EP0344598B1 - Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem zwei obenliegende Steuerwellen umfassenden Zylinderkopf - Google Patents

Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem zwei obenliegende Steuerwellen umfassenden Zylinderkopf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344598B1
EP0344598B1 EP89109345A EP89109345A EP0344598B1 EP 0344598 B1 EP0344598 B1 EP 0344598B1 EP 89109345 A EP89109345 A EP 89109345A EP 89109345 A EP89109345 A EP 89109345A EP 0344598 B1 EP0344598 B1 EP 0344598B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
cylinder head
combustion chamber
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89109345A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0344598A3 (en
EP0344598A2 (de
Inventor
Paul Rosche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0344598A2 publication Critical patent/EP0344598A2/de
Publication of EP0344598A3 publication Critical patent/EP0344598A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0344598B1 publication Critical patent/EP0344598B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L2003/25—Valve configurations in relation to engine
    • F01L2003/256—Valve configurations in relation to engine configured other than perpendicular to camshaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention is based on the preamble of claim 1 from DE-PS3209901.
  • a disadvantage of this known cylinder head is the central position of the spark plug spark gap achieved by an oblique arrangement of the spark plug. In a flat combustion chamber, this must be set back due to the inclined arrangement in relation to the combustion chamber-side opening of the receiving bore of the spark plug, which results in inadequate purging of the combustion gas residues when the gas plug is changed.
  • a shaft which emerges in the side walls of the cylinder head and the control housing and which accommodates the spark plug and which provides a streamlined arrangement of adjacent gas exchange channels with a large diameter.
  • a valve arrangement with a drive offset on one side relative to the cylinder axis this can lead to the gas exchange channels adjacent to the shaft opening into the combustion chamber too close to the cylinder bore.
  • moving valve disks that are too closely adjacent to the cylinder bore is known to hinder the flow during the gas exchange.
  • the invention has for its object to combine the generic internal combustion engine with features of the internal combustion engine of the other document such that a narrow cylinder head is achieved in a combustion chamber for high performance with low consumption with a valve control geared to optimal charge exchange.
  • the central attachment according to the invention of a common bearing cover for both control shafts opens up the advantage of a small mutual center distance of the control shafts.
  • conical cams at a mutual axial distance of approximately the control shaft center distance
  • the intersection of all valve axles, which is identical to the cone tip is several times the diameter of the cylinder bore away from the free end of the centrally located spark plug or the injection nozzle. This is a very flat trough contour on the valve plate in an advantageous manner specified for the combustion chamber limitation in the cylinder head.
  • a combustion chamber limitation which is particularly advantageously adapted to the valve plate is achieved by using the intersection point as the center of a calotte delimiting the combustion chamber in the cylinder head, the boundary of which is identical to the diameter of the cylinder bore receiving the piston.
  • the above-described design of the spherical cap up to the cylinder bore receiving the piston enables the piston in its peripheral edge region of the piston head to be correspondingly adapted via a predetermined radial extent of the combustion chamber spherical cap in the cylinder head.
  • a concentric, circumferential pinch gap is thus achieved in the piston TDC position, from which the charge flows along the calotte surface, which is only slightly disturbed by the valve disks, in the case of a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine of the centrally arranged spark plug.
  • a 4-valve arrangement for achieving large plate diameters of the inlet valves allows the valve arrangement to be tilted on one side without disadvantages.
  • the given gates of the circumferential edge region which is elevated in the case of a piston recess can be approximately equalized, the outermost circumference of the edge region remaining unchanged. This results in a number of sectorial charge flows from the pinch gap corresponding to the number of gates, the lower speeds at the edges of the individual charge flows advantageously contributing to micro-swirling in partial areas of the approximately lenticular combustion chamber.
  • the invention is also suitable for a diesel internal combustion engine with direct injection.
  • a last proposal describes a preferred embodiment of the central fastening of the common control shaft bearing cover according to the invention.
  • the reciprocating piston internal combustion engine 1 which is only partially shown, comprises a cylinder 2, to which a 4-valve cylinder head 3 with control shafts 4 and 5 on top is assigned.
  • the cylinder head 3 is equipped with two hanging inlet valves 6 and two hanging outlet valves 7, which are actuated by tappets 8 and 9 from the respective control shaft 4 and 5, respectively.
  • a bearing 10 for the control shaft 4 is arranged between the inlet valves 6 and a bearing 11 for the control shaft 5 is arranged between the outlet valves 7.
  • the mixture-compressing internal combustion engine 1 has a spark plug 13 which is arranged in the region of the cylinder axis 12 and is arranged in a shaft 14 formed in the cylinder head 3.
  • a tube 16 is provided which is fixed in the cylinder head 3 in a rotationally secured manner. With its free end region, the tube 16 passes through a bearing cover 17 common to both control shaft bearings 10 and 11 in the middle and with play. In the region of the bearing cover 17, the tube 16 has a thread 18 for a clamping nut 19 on its outer circumference. The clamping nut 19 serves to hold down or centrally fasten the common bearing cover 17, which is additionally fastened at 20 and 21 in its free end regions.
  • the control shafts 4 and 5 are arranged closely adjacent to the tube 16 or the central fastening point by means of the clamping nut 19, as a result of which a relatively small center distance between the aforementioned control shafts is achieved.
  • each of the inlet valves 6 is actuated by separate cams 22 and 22 'and each of the exhaust valves 7 by separate cams 23 and 23'.
  • the cams 22, 22 'and 23, 23' of the control shafts 4, 5 are arranged essentially symmetrically to the transverse plane 24 or to the common bearing cover 17, their central rotational planes E D1 and E D2 being axially equal to the control shaft center distance "a" are spaced.
  • all of the aforementioned cam control shafts 4 and 5 are conical.
  • the center distance a of the control shafts 4 and 5 can be chosen to be small relative to the diameter D Z of the cylinder bore 2 '.
  • a flat, lenticular combustion chamber 25 is formed by a multiple of the diameter D Z the cylinder bore 2 'distant arrangement of the intersection 26 of all valve axes from the combustion chamber-side opening of a chamber 14 on the combustion chamber side receiving hole 27 for the spark plug 13 is achieved.
  • the intersection 26 of the valve axes is provided on the cylinder axis 12 approximately by the measure of twice the diameter D Z of the cylinder bore 2 '. So that a relatively small cone angle is achieved for the conical cams 22, 22 'and 23, 23', which is favorable Tribological relationships between the aforementioned cams and the tappets 8 and 9 result.
  • the intersection 26 serves as the center point of a calotte 28 delimiting the combustion chamber 25 in the cylinder head 3, the edge 29 of which is essentially identical to the diameter D Z of the cylinder bore 2 receiving a piston 30 '.
  • the piston 30 has an edge region 31 on the piston crown 32 which is adapted to the combustion chamber calotte 28 for an essentially concentric, circumferential pinch gap 33 in the TDC position of the piston 30.
  • the edge region 31 on the piston crown 32 further delimits a flat depression 34 in the piston crown 32, which is arranged symmetrically in the piston crown 32 with respect to the cylinder axis 12 and which, with the combustion chamber calotte 28 on the cylinder head side, results in a substantially lenticular combustion chamber 25.
  • spark plug 13 For a combustion process with mixture compression and spark ignition (spark plug 13), this offers a rapid, knock-free burning of the charge.
  • the 4-valve arrangement is tilted overall about the intersection 26 of the valve axes in the direction of the exhaust valves 7. Furthermore, the selected position of the intersection 26 of the valve axles, which is arranged approximately by the measure of 2 times the inner diameter D Z of the cylinder bore 2 'from the mouth of the receiving bore 27 for the spark plug 13 on the cylinder axis 12, the valves 6 and 7 with to arrange their valve plates near the spark plug 13. This results in an arrangement for the valve plate of the valves 6 and 7 from the cylinder bore 2 '. As can further be seen from FIG. 3, pockets 35, 36 for the valve plates of the valves 6 and 7 are provided in the piston crown 32 the edge region 31 of the piston 30 is only partially cut. In this way, a continuously running pinch gap 33 remains.
  • the above-described internal combustion engine 1 is also suitable for a combustion process with air compression and auto-ignition, the piston to be provided for this purpose having a piston head which is adapted to the calotte in the cylinder head except for a central opening to a combustion chamber trough arranged in the piston.
  • An injection nozzle takes the place of the spark plug.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
EP89109345A 1988-06-01 1989-05-24 Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem zwei obenliegende Steuerwellen umfassenden Zylinderkopf Expired - Lifetime EP0344598B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3818636 1988-06-01
DE3818636A DE3818636A1 (de) 1988-06-01 1988-06-01 Hubkolben-brennkraftmaschine mit einem zwei obenliegende steuerwellen umfassenden zylinderkopf

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0344598A2 EP0344598A2 (de) 1989-12-06
EP0344598A3 EP0344598A3 (en) 1990-04-18
EP0344598B1 true EP0344598B1 (de) 1991-11-21

Family

ID=6355610

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89109345A Expired - Lifetime EP0344598B1 (de) 1988-06-01 1989-05-24 Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem zwei obenliegende Steuerwellen umfassenden Zylinderkopf

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0344598B1 (OSRAM)
DE (2) DE3818636A1 (OSRAM)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4017048C2 (de) * 1990-05-26 1994-05-05 Opel Adam Ag Zylinderkopf
AT402430B (de) * 1992-04-09 1997-05-26 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Dieselbrennkraftmaschine mit einem oder mehreren hin- und hergehenden kolben
US5868113A (en) * 1993-02-19 1999-02-09 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Engine combustion chamber and air intake device
EP0723071B1 (en) * 1995-01-24 2000-04-19 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine
EP0744530A1 (de) * 1995-05-22 1996-11-27 Dr.Ing.h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Zylinderkopf
DE69631243T2 (de) * 1995-10-02 2004-06-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki K.K., Iwata Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR496491A (fr) * 1918-03-18 1919-11-07 Rolls Royce Perfectionnements aux cylindres des moteurs à combustion interne
AT199427B (de) * 1956-10-06 1958-09-10 Hans Dipl Ing Dr Techn List Zweitakt-Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine
DE2919213A1 (de) * 1979-05-12 1980-11-20 Daimler Benz Ag Zylinderkopf fuer eine brennkraftmaschine
DE3209901C1 (de) * 1982-03-18 1983-10-27 Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm Einteiliger Zylinderkopf für eine Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
JPS6024801U (ja) * 1983-07-27 1985-02-20 マツダ株式会社 多弁式内燃機関のカムシャフト保持装置
GB8332318D0 (en) * 1983-12-02 1984-01-11 Austin Rover Group Cylinder head
AT382933B (de) * 1984-03-14 1987-04-27 Weichsler Hermann Ventilbetaetigung fuer hubkolben - brennkraftmaschinen
JPS6149121A (ja) * 1984-08-16 1986-03-11 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd ４行程内燃機関
IT1190034B (it) * 1986-06-05 1988-02-10 Ducati Meccanica Spa Testa a quattro valvole a comando desmodromico per motori a scoppio

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0344598A3 (en) 1990-04-18
EP0344598A2 (de) 1989-12-06
DE3818636C2 (OSRAM) 1991-02-21
DE3818636A1 (de) 1989-12-07
DE58900471D1 (de) 1992-01-02

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