of the photocathode which is at potential OV, and substantially equal to that of the first dynode 30.
- the coupling device 50 also comprises a second planar electrode 55, parallel to the generators 31 of the first dynode and situated between the output 32 of the first dynode 30 and the input 42 of the multiplier device 40.
- the second electrode 55 is brought to an electrical potential V1, of 300V for example, greater than that of the first electrode, and which can be substantially equal to the potential of the first electrode of the multiplier device 40 with sheets.
- FIG. 2 shows how the coupling device 50 acts on the electronic trajectories: the secondary electrons emitted by the first dynode 30 following the impact of the photoelectrons 21 are attracted from the output 32 of the first dynode 30 towards the input 42 of the multiplier 40 by the second electrode 55 of potential V1 greater than that of the first dynode 30. Then, after having crossed the second electrode, the secondary electrons are repelled towards the multiplier device 40 by the armatures lateral 52 and upper 53 of the first electrode 51 which are at a lower electrical potential V0.
- the upper armature 53 simultaneously performs two distinct functions: on the one hand, the coupling of the first dynode-multiplier, and, on the other hand, the focusing of the photoelectrons on the first dynode.
Landscapes
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
- Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un tube photomultiplicateur comportant une photocathode, une première dynode destinée à recevoir les photoélectrons émis par la photocathode, un dispositif multiplicateur d'électrons du type "à feuilles", et un dispositif de couplage de la première dynode au dispositif multiplicateur.The present invention relates to a photomultiplier tube comprising a photocathode, a first dynode intended to receive the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode, an electron multiplier device of the "leaf" type, and a device for coupling the first dynode to the multiplier device.
L'invention trouve une application particulièrement avantageuse dans le domaine des tubes photomultiplicateurs à dispositif multiplicateur d'électrons du type "à feuilles".The invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of photomultiplier tubes with electron multiplier device of the "sheet" type.
Le problème technique général à résoudre dans le cas des tubes photomultiplicateurs présentant une première dynode, qui, le plus souvent, est de grande dimension de façon à assurer une bonne collection des photoélectrons, et un dispositif multiplicateur à feuilles, est de coupler la première dynode au dispositif multiplicateur de sorte que les électrons secondaires émis par la première dynode puissent parvenir avec peu de perte au multiplicateur à feuilles.The general technical problem to be solved in the case of photomultiplier tubes having a first dynode, which, more often than not, is of large size so as to ensure a good collection of photoelectrons, and a sheet multiplier device, is to couple the first dynode to the multiplier so that the secondary electrons emitted by the first dynode can reach the leaf multiplier with little loss.
Une solution à ce problème technique général est donnée, par exemple, dans la demande de brevet japonais JP-A-59-167946, qui décrit un tube photomultiplicateur conforme au préambule, dont la première dynode est cylindrique de génératrices orthogonales à un axe, l'axe du dispositif multiplicateur étant parallèle audit axe. Dans ce tube connu, le couplage entre la première dynode et le dispositif multiplicateur à feuilles est réalisé en plaçant entre la première dynode et le dispositif multiplicateur un ensemble de trois dynodes intermédiaires servant, en quelque sorte, de déflecteurs du faisceau électronique en direction du multiplicateur.A solution to this general technical problem is given, for example, in Japanese patent application JP-A-59-167946, which describes a photomultiplier tube conforming to the preamble, the first dynode of which is cylindrical with generators orthogonal to an axis, l the axis of the multiplier device being parallel to said axis. In this known tube, the coupling between the first dynode and the sheet multiplier device is carried out by placing between the first dynode and the multiplier device a set of three intermediate dynodes serving, in a way, as deflectors of the electron beam in the direction of the multiplier. .
