EP0338225A1 - Door with a wing positionable above the door opening and counterbalancing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

A roller shutter forming a gate or door, consists of slats which are hinged together and which can be wound up onto a roller (2). The weight of the shutter is counter-balanced by balance weights (16) which are attached to the actuating chain (14). The actuating chain (14) passes around a toothed wheel (13) on the shaft of the roller (2) and around a guide wheel. The balance weights (16) are so positioned on the chain (14) that as the shutter is wound onto the roller (2) the balance weights pass around the guide roller so that the balancing force is reduced in proportion to the size of the part of the shutter (3) hanging vertically from the roller (3).

Description

The invention relates to a door with a door leaf that can be placed above the door opening, in particular a roller door, sectional door, tilting door or up-and-over door. with counterweights, which can be raised or lowered by means of a pulling element to compensate for the weight of the door leaf.

From EP-OS 0 181 268 a door with a curtain that can be placed above the opening has already become known, in which a counterweight is provided to balance the weight. The counterweight is raised by a common drive shaft with a winding roller when the curtain is lowered and vice versa. The counterweight should be such that the curtain opens a fraction in an emergency. However, this means that the weight of the curtain and the counterweight are only matched to one another for one position of the curtain and has the particular disadvantage that the drive machine and drive means are subject to variable loads when the curtain is opened or closed.

Similar problems occur with all roller doors, sectional gates. Up-and-over doors or up-and-over doors, when operated, the weight of the lowered part of the door leaf changes.

From DE-PS 33 45 016 a further Vornchtung to compensate for the weight of a roller shutter curtain is known, but which works without a counterweight. In this device, a coil spring is pretensioned between the frame and the winding roller when the roller shutter curtain is unwound. This device is used in particular when speed-dependent safety gear devices can no longer be used in high-speed roller doors. However, this is disadvantageous that the coil spring must be replaced due to high stress from time to time, which is particularly high maintenance or re araturkosten ^p entails.

The DE-PS 570 212 discloses a balancing weight for blinds, in which raised FRUITS by means of a pulling member during the lowering of the blinds counterweight _NI and lowered while raising the blinds. For this purpose, a pulling element is provided which can be wound on a disc which can be rotated with the drum for the jaiousie. A chain of counterweights consisting of links joined together like a harmonica is attached to the traction element. that gradually sit on the floor when the blinds are rolled up. whereby the counterweight becomes less and less according to the weight of the part of the blind that is still unwound.

With this weight compensation, it is disadvantageous that considerable forces occur at the contact points of the links of the counterweight chain, because the parts of the counterweight chain located below engage under an unfavorable lever arm. Particularly when the door leaf is quickly wound, the wear that occurs at the contact points and the pin bearings of the tabs is enormous, so that the counterweight chain wears out and the weight adjustment originally carried out is lost. In addition, loud rattling noises occur when lowering the counterweight chain because the links lie snugly on their long sides. These effects occur increasingly with high-speed gates and, due to the increased dynamic forces, can lead to rapid destruction of the gate.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to create a technically improved door with a weight balance, which is particularly low-wear and low-noise and which also enables the door to be operated quickly.

This object is achieved in that the movement of the door leaf is coupled with the movement of the traction element guided over two deflections of a traction mechanism, that the two deflections for the traction element are offset vertically and that counterweights are arranged along a section of the traction element in such a way that a Overweight of one of the runs of the traction mechanism prevents the door leaf from lowering automatically.

In the case of a door according to the invention, the pulling element thus moves simultaneously with the door leaf. When lowering the door leaf completely deposited above the door opening, the counterweights arranged on a section of the traction element are preferably shifted to one of the runs of the traction mechanism so that there is an excess weight within the traction mechanism. This overweight has a tendency. to pull the traction element into a position within the traction means, in which there is a balance between the runs. This counteracts the lowering movement of the door leaf.

By a suitable coupling of the door leaf and the traction mechanism and by a suitable dimensioning of the counterweights it can be achieved that the door leaf is kept in balance in every position. But it can also be achieved that the door leaf opens automatically from any position when it is released. As a result, an emergency opening of the gate is even if the drive device fails or fails NEN drive means facilitated.

Belts, toothed belts or chains are particularly suitable as traction elements. The deflections are then preferably pulleys, toothed belt wheels or chain wheels.

The advantages of a door according to the invention lie in particular in relieving the load on the drive machine and drive means by adapting the weight balance to the weight of the unwound door leaf, in facilitating the emergency opening of the door and in the low wear due to the traction mechanism used, which can also be subjected to a simple visual inspection. Because of its low wear, a door according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously as a high-speed rolling door. The relief of the drive machine and drive means also has an advantageous effect here.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the counterweights are arranged on the traction element in such a way that, even when the door leaf is completely deposited above the door opening, there is an excess weight of one of the runs of the traction mechanism mechanism which secures the stored door leaf. This ensures that the door leaf cannot lower automatically due to wind loads. In addition, a complete emergency opening of the door leaf is ensured in this embodiment.

