EP0341051A2 - Biegsame, wasserundurchlässige Platte - Google Patents

Biegsame, wasserundurchlässige Platte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0341051A2
EP0341051A2 EP89304474A EP89304474A EP0341051A2 EP 0341051 A2 EP0341051 A2 EP 0341051A2 EP 89304474 A EP89304474 A EP 89304474A EP 89304474 A EP89304474 A EP 89304474A EP 0341051 A2 EP0341051 A2 EP 0341051A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structure according
covering material
segments
membrane
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89304474A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0341051A3 (en
EP0341051B1 (de
Inventor
Peter James Thompson
Timothy John Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GCP Products UK Ltd
Original Assignee
WR Grace Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB888810488A external-priority patent/GB8810488D0/en
Priority claimed from GB888810489A external-priority patent/GB8810489D0/en
Application filed by WR Grace Ltd filed Critical WR Grace Ltd
Priority to AT89304474T priority Critical patent/ATE88232T1/de
Publication of EP0341051A2 publication Critical patent/EP0341051A2/de
Publication of EP0341051A3 publication Critical patent/EP0341051A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0341051B1 publication Critical patent/EP0341051B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to waterproofing structures and their use.
  • Preformed self-adhesive waterproofing structures which comprise a sheet like substrate, which typically is of waterproof plastics material, such as polythene or polyethylene, having contiguous therewith a layer of a self adhesive waterproofing material which typically is a bituminous compound such as a mixture of bitumen and rubber.
  • Such structures are normally supplied in the form of rolls, being flexible, with a release sheet attached to the exposed surface of the self-adhesive compound.
  • the material is applied by unrolling, simultaneously removing the release sheet and brushing the material out so that it entirely contacts the surface being covered. Normally, adjacent strips are lapped with the edge of one overlapping the edge of its neighbour.
  • the known structures typically have a plastic sheet material as the substrate to which the self adhesive membrane is attached.
  • these structures although waterproof, do have mechanical limitations.
  • the first layer of concrete for the floor is covered with the waterproofing structure.
  • the waterproofing structure may be applied to the exterior of a subterranean concrete wall. The space between the ground and the wall is subsequently backfilled and the material used for this may include quite sharp aggregate likely to puncture the plastic sheet substrate.
  • Such boards may comprise bitumen impregnated felts optionally provided with filler such as cork. Alternatively the risk is run that the plastic substrate, and perhaps the entire structure, will be ruptured, leading to the possibility of moisture penetration in the future.
  • a structure comprising a membrane of waterproofing pressure sensitive adhesive material with, contiguous thereto, a layer of relatively rigid covering material so arranged and divided into segments that the structure can be folded at the divisions between the segments.
  • relatively rigid covering material we mean a material of such stiffness that the structure will not buckle and will not bend very much, under its own weight, for instance if held at one edge, in contrast to the known materials which are easily bent and will droop through a large angle if supported only at the edge.
  • the relatively rigid, covering material has the advantage that it provides, integrally in the waterproofing structure, a strengthening and protecting layer which can withstand satisfactorily foot traffic and the abrasive effects of any backfilling there may be when the material is used at an external or subterranean surface.
  • structures of the invention are easy to apply.
  • the present invention provides, in a second aspect, a structure comprising a membrane of waterproofing pressure sensitive adhesive material with, contiguous thereto, a layer of relatively rigid covering material comprising two walls held spaced apart by a plurality of transverse ribs defining channels between the walls.
  • relatively rigid covering material we again here mean that the material stiffness that the structure will not buckle and will not bend very much, under its own weight, for instance if held at one edge. It is an advantage that there is a continuous skin on the side of the covering adjacent the membrane.
  • structures of the invention are very easy to apply, the application in fact being easier than with the more flexible rolls of material which lack the rigid layer. If desired, a continuous film may be applied between the self adhesive membrane and the relatively rigid covering material.
  • the adhesive membrane may be reinforced with a high tensile strength reinforcing net, for instance of polypropylene, but glass or other fibre reinforcements are other possibilities.
  • the division between segments may be complete separation, or just a cut or groove through part of the thickness allowing folding between segments.
  • a fold line can be created by nip-folding, that is crushing locally along a line.
  • the structure By arranging the materials so that alternate folds are in opposite directions the structure can be supplied in a concertina folded arrangement, in which it is easily applied to a surface to be covered and protected, the application perhaps being easier than with the more flexible rolls of material which lack the rigid layer.
  • the structure may be rolled up, for instance around a central core, with the adhesive on either the inside or, preferably, the outside.
  • the core diameter will usually be greater than the segment width or order to make such a rolled-up arrangement feasible.
  • the covering material is lightweight and has a continuous skin in contact with the adhesive membrane.
  • a particularly suitable form of covering material in the first aspect is a twin-walled material, that is to say a material having two walls spaced apart and connected by a plurality of intermediate transverse ribs which divide the space between the walls into parallel channels, the distance between the two walls being about 2 to 10 mm, or more, preferably about 4 mm such as is used in the second aspect of the invention.
  • the spacings between the adjacent ribs will normally be similar to the spacing between the walls.
  • Materials of this type which are in themselves known and made of plastics material, have a very high strength to weight ratio and are very strong against crushing of the two walls, so that a man may jump up on them without crushing the walls together.
  • one of the walls may be slit, so that the other one remains continuous, and the folding takes place along the line of that one of the parallel channels which is thus opened.
  • the membrane may be outside the fold if the outer wall is slit, and inside the fold if the inner one is slit.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive membrane may be reinforced with a high tensile strength reinforcing net, layer, for instance a sheet or for instance of polypropylene, but glass or other fibre woven or nonwoven reinforcements are other possibilities. Reinforcement can also help with lap jointing.
  • a continuous film can be applied between the self adhesive membrane and the relatively rigid covering material. Alternatively, such a film could be intermittently applied, for instance beneath the covering material in the region of each fold line.
  • covering material such as bitumen impregnated felts or other sheets, optionally with fillers, but with thickness of up to 4 or perhaps 6 mm in order to avoid excessive weight.
  • Alternative rigid coverings are faced hard-board, and rigid foam insulating board for instance of cross-linked polyethylene, polyurethane or expanded polystyrene. These can be applied in separate segments to the adhesive membrane with the folding occurring between the segments or can be created to have a continuous sheet surface in contact with the membrane.
  • the membrane of adhesive membrane it is possible to use membranes of adhesive material which enable the structures when pressed by normal hand pressure against for instance a concrete surface, without any prior treatment of the membrane or the concrete, to remain stuck thereto.
  • adhesives which require prior surface treatment e.g. with a primer, can be used.
  • the membrane of adhesive is 0.5 to 3 or 4 mm. thick but in certain circumstances a thickness down to 0.25 mm thick may be employed. Below that thickness secure adhesion and integrity of the waterproofing membrane may not be maintained.
  • Bituminous adhesives are generally suitable for the membrane and may be formed of natural or synthetic rubber, virgin or reclaimed, blended into bitumen to provide a smooth mix.
  • the ratio by weight of bitumen to rubber is preferably from 80:20 to 95:5 especially about 90:10.
  • Other types of adhesive composition could be used.
  • suitable compositions of adhesive have softening temperatures measured by the Ring and Ball method of 70 to 130°C.
  • a removable paper or other coating is normally required on structures of the invention to cover the surface of the adhesive membrane remote from the rigid covering sheet.
  • This can be siliconised paper or another release sheet.
  • a still further function may be performed by structures according to the invention, particularly those which have the twin-walled covering material.
  • the exterior wall of the relatively rigid covering sheet is rendered at least to a small extent perforated allowing access to drainage passages or paths within the relatively rigid material. This will allow land water to penetrate into this sheet and drain downwards, for instance through the parallel channels, out of contact with the exterior of the wall.
  • the twin walled covering sheet is employed the exterior wall can be penetrated at intervals so as to allow access to the parallel channels, the perforations being thermally or mechanically made, the source of heat being electrical or by flame.
  • Adjacent structures of the invention can be lap jointed. To this end, part or all the rigid covering along one on both edges involved in the lap joint can be removed so that the lap joint does not stand proud of the remainder.
  • double sided adhesive waterproofing tape applied in a pattern where the edges of material will be, can be pre-positioned on the surface to be covered with no need then to provide an edge free of rigid covering.
  • Such a tape can also be used beneath adjacent sections of structure of the invention which are inclined to each other, e.g. at the bottom of a wall and on an adjacent floor. Such tape should be thin in order to avoid bending the rigid covering.
  • Shown in Figure 1 is a structure 10 having in this instance six segments such as 13 separated by fold lines 11 and having margins 12 of reduced thickness.
  • the structure as shown in Figure 2, comprises a self-adhesive membrane 20 typically of bituminous rubber material, and the six segments shown at 21 are formed from a continuous twin walled sheet with upper and lower walls 22 and 23 separated by a plurality of parallel transverse walls 24 which define a plurality of parallel channels in the material.
  • a release sheet is shown at 25.
  • the outer wall 22 or the inner wall is interrupted such that folding can take place.
  • Folding is such as to open up the cut, i.e. the adhesive membrane is on the inside of the fold when the cut is in the outer wall.
  • Folding can be performed so as to give a roll of material or in the manner shown in Figure 3 in a concertina fold.
  • the structure can be applied by removing the release sheet 25, not shown in Fig. 3, successively from the folded segments of the self adhesive material 20.
  • the folds instead of being in alternate directions could all be in the same direction with a view to forming a roll comprising a plurality of segments of the structure and which can be unwound as it is layed.
  • a suitable twin walled material is of polypropylene, 2 to 10 mm, preferably about 4 mm thick. It is laminated to the bitumen compound which can have a reinforcing mesh within it, which is particularly important to give it reinforcement at the folds. This material is very strong, it can readily withstand foot traffic and indeed can withstand impact from quite sharp objects without collapsing or puncturing so that the waterproofing function is maintained under all normal circumstances.
  • the material offers a continuous sheet substrate in immediate contact with the adhesive membrane 20. Application can be easier than with the prior art rolls, as it is more easy to align each segment correctly before placing it in contact with the surface to be covered. A result of the channel formation is that any leakage due to a defect in the membrane does not spread laterally.
  • a drainage facility can be introduced by perforating the outer wall 22 so as to allow access to the channels between the transverse walls 24. This is particularly useful in vertical exterior applications. Perforation can be with hot pins to melt material away. Other forms of relatively rigid material can also be adapted to give a drainage facility. Such applications are illustrated in Figure 4, which shows a vertical wall 42 and a horizontal blinding layer 43 of a basement structure arranged in a dug out portion of the ground. On the exterior of the vertical wall 42 is secured a structure 40 according to the invention which thus has the effects of waterproofing, mechanically protecting and draining land water from the adjacent surface of the concrete.
  • a structure 41 according to the invention to provide a waterproofing function, while being protected against damage whilst work proceeds before and in preparation for laying a layer of concrete thereon.
  • Folding may also be achieved by omitting parts of the covering material between segments thereof as shown in Figure 8. These resulting gaps can then be covered by a scrim or mesh 81 to keep particles away from the membrane, 82 and the scrim or mesh could be stretched or squashed as appropriate on folding.
  • a continuous film 83 is between membrane and segments, with a suitable adhesive system employed to retain the covering material on the film 83.
  • the invention extends to methods of waterproofing surfaces by applying a covering of a plurality of structures according to either aspect of the invention, with or without lap jointing between them.
  • FIG. 6 shows part of another embodiment of a structure of the invention.
  • An adhesive membrane 60 of the same type as before has a foam or board covering 61 divided into segments by grooves 62; the covering being continuous but thin enough in the areas of the grooves 62 to fold without rupture.
  • Figure 7 shows an embodiment with the rigid material 70 cut to form segments in alternate faces, so as to facilitate concertina type folding as shown in Figure 3.
  • Figure 9 shows use of a double sided adhesive strip 90 on a concrete surface 91 where adjacent structures 92 of the invention meet; such structures in this case do not have edges free of rigid covering material.
  • a liquid applied waterproofing compound can be used.
  • embodiments of the invention may provide the channels parallel to that length.
  • a structure of the invention comprising a self adhesive bituminous substrate 100 and, contiguous thereto, a layer of rigid material 101 which has channels 102 defined between side walls, which channels are parallel to the length of the structure.
  • the embodiment also illustrates another feature of the invention, which is that the fold lines between adjacent segments of the material 101 are provided by compressing the material, e.g. with a nip-roller or the like, rather than by cutting. Such nip-folding can be performed either transverse to or longitudinally of the channels where the relative rigid material is of the channel structure shown.
  • Embodiments such as that of Figure 10 can also include, where applicable, features of other embodiments described above.
  • Embodiments with the channels extending longitudinally have the advantages that continuous length manufacture may be easier, water is not drained from the channels into the main, longitudinal, lap joints, interchange of liquid flow between channels is easier at the fold lines, and with vertical surfaces, vertical positioning of the structures gives vertical channels, as is of course desired for drainage.
  • structures of the invention can be assembled on site rather than be factory made.
  • a separate membrane having perhaps a substrate of plastics material can, in certain cases, be applied first to a surface to be protected and the remainder of the structure can be applied as a separate item subsequently and be adhered in place, for instance by an adhesive which it carries.
  • Shown in Figure 11 is a structure 10 of the second aspect of the invention having a self-adhesive membrane 20 typically of bituminous rubber material, with a release sheet 21 on one side and a covering layer 22 on the other.
  • the covering layer 22 has upper and lower walls 23 and 24 separated by a plurality of parallel transverse walls 25 which define a plurality of parallel channels in the material.
  • the structure can be applied by removing the release sheet 21 and placing it against the surface to be protected in a firm manner. In the second aspect, the structure does not fold.
  • a suitable twin walled covering material 22 is of polypropylene and is as described above in connection with the first aspect. It is laminated to the bitumen compound which can have a reinforcing mesh within it.
  • This covering material is very strong, it can readily withstand foot traffic and indeed can withstand impact from quite sharp objects without collapsing or puncturing so that the waterproofing function is maintained under all normal circumstances. Application is much easier than with the prior art rolls, as it is more easy to align the structure correctly before placing it in contact with the surface to be covered. A result of the channel formation is that any leakage due to a defect in the membrane does not spread laterally.
  • a drainage facility can be introduced by perforating the outer wall 23 so as to allow access to the channels between the transverse walls 25.
  • the illustration of Figure 3 is as applicable to the second aspect as to the first. Drainage could also be achieved as shown in Figure 3 by removing the outer sheet of the covering material at intervals, and covering the resulting gaps by a scrim or mesh 81 to keep particles away from the membrane.
  • an optional continuous film 83 such as all embodiments could have is shown between the membrane and rigid covering, with a suitable adhesive system employed to retain the covering material on film 83.
  • Figure 10 is a structure of the second aspect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
EP19890304474 1988-05-04 1989-05-04 Biegsame, wasserundurchlässige Platte Expired - Lifetime EP0341051B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89304474T ATE88232T1 (de) 1988-05-04 1989-05-04 Biegsame, wasserundurchlaessige platte.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB888810488A GB8810488D0 (en) 1988-05-04 1988-05-04 Waterproofing structure
GB8810488 1988-05-04
GB8810489 1988-05-04
GB888810489A GB8810489D0 (en) 1988-05-04 1988-05-04 Foldable waterproofing structure

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0341051A2 true EP0341051A2 (de) 1989-11-08
EP0341051A3 EP0341051A3 (en) 1990-02-07
EP0341051B1 EP0341051B1 (de) 1993-04-14

Family

ID=26293849

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890304474 Expired - Lifetime EP0341051B1 (de) 1988-05-04 1989-05-04 Biegsame, wasserundurchlässige Platte

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0341051B1 (de)
DE (1) DE68905951T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2040464T3 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29722745U1 (de) * 1997-12-23 1998-02-19 Jafoplast Folien GmbH, 30916 Isernhagen Dichtungsfolienrolle
AT409153B (de) * 2000-03-03 2002-06-25 F Sis Ges M B H Dichtungs- bzw. isolierbahn aus (polymer-)bitumen

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1230754A (de) * 1966-10-21 1971-05-05
FR1582581A (de) * 1968-07-30 1969-10-03
DE6911549U (de) * 1969-03-22 1969-09-04 J & O Krebber Fa Verbund-daemmplatte
US3832263A (en) * 1971-05-10 1974-08-27 Upjohn Co Thermal insulating barrier of cellular polymer blocks
DE2729623A1 (de) * 1977-06-30 1979-01-11 Wilkins & Ass Wabenkoerper mit zellen von dreieckiger querschnittsform
DE8119141U1 (de) * 1981-07-01 1981-11-26 J. & Otto Krebber GmbH & Co KG, 4200 Oberhausen Verbund-daemmplatte

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29722745U1 (de) * 1997-12-23 1998-02-19 Jafoplast Folien GmbH, 30916 Isernhagen Dichtungsfolienrolle
AT409153B (de) * 2000-03-03 2002-06-25 F Sis Ges M B H Dichtungs- bzw. isolierbahn aus (polymer-)bitumen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2040464T3 (es) 1993-10-16
EP0341051A3 (en) 1990-02-07
DE68905951D1 (de) 1993-05-19
DE68905951T2 (de) 1993-07-22
EP0341051B1 (de) 1993-04-14

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