EP0339223B1 - Construction element of hardened, resin-impregnated fabric, and method for making the same - Google Patents

Construction element of hardened, resin-impregnated fabric, and method for making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0339223B1
EP0339223B1 EP89104264A EP89104264A EP0339223B1 EP 0339223 B1 EP0339223 B1 EP 0339223B1 EP 89104264 A EP89104264 A EP 89104264A EP 89104264 A EP89104264 A EP 89104264A EP 0339223 B1 EP0339223 B1 EP 0339223B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
warp
folds
fibre
fold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89104264A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0339223A2 (en
EP0339223A3 (en
Inventor
Hans-Friedrich Siegling
Wolfgang Böttger
Kurt Biedermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vorwerk and Co Interholding GmbH
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
Vorwerk and Co Interholding GmbH
Daimler Benz Aerospace AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Vorwerk and Co Interholding GmbH, Daimler Benz Aerospace AG filed Critical Vorwerk and Co Interholding GmbH
Publication of EP0339223A2 publication Critical patent/EP0339223A2/en
Publication of EP0339223A3 publication Critical patent/EP0339223A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0339223B1 publication Critical patent/EP0339223B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D03D11/02—Fabrics formed with pockets, tubes, loops, folds, tucks or flaps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/902—High modulus filament or fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24174—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including sheet or component perpendicular to plane of web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24174—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including sheet or component perpendicular to plane of web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24182—Inward from edge of web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/2457—Parallel ribs and/or grooves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24612—Composite web or sheet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing the component according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • the object of the invention is to increase the proportion of the reinforcing textile structure, ie. H. the thickness, to achieve without having to use the layer addition explained.
  • the desired initial thickness can be realized in one piece with simple means and without the time-consuming and expensive addition of layers.
  • the production can be set up on conventional weaving machines.
  • the fabric maintains a high level of suppleness (compared to a self-locking sewn or otherwise connected laminate).
  • the material accumulation in the third dimension is based on a rich, extremely tightly adjustable fold structure, a kind of pleated fabric.
  • the folds are adjustable in length and can be varied among themselves. Since they originate from a basic level, the fabric is also easy to control in production.
  • the procedure is advantageously such that the fabric consists of two warp systems, the second of which is used to form folds fastened to the first warp system at both ends, the two warp systems being connected to one another by means of fixing shots at the fold ends.
  • the weft threads of the first warp system are the fixing wefts. These extend in the plane of the tensioned base chain, which is practically used as a kind of guide rail for attaching the folds.
  • the protuberances of the pleated fabric are each on the same side of the base fabric are arranged.
  • the double-legged, comb-like folding structure can turn out in such a way that the folds assume an overlapping structure like a roof shingle.
  • the warp threads for the fixing wefts are made of a thinner material than the warp threads for the pleated fabric.
  • the procedure is further such that the goods take-off roller is turned back to form the folds.
  • it is then rewound onto the warp beam by means of a winding gear motor.
  • the basis for achieving a textile structure of a fabric G of greater thickness is a fold-like structure.
  • at least two warp systems I, II are used.
  • One chain system I forms a basic chain.
  • the other warp system II forms a fold chain.
  • the warp system I in conjunction with fixation shots 1 and 2, acts as a carrier for the folds F. It forms the real reason.
  • the shots in the fold-forming second warp system II have the reference number 3. They are the so-called fold shots.
  • the pleated chain (warp system II) is attached in the area of the fixing wefts 1 and 2 into the base fabric formed by the threads 4 of the basic chain (warp system I) and the fixing wefts 1 and 2.
  • shots are then only entered in the fold chain; whose threads are labeled 5. They cross each other alternately and cross each other.
  • the maximum fold height is determined by the distance between the reed 6 at the blade stop and the take-off roller 7 of the weaving machine and can be more than 10 cm.
  • the goods are deducted according to the desired weft density.
  • weft number weft density x fold height x 2
  • the stoppage is brought about.
  • the base warp threads 4 are blackened and the fold warp threads 5 are left white.
  • Both systems I, II have their own warp beam.
  • the folds F seen in cross-section, rooting at both ends in the base fabric, all protrude on the same side of the fabric G in the exemplary embodiment. They are also of the same height. According to variant Fig. 3, they protrude perpendicular to the plane E-E of the fabric G.
  • the variant according to FIG. 4 shows a parallel orientation outside of said vertical. There they assume a roof shingle-like structure with an acute angle of inclination Alpha of, for example, 45 °.
  • fixing shots 1, 2 can be entered.
  • the exemplary embodiment shows the same thread thickness with respect to the wefts.
  • a certain angle of the folds F in the finished Structure can be reached, this angle is controlled by the distance of the folds in the base fabric.
  • folds can be alternately produced from different warp and weft materials.
  • Other mixed forms are also conceivable and should be selected according to the intended purpose.
  • different weft materials can be used by changing the weft in the individual folds F, so that a structure which is particularly suitable for ablation materials can be produced.
  • the basic chain (warp system I) is kept under tension (FIG. 10).
  • the goods take-off roller 7 is rotated back by the amount of the pleated fabric by means of an electronically controlled return device.
  • the base chain which is thereby loosened is wound back onto the warp beam 8 by means of a winding motor.
  • the chain is withdrawn according to the length of the fold in the direction of the arrow y.
  • the weaving machine automatically starts up again.
  • the subsequent leaf stop pushes the first fixation weft of the new weave repeat into the second fixation weft of the previous weave repeat and thus throws the fabric, formed from the fold chain and the fold weft, to the fold.
  • the fixing section 2 contributes to the further fixing of the fold.
  • the warp deduction according to the weft density takes place in the direction of arrow z.
  • the warp beam for the pleated chain (warp system II) is designated 9.
  • the shafts 10, like the reed 6 in front of the fabric edge 11, are only shown schematically.
  • high-performance fibers are processed in pure form or in a mixed form, such as glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber and processed into a composite material using a resin matrix.
  • the illustration in FIG. 1 may suffice as a product reference in this regard.
  • This shows the wrinkled structure on an engine wall.
  • the enclosed chamber 12 is essentially cylindrical, but can also be converted into other shapes using the suppleness of the structure.
  • the direction of flow of the hot gases is indicated by arrow x.
  • the associated combustion chamber wall results from FIG. 1 and is designated 13; it is made of steel.
  • a roll-in shape is also possible, the folds F pointing outward, for example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fabric (G) for making a constructional part, especially a hardened resin-saturated constructional part, the fabric consisting of an industrial yarn, such as particularly aramid fibre, carbon fibre, ceramic fibre or glass fibre, and proposes, in order to increase the proportion of reinforcing textile structure, that the fabric (G) consists of two warp systems, of which the second serves for forming folds (F) fastened to the first warp system at both ends, as seen in cross-section, the two warp systems being connected to one another at the fold ends by means of fixing wefts (1, 2). The textile structure can advantageously be produced in one piece; there is no need for a multi-part construction making it more expensive. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Bauteil gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Bauteils gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruches 6.The invention relates to a component according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing the component according to the preamble of claim 6.

Durch die EP-OS 0 056 351 ist es bekannt, aus einem Mehrlagengewebe bestehende faserverstärkte Verbundkörper durch Addition separater Gewebeteile zu verstärken. Solche separaten Verstärkungsleisten bilden naturgemäß Schwachstellen, da ihr Gewebeverbund zum Mehrlagengewebe hin fehlt.From EP-OS 0 056 351 it is known to reinforce fiber-reinforced composite bodies consisting of a multi-layer fabric by adding separate fabric parts. Such separate reinforcement strips naturally form weak points, since their fabric connection to the multi-layer fabric is missing.

Durch die US-PS 34 81 427 existiert der Vorschlag, ein textiles, webtechnisch erzeugbares Bauteil zu kammern. Dabei kommt Fiberglas zur Anwendung. Die Kammerung erreicht man im Hohlwebeverfahren; es liegen also in der dritten Dimension verbindende Wände vor.Through the US-PS 34 81 427, the proposal exists to chamber a textile, weavable component. Fiberglass is used here. The chambering is achieved in the hollow weaving process; there are walls connecting in the third dimension.

Weiter ist aus "L'Industrie Textile" Band 395, Januar 1966, Seiten 33 bis 36 ein Faltenstoff an sich bekannt. Diese Literaturstelle beschäftigt sich aber nicht mit einem Bauteil, das etwa aus einem derartigen harzgetränkten Stoff bestünde. Eine Übereinanderlage von Falten, daß es zu einer Materialanhäufung in der dritten Dimension im wesentlichen Umfang kommt, ist dieser Schrift desgleichen nicht zu entnehmen.Furthermore, from "L'Industrie Textile" volume 395, January 1966, pages 33 to 36, a pleated fabric is known per se. However, this reference does not deal with a component that would consist of such a resin-impregnated substance. A superimposition of folds that material accumulation in the third dimension essentially occurs is likewise not apparent from this document.

Im übrigen haben Textilstrukturen, die zu Verbundwerkstoffen herangezogen worden sind, ein weites Anwendungsfeld gefunden, vornehmlich auch in der Luft- und Raumfahrt.In addition, textile structures that have been used for composite materials have found a wide range of applications, primarily also in the aerospace industry.

Zum Beispiel werden sie in Triebwerkskammern eingesetzt. Um auf die gewünschte Dicke zu kommen, geht man in aller Regel den Weg der Stapelung bzw. des Übereinanderwickelns der textilen Einzellagen. Das Aufeinanderlegen mehrerer Gewebe ist aber sehr aufwendig und erfordert zur Vermeidung des Verrutschens einzelner Lagen einen zusätzlichen Nähprozeß, der bei Einsatz von Hochleistungsfasern zu ungewünschten, teilweisen Beschädigungen derselben führt.For example, they are used in engine chambers. In order to achieve the desired thickness, the path of stacking or winding the individual textile layers over one another is generally followed. The stacking of several fabrics is very complex and requires an additional sewing process to avoid slipping of individual layers, which leads to undesired, partial damage to the same when using high-performance fibers.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, mit baulich einfachen Mitteln eine Erhöhung des Anteils der armierenden Textilstruktur, d. h. der Dicke, zu erzielen, ohne die erläuterte Lagenaddition anwenden zu müssen.The object of the invention is to increase the proportion of the reinforcing textile structure, ie. H. the thickness, to achieve without having to use the layer addition explained.

Gelöst ist diese Aufgabe durch die in den Ansprüchen 1 und 6 angegebene Erfindung.This object is achieved by the invention specified in claims 1 and 6.

Die Unteransprüche sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen.The subclaims are advantageous developments.

Zufolge solcher Ausgestaltung ist mit einfachen Mitteln und unter Verzicht auf zeitraubende und teure Addition von Lagen die gewünschte Ausgangsdicke einstückig realisierbar. Die Fertigung läßt sich auf üblichen Webmaschinen einrichten. Das Gewebe behält eine hochgradige Geschmeidigkeit (gegenüber einem selbstsperrend wirkenden vernähten oder sonstwie verbundenen Laminat). Die Materialanhäufung in der dritten Dimension beruht auf einer reichen, äußerst eng einstellbaren Faltenstruktur, einer Art Plisseegewebe. Die Falten sind in ihrer Länge einstellbar und untereinander variierbar. Da sie einer Grundebene entspringen, ist das Gewebe auch in der Fertigung bestens beherrschbar. In vorteilhafter Weise wird so vorgegangen, daß das Gewebe aus zwei Kettsystemen besteht, deren zweites zur Bildung von im Querschnitt beidendig an dem ersten Kettsystem befestigten Falten dient, wobei beide Kettsysteme mittels Fixierschüssen an den Faltenenden miteinander verbunden sind. Neben dem Vorteil größerer Dicken liegt eine aus der Sicht der Beanspruchung optimale Faserorientierung vor. Belastungsschwerpunkte bzw. -richtungen lassen sich demzufolge bestens berücksichtigen. Dabei erweist es sich weiter als vorteilhaft, daß die Schußfäden des ersten Kettsystems die Fixierschüsse sind. Diese erstrecken sich in der Ebene der gespannt gehaltenen Grundkette, die praktisch als eine Art Führungsschiene für das Anschlagen der Falten genutzt wird. Vorteilhaft ist es darüber hinaus, daß die Ausstülpungen des Faltengewebes jeweils auf derselben Seite des Grundgewebes angeordnet sind. Die doppelschenklige, kammartige Faltstruktur kann in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung so ausfallen, daß die Falten eine dachschindelartige Überlappungsstruktur einnehmen. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es vorteilhaft, daß die Kettfäden für die Fixierschüsse aus einem dünneren Material als die Kettfäden für das Faltengewebe bestehen. Ein vorteilhaftes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gewebes für ein Bauteil, insbesondere ein ausgehärtet harzgetränktes Bauteil, wobei das Gewebe aus einem technischen Garn, wie insbesondere Aramidfaser, Kohlefaser, Keramikfaser oder Glasfaser besteht, wobei weiter das Gewebe aus zwei Kettsystemen besteht, deren zweites zur Ausbildung von im Querschnitt beidendig an dem ersten Kettsystem befestigten Falten dient und wobei beide Kettsysteme mittels Fixierschüssen an den Faltenenden miteinander verbunden sind, besteht darin, daß zunächst das Grundgewebe und das Faltengewebe mit gleicher Länge gewebt werden und sodann zur Ausbildung der Falten das Grundgewebe mittels einer Warenabzugswalze verkürzt wird. Dabei ist weiter so vorgegangen, daß die Warenabzugswalze zur Bildung der Falten zurückgedreht wird. Zur Wiederherstellung der Arbeitsspannung der Grundkette wird diese sodann mittels eines Wickelgetriebemotors auf den Kettbaum zurückgewickelt.As a result of such a configuration, the desired initial thickness can be realized in one piece with simple means and without the time-consuming and expensive addition of layers. The production can be set up on conventional weaving machines. The fabric maintains a high level of suppleness (compared to a self-locking sewn or otherwise connected laminate). The material accumulation in the third dimension is based on a rich, extremely tightly adjustable fold structure, a kind of pleated fabric. The folds are adjustable in length and can be varied among themselves. Since they originate from a basic level, the fabric is also easy to control in production. The procedure is advantageously such that the fabric consists of two warp systems, the second of which is used to form folds fastened to the first warp system at both ends, the two warp systems being connected to one another by means of fixing shots at the fold ends. In addition to the advantage of larger thicknesses, there is an optimal fiber orientation from the point of view of stress. The main stresses and directions can therefore be taken into account very well. It also proves to be advantageous that the weft threads of the first warp system are the fixing wefts. These extend in the plane of the tensioned base chain, which is practically used as a kind of guide rail for attaching the folds. It is also advantageous that the protuberances of the pleated fabric are each on the same side of the base fabric are arranged. In an advantageous further development, the double-legged, comb-like folding structure can turn out in such a way that the folds assume an overlapping structure like a roof shingle. In this context, it is advantageous that the warp threads for the fixing wefts are made of a thinner material than the warp threads for the pleated fabric. An advantageous method for producing a fabric for a component, in particular a cured resin-impregnated component, the fabric consisting of a technical yarn, such as in particular aramid fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber or glass fiber, the fabric further consisting of two warp systems, the second of which is used to form Folds attached to the first warp system at both ends in cross-section and both warp systems are connected to one another by means of fixing shots at the ends of the folds becomes. The procedure is further such that the goods take-off roller is turned back to form the folds. To restore the working tension of the basic chain, it is then rewound onto the warp beam by means of a winding gear motor.

Der Erfindungsgegenstand sowie das Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung wird anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles nachfolgend näher erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
eine Triebwerkswand in schematischer Darstellung mit angedeuteter Strömungsrichtung der heißen Gase,
Fig. 2
in perspektivischer Darstellung einen Gewebeabschnitt,
Fig. 3
eine Stirnansicht hierzu, durch die Faltenöffnungen gesehen,
Fig. 4
eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung bei abgeklappter Faltenschar,
Fig. 5
eine Seitenansicht gegen das Webbild, in weitestgehend schematisierter Wiedergabe,
Fig. 6
den Bindebereich zwischen einander benachbarten Faltenwurzeln, und zwar weiter vergrößert,
Fig. 7
eine der Fig. 5 entsprechende Darstellung, jedoch nach Faltenbildung,
Fig. 8
die Darstellung gemäß Fig. 5 in Perspektive,
Fig. 9
die Darstellung gemäß Fig. 7 in Perspektive, beide vergrößert und
Fig. 10
eine Prinzipskizze der Webmaschine zur Herstellung von Faltengeweben.
The subject matter of the invention and the method for its production are explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. It shows
Fig. 1
an engine wall in a schematic representation with indicated flow direction of the hot gases,
Fig. 2
a perspective view of a tissue section,
Fig. 3
a front view of this, seen through the fold openings,
Fig. 4
3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 3 with the fold group folded down,
Fig. 5
a side view against the web image, in a largely schematic representation,
Fig. 6
the binding area between adjacent fold roots, and further enlarged,
Fig. 7
5 corresponding representation, but after wrinkling,
Fig. 8
5 in perspective,
Fig. 9
7 in perspective, both enlarged and
Fig. 10
a schematic diagram of the weaving machine for the production of pleated fabrics.

Die Grundlage zur Erzielung einer Textilienstruktur eines Gewebes G größerer Dicke ist ein faltenförmiger Aufbau. Hierzu wird mit mindestens zwei Kettsystemen I, II gearbeitet.The basis for achieving a textile structure of a fabric G of greater thickness is a fold-like structure. For this purpose, at least two warp systems I, II are used.

Das eine Kettsystem I bildet eine Grundkette.One chain system I forms a basic chain.

Das andere Kettsystem II bildet eine Faltenkette.The other warp system II forms a fold chain.

Das Kettsystem I übernimmt in Verbindung mit Fixierschüssen 1 und 2 die Trägerfunktion für die Falten F. Es bildet so den wahren Grund.The warp system I, in conjunction with fixation shots 1 and 2, acts as a carrier for the folds F. It forms the real reason.

Die Schüsse im faltenbildenden zweiten Kettsystem II tragen die Bezugsziffer 3. Es sind die sogenannten Faltenschüsse.The shots in the fold-forming second warp system II have the reference number 3. They are the so-called fold shots.

Wie den Zeichnungen entnehmbar, wird die Faltenkette (Kettsystem II) im Bereich der Fixierschüsse 1 und 2 in das von den Fäden 4 der Grundkette (Kettsystem I) und den Fixierschüssen 1 und 2 gebildete Grundgewebe angeheftet. Je nach gewünschter Faltenhöhe H werden darauf folgend Schüsse nur in die Faltenkette eingetragen; deren Fäden mit 5 bezeichnet sind. Sie treten jeweils wechselweise über und kreuzen einander. Die maximale Faltenhöhe ist bestimmt durch den Abstand zwischen dem Webblatt 6 bei Blattanschlag und der Warenabzugswalze 7 der Webmaschine und kann mehr als 10 cm betragen. Dabei findet ein der gewünschten Schußdichte entsprechender Warenabzug statt. Je nach Erreichung der gewünschten Schußzahl (Schußzahl = Schußdichte x Faltenhöhe x 2) wird, gesteuert von der Schaftkarte der Webmaschine, die Stillsetzung bewirkt. Die Grundkett-Fäden 4 sind geschwärzt und die Falten-Kettfäden 5 weiß gelassen. Beide Systeme I, II haben einen eigenen Kettbaum.As can be seen from the drawings, the pleated chain (warp system II) is attached in the area of the fixing wefts 1 and 2 into the base fabric formed by the threads 4 of the basic chain (warp system I) and the fixing wefts 1 and 2. Depending on the desired fold height H, shots are then only entered in the fold chain; whose threads are labeled 5. They cross each other alternately and cross each other. The maximum fold height is determined by the distance between the reed 6 at the blade stop and the take-off roller 7 of the weaving machine and can be more than 10 cm. The goods are deducted according to the desired weft density. Depending on the achievement of the desired number of wefts (weft number = weft density x fold height x 2), controlled by the shaft card of the weaving machine, the stoppage is brought about. The base warp threads 4 are blackened and the fold warp threads 5 are left white. Both systems I, II have their own warp beam.

Die, im Querschnitt gesehen, an beiden Enden im Grundgewebe wurzelnden Falten F stülpen beim Ausführungsbeispiel sämtlich auf derselben Seite des Gewebes G aus. Auch sind sie von gleicher Höhe. Gemäß Variante Fig. 3 stehen sie senkrecht zur Ebene E-E des Gewebes G ab. Die Variante gemäß Fig. 4 zeigt eine parallellagige Ausrichtung außerhalb der besagten Senkrechten. Sie nehmen dort eine dachschindelartige Struktur an in einem spitzen Neigungswinkel Alpha von bspw. 45°.The folds F, seen in cross-section, rooting at both ends in the base fabric, all protrude on the same side of the fabric G in the exemplary embodiment. They are also of the same height. According to variant Fig. 3, they protrude perpendicular to the plane E-E of the fabric G. The variant according to FIG. 4 shows a parallel orientation outside of said vertical. There they assume a roof shingle-like structure with an acute angle of inclination Alpha of, for example, 45 °.

Je nach dem gewünschten Faltenabstand können mehr oder weniger Fixierschüsse 1, 2 eingetragen werden. Wird z. B. ein dichter, senkrechter Faltenstand angestrebt (vergl. Fig. 3), so werden nur ein oder zwei Fixierschüsse eingetragen, wobei diese zur Verstärkung des Effektes zusätzlich aus dünnerem Material bestehen können. Das Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt allerdings bezüglich der Schüsse eine gleiche Fadendicke. Soll dagegen ein bestimmter Winkel der Falten F in der fertigen Struktur erreicht werden, so wird dieser Winkel vom Abstand der Falten im Grundgewebe gesteuert.Depending on the desired spacing of folds, more or fewer fixing shots 1, 2 can be entered. Is z. B. a dense, vertical fold level is sought (see. Fig. 3), only one or two fixation shots are entered, which may additionally consist of thinner material to reinforce the effect. However, the exemplary embodiment shows the same thread thickness with respect to the wefts. In contrast, a certain angle of the folds F in the finished Structure can be reached, this angle is controlled by the distance of the folds in the base fabric.

Durch Einsatz von mehr als einer Faltenkette (Kettsystem II) können abwechselnd Falten aus unterschiedlichem Kett- und Schußmaterial hergestellt werden. Auch sonstige Mischformen sind denkbar und dem beabsichtigten Zweck entsprechend zu wählen. So können bspw. mittels Schußwechsels in den einzelnen Falten F unterschiedliche Schußmaterialien eingesetzt werden, so daß sich ein -besonders für Ablationsmaterialiengeeigneter Aufbau herstellen läßt.By using more than one fold chain (warp system II), folds can be alternately produced from different warp and weft materials. Other mixed forms are also conceivable and should be selected according to the intended purpose. For example, different weft materials can be used by changing the weft in the individual folds F, so that a structure which is particularly suitable for ablation materials can be produced.

Während des Webprozesses wird die Grundkette (Kettsystem I) unter Vorspannung gehalten (Fig. 10). Mittels einer elektronisch gesteuerten Rücklaufeinrichtung wird die Warenabzugswalze 7 um den Betrag des Faltengewebes zurückgedreht. Die dadurch locker werdende Grundkette wird mittels eines Wickelmotors auf den Kettbaum 8 zurückgewickelt. Die Kettrücknahme entsprechend der Faltenlänge geschieht in Pfeilrichtung y. Nach Wiedererreichen der Arbeitsspannung der Grundkette (Kettsystem 1) setzt sich die Webmaschine automatisch wieder in Betrieb. Der darauf folgende Blattanschlag schiebt den ersten Fixierschuß des neuen Bindungsrapports in den zweiten Fixierschuß des vorhergehenden Bindungsrapports und wirft damit das Gewebe, gebildet aus der Faltenkette und dem Faltenschuß, zur Falte auf. Der Fixierschuß 2 trägt dabei zur weiteren Fixierung der Falte bei. Der Kettabzug entsprechend der Schußdichte erfolgt in Pfeilrichtung z. Der Kettbaum für die Faltenkette (Kettsystem II) ist mit 9 bezeichnet. Die Schäfte 10 sind wie auch das vor dem Warenrand 11 stehene Webblatt 6 nur schematisch dargestellt.During the weaving process, the basic chain (warp system I) is kept under tension (FIG. 10). The goods take-off roller 7 is rotated back by the amount of the pleated fabric by means of an electronically controlled return device. The base chain which is thereby loosened is wound back onto the warp beam 8 by means of a winding motor. The chain is withdrawn according to the length of the fold in the direction of the arrow y. After the working tension of the basic chain (warp system 1) is reached again, the weaving machine automatically starts up again. The subsequent leaf stop pushes the first fixation weft of the new weave repeat into the second fixation weft of the previous weave repeat and thus throws the fabric, formed from the fold chain and the fold weft, to the fold. The fixing section 2 contributes to the further fixing of the fold. The warp deduction according to the weft density takes place in the direction of arrow z. The warp beam for the pleated chain (warp system II) is designated 9. The shafts 10, like the reed 6 in front of the fabric edge 11, are only shown schematically.

Je nach Einsatzgebiet werden Hochleistungsfasern in reiner Form oder auch in einer Mischform verarbeitet, wie Glasfaser, Aramidfaser, Kohlefaser und mittels einer Harzmatrix zu einem Verbundwerkstoff verarbeitet. Als diesbezüglicher Produkthinweis mag die Darstellung in Fig. 1 genügen. Diese zeigt die faltenförmige Struktur an einer Triebwerkswand. Die umschlossene Kammer 12 ist im wesentlichen zylindrisch, läßt sich aber unter Nutzung der Geschmeidigkeit der Struktur auch in andere Formen überführen. Die Strömungsrichtung der heißen Gase ist durch Pfeil x kenntlich gemacht. Die zugehörige Brennkammerwand ergibt sich aus Fig. 1 und ist mit 13 bezeichnet; sie besteht aus Stahl.Depending on the area of application, high-performance fibers are processed in pure form or in a mixed form, such as glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber and processed into a composite material using a resin matrix. The illustration in FIG. 1 may suffice as a product reference in this regard. This shows the wrinkled structure on an engine wall. The enclosed chamber 12 is essentially cylindrical, but can also be converted into other shapes using the suppleness of the structure. The direction of flow of the hot gases is indicated by arrow x. The associated combustion chamber wall results from FIG. 1 and is designated 13; it is made of steel.

Auch ist eine Einroll-Form möglich, wobei die Falten F bspw. nach außen weisen.A roll-in shape is also possible, the folds F pointing outward, for example.

Claims (8)

  1. Hardened resin-impregnated structural member based on a fabric, wherein the fabric consists of an industrial yarn such as in particular aramide fibre, carbon fibre, ceramic fibre or glass fibre, characterised in that the fabric (G) consists of two warp systems (I, II) of which the second one (II) serves to form folds (F) attached to the first warp system (I) at both ends in cross-section, wherein the two warp systems (I, II) are connected to each other at the ends of the folds by means of fixing wefts (1, 2), with such a close fold structure that due to overlapping of the folds an accumulation of material in the third dimension is achieved.
  2. Structural member according to claim 1, characterised in that the weft threads of the first warp system (I) are the fixing wefts (1, 2).
  3. Structural member according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the protuberances of the folded fabric are arranged in each case on the same side of the ground fabric.
  4. Structural member according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the folds (F) have a roof shingle-like overlapping structure.
  5. Structural member according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the weft threads for the fixing wefts (1, 2) are made of a thinner material than the fold wefts (3) for the folded fabric.
  6. Method for the manufacture of a hardened resinimpregnated structural member based on a fabric, wherein the fabric consists of an industrial yarn such as in particular aramide fibre, carbon fibre, ceramic fibre or glass fibre, characterised in that in the case of a fabric (G) which consists of two warp systems (I, II) of which the second one (II) serves to form folds (F) attached to the first warp system (I) at both ends in cross-section, wherein the two warp systems (I, II) are connected to each other at the ends of the folds by means of fixing wefts (1, 2), with such a close fold structure that due to overlapping of the folds an accumulation of material in the third dimension is achieved, first the ground warp system (I) and fold warp system (II) are woven with essentially the same length, then the ground warp is shortened by means of the fabric take-off roller (7) to form the folds (F).
  7. Method according to claim 6, characterised in that the fabric take-off roller (7) is reversed to form the folds (F).
  8. Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that, to restore the working tension of the ground warp (warp system I), the latter is rewound by means of a winding gear motor onto the warp beam (8).
EP89104264A 1988-04-23 1989-03-10 Construction element of hardened, resin-impregnated fabric, and method for making the same Expired - Lifetime EP0339223B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3813740A DE3813740A1 (en) 1988-04-23 1988-04-23 FABRIC FOR PRODUCING A COMPONENT
DE3813740 1988-04-23

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EP0339223A2 EP0339223A2 (en) 1989-11-02
EP0339223A3 EP0339223A3 (en) 1991-08-28
EP0339223B1 true EP0339223B1 (en) 1995-05-10

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EP (1) EP0339223B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01314751A (en)
AT (1) ATE122409T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8901910A (en)
CA (1) CA1323285C (en)
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DE (2) DE3813740A1 (en)
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DE102018217421A1 (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-04-16 Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Weaving machine for the production of folds, in particular pleated folds, and / or fabric having loops, and method for producing such a fabric
DE102018217421B4 (en) 2018-10-11 2022-06-09 Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Weaving machine for producing folds, in particular pleated folds, and/or loops in fabric, and method for producing such a fabric

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Publication number Publication date
DD287540A5 (en) 1991-02-28
JPH01314751A (en) 1989-12-19
CA1323285C (en) 1993-10-19
US5041324A (en) 1991-08-20
BR8901910A (en) 1989-11-28
ATE122409T1 (en) 1995-05-15
EP0339223A2 (en) 1989-11-02
IL90003A0 (en) 1989-12-15
EP0339223A3 (en) 1991-08-28
DE58909224D1 (en) 1995-06-14
ES2071627T3 (en) 1995-07-01
DE3813740A1 (en) 1989-11-02

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