In a further embodiment, the traction element of the traction mechanism transmission is a chain or a toothed belt which is guided around the vertically offset chain wheels or belt wheels. These traction elements work positively with sprockets or belt wheels, so that a slip-free coupling of the movements of the door leaf and the traction element is possible. This ensures that each position of the door leaf is always assigned the same weight distribution in the run of the traction mechanism. of the respective developed roller shutter curtain or sectional door curtain. This enables a distance between the chain wheels or belt wheels of the traction mechanism transmission that is less than or equal to the total height of the completely lowered door leaf.

In an advantageous embodiment, a further sprocket or belt wheel is offset vertically below the winding shaft or drive shaft by 50 to 80% of the total height of the lowered door leaf. This is sufficient because, based on their arrangement on only one strand of the traction mechanism, the counterweights have to be moved with the door leaf completely lowered so that they are evenly distributed over both strands of the central transmission when the door leaf is completely deposited above the door opening. In connection with the choice of the diameter of the chain wheel or belt wheel according to the winding shaft or pulleys, this is the case with an arrangement of the further chain wheel at approximately 50% of the total height of the lowered door leaf. If this chain wheel or belt wheel is arranged at approximately 80% of the total height, there is an excess weight in one of the runs even when the curtain is placed completely above the door opening, which secures the curtain in this position.

In a further embodiment, the traction mechanism transmission is driven with a reduction in relation to the winding shaft of a roller shutter or drive shaft of a sectional ceiling door, so that a traction mechanism transmission with very short runs can be realized.

In a further embodiment, a traction mechanism is arranged on each side of the door. whereby particularly high counterweights can be realized. This is recommended for particularly heavy door leaves.

In a further embodiment, the traction mechanism is integrated in the frame of the gate, so that it can be prefabricated in all details and easily assembled by the manufacturer of the roller shutter. In addition, with such a gate, the traction mechanism does not appear to the outside, if one disregards possible control openings in the frame for observing a play of the traction element.

In a further embodiment, the counterweights are individually attached to the traction elements so that they can be matched exactly to the weight of the door leaf part which is lowered in each case. This configuration is particularly recommended when using a chain as a traction element, because each chain link can then be provided with its own counterweight.

In a further embodiment, the counterweights are filled in a flexible hose which is attached to the pulling element. The counterweights are preferably formed by granular metal scrap, so that the flexible hose adapts to the movement of the traction element. This solution is particularly inexpensive because it only requires a few additional clamps for fastening the flexible hose to the traction element.

In a further embodiment, the counterweights are chain links of a heavy chain. which is attached to the traction element. The chain will also behave in accordance with the deformation of the tension member and enables quick assembly at only a few fastening points of the load-bearing member.

Finally, it is provided in one embodiment that with a roller door with a winding shaft or a ceiling sectional door with a drive shaft, counterweights along the section of the pulling organ nes increasing weight are provided. This configuration takes into account the fact that the lever arm with which the deviating sections of the door leaf act on the winding shaft or drive shaft is subject to a change when the door leaf is being unwound. With each revolution of the winding shaft or drive shaft, therefore, the torque exerted by the door leaf on the shaft does not increase constantly. This is taken into account by the distribution of the counterweights according to the invention, which act on the winding shaft or drive shaft via a constant lever arm and apply the holding torque for the door leaf.

• Fig. 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Rolltor mit abgesenktem Rolltorbehang in der Vorderansicht:
• Fig. 2 dasselbe Rolltor entlang der Linie II-II der Fig. 1 geschnitten;
• Fig. 3 dasselbe Rolltor mit oberhalb der Toröffnung abgelegtem Behang in der Schnittdarstellung entsprechend Fig. 2.

Further details and advantages of the subject matter of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings. in which a gate according to the invention is shown north. The drawings show:

• 1 shows a roller shutter according to the invention with the roller shutter curtain lowered in the front view:
• Fig. 2 cut the same roller door along the line II-II of Fig. 1;
• 3 shows the same roller door with the curtain placed above the door opening in the sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2.

1 shows a roller door with a frame 1 which laterally delimits an opening and which carries a winding shaft 2 for winding a flexible door leaf 3.

The winding shaft 2 is supported with a bearing shaft 4 which is fixed to the shaft and a drive shaft 5 which is fixed to the winding shaft in bearing blocks 6 of the frame 1. A drive unit 7 is flanged to the drive shaft 5 and is fixed with a connection 8 relative to the frame 1.

At the bottom, the door leaf 3 has a crosshead 9, to which tension belts 10 are fastened on the side, which tighten the flexible door leaf 3 in any position and also allow it to be lowered quickly. For this purpose, the tensioning belts 10 are guided over bottom-side deflection rollers 11 to tensioning disks 12, which are fastened on the bearing axis 4 or the drive axis 5, if elastic tensioning belts 10 are provided for the length compensation. However, the tensioning disks 12 are preferably rotatably mounted on the bearing axis 4 or the drive axis 5 and, for the purpose of length compensation, connected to the winding shaft 2 via a helical spring (not shown).

To compensate for the weight of the door leaf 3, two traction mechanisms designed as chain drives are provided. These have chain wheels 13 fastened on the bearing axle 4 or the drive axle 5, via which endless chains 14 are guided to chain wheels 15 arranged vertically below. which are mounted on an outer edge of the frame 1. The chain wheels 13, 15 are aligned with one another. The two runs of the chain are largely hidden within the frame 1. The distance between the chain wheels 13 and 15 is approximately 80% of the total height of the completely lowered door leaf 3.

Counterweights 16 are arranged in sections on the chains 14. Their distribution and the compensation of the weight of the door leaf caused by them can be better explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

2, the door leaf 3 is largely unwound from the winding roll 2 and lowered. Here, all of the counterweights 16 attached to the chain 14 are located on the left strand of the chain 14. The counterweights 16 are dimensioned such that their weight slightly exceeds that of the unwound portion of the door leaf 3, so that they can be automatically pulled onto the winding shaft 2 . This is made possible by the non-positive coupling of the chain wheel 13 to the winding shaft 2. This ensures an automatic emergency opening of the roller shutter in the event of a drive unit failure. Fig. 3 shows that the counterweights 16 with largely wound on the winding shaft 2 door leaf 3 are distributed both on the left, as well as on the right strand of the chain 14. Here, however, the majority of the counterweights 16 are located in the left run, so that there is an overweight. This excess weight tries to wind up the door leaf 3 further onto the winding shaft 2, which in turn is prevented by end stops (not shown) which preferably act on the crosshead 9. The excess weight ensures that the door leaf 3 automatically releases the door opening in the event of an emergency opening and - depending on the door construction - is wound up or placed above the door opening. It also prevents the door leaf 3 from automatically lowering, for example due to wind loads.

When determining the excess weight, the frictional resistance which has to be overcome when the door leaf 3 moves must be taken into account. A typical value is about 20 kilograms.

In the positions of the door leaf 3, not shown, between the positions of FIGS. 2 and 3, the overweight of the counterweights 16 in the left strand of the chain is reduced more and more. Appropriate dimensioning of the counterweights 16 ensures that an automatic emergency opening can always take place. Here, the counterweights 16 preferably do not all have the same weight, but are adapted to the variable lever arm, which is determined by the positions of the is determined on the winding shaft 2 wound door leaf 3.

Reference symbol list

• 1 frame
• 2 winding shaft
• 3 door leaf
• 4 bearing axis
• 5 drive axle
• 6 bearing block
• 7 drive unit
• 8 connection
• 9 crosshead
• 10 lashing strap
• 11 pulley
• 12 spring washer
• 13 sprocket
• 14 chain
• 15 sprocket
• 16 counterweight

Claims (14)

1. gate with a door leaf (3) that can be placed above the door opening, in particular a roller door, overhead sectional door, up-and-over door or up-and-over door, with counterweights (16) which can be raised or lowered by means of a pulling element (14) to compensate for the weight of the door leaf (3),
characterized, a) that the movement of the door leaf (3) is coupled to the movement of the traction element (14) of a traction mechanism gear guided via two deflections (13, 15), b) that the two deflections (13, 15) for the tension member (14) are vertically offset and c) that counterweights (16) are arranged along a section of the traction element (14) in such a way that an excess weight of one of the runs of the traction mechanism prevents the door leaf (3) from lowering automatically. 2. Goal according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterweights (16) are arranged on the tension member (14) that even when the door leaf (3) is completely stored above the door leaf (3) securing excess weight of one of the runs of the traction mechanism is given. 3. Gate according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the traction element (14) of the traction mechanism gear is a chain (14) or a Zahnnemen. which is guided around vertically offset chain wheels (13.15) or belt wheels. 4. Gate according to claim 3, characterized in that one of the sprockets (13, 15) or belt wheels of the traction mechanism for coupling the movements of the door leaf (3) and the traction mechanism on the winding shaft (2) of a roller shutter or drive shaft of a sectional door is attached. 5. Gate according to claim 4, characterized in that the chain wheel (13) or belt pulley fastened on the winding shaft (2) of a roller door has approximately the same diameter as the winding shaft (2). 6. Gate according to claim 4, characterized in that the sprocket (13) or belt pulley fastened on the drive shaft of a ceiling link gate has approximately the same diameter as the pulleys arranged on the drive shaft. 7. Gate according to one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that a further sprocket (15) or belt wheel by 50 to 80% of the ^- total height of the lowered door leaf (3) offset vertically below the winding shaft (2) or drive shaft is. 8. Gate according to claim 4, characterized in that the traction mechanism is driven with a reduction relative to the winding shaft (2) of a roller shutter or the drive shaