EP0345888A1 - Coupling device between the first dynode of a photomultiplier and a sheet multiplier - Google Patents

Coupling device between the first dynode of a photomultiplier and a sheet multiplier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0345888A1
EP0345888A1 EP89201420A EP89201420A EP0345888A1 EP 0345888 A1 EP0345888 A1 EP 0345888A1 EP 89201420 A EP89201420 A EP 89201420A EP 89201420 A EP89201420 A EP 89201420A EP 0345888 A1 EP0345888 A1 EP 0345888A1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dynode
multiplier
electrode
multiplier device
photocathode
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EP89201420A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0345888B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre L'hermite
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Photonis SAS
Koninklijke Philips NV
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Radiotechnique Compelec RTC SA
Photonis SAS
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
    • H01J43/04—Electron multipliers
    • H01J43/06—Electrode arrangements
    • H01J43/18—Electrode arrangements using essentially more than one dynode
    • H01J43/22—Dynodes consisting of electron-permeable material, e.g. foil, grid, tube, venetian blind
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
    • H01J43/04—Electron multipliers
    • H01J43/06—Electrode arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a photomultiplier tube comprising a photocathode, a first dynode intended to receive the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode, an electron multiplier device of the "leaf" type, and a device for coupling the first dynode to the multiplier device.
  • the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of photomultiplier tubes with electron multiplier device of the "sheet" type.
  • the general technical problem to be solved in the case of photomultiplier tubes having a first dynode, which, more often than not, is of large size so as to ensure a good collection of photoelectrons, and a sheet multiplier device, is to couple the first dynode to the multiplier so that the secondary electrons emitted by the first dynode can reach the leaf multiplier with little loss.
  • the photomultiplier tube known from the state of the art has the disadvantage of a relatively large longitudinal size, mainly due to the presence of said intermediate dynodes which, moreover, make the assembly and production of such a more complex. tube.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the object of the present invention is to provide a photomultiplier tube comprising a photocathode, a first cylindrical dynode of generators orthogonal to an axis and intended to receive the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode, a multiplier device of the "leaf" type, and a device for coupling the first dynode to the multiplier device, the axis of the multiplier device being parallel to said axis, in order to produce a photomultiplier tube whose longitudinal dimensions would be reduced and the realization facilitated by a more advantageous arrangement of the leaf multiplier compared to the first dynode.
  • said coupling device consists, on the one hand, of a first electrode composed of a cylindrical lateral reinforcement with an axis parallel to that of the multiplier device , encompassing the first dynode and the input of the multiplier device, and of an upper armature resting, opposite the photocathode, on the lateral armature, and pierced with an opening for the passage of the photoelectrons towards the first dynode, and, on the other hand, of a second planar electrode, parallel to the generators of the first dynode and situated between the output of the first dynode and the input of the multiplier device, and in that the electrical potential of the first electrode is positive compared to that of the photocathode and substantially equal to that of the first dynode, while the electric potential of the second electrode is greater than that of the first electrode.
  • the intermediate dynodes being removed, it is possible to bring the multiplier device closer to the first dynode, thereby reducing the size of the tube and making it easier to assemble.
  • the coupling of the first leaf dynode-multiplier takes place, as will be seen below in detail, by the combined play of the first and second electrodes.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show, respectively in perspective and in section, a photomultiplier tube 10 comprising a photocathode 20 which is, in general, deposited on a sealed window at the end of a cylindrical sleeve.
  • the photomultiplier tube 10 therefore has an axis 11 of symmetry which is also that of the photocathode 20.
  • the photocathode 20 emits photoelectrons 21 which must be focused on a first dynode 30.
  • the first dynode 30 is of cylindrical shape, its generatrices 31 being orthogonal to the axis 11 of the tube.
  • the photomultiplier tube 11 comprises a multiplier device 40 known under the name of leaf multiplier, an example of which is described in French Patent No. 2,549,288.
  • a multiplier device 40 known under the name of leaf multiplier, an example of which is described in French Patent No. 2,549,288.
  • leaf multiplier essentially a device consisting of a stack of sheets, or metal plates pierced with holes whose walls carry a layer of a material with secondary emission.
  • the advantage of such a structure is that it allows, under a reduced bulk, the multiplication of incident electrons in the form of a wide beam.
  • the axis 41 of the multiplier 40 is parallel to the axis 11 of the tube 10, which offers the possibility of bringing the multiplier closer to the first dynode 30 and therefore reducing the lateral dimensions of the tube.
  • the device 50 for coupling the first dynode 30 to the multiplier device 40 comprises a first electrode 51 composed of a cylindrical lateral frame 52 of the same axis 11 as the tube, including the first dynode 30 and the input 42 of the multiplier device 40, and of an upper armature 53 resting, opposite the photocathode 20, on the lateral armature 52, and pierced with an opening 54 for passage of the photoelectrons 21 towards the first dynode 30.
  • This first electrode 51 is brought to an electric potential V0, of 200V for example, positive with respect to that of the photocathode which is at potential OV, and substantially equal to that of the first dynode 30.
  • the coupling device 50 also comprises a second planar electrode 55, parallel to the generators 31 of the first dynode and situated between the outlet 32 of the first dynode 30 and the inlet 42 of the multiplier device 40.
  • the second electrode 55 is brought to an electrical potential V1, of 300V for example, greater than that of the first electrode, and which can be substantially equal to the potential of the first electrode of the multiplier device 40 with sheets.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the coupling device 50 acts on the electronic trajectories: the secondary electrons emitted by the first dynode 30 following the impact of the photoelectrons 21 are attracted from the output 32 of the first dynode 30 towards the input 42 of the multiplier 40 by the second electrode 55 of potential V1 greater than that of the first dynode 30. Then, after having crossed the second electrode, the secondary electrons are repelled towards the multiplier device 40 by the armatures lateral 52 and upper 53 of the first electrode 51 which are at a lower electrical potential V0.
  • the upper armature 53 simultaneously performs two distinct functions: on the one hand, the coupling of the first dynode-multiplier, and, on the other hand, the focusing of the photoelectrons on the first dynode.

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  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
  • Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)

Abstract

Tube photomultiplicateur (10) comportant une photo­cathode (20), une première dynode (30) cylindrique, un dispo­sitif multiplicateur (40) d'électrons du type "à feuilles", et un dispositif (50) de couplage de la première dynode (30) au dispositif multiplicateur (40). Selon l'invention, ledit dis­positif (50) de couplage est constitué, d'une part, d'une pre­mière électrode (51) composée d'une armature latérale (52) cy­lindrique d'axe parallèle à celui du dispositif multiplicateur et d'une armature supérieure (53) percée d'une ouverture (54) de passage des photoélectrons (21) vers la première dynode (30), et, d'autre part, d'une deuxième électrode (55) plane située entre la sortie (32) de la première dynode (30) et l'entrée (42) du dispositif multiplicateur (40).Photomultiplier tube (10) comprising a photocathode (20), a first cylindrical dynode (30), a "leaf" type electron multiplier device (40), and a device (50) for coupling the first dynode (30) ) to the multiplier device (40). According to the invention, said coupling device (50) consists, on the one hand, of a first electrode (51) composed of a cylindrical lateral reinforcement (52) with an axis parallel to that of the multiplier device and of an upper armature (53) pierced with an opening (54) for passage of the photoelectrons (21) towards the first dynode (30), and, on the other hand, with a second flat electrode (55) located between the output ( 32) of the first dynode (30) and the input (42) of the multiplier device (40).

Description

La présente invention concerne un tube photomulti­plicateur comportant une photocathode, une première dynode destinée à recevoir les photoélectrons émis par la photocatho­de, un dispositif multiplicateur d'électrons du type "à feuil­les", et un dispositif de couplage de la première dynode au dispositif multiplicateur.The present invention relates to a photomultiplier tube comprising a photocathode, a first dynode intended to receive the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode, an electron multiplier device of the "leaf" type, and a device for coupling the first dynode to the multiplier device.

L'invention trouve une application particulière­ment avantageuse dans le domaine des tubes photomultiplica­teurs à dispositif multiplicateur d'électrons du type "à feuilles".The invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of photomultiplier tubes with electron multiplier device of the "sheet" type.

Le problème technique général à résoudre dans le cas des tubes photomultiplicateurs présentant une première dy­node, qui, le plus souvent, est de grande dimension de façon à assurer une bonne collection des photoélectrons, et un dispo­sitif multiplicateur à feuilles, est de coupler la première dynode au dispositif multiplicateur de sorte que les électrons secondaires émis par la première dynode puissent parvenir avec peu de perte au multiplicateur à feuilles.The general technical problem to be solved in the case of photomultiplier tubes having a first dynode, which, more often than not, is of large size so as to ensure a good collection of photoelectrons, and a sheet multiplier device, is to couple the first dynode to the multiplier so that the secondary electrons emitted by the first dynode can reach the leaf multiplier with little loss.

Une solution à ce problème technique général est donnée, par exemple, dans la demande de brevet japonais JP-59-167946, qui décrit un tube photomultiplicateur conforme au préambule, dont la première dynode est cylindrique de géné­ratrices orthogonales à un axe, l'axe du dispositif multipli­cateur étant parallèle audit axe. Dans ce tube connu, le cou­plage entre la première dynode et le dispositif multiplicateur à feuilles est réalisé en plaçant entre la première dynode et le dispositif multiplicateur un ensemble de trois dynodes in­termédiaires servant, en quelque sorte, de déflecteurs du faisceau électronique en direction du multiplicateur.A solution to this general technical problem is given, for example, in Japanese patent application JP-59-167946, which describes a photomultiplier tube conforming to the preamble, the first dynode of which is cylindrical with generators orthogonal to an axis, the axis of the multiplier device being parallel to said axis. In this known tube, the coupling between the first dynode and the leaf multiplier device is carried out by placing between the first dynode and the multiplier device a set of three intermediate dynodes serving, in a way, as deflectors of the electron beam in the direction of the multiplier. .

Toutefois, le tube photomultiplicateur connu de l'état de la technique présente l'inconvénient d'un encombre­ment longitudinal relativement grand, dû principalement à la présence desdites dynodes intermédiaires qui, par ailleurs, rendent plus complexes le montage et la réalisation d'un tel tube.However, the photomultiplier tube known from the state of the art has the disadvantage of a relatively large longitudinal size, mainly due to the presence of said intermediate dynodes which, moreover, make the assembly and production of such a more complex. tube.

Aussi, le problème technique à résoudre par l'objet de la présente invention est de proposer un tube photomulti­plicateur comportant une photocathode, une première dynode cy­lindrique de génératrices orthogonales à un axe et destinée à recevoir les photoélectrons émis par la photocathode, un dis­positif multiplicateur du type "à feuilles", et un dispositif de couplage de la première dynode au dispositif multiplica­teur, l'axe du dispositif multiplicateur étant parallèle audit axe, en vue de réaliser un tube photomultiplicateur dont l'en­combrement longitudinal serait réduit et la réalisation faci­litée par une disposition plus avantageuse du multiplicateur à feuilles par rapport à la première dynode.Also, the technical problem to be solved by the object of the present invention is to provide a photomultiplier tube comprising a photocathode, a first cylindrical dynode of generators orthogonal to an axis and intended to receive the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode, a multiplier device of the "leaf" type, and a device for coupling the first dynode to the multiplier device, the axis of the multiplier device being parallel to said axis, in order to produce a photomultiplier tube whose longitudinal dimensions would be reduced and the realization facilitated by a more advantageous arrangement of the leaf multiplier compared to the first dynode.

La solution au problème technique posé consiste, selon la présente invention, en ce que, ledit dispositif de couplage est constitué, d'une part, d'une première électrode composée d'une armature latérale cylindrique d'axe parallèle à celui du dispositif multiplicateur, englobant la première dy­node et l'entrée du dispositif multiplicateur, et d'une arma­ture supérieure s'appuyant, en regard de la photocathode, sur l'armature latérale, et percée d'une ouverture de passage des photoélectrons vers la première dynode, et, d'autre part, d'une deuxième électrode plane, parallèle aux génératrices de la première dynode et située entre la sortie de la première dynode et l'entrée du dispositif multiplicateur, et en ce que le potentiel électrique de la première électrode est positif par rapport à celui de la photocathode et sensiblement égal à celui de la première dynode, tandis que le potentiel électri­que de la deuxième électrode est supérieur à celui de la première électrode.The solution to the technical problem posed consists, according to the present invention, in that, said coupling device consists, on the one hand, of a first electrode composed of a cylindrical lateral reinforcement with an axis parallel to that of the multiplier device , encompassing the first dynode and the input of the multiplier device, and of an upper armature resting, opposite the photocathode, on the lateral armature, and pierced with an opening for the passage of the photoelectrons towards the first dynode, and, on the other hand, of a second planar electrode, parallel to the generators of the first dynode and situated between the output of the first dynode and the input of the multiplier device, and in that the electrical potential of the first electrode is positive compared to that of the photocathode and substantially equal to that of the first dynode, while the electric potential of the second electrode is greater than that of the first electrode.

Ainsi, les dynodes intermédiaires étant supprimées, il est possible de rapprocher le dispositif multi­plicateur de la première dynode, d'où une réduction de l'en­combrement du tube et une plus grande facilité de montage. D′autre part, le couplage première dynode-multiplicateur à feuilles se fait, comme on le verra plus loin en détail, par le jeu combiné des première et deuxième électrodes.Thus, the intermediate dynodes being removed, it is possible to bring the multiplier device closer to the first dynode, thereby reducing the size of the tube and making it easier to assemble. On the other hand, the coupling of the first leaf dynode-multiplier takes place, as will be seen below in detail, by the combined play of the first and second electrodes.

Un avantage de l'invention, qui apparaîtra plus clairement dans la description des dessins, réside dans le fait que l'armature supérieure de la première électrode parti­cipe non seulement au couplage de la première dynode au dispo­sitif multiplicateur à feuilles, mais sert également à la fo­calisation des photoélectrons issus de la photocathode sur la première dynode.An advantage of the invention, which will appear more clearly in the description of the drawings, resides in the fact that the upper armature of the first electrode not only participates in the coupling of the first dynode to the sheet multiplier device, but also serves for the focusing of the photoelectrons coming from the photocathode on the first dynode.

La description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, fera bien comprendre en quoi consiste l'invention et comment elle peut être réalisée.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un tube photomultiplicateur comportant un dispositif de couplage conforme à l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant la direc­tion I-I de la figure 1.
The description which follows with reference to the appended drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be implemented.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a photomultiplier tube comprising a coupling device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view in direction II of FIG. 1.

Les figures 1 et 2 montrent, respectivement en perspective et en coupe, un tube photomultiplicateur 10 com­portant une photocathode 20 qui est, en général, déposée sur une fenêtre scellée à l'extrémité d'un manchon cylindrique. Le tube photomultiplicateur 10 possède donc un axe 11 de symétrie qui est également celui de la photocathode 20. Sous l'effet d'un rayonnement lumineux incident, la photocathode 20 émet des photoélectrons 21 qui doivent être focalisés sur une pre­mière dynode 30. Comme l'indiquent les figures 1 et 2, la pre­mière dynode 30 est de forme cylindrique, ses génératrices 31 étant orthogonales à l'axe 11 du tube. En outre, le tube pho­tomultiplicateur 11 comporte un dispositif multiplicateur 40 connu sous le nom de multiplicateur à feuilles dont un exemple est décrit dans le brevet français n° 2 549 288. Il s'agit essentiellement d'un dispositif constitué par un empilement de feuilles, ou plaques métalliques percées de trous dont les parois portent une couche d'un matériau à émission secondaire. L'avantage d'une telle structure est de permettre, sous un encombrement réduit, la multiplication d'électrons in­cidents se présentant sous la forme d'un faisceau large.Figures 1 and 2 show, respectively in perspective and in section, a photomultiplier tube 10 comprising a photocathode 20 which is, in general, deposited on a sealed window at the end of a cylindrical sleeve. The photomultiplier tube 10 therefore has an axis 11 of symmetry which is also that of the photocathode 20. Under the effect of incident light radiation, the photocathode 20 emits photoelectrons 21 which must be focused on a first dynode 30. As l 'indicate Figures 1 and 2, the first dynode 30 is of cylindrical shape, its generatrices 31 being orthogonal to the axis 11 of the tube. In addition, the photomultiplier tube 11 comprises a multiplier device 40 known under the name of leaf multiplier, an example of which is described in French Patent No. 2,549,288. essentially a device consisting of a stack of sheets, or metal plates pierced with holes whose walls carry a layer of a material with secondary emission. The advantage of such a structure is that it allows, under a reduced bulk, the multiplication of incident electrons in the form of a wide beam.

Comme on peut le voir aux figures 1 et 2, l'axe 41 du dispositif multiplicateur 40 est parallèle à l'axe 11 du tube 10, ce qui offre la possibilité de rapprocher le multi­plicateur de la première dynode 30 et donc de réduire l'encom­brement latéral du tube.As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the axis 41 of the multiplier 40 is parallel to the axis 11 of the tube 10, which offers the possibility of bringing the multiplier closer to the first dynode 30 and therefore reducing the lateral dimensions of the tube.

Ainsi que le montrent les figures 1 et 2, le dispo­sitif 50 de couplage de la première dynode 30 au dispositif multiplicateur 40 comporte une première électrode 51 composée d'une armature latérale 52 cylindrique de même axe 11 que le tube, englobant la première dynode 30 et l'entrée 42 du dispo­sitif multiplicateur 40, et d'une armature supérieure 53 s'ap­puyant, en regard de la photocathode 20, sur l'armature laté­rale 52, et percée d'une ouverture 54 de passage des photo­électrons 21 vers la première dynode 30. Cette première élec­trode 51 est portée à un potentiel électrique V₀, de 200V par exemple, positif par rapport à celui de la photocathode qui est au potentiel OV, et sensiblement égal à celui de la première dynode 30. Le dispositif 50 de couplage comporte éga­lement une deuxième électrode 55 plane, parallèle aux généra­trices 31 de la première dynode et située entre la sortie 32 de la première dynode 30 et l'entrée 42 du dispositif multi­plicateur 40. La deuxième électrode 55 est portée à un poten­tiel électrique V₁, de 300V par exemple, supérieur à celui de la première électrode, et qui peut être sensiblement égal au potentiel de la première électrode du dispositif multipli­cateur 40 à feuilles.As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the device 50 for coupling the first dynode 30 to the multiplier device 40 comprises a first electrode 51 composed of a cylindrical lateral frame 52 of the same axis 11 as the tube, including the first dynode 30 and the input 42 of the multiplier device 40, and of an upper armature 53 resting, opposite the photocathode 20, on the lateral armature 52, and pierced with an opening 54 for passage of the photoelectrons 21 towards the first dynode 30. This first electrode 51 is brought to an electric potential V₀, of 200V for example, positive with respect to that of the photocathode which is at potential OV, and substantially equal to that of the first dynode 30. The coupling device 50 also comprises a second planar electrode 55, parallel to the generators 31 of the first dynode and situated between the outlet 32 of the first dynode 30 and the inlet 42 of the multiplier device 40. The second electrode 55 is brought to an electrical potential V₁, of 300V for example, greater than that of the first electrode, and which can be substantially equal to the potential of the first electrode of the multiplier device 40 with sheets.

La figure 2 montre comment le dispositif 50 de cou­plage agit sur les trajectoires électroniques : les électrons secondaires émis par la première dynode 30 à la suite de l'im­pact des photoélectrons 21 sont attirés de la sortie 32 de la première dynode 30 vers l'entrée 42 du multiplicateur 40 par la deuxième électrode 55 de potentiel V₁ supérieur à celui de la première dynode 30. Puis, après avoir franchi la deuxiè­me électrode, les électrons secondaires sont repoussés vers le dispositif multiplicateur 40 par les armatures latérale 52 et supérieure 53 de la première électrode 51 qui se trouvent à un potentiel électrique V₀ inférieur.FIG. 2 shows how the coupling device 50 acts on the electronic trajectories: the secondary electrons emitted by the first dynode 30 following the impact of the photoelectrons 21 are attracted from the output 32 of the first dynode 30 towards the input 42 of the multiplier 40 by the second electrode 55 of potential V₁ greater than that of the first dynode 30. Then, after having crossed the second electrode, the secondary electrons are repelled towards the multiplier device 40 by the armatures lateral 52 and upper 53 of the first electrode 51 which are at a lower electrical potential V₀.

Il apparaît sur les figures 1 et 2 que l'armature supérieure 53 assure simultanément deux fonctions distinctes : d'une part, le couplage première dynode-multiplicateur, et, d'autre part, la focalisation des photoélectrons sur la pre­mière dynode.It appears in FIGS. 1 and 2 that the upper armature 53 simultaneously performs two distinct functions: on the one hand, the coupling of the first dynode-multiplier, and, on the other hand, the focusing of the photoelectrons on the first dynode.

Bien que sur les figures 1 et 2, l'axe du tube a été pris parallèle à l'axe du dispositif multiplicateur, ceci ne constitue pas une caractéristique essentielle de l'inven­tion.Although in FIGS. 1 and 2, the axis of the tube has been taken parallel to the axis of the multiplier device, this does not constitute an essential characteristic of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. Tube photomultiplicateur (10) comportant une photo­cathode (20), une première dynode (30) cylindrique de généra­trices (31) orthogonales à un axe (11) et destinée à recevoir les photoélectrons (21) émis par la photocathode (20), un dis­positif multiplicateur (40) d'électrons du type "à feuilles", et un dispositif (50) de couplage de la première dynode (30) au dispositif multiplicateur (40), l'axe (41) du dispositif multiplicateur (40) étant parallèle audit axe (11), caractéri­sé en ce que, ledit dispositif (50) de couplage est consti­tué, d'une part, d'une première électrode (51) composée d'une armature latérale (52) cylindrique d'axe parallèle à celui du dispositif multiplicateur, englobant la première dynode (30) et l'entrée (42) du dispositif multiplicateur (40), et d'une armature supérieure (53) s'appuyant, en regard de la photoca­thode (20), sur l'armature latérale (52), et percée d'une ou­verture (54) de passage des photoélectrons (21) vers la pre­mière dynode (30), et, d'autre part, d'une deuxième électrode (55) plane, parallèle aux génératrices (31) de la première dy­node et située entre la sortie (32) de la première dynode (30) et l'entrée (42) du dispositif multiplicateur (40), et en ce que le potentiel électrique (V₀) de la première électrode (51) est positif par rapport à celui de la photocathode (20) et sensiblement égal à celui de la première dynode (30), tandis que le potentiel électrique (V₁) de la deuxième élec­trode (55) est supérieur à celui (V₀) de la première élec­trode.1. Photomultiplier tube (10) comprising a photocathode (20), a first cylindrical dynode (30) of generators (31) orthogonal to an axis (11) and intended to receive the photoelectrons (21) emitted by the photocathode (20), an electron multiplier device (40) of the "leaf" type, and a device (50) for coupling the first dynode (30) to the multiplier device (40), the axis (41) of the multiplier device (40) being parallel to said axis (11), characterized in that, said coupling device (50) consists, on the one hand, of a first electrode (51) composed of a cylindrical lateral armature (52) of parallel axis to that of the multiplier device, including the first dynode (30) and the inlet (42) of the multiplier device (40), and of an upper frame (53) resting, opposite the photocathode (20), on the lateral armature (52), and pierced with an opening (54) for the passage of the photoelectrons (21) towards the first dynode (30), and, further e part, a second electrode (55) planar, parallel to the generators (31) of the first dynode and located between the output (32) of the first dynode (30) and the input (42) of the multiplier device (40 ), and in that the electrical potential (V₀) of the first electrode (51) is positive with respect to that of the photocathode (20) and substantially equal to that of the first dynode (30), while the electrical potential ( V₁) of the second electrode (55) is greater than that (V₀) of the first electrode.
EP89201420A 1988-06-10 1989-06-05 Coupling device between the first dynode of a photomultiplier and a sheet multiplier Expired - Lifetime EP0345888B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8807778 1988-06-10
FR8807778A FR2632773B1 (en) 1988-06-10 1988-06-10 DEVICE FOR COUPLING A FIRST DYNODE FROM A PHOTOMULTIPLIER TO A SHEET MULTIPLIER

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EP0345888A1 true EP0345888A1 (en) 1989-12-13
EP0345888B1 EP0345888B1 (en) 1993-09-15

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0425052A1 (en) * 1989-10-27 1991-05-02 Philips Photonique Photomultiplier tube comprising a stacked dynode multiplier and providing a high collection efficiency and reduced size
EP0713243A1 (en) * 1994-11-18 1996-05-22 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Electron multiplier

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3618013B2 (en) * 1995-07-20 2005-02-09 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Photomultiplier tube
US5914561A (en) * 1997-08-21 1999-06-22 Burle Technologies, Inc. Shortened profile photomultiplier tube with focusing electrode
US7489077B2 (en) * 2004-03-24 2009-02-10 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Multi-anode type photomultiplier tube

Citations (1)

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EP0131339A1 (en) * 1983-07-11 1985-01-16 Hyperelec Electron multiplier element, electron multiplying device made up of this element and its application to a photomultiplier tube

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FR2189867A1 (en) * 1972-06-16 1974-01-25 Rca Corp
JPS59167946A (en) * 1983-03-11 1984-09-21 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk Photomultiplier tube
FR2544913B1 (en) * 1983-04-20 1986-10-24 Hyperelec PHOTOELECTRIC TUBE WITH SIDE PHOTOCATHODE

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 9, no 19 (E-292)[1742], 25 janvier 1985, page 139 E 292; & JP-A-57 167 946 (HAMAMATSU HOTONIKUSU K.K.) 21-09-1984 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0425052A1 (en) * 1989-10-27 1991-05-02 Philips Photonique Photomultiplier tube comprising a stacked dynode multiplier and providing a high collection efficiency and reduced size
EP0713243A1 (en) * 1994-11-18 1996-05-22 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Electron multiplier
US5616987A (en) * 1994-11-18 1997-04-01 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Electron multiplier

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FR2632773A1 (en) 1989-12-15
JPH0233847A (en) 1990-02-05
JP2801266B2 (en) 1998-09-21
DE68909116D1 (en) 1993-10-21
FR2632773B1 (en) 1990-10-05
EP0345888B1 (en) 1993-09-15
DE68909116T2 (en) 1994-03-31
IL90512A0 (en) 1990-01-18
US4956576A (en) 1990-09-11

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