Toutefois, le tube photomultiplicateur connu de l'état de la technique présente l'inconvénient d'un encombrement longitudinal relativement grand, dû principalement à la présence desdites dynodes intermédiaires qui, par ailleurs, rendent plus complexes le montage et la réalisation d'un tel tube.However, the photomultiplier tube known from the state of the art has the disadvantage of a relatively large longitudinal size, mainly due to the presence of said intermediate dynodes which, moreover, make the assembly and production of such a more complex. tube.
Aussi, le problème technique à résoudre par l'objet de la présente invention est de proposer un tube photomultiplicateur comportant une photocathode, une première dynode cylindrique de génératrices orthogonales à un axe et destinée à recevoir les photoélectrons émis par la photocathode, un dispositif multiplicateur du type "à feuilles", et un dispositif de couplage de la première dynode au dispositif multiplicateur, l'axe du dispositif multiplicateur étant parallèle audit axe, en vue de réaliser un tube photomultiplicateur dont l'encombrement longitudinal serait réduit et la réalisation facilitée par une disposition plus avantageuse du multiplicateur à feuilles par rapport à la première dynode.Also, the technical problem to be solved by the object of the present invention is to provide a photomultiplier tube comprising a photocathode, a first cylindrical dynode of generators orthogonal to an axis and intended to receive the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode, a multiplier device of the "leaf" type, and a device for coupling the first dynode to the multiplier device, the axis of the multiplier device being parallel to said axis, in order to produce a photomultiplier tube whose longitudinal dimensions would be reduced and the realization facilitated by a more advantageous arrangement of the leaf multiplier compared to the first dynode.
La solution au problème technique posé consiste, selon la présente invention, en ce que, ledit dispositif de couplage est constitué, d'une part, d'une première électrode composée d'une armature latérale cylindrique d'axe parallèle à celui du dispositif multiplicateur, englobant la première dynode et l'entrée du dispositif multiplicateur, et d'une armature supérieure s'appuyant, en regard de la photocathode, sur l'armature latérale, et percée d'une ouverture de passage des photoélectrons vers la première dynode, et, d'autre part, d'une deuxième électrode plane, parallèle aux génératrices de la première dynode et située entre la sortie de la première dynode et l'entrée du dispositif multiplicateur, et en ce que le potentiel électrique de la première électrode est positif par rapport à celui de la photocathode et sensiblement égal à celui de la première dynode, tandis que le potentiel électrique de la deuxième électrode est supérieur à celui de la première électrode.The solution to the technical problem posed consists, according to the present invention, in that, said coupling device consists, on the one hand, of a first electrode composed of a cylindrical lateral reinforcement with an axis parallel to that of the multiplier device , encompassing the first dynode and the input of the multiplier device, and of an upper armature resting, opposite the photocathode, on the lateral armature, and pierced with an opening for the passage of the photoelectrons towards the first dynode, and, on the other hand, of a second planar electrode, parallel to the generators of the first dynode and situated between the output of the first dynode and the input of the multiplier device, and in that the electrical potential of the first electrode is positive compared to that of the photocathode and substantially equal to that of the first dynode, while the electric potential of the second electrode is greater than that of the first first electrode.
Ainsi, les dynodes intermédiaires étant supprimées, il est possible de rapprocher le dispositif multiplicateur de la première dynode, d'où une réduction de l'encombrement du tube et une plus grande facilité de montage. D′autre part, le couplage première dynode-multiplicateur à feuilles se fait, comme on le verra plus loin en détail, par le jeu combiné des première et deuxième électrodes.Thus, the intermediate dynodes being deleted, it is possible to bring the multiplier closer to the first dynode, thereby reducing the size of the tube and making it easier to assemble. On the other hand, the coupling of the first leaf dynode-multiplier is done, as will be seen below in detail, by the combined play of the first and second electrodes.
Un avantage de l'invention, qui apparaîtra plus clairement dans la description des dessins, réside dans le fait que l'armature supérieure de la première électrode participe non seulement au couplage de la première dynode au dispositif multiplicateur à feuilles, mais sert également à la focalisation des photoélectrons issus de la photocathode sur la première dynode.An advantage of the invention, which will appear more clearly in the description of the drawings, resides in the fact that the upper armature of the first electrode not only participates in the coupling of the first dynode to the sheet multiplier device, but also serves for the focusing of the photoelectrons coming from the photocathode on the first dynode.
La description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, fera bien comprendre en quoi consiste l'invention et comment elle peut être réalisée.
- La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un tube photomultiplicateur comportant un dispositif de couplage conforme à l'invention.
- La figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant la direction I-I de la figure 1.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a photomultiplier tube comprising a coupling device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view in direction II of FIG. 1.
Les figures 1 et 2 montrent, respectivement en perspective et en coupe, un tube photomultiplicateur 10 comportant une photocathode 20 qui est, en général, déposée sur une fenêtre scellée à l'extrémité d'un manchon cylindrique. Le tube photomultiplicateur 10 possède donc un axe 11 de symétrie qui est également celui de la photocathode 20. Sous l'effet d'un rayonnement lumineux incident, la photocathode 20 émet des photoélectrons 21 qui doivent être focalisés sur une première dynode 30. Comme l'indiquent les figures 1 et 2, la première dynode 30 est de forme cylindrique, ses génératrices 31 étant orthogonales à l'axe 11 du tube. En outre, le tube photomultiplicateur 11 comporte un dispositif multiplicateur 40 connu sous le nom de multiplicateur à feuilles dont un exemple est décrit dans EP-A-0131339 (brevet français n° 2 549 288). Il s'agit essentiellement d'un dispositif constitué par un empilement de feuilles, ou plaques métalliques percées de trous dont les parois portent une couche d'un matériau à émission secondaire. L'avantage d'une telle structure est de permettre, sous un encombrement réduit, la multiplication d'électrons incidents se présentant sous la forme d'un faisceau large.Figures 1 and 2 show, respectively in perspective and in section, a
Comme on peut le voir aux figures 1 et 2, l'axe 41 du dispositif multiplicateur 40 est parallèle à l'axe 11 du tube 10, ce qui offre la possibilité de rapprocher le multiplicateur de la première dynode 30 et donc de réduire l'encombrement latéral du tube.As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the
Ainsi que le montrent les figures 1 et 2, le dispositif 50 de couplage de la première dynode 30 au dispositif multiplicateur 40 comporte une première électrode 51 composée d'une armature latérale 52 cylindrique de même axe 11 que le tube, englobant la première dynode 30 et l'entrée 42 du dispositif multiplicateur 40, et d'une armature supérieure 53 s'appuyant, en regard de la photocathode 20, sur l'armature latérale 52, et percée d'une ouverture 54 de passage des photoélectrons 21 vers la première dynode 30. Cette première électrode 51 est portée à un potentiel électrique V₀, de 200V par exemple, positif par rapport à celui de la photocathode qui est au potentiel OV, et sensiblement égal à celui de la première dynode 30. Le dispositif 50 de couplage comporte également une deuxième électrode 55 plane, parallèle aux génératrices 31 de la première dynode et située entre la sortie 32 de la première dynode 30 et l'entrée 42 du dispositif multiplicateur 40. La deuxième électrode 55 est portée à un potentiel électrique V₁, de 300V par exemple, supérieur à celui de la première électrode, et qui peut être sensiblement égal au potentiel de la première électrode du dispositif multiplicateur 40 à feuilles.As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the
La figure 2 montre comment le dispositif 50 de couplage agit sur les trajectoires électroniques : les électrons secondaires émis par la première dynode 30 à la suite de l'impact des photoélectrons 21 sont attirés de la sortie 32 de la première dynode 30 vers l'entrée 42 du multiplicateur 40 par la deuxième électrode 55 de potentiel V₁ supérieur à celui de la première dynode 30. Puis, après avoir franchi la deuxième électrode, les électrons secondaires sont repoussés vers le dispositif multiplicateur 40 par les armatures latérale 52 et supérieure 53 de la première électrode 51 qui se trouvent à un potentiel électrique V₀ inférieur.FIG. 2 shows how the
Il apparaît sur les figures 1 et 2 que l'armature supérieure 53 assure simultanément deux fonctions distinctes : d'une part, le couplage première dynode-multiplicateur, et, d'autre part, la focalisation des photoélectrons sur la première dynode.It appears in FIGS. 1 and 2 that the
Bien que sur les figures 1 et 2, l'axe du tube a été pris parallèle à l'axe du dispositif multiplicateur, ceci ne constitue pas une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention.Although in FIGS. 1 and 2, the axis of the tube has been taken parallel to the axis of the multiplier device, this does not constitute an essential characteristic of the invention.
Claims (1)
- Photomultiplier tube (10) comprising a photocathode (20), a first cylindrical dynode (30) which has generatrices (31) extending orthogonally to an axis (11) and which serves to receive the pholoelectrons (21) emitted by the photocathode (20), an electron multiplier device (40) of the "leaf" type, and a device (50) for coupling the first dynode (30) to the multiplier device (40), the axis (41) of the mulllplier device (40) being parallel to the said axis (11), characterized in that the said coupling device (50) consists, on the one hand, of a first electrode (51) composed of a cylindrical lateral plate (52) the axis of which is parallel to that of the multiplier device and which surrounds the first dynode (30) and the entrance (42) of the multiplier device (40), and of an upper plate (53) which is located opposite the photocathode (20) and is supported by the lateral plate (52) and provided with an aperture (54) to allow passage of the photoelectrons (21) towards the first dynode (30) and, on the other hand, of a second plane electrode (55), parallel to the generatrices (31) of the first dynode and situated between the exit (32) of the first dynode (30) and the entrance (42) of the multiplier device (40), and in that, during the operation of the tube, the electric potential (V₀) of the first electrode (51) is positive in relation to that of the photocathode (20) and substantially equal to that of the first dynode (30), while the electric potential (V₁) of the second electrode (55) is greater than that (V₀) of the first electrode.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8807778 | 1988-06-10 | ||
| FR8807778A FR2632773B1 (en) | 1988-06-10 | 1988-06-10 | DEVICE FOR COUPLING A FIRST DYNODE FROM A PHOTOMULTIPLIER TO A SHEET MULTIPLIER |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0345888A1 EP0345888A1 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| EP0345888B1 true EP0345888B1 (en) | 1993-09-15 |
Family
ID=9367172
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89201420A Expired - Lifetime EP0345888B1 (en) | 1988-06-10 | 1989-06-05 | Coupling device between the first dynode of a photomultiplier and a sheet multiplier |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4956576A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0345888B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2801266B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68909116T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2632773B1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL90512A0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2653934A1 (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1991-05-03 | Ric Compelec | PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE COMPRISING A MULTIPLIER WITH STACKABLE DYNODES AND HAVING HIGH COLLECTION EFFICIENCY AND REDUCED SIZE. |
| JP3392240B2 (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 2003-03-31 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | Electron multiplier |
| JP3618013B2 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2005-02-09 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | Photomultiplier tube |
| US5914561A (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 1999-06-22 | Burle Technologies, Inc. | Shortened profile photomultiplier tube with focusing electrode |
| US7489077B2 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2009-02-10 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Multi-anode type photomultiplier tube |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL7308358A (en) * | 1972-06-16 | 1973-12-18 | ||
| JPS59167946A (en) * | 1983-03-11 | 1984-09-21 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | Photomultiplier tube |
| FR2544913B1 (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1986-10-24 | Hyperelec | PHOTOELECTRIC TUBE WITH SIDE PHOTOCATHODE |
| FR2549288B1 (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1985-10-25 | Hyperelec | ELECTRON MULTIPLIER ELEMENT, ELECTRON MULTIPLIER DEVICE COMPRISING THE MULTIPLIER ELEMENT AND APPLICATION TO A PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE |
-
1988
- 1988-06-10 FR FR8807778A patent/FR2632773B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-06-02 IL IL90512A patent/IL90512A0/en unknown
