EP0338230A2 - Pressurization device, with a drive fluid, for a compression chamber - Google Patents

Pressurization device, with a drive fluid, for a compression chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0338230A2
EP0338230A2 EP89104061A EP89104061A EP0338230A2 EP 0338230 A2 EP0338230 A2 EP 0338230A2 EP 89104061 A EP89104061 A EP 89104061A EP 89104061 A EP89104061 A EP 89104061A EP 0338230 A2 EP0338230 A2 EP 0338230A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
chamber
compression chamber
pump
pressing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP89104061A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0338230A3 (en
Inventor
Paolo Rondina
Giuseppe Battistoni
Vincenzo Di Napoli
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TECNOSIPREM Srl
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TECNOSIPREM Srl
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Priority claimed from IT20221/88A external-priority patent/IT1217428B/en
Priority claimed from IT8820725A external-priority patent/IT8820725A0/en
Application filed by TECNOSIPREM Srl filed Critical TECNOSIPREM Srl
Publication of EP0338230A2 publication Critical patent/EP0338230A2/en
Publication of EP0338230A3 publication Critical patent/EP0338230A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/22—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using a flexible member, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/047—Control arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for pressurizing, by means of a working fluid, a compression chamber, more particularly intended to equip installations for the pressing of substances containing a liquid, for example fruit.
  • Presses are known for pressing grapes which essentially comprise a tank divided by a membrane into a compression chamber and a pressing chamber; the working fluid is introduced into the compression chamber, so that the membrane comes to bear against the substance from which the liquid is to be extracted.
  • the operating time of the pressure pump is determined by a small electronic control unit which, using a probe, measures the pressure inside the pressure chamber. compression.
  • the pressure pump is actuated to supply additional pressure so that the pressure reduction does not occur in a lapse of time. longer than the preset time; it is then that a drain pump is activated which removes the working fluid from the compression chamber.
  • the pressing action consequently presents a diagram of the kind of that shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawing, diagram on which it is easy to identify successive pressure levels and which shows a discontinuous pressing action.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a device which allows the pressing of the grape so as to obtain progressive pressure increases, comprising no jerk and according to a well defined program.
  • the invention proposes to allow the production of a device which ensures the pressing of the grapes according to durations and oenological results similar to those and to those of traditional vertical presses, in particular that known under the name of "MARMONIER ".
  • Yet another object of the invention lies in a device capable of facilitating the implementation of the pressing program of the electronic control unit.
  • a device for regulating the pressure in a compression chamber using a working fluid and for maintaining constant pressure in said chamber inside which the pressure tends to decrease irregularly comprising at least one pressure pump for delivering pressure under pressure the working fluid into the aforementioned chamber and at least one supply line which makes the pump communicate with the chamber, and characterized in what there is provided at least one control valve capable of intercepting the fluid in the supply line, as well as means for controlling the opening and closing, total or partial, of said valve, these means control themselves comprising at least one sensor for measuring the pressure prevailing in the compression chamber, means for controlling the abovementioned control valve as a function at least of the value of the pressure recorded e in the chamber, and means for detecting the degree of opening of this valve.
  • the device according to the invention was supposed to be applied to a press for the grapes which comprises a pressing tank 2 inside which and in the known manner a membrane defines a compression chamber and a pressing chamber.
  • the grape to be pressed In the pressing chamber is introduced the grape to be pressed, while in the compression chamber is sent a driving fluid so that the membrane presses the grape in the usual way.
  • the installation advantageously uses water as the working fluid, so that there is also provided a reservoir 3 hydraulically connected to the device 1.
  • This device 1 substantially comprises a filling pump 4, a pressure pump 5 and a drain pump 6, mounted in parallel on the one hand on a supply pipe 7 connected to the compression chamber of the tank 2 and of on the other hand on a main pipe 8 which communicates with the tank 3.
  • each of the pumps 4,5 and 6 is associated with a closing valve 9 which separates the envisaged pump from the supply pipe 7.
  • a bypass 10 is connected to the supply line 7 and is preferably connected to the main line 8 which communicates with the reservoir 3 containing the fluid under pressure.
  • a modulating control valve 11 provided with means for controlling its opening, advantageously constituted by a solenoid 12, as well as means for measuring the degree of opening, produced in the form of a detector. proximity which translates said degree into an electrical signal.
  • the means 12 for actuating the valve 11 are connected to an electronic central unit 13 which is itself connected to the pumps 4, 5 and 6 and to a sensor 14 suitable for measuring the pressure prevailing inside the chamber. compression.
  • the filling pump 4 sends the working fluid into the compression chamber of the tank 2 until the membrane presses against the grapes contained in the pressing chamber with a relatively low pressure. Indeed this pump 4 has a reduced power, but a large flow so as to be able to operate the filling of the compression chamber in a short period of time.
  • the pump 5 is actuated which brings the fluid to the pressure provided for the pressing of the grapes and this in a determined period of time, controlled by means of the central unit 13.
  • control unit 13 determines the opening, total or partial, of the control valve 11 so that the excess fluid sent to the supply line 7 is directed to the reservoir 3, which has the effect of thus maintaining the pressure of the working fluid inside the compression chamber at the expected value.
  • the drain pump 6 is in turn actuated in order to extract the fluid from the compression chamber for the return to tank 3.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the arrangement of a device produced according to a second embodiment of the invention, said device, generally referenced 101, being applied to a grape press.
  • This device 101 comprises a pressing tank 102 to the interior of which a membrane defines, in a manner known per se and similarly to what has been explained above, a compression chamber and a pressing chamber.
  • the installation uses water as the working fluid so that a reservoir 103 is hydraulically connected to the device 101.
  • the latter comprises inter alia a filling pump 104, a pressure pump 105 and a drain pump 106, all three connected in parallel on the one hand to a supply pipe 107 which communicates with the compression chamber of the tank 102 , on the other hand to a main pipe 108 connected to the tank 103.
  • Each of the pumps 104 and 105 is associated with a shut-off valve 109 interposed between the pump in question and the supply line 107; on the other hand, the closing valve 109 associated with the pump 106 is provided between the latter and the main pipe 108.
  • control valve 110 On the pipe which connects the pressure pump 105 to the supply pipe 107 is further mounted a control valve 110 which is connected in series with respect to the closing valve 109 and which is also formed by a closing valve provided means for its actuation on opening, said means being for example formed by a solenoid 112, as well as by a proximity detector which translates by an electrical signal the degree of opening of said valve.
  • the means 112 for controlling the valve 110 are connected to a power station 113 which is simultaneously connected to the pumps 104, 105, 106 and to a sensor 114 capable of measuring the pressure inside the compression chamber.
  • the filling pump 104 sends the fluid into the compression chamber of the tank 102 until the membrane bears, with a relatively low pressure, against the grapes contained in the pressing chamber. Indeed, this filling pump has a low power, but a high flow rate in order to be able to ensure in a short period of time the filling of the compression chamber.
  • the compression pump 105 which is actuated to raise the pressure of the working fluid to the value provided for the pressing of the grapes, and this in a determined period of time, controlled using the central 113.
  • control valve 110 is actuated so as to operate a more or less large throttling according to the command received from the central 113 thereby maintaining the pressure of the pressure at the desired value. fluid which fills the compression chamber.
  • control unit 113 activates the drain pump 106 which extracts the fluid from the compression chamber to return it to the reservoir 103.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to obtain the goal which we had set our by making it possible to carry out a pressing cycle of the grape having progressive increases in pressure, without the pressure levels inevitably encountered in usual rigid systems.
  • the pressure values were maintained and programmed according to a fixed and predetermined time.
  • the increase in pressure is proportional over time because the emission of the working fluid is related to the effective extraction of the must.
  • a specific program develops, in addition to command and control of the various other functions, the signal which is transmitted by the proximity detector indicating the degree of opening of the control valve, thereby determining the moment when it is necessary to carry out a lowering and avoiding any sudden change.
  • the press equipped with the device according to the invention is able to automatically comply with the optimal pressing time as a function of the nature of the grape to be pressed.
  • a significant advantage of the invention lies in the reduction of pressing times, the evacuation of the must and its filtering being thus always constant.
  • Yet another advantage of the invention consists in using water as the pressure fluid, which allows much more precise control of the variations in the pressure inside the pressing tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)

Abstract

A pressure controller for a compression chamber has a pump delivering motor fluid to the chamber through an inlet line, a control valve in the inlet line, a sensor measuring pressure in the chamber, a controller adjusting the valve in response to measured pressure, and a sensor detecting the position of the valve. An installation for and method of pressing fruit are also claimed.

Description

La présente invention a trait à un dispositif pour la mise en pression, au moyen d'un fluide moteur, d'une chambre de compression, plus particulièrement destinée à équiper des installations pour le pressage de substances renfermant un liquide, par example des fruits.The present invention relates to a device for pressurizing, by means of a working fluid, a compression chamber, more particularly intended to equip installations for the pressing of substances containing a liquid, for example fruit.

On connaît des presses pour le pressage du raisin qui comprennent en substance une cuve divisée par une membrane en une chambre de compression et une chambre de pressage; dans la chambre de compression est introduit le fluide moteur, de façon à ce que la membrane vienne prendre appui contre la substance dont on désire extraire le liquide.Presses are known for pressing grapes which essentially comprise a tank divided by a membrane into a compression chamber and a pressing chamber; the working fluid is introduced into the compression chamber, so that the membrane comes to bear against the substance from which the liquid is to be extracted.

Il est par ailleurs connu de procéder au pressage du raisin à la façon suivante: A l'aide d'une première pompe de remplissage, à fort débit mais à basse pression, on envoie le fluide dans la chambre de compression pendant un laps de temps relativement bref; par la suite, au moyen d'une pompe de pression à débit inférieur, on augmente la pression du fluide moteur dans la chambre de compression, de façon à opérer le pressage de la substance renfermée dans la chambre de pressage jusqu'à des valeurs de pression et des durées pré-déterminées.It is also known to press the grapes in the following manner: With the aid of a first filling pump, at high flow rate but at low pressure, the fluid is sent to the compression chamber for a period of time relatively brief; thereafter, by means of a pressure pump with lower flow rate, the pressure of the working fluid is increased in the compression chamber, so as to effect the pressing of the substance contained in the pressing chamber up to values of pressure and pre-determined times.

La durée de fonctionnement de la pompe de pression est déterminée par une petite centrale électronique qui à l'aide d'une sonde mesure la pression à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression.The operating time of the pressure pump is determined by a small electronic control unit which, using a probe, measures the pressure inside the pressure chamber. compression.

Si la pression mesurée descend au-dessous de la valeur prévue en un laps de temps inférieur à celui déterminé, la pompe de pression est actionnée pour fournir une pression supplémentaire de façon à ce que l'abaissement de pression ne se produise pas en un laps de temps supérieur à celui pré­établi; c'est alors qu'est actionné une pompe de vidange qui élimine le fluide moteur de la chambre de compression.If the measured pressure drops below the expected value in a period of time less than that determined, the pressure pump is actuated to supply additional pressure so that the pressure reduction does not occur in a lapse of time. longer than the preset time; it is then that a drain pump is activated which removes the working fluid from the compression chamber.

L'action de pressage présente en conséquence un diagramme du genre de celui montré à la fig. 1 du dessin annexé, diagramme sur lequel on peut aisément relever des paliers successifs de pression et qui met en évidence une action de pressage discontinue.The pressing action consequently presents a diagram of the kind of that shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawing, diagram on which it is easy to identify successive pressure levels and which shows a discontinuous pressing action.

Le but principal de la présente invention vise la réalisation d'un dispositif qui permette le pressage du raisin de façon à obtenir des augmentations de pression progressives, ne comportant aucun à-coup et suivant un programme bien défini.The main object of the present invention is to provide a device which allows the pressing of the grape so as to obtain progressive pressure increases, comprising no jerk and according to a well defined program.

Dans ce concept, l'invention se propose de permettre la réalisation d'un dispositif qui assure le pressage du raisin suivant des durées et des résultats oénologiques similaires à celles et à ceux des pressoirs verticaux traditionnels, notamment celui connu sous le nom de "MARMONIER".In this concept, the invention proposes to allow the production of a device which ensures the pressing of the grapes according to durations and oenological results similar to those and to those of traditional vertical presses, in particular that known under the name of "MARMONIER ".

Un autre but encore de l'invention réside dans un dispositif propre à faciliter la mise en oeuvre du programme de pressage de la centrale électronique.Yet another object of the invention lies in a device capable of facilitating the implementation of the pressing program of the electronic control unit.

Ces buts, ainsi que d'autres qui apparaîtront mieux par la suite, sont atteints à l'aide d'un dispositif pour la régulation de la pression dans una chambre de compression à l'aide d'un fluide moteur et pour le maintien constant de la pression dans ladite chambre à l'intérieur de laquelle la pression tend à diminuer de manière irrégulière, lequel dispositif, comprenant au moins une pompe de pression pour refouler sous pression le fluide moteur dans la chambre précitée et au moins une canalisation d'alimentation qui fait communiquer la pompe avec la chambre, et caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu au moins une vanne de contrôle propre à intercepter le fluide dans la canalisation d'alimentation, ainsi que des moyens pour la commande de l'ouverture et de la fermeture, totale ou partielle, de laidite vanne, ces moyens de commande comprenant eux-mêmes au moins un capteur pour la mesure de la pression régnant dans la chambre de compression, des moyens de pilotage de la vanne de contrôle précitée en fonction au moins de la valeur de la pression relevée dans la chambre, et des moyens pour la détection du degré d'ouverture de cette vanne.These goals, and others that will become more apparent through thereafter, are achieved using a device for regulating the pressure in a compression chamber using a working fluid and for maintaining constant pressure in said chamber inside which the pressure tends to decrease irregularly, which device, comprising at least one pressure pump for delivering pressure under pressure the working fluid into the aforementioned chamber and at least one supply line which makes the pump communicate with the chamber, and characterized in what there is provided at least one control valve capable of intercepting the fluid in the supply line, as well as means for controlling the opening and closing, total or partial, of said valve, these means control themselves comprising at least one sensor for measuring the pressure prevailing in the compression chamber, means for controlling the abovementioned control valve as a function at least of the value of the pressure recorded e in the chamber, and means for detecting the degree of opening of this valve.

Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer:

  • Fig. 1 est un diagramme montrant schématiquement le comportement de la pression lors d'un cycle de pressage obtenu à l'aide des dispositifs de type connu.
  • Fig. 2 est un schéma illustrant l'agencement d'une installation pour le pressage du raisin, équipée d'un dispositif suivant l'invention.
  • Fig. 3 est le diagramme du comportement de la pression dans l'installation suivant fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 est le schéma d'une installation pourvue d'un dispositif établi suivant une variante de l'invention.
The appended drawing, given by way of example, will allow a better understanding of the invention, the characteristics which it presents and the advantages which it is capable of providing:
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the behavior of the pressure during a pressing cycle obtained using devices of known type.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of a installation for pressing grapes, equipped with a device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the diagram of the behavior of the pressure in the installation according to FIG. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is the diagram of an installation provided with a device established according to a variant of the invention.

En se référant à fig. 2 on peut voir que le dispositif suivant l'invention, affecté globalement de la référence 1, a été supposé appliqué à une presse pour le raisin qui comprend une cuve de pressage 2 à l'intérieur de laquelle et à la façon en soi connu une membrane définit une chambre de compression et une chambre de pressage.Referring to fig. 2 it can be seen that the device according to the invention, generally assigned the reference 1, was supposed to be applied to a press for the grapes which comprises a pressing tank 2 inside which and in the known manner a membrane defines a compression chamber and a pressing chamber.

Dans la chambre de pressage est introduit le raisin à presser, tandis que dans la chambre de compression est envoyé un fluide moteur afin que la membrane presse le raisin à la façon usuelle.In the pressing chamber is introduced the grape to be pressed, while in the compression chamber is sent a driving fluid so that the membrane presses the grape in the usual way.

Dans le cas envisagé, l'installation utilise avantageusement de l'eau comme fluide moteur, si bien qu'il est en outre prévu un réservoir 3 relié hydrauliquement au dispositif 1.In the case envisaged, the installation advantageously uses water as the working fluid, so that there is also provided a reservoir 3 hydraulically connected to the device 1.

Ce dispositif 1 comprend substantiellement une pompe de remplissage 4, une pompe de pression 5 et une pompe de vidange 6, montées en parallèle d'une part sur une canalisation d'alimentation 7 reliée à la chambre de compression de le cuve 2 et d'autre part sur une canalisation principale 8 qui communique avec le réservoir 3.This device 1 substantially comprises a filling pump 4, a pressure pump 5 and a drain pump 6, mounted in parallel on the one hand on a supply pipe 7 connected to the compression chamber of the tank 2 and of on the other hand on a main pipe 8 which communicates with the tank 3.

A chacune des pompes 4,5 et 6 est en outre associée une vanne de fermeture 9 qui sépare la pompe envisangée de la canalisation d'alimentation 7.In addition, each of the pumps 4,5 and 6 is associated with a closing valve 9 which separates the envisaged pump from the supply pipe 7.

On notera également qu'une dérivation 10 est branchée sur la canalisation d'alimentation 7 et est préférablement reliée à la canalisation principale 8 qui communique avec le réservoir 3 renfermant le fluide sous pression.It will also be noted that a bypass 10 is connected to the supply line 7 and is preferably connected to the main line 8 which communicates with the reservoir 3 containing the fluid under pressure.

Sur cette dérivation 10 est montée une vanne modulatrice de contrôle 11 pourvue de moyens pour la commande de son ouverture, avantageusement constitués par un solénoide 12, ainsi que de moyens pour la mesure du degré d'ouverture, réalisés sous la forme d'un détecteur de proximité qui traduit ledit degré en un signal électrique.On this bypass 10 is mounted a modulating control valve 11 provided with means for controlling its opening, advantageously constituted by a solenoid 12, as well as means for measuring the degree of opening, produced in the form of a detector. proximity which translates said degree into an electrical signal.

Les moyens 12 pour l'actionnement de la vanne 11 sont reliés à une centrale électronique 13 qui est elle-même reliée aux pompes 4, 5 et 6 et à un capteur 14 propre à mesurer la pression qui règne à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression.The means 12 for actuating the valve 11 are connected to an electronic central unit 13 which is itself connected to the pumps 4, 5 and 6 and to a sensor 14 suitable for measuring the pressure prevailing inside the chamber. compression.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif suivant l'invention est le suivant:The operation of the device according to the invention is as follows:

Tout au commencement du cycle, la pompe de remplissage 4 envoie le fluide moteur dans la chambre de compression de la cuve 2 jusqu'à ce que la membrane prenne appui avec une pression relativement basse contre le raisin renfermé dans la chambre de pressage. Effectivement cette pompe 4 a une puissance réduite, mais un débit important de façon à être en mesure d'opérer le remplissage de la chambre de compression en un court laps de temps.At the very beginning of the cycle, the filling pump 4 sends the working fluid into the compression chamber of the tank 2 until the membrane presses against the grapes contained in the pressing chamber with a relatively low pressure. Indeed this pump 4 has a reduced power, but a large flow so as to be able to operate the filling of the compression chamber in a short period of time.

A ce moment est actionnée la pompe 5 qui amène le fluide à la pression prévue pour le pressage du raisin et ce en un laps de temps déterminé, controlé au moyen de la centrale 13.At this moment, the pump 5 is actuated which brings the fluid to the pressure provided for the pressing of the grapes and this in a determined period of time, controlled by means of the central unit 13.

Si la pression mesurée par le capteur 14 dépasse la valeur prévue, la centrale 13 détermine l'ouverture, totale ou partielle, de la vanne de contrôle 11 afin que le fluide en excès envoyé à la canalisation d'alimentation 7 soit dirigé vers le réservoir 3, ce qui a pour effet de maintenir ainsi à la valeur prévue la pression du fluide moteur à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression.If the pressure measured by the sensor 14 exceeds the expected value, the control unit 13 determines the opening, total or partial, of the control valve 11 so that the excess fluid sent to the supply line 7 is directed to the reservoir 3, which has the effect of thus maintaining the pressure of the working fluid inside the compression chamber at the expected value.

Une fois que le cycle de pressage est terminé en conformité avec ce qui est programmé et contrôlé à l'aide de la centrale 13, la pompe de vidange 6 est à son tour actionnée afin d'extraire le fluide de la chambre de compression pour le renvoyer au réservoir 3.Once the pressing cycle is completed in accordance with what is programmed and controlled using the control unit 13, the drain pump 6 is in turn actuated in order to extract the fluid from the compression chamber for the return to tank 3.

En fig. 3 on a représenté à titre d'exemple le schéma d'un cycle de pressage et l'on peut constater la proggressivité de l'augmentation de la pression. En effet, à l'aide de la vanne de contrôle 11 il est possible d'envoyer autant de fluide, c'est-à-dire de l'eau en l'occurrence, à la chambre de conpression qu'il y a eu du liquide, c'est-­à-dire du mout, extrait de la chambre de pressage.In fig. 3 there is shown by way of example the diagram of a pressing cycle and one can note the progressiveness of the increase in pressure. Indeed, using the control valve 11 it is possible to send as much fluid, that is to say water in this case, to the pressure chamber that there has been liquid, that is to say, mustard, extracted from the pressing chamber.

Fig. 4 illustre l'agencement d'un dispositif réalisé suivant un second mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, ledit dispositif, globalement référencé 101, étant appliqué à un pressoir à raisin.Fig. 4 illustrates the arrangement of a device produced according to a second embodiment of the invention, said device, generally referenced 101, being applied to a grape press.

Ce dispositif 101 comprend une cuve de pressage 102 à l'intérieur de laquelle une membrane définit, à la façon en soi connue et de manière similaire à ce qui a été exposé ci-­dessus, une chambre de compression et une chambre de pressage.This device 101 comprises a pressing tank 102 to the interior of which a membrane defines, in a manner known per se and similarly to what has been explained above, a compression chamber and a pressing chamber.

Ici également, l'installation utilise de l'eau comme fluide moteur si bien qu'on trouve un réservoir 103 relié hydrauliquement au dispositif 101.Here also, the installation uses water as the working fluid so that a reservoir 103 is hydraulically connected to the device 101.

Ce dernier comprend entre autres une pompe de remplissage 104, une pompe de pression 105 et une pompe de vidange 106, toutes trois reliées en parallèle d'une part à une canalisation d'alimentation 107 qui communique avec la chambre de compression de la cuve 102, d'autre part à une canalisation principale 108 reliée au réservoir 103.The latter comprises inter alia a filling pump 104, a pressure pump 105 and a drain pump 106, all three connected in parallel on the one hand to a supply pipe 107 which communicates with the compression chamber of the tank 102 , on the other hand to a main pipe 108 connected to the tank 103.

A chacune des pompes 104 et 105 est associée une vanne de fermeture 109 interposée entre la pompe considérée et la canalisation d'alimentation 107; par contre la vanne de fermeture 109 associée à la pompe 106 est prévue entre cette dernière et la canalisation principale 108.Each of the pumps 104 and 105 is associated with a shut-off valve 109 interposed between the pump in question and the supply line 107; on the other hand, the closing valve 109 associated with the pump 106 is provided between the latter and the main pipe 108.

Sur la canalisation qui relie la pompe de pression 105 à la canalisation d'alimentation 107 est en outre montée une vanne de contrôle 110 qui est branchée en série par rapport à la vanne de fermeture 109 et qui est également formée par une vanne de fermeture pourvue de moyens pour son actionnement à l'ouverture, lesdits moyens étant par exemple formés par un solénoide 112, ainsi que par un détecteur de proximité qui traduit par un signal électrique le degré d'ouverture de ladite vanne.On the pipe which connects the pressure pump 105 to the supply pipe 107 is further mounted a control valve 110 which is connected in series with respect to the closing valve 109 and which is also formed by a closing valve provided means for its actuation on opening, said means being for example formed by a solenoid 112, as well as by a proximity detector which translates by an electrical signal the degree of opening of said valve.

Les moyens 112 pour la commande de la vanne 110 sont reliés à une centrale électrique 113 qui est simultanément reliée aux pompes 104, 105, 106 et à un capteur 114 apte à mesurer la pression à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression.The means 112 for controlling the valve 110 are connected to a power station 113 which is simultaneously connected to the pumps 104, 105, 106 and to a sensor 114 capable of measuring the pressure inside the compression chamber.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif illustré en fig. 4 sera maintenant décrit.The operation of the device illustrated in fig. 4 will now be described.

A l'origine, la pompe de remplissage 104 envoie le fluide dans la chambre de compression de la cuve 102 jusqu'à ce que la membrane prenne appui, avec une pression relativement basse, contre le raisin renfermé dans la chambre de pressage. En effet cette pompe de remplissage comporte une puissance peu élevée, mais un fort débit afin d'être en mesure d'assurer en un court laps de temps le remplissage de la chambre de compression.Originally, the filling pump 104 sends the fluid into the compression chamber of the tank 102 until the membrane bears, with a relatively low pressure, against the grapes contained in the pressing chamber. Indeed, this filling pump has a low power, but a high flow rate in order to be able to ensure in a short period of time the filling of the compression chamber.

A ce moment c'est la pompe de compression 105 qui est actionnée pour élever la pression du fluide moteur jusq'à la valeur prévue pour le pressage du raisin, et ce en un laps de temps détermimé, contrôlé à l'aide de la centrale 113.At this moment it is the compression pump 105 which is actuated to raise the pressure of the working fluid to the value provided for the pressing of the grapes, and this in a determined period of time, controlled using the central 113.

Si la pression mesurée par le capteur 114 dépasse le chiffre prévu, la vanne de contrôle 110 est actionnée de manière à opérer un étranglement plus ou moins grand en fonction de la commande reçue de la centrale 113 en maintenant ainsi à la valeur voulue la pression du fluide qui emplit la chambre de compression.If the pressure measured by the sensor 114 exceeds the expected figure, the control valve 110 is actuated so as to operate a more or less large throttling according to the command received from the central 113 thereby maintaining the pressure of the pressure at the desired value. fluid which fills the compression chamber.

Une fois que le cycle de pressage est terminé, la centrale 113, suivant le programme qui lui est incorporé, actionne la pompe de vidange 106 qui extrait le fluide de la chambre de compression pour le renvoyer au réservoir 103.Once the pressing cycle has ended, the control unit 113, according to the program incorporated therein, activates the drain pump 106 which extracts the fluid from the compression chamber to return it to the reservoir 103.

On peut ainsi constater que le dispositif suivant l'invention permet d'obtenir le but qu'on s'était fixé en permettant de réaliser un cycle de pressage du raisin présentant des augmentations de pression progressives, sans les paliers de pression inévitablement rencontrés dans les systèmes rigides usuels. En effet, dans les presses à air classique, les valeurs de pression étaient maintenues et programmées suivant un temps fixe et pré-déterminé. Au contraire suivant la présente invention l'augementation de la pression est proportionnelle dans le temps du fait que l'émission du fluide moteur est en rapport avec l'extraction effective du moût.It can thus be seen that the device according to the invention makes it possible to obtain the goal which we had set ourselves by making it possible to carry out a pressing cycle of the grape having progressive increases in pressure, without the pressure levels inevitably encountered in usual rigid systems. In fact, in conventional air presses, the pressure values were maintained and programmed according to a fixed and predetermined time. On the contrary, according to the present invention, the increase in pressure is proportional over time because the emission of the working fluid is related to the effective extraction of the must.

En outre un programme particulier élabore, en plus de la commande et du contrôle des différentes autres fonctions, le signal qui est transmis par le détecteur de proximité indiquant le dégré d'ouverture de la vanne de contrôle, en déterminant en conséquence le moment oû il est nécessaire de procéder à un abaissement et en évitant tout changement brusque.In addition, a specific program develops, in addition to command and control of the various other functions, the signal which is transmitted by the proximity detector indicating the degree of opening of the control valve, thereby determining the moment when it is necessary to carry out a lowering and avoiding any sudden change.

Grâce à ce système la presse équipée du dispositif suivant l'invention est en mesure de respecter de manière automatique le temps optimal de pressage en fonction de la nature du raisin à presser.Thanks to this system, the press equipped with the device according to the invention is able to automatically comply with the optimal pressing time as a function of the nature of the grape to be pressed.

En particulier, en utilisant des moyens de pompage appropriés il est possible d'obtenir un cycle de pressage semblable à celui traditionnellement réalisé à l'aide du pressoir "MARMONIER" utilisé par exemple dans la production du champagne.In particular, by using suitable pumping means it is possible to obtain a pressing cycle similar to that traditionally made using the "MARMONIER" press used for example in the production of champagne.

Un avantage sensible de l'invention réside dans la diminution des durées de pressage, l'évacuation du moût et son filtrage étant ainsi toujours constants.A significant advantage of the invention lies in the reduction of pressing times, the evacuation of the must and its filtering being thus always constant.

Un autre avantage encore de l'invention consiste à utiliser l'eau comme fluide de pression, ce qui permet un contrôle beucoup plus précis des variations de la pression à l'interieur de la cuve de pressage.Yet another advantage of the invention consists in using water as the pressure fluid, which allows much more precise control of the variations in the pressure inside the pressing tank.

Le dispositif ainsi agencé est susceptible de faire l'objet de nombreuses modifications ou variantes qui rentrent toutes dans le domaine du concept inventif, étant entendu que les moyens ci-dessus décrits peuvent être remplacés par des éléments techniquement équivalents.The device thus arranged is likely to be the subject of numerous modifications or variants which all fall within the field of the inventive concept, it being understood that the means described above can be replaced by technically equivalent elements.

Il va de soi que les matières utilisées ainsi que les dimensions peuvent être quelconques, en fonction des exigences et de l'état de la technique.It goes without saying that the materials used and the dimensions can be any, depending on requirements and the state of the art.

Il doit d'ailleurs être observé que les structures techniques qui figurent dans les revendications sont suivies de chiffres de références, ces chiffres étant donnés dans le seul but de faciliter la compréhension des revendications et ne comportant donc aucun effet susceptible de limiter la nature de l'élément ainsi identifié.It should moreover be observed that the technical structures which appear in the claims are followed by reference figures, these figures being given for the sole purpose of facilitating the understanding of the claims and therefore comprising no effect capable of limiting the nature of the claim. element thus identified.

Claims (17)

1. Dispositif pour réguler la pression dans une chambre de compression (2, 102) à l'aide d'un fluide moteur et pour maintenir constante la pression dans ladite chambre alors qu'elle tend à diminuer de manière irrégulière, lequel dispositif (1, 101), comprenant au mois une pompe de pression (5-105) pour envoyer le fluide moteur dans la chambre précitée, et au moins une canalisation d'alimentation (7-107) reliant les pompe et chambre précitées, est caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu au moins une vanne de controle (11-110) propre à intercepter le fluide à l'intérieur de la canalisation d'alimentation (7-107), étant en outre prévus des moyens (12-112) pour la commande à l'ouverture et à la fermeture, totale ou partielle, de la vanne précitée, ces moyens de commnde comprenant au moins un capteur (114) pour la mesure de la pression régnant dans la chambre de compression, des moyens (13-113) pour le pilotage de la vanne de contrôle (11-110) en fonction au moins de la valeur de la pression détectée dans la chambre, et des moyens pour la détection du dégré d'ouverture de la vanne de contrôle.1. Device for regulating the pressure in a compression chamber (2, 102) using a working fluid and for keeping the pressure in said chamber constant while it tends to decrease irregularly, which device (1 , 101), comprising at least one pressure pump (5-105) for sending the working fluid into the aforementioned chamber, and at least one supply line (7-107) connecting the aforementioned pump and chamber, is characterized in that that there is provided at least one control valve (11-110) capable of intercepting the fluid inside the supply line (7-107), being further provided means (12-112) for the control on opening and closing, total or partial, of the aforementioned valve, these control means comprising at least one sensor (114) for measuring the pressure prevailing in the compression chamber, means (13-113 ) for controlling the control valve (11-110) as a function of at least the value of the detector pressure side in the chamber, and means for detecting the degree of opening of the control valve. 2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une dérivation (10) branchée en un point quelconque en aval de la pompe de pression (5) et reliée à la chambre de compression (2).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a bypass (10) connected at any point downstream of the pressure pump (5) and connected to the compression chamber (2). 3. Dispsoitif suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la dérivation (10) est branchée en un point situé entre la pompe de pression (5) et l'entrée de la canalisation d'alimentation (7) dans la chambre de compression (2), et en ce que sur cette dérivation est montée la vanne de contrôle (11).3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the branch (10) is connected at a point located between the pressure pump (5) and the inlet of the supply line (7) in the compression chamber (2), and in that on this branch is mounted the control valve (11). 4. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une pompe de remplissage (4-104) ayant un plus fort débit et une puissance moindre que la pompe de pression (5-­105), ladite pompe de remplissage étant propre à envoyer le fluide moteur dans la chambre (2-102) en vue d'un premier remplissage de celle-ci, en agissant à cet effet avant la pompe de pression.4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises a filling pump (4-104) having a higher flow rate and a lower power than the pressure pump (5-105 ), said filling pump being able to send the working fluid into the chamber (2-102) for a first filling thereof, by acting for this purpose before the pressure pump. 5. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une pompe de vidange (6-106) propre à extraire le fluide moteur de la chambre de compression.5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a drain pump (6-106) capable of extracting the working fluid from the compression chamber. 6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les pompes de pression (5-105), de remplissage (4-104) et de vidange (6-106) sont reliées en parallèle les unes aux autre, chacune desdites pompes étant en outre reliée à la canalisation d'alimentation (7-107) et à une canalisation principale (8-108).6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the pressure pumps (5-105), filling (4-104) and drain (6-106) are connected in parallel to each other, each of said pumps being further connected to the supply line (7-107) and to a main line (8-108). 7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la canalisation principale (8-108) est reliée à un réservoir (3-103) destiné à contenir le fluide moteur.7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the main pipe (8-108) is connected to a reservoir (3-103) intended to contain the working fluid. 8. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce que le fluide moteur est constitué par de l'eau.8. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid engine consists of water. 9. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de compression fait partie d'une cuve de pressage (2-­102) dont l'espace intérieur est divisé par une menbrane en la chambre de compression et une chambre de pressage, cette dernière étant destinée à contenir une substance renfermant un liquide.9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compression chamber forms part of a pressing tank (2-102), the interior space of which is divided by a menbran into the compression chamber and a pressing chamber, the latter being intended to contain a substance containing a liquid. 10. Dispositif suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la substance à traiter est constituée par des fruits.10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the substance to be treated consists of fruits. 11. Dispositif suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la substance est constituée par du raisin.11. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the substance consists of grapes. 12. Dispositif suivant l'une quelcomnque des revendications qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande comprennent en outre une centrale électronique (13-113) pour l'actionnement de la vanne de contrôle (110) associée aux pompes.12. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control means further comprise an electronic control unit (13-113) for actuating the control valve (110) associated with the pumps. 13. Dispositif suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de mesure comprennent un détecteur de proximité relié à la centrale électronique (13-113).13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the measuring means comprise a proximity detector connected to the electronic central unit (13-113). 14. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce qu'à chacune des pompes (4, 5, 6,) est associée une vanne de fermeture (9) prévue au niveau de la liaison desdites pompes avec la canalisation d'alimentation (7).14. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the pumps (4, 5, 6,) is associated with a shut-off valve (9) provided at the level of the connection of said pumps with the pipeline. supply (7). 15. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications qui précèdent , caractérisé en ce qu'à chacune des pompes de remplissage (104) et de pression (105) est associée une vanne de fermeture (109) prévue au niveau de la liaison de la pompe considérée avec la canalisation d'alimentation (107), tandis qu'à la pompe de vidange (106) est associée une vanne de fermeture (109) placée entre cette pompe et la canalisation principale (108).15. Device according to any one of preceding claims, characterized in that each of the filling (104) and pressure (105) pumps is associated with a closing valve (109) provided at the level of the connection of the pump considered with the supply line ( 107), while the drain pump (106) is associated with a shut-off valve (109) placed between this pump and the main pipe (108). 16. Installation pour le pressage de substances renfermant un liquide, notamment de fruits, du genre comprenant une cuve de pressage dont l'espace intérieur est divisé par une membrane en une chambre de compression et une chambre de pressage, cette dernière étant destinée à renfermer la substance à presser, laquelle installation, comprenant en outre un dispositif (1-101) pour la mise en pression, à l'aide d'un fluide moteur, de la chambre de compression et pour maintenir constante la pression dans ladite chambre à l'intérieur de laquelle cette pression tend à diminuer de manière irrégulière, ce dispositif comprenant au moins une pompe de pression (5-105) pour refouler le fluide moteur dans ladite chambre et au moins une canalisation d'alimentation (7-107) reliant cette pompe à la chambre de compression, est caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu au moins une vanne de contrôle (11-110) propre à interrompre le fluide dans la canalisation d'alimentation (7-­107), étant en outre prévus des moyens (12-112) pour la commande à l'ouverture et à la fermeture, totale ou partielle de la vanne précitée, ces moyens de commande comprenant au moins un capteur (14-114) pour la mesure de la pression existant dans la chambre de compression, des moyens (13-113) pour le pilotage de la vanne de contrôle (11-110) en fonction au moins de la valeur de la pression détectée dans la chambre de compression, et des moyens pour la mesure du degré d'ouverture de la vanne de contrôle précitée.16. Installation for the pressing of substances containing a liquid, in particular of fruit, of the kind comprising a pressing tank, the interior space of which is divided by a membrane into a compression chamber and a pressing chamber, the latter being intended to contain the substance to be pressed, which installation, further comprising a device (1-101) for pressurizing, using a working fluid, the compression chamber and for keeping the pressure in said chamber constant inside which this pressure tends to decrease irregularly, this device comprising at least one pressure pump (5-105) for discharging the working fluid into said chamber and at least one supply line (7-107) connecting this pump to the compression chamber, is characterized in that there is provided at least one control valve (11-110) capable of interrupting the fluid in the supply line (7-107), being further provided with hubs ns (12-112) for controlling the opening and closing, total or partial of the aforementioned valve, these control means comprising at at least one sensor (14-114) for measuring the pressure existing in the compression chamber, means (13-113) for controlling the control valve (11-110) depending at least on the value of the pressure detected in the compression chamber, and means for measuring the degree of opening of the abovementioned control valve. 17. Procédé pour le pressage de substances renfermant un liquide, notamment de fruits, faisant appel à un dispositif ou à une installation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste en les phases suivantes:
- introductionn de la substance à presser à l'intérieur de la chambre de pressage;
- remplissage de la chambre de compression (2-102) en fluide moteur au moyen de la pompe de remplissage (4-104);
- augmentation progressive de la pression à l'intérieur de la chambre de compression à l'aide de la pompe de pression (5-105) en controlant simultanément la valeur de la pression au moyen du capteur (134-114) et de la vanne de contrôle (11-­110) et en évacuant en même temps le liquide extrait de la substance renfermée dans la chambre de pressage;
- extraction du fluide en dehors de la chambre de compression à l'aide de la pompe de vidange (6-106);
- et déchargement de la substance en dehors de la chambre de pressage.17. A method for pressing substances containing a liquid, in particular fruit, using a device or an installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of the following phases:
- introduction of the substance to be pressed inside the pressing chamber;
- filling the compression chamber (2-102) with working fluid by means of the filling pump (4-104);
- progressive increase of the pressure inside the compression chamber using the pressure pump (5-105) by simultaneously controlling the pressure value by means of the sensor (134-114) and the valve control (11-110) and at the same time discharging the liquid extracted from the substance contained in the pressing chamber;
- extraction of the fluid outside the compression chamber using the drain pump (6-106);
- and unloading of the substance outside the pressing chamber.
EP19890104061 1988-04-18 1989-03-08 Pressurization device, with a drive fluid, for a compression chamber Withdrawn EP0338230A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT20221/88A IT1217428B (en) 1988-04-18 1988-04-18 Pressure controller for compression chamber of grape press
IT2022188 1988-04-18
IT8820725A IT8820725A0 (en) 1988-05-25 1988-05-25 DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE IN A PRESSURE CHAMBER BY MEANS OF PRESSURE FLUID.
IT2072588 1988-05-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0338230A2 true EP0338230A2 (en) 1989-10-25
EP0338230A3 EP0338230A3 (en) 1991-05-08

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2800974A1 (en) * 1999-11-15 2001-05-18 Serge Martinez Operation of wine press having screw driving opposed plates together in cylindrical cage, steps up pressure successively avoiding return to zero
US6247397B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2001-06-19 Siprem International Srl Apparatus for separating liquid and solid substances, particularly for extracting juice from fruit and the like
FR2904511A1 (en) * 2006-08-01 2008-02-08 Hubert Revolte Movable filtering plate for pressing bunch of black grapes to make sparkling wine, comprises diametrical and rectangular filtering parts mounted below timber, and opening passages of the pillars
FR3121067A1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-09-30 Bucher Vaslin press and its control method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2079009A (en) * 1980-06-30 1982-01-13 Karlstad Mekaniska Ab A hydraulically operable press
US4574599A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-03-11 Pallerin Milnor Corporation Apparatus for pressing liquid from cloth goods

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2079009A (en) * 1980-06-30 1982-01-13 Karlstad Mekaniska Ab A hydraulically operable press
GB2133905A (en) * 1980-06-30 1984-08-01 Karlstad Mekaniska Ab A hydraulically operable press for use in the production of wood-based boards
US4574599A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-03-11 Pallerin Milnor Corporation Apparatus for pressing liquid from cloth goods

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6247397B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2001-06-19 Siprem International Srl Apparatus for separating liquid and solid substances, particularly for extracting juice from fruit and the like
FR2800974A1 (en) * 1999-11-15 2001-05-18 Serge Martinez Operation of wine press having screw driving opposed plates together in cylindrical cage, steps up pressure successively avoiding return to zero
FR2904511A1 (en) * 2006-08-01 2008-02-08 Hubert Revolte Movable filtering plate for pressing bunch of black grapes to make sparkling wine, comprises diametrical and rectangular filtering parts mounted below timber, and opening passages of the pillars
FR3121067A1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-09-30 Bucher Vaslin press and its control method

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