- 1989-06-05 US US07/361,525 patent/US4956576A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-05 EP EP89201420A patent/EP0345888B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-05 DE DE89201420T patent/DE68909116T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-07 JP JP1143172A patent/JP2801266B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4956576A (en) | 1990-09-11 |
| EP0345888A1 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| IL90512A0 (en) | 1990-01-18 |
| FR2632773A1 (en) | 1989-12-15 |
| JPH0233847A (en) | 1990-02-05 |
| FR2632773B1 (en) | 1990-10-05 |
| DE68909116D1 (en) | 1993-10-21 |
| DE68909116T2 (en) | 1994-03-31 |
| JP2801266B2 (en) | 1998-09-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0345888B1 (en) | Coupling device between the first dynode of a photomultiplier and a sheet multiplier | |
| JP4640881B2 (en) | Photomultiplier tube | |
| EP0230694B1 (en) | Multiplying element with high collection efficiency, multiplying device equipped with such an element and application to a photomultiplier | |
| EP0428215B1 (en) | Segmented photomultiplier tube with high collection efficiency and reduced cross-talk | |
| EP0350111B1 (en) | Sheet-type dynode, electron multiplier and photomultiplier having such dynodes | |
| EP1329930B1 (en) | Photocathode and electron tube | |
| EP0264992A1 (en) | Segmented photomultiplier tube | |
| EP0389051B1 (en) | Photomultiplier tube with a large collection homogeneity | |
| EP0379243A1 (en) | Photomultiplier tube provided with a big first dynode and a stacked dynodes multiplier | |
| JP2003338260A (en) | Semiconductor photoelectric surface and its manufacturing method, and photodetection tube using this semiconductor photoelectric face | |
| US7002132B2 (en) | Photocathode, electron tube, and method of assembling photocathode | |
| FR2496980A1 (en) | IMAGE REPRODUCING TUBE HAVING AN ELECTRON MULTIPLIER IN THE FORM OF CHANNEL PLATES | |
| EP0044239B1 (en) | Microchannels image intensifier tube and image pick-up assembly comprising such a tube | |
| JP2923462B2 (en) | Photocathode and electron tube | |
| US11955325B1 (en) | Electron multiplier and photoelectron multiplier including same | |
| FR2602089A1 (en) | SHORT CIRCUIT AND USE OF THIS SHORT CIRCUIT IN A PHOTOELECTRIC TUBE | |
| JP5518364B2 (en) | Photomultiplier tube | |
| US5493174A (en) | Imaging tube having improved fluorescent surface structure on fiber optic plate | |
| EP0425052A1 (en) | Photomultiplier tube comprising a stacked dynode multiplier and providing a high collection efficiency and reduced size | |
| JP3433537B2 (en) | Semiconductor photocathode and semiconductor photocathode device using the same | |
| FR2544913A1 (en) | Photoelectric tube with lateral photocathode | |
| JP2014123582A (en) | Photomultiplier | |
| JPH11354069A (en) | Photoelectric tube | |
| JP2553653B2 (en) | Streak tube | |
| FR2586326A1 (en) | ELECTRON CANON FOR CATHODE RAY TUBES, IN PARTICULAR FOR COLOR TELEVISION |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB LI |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: N.V. PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN Owner name: PHILIPS COMPOSANTS |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19900531 |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: N.V. PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN Owner name: PHILIPS PHOTONIQUE |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19920622 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB LI |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 68909116 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19931021 |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19931208 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Free format text: PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19980601 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19980623 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Free format text: PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. TRANSFER- KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19980824 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19980904 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19990605 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19990630 Ref country code: FR Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 19990630 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19990630 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19990605 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000503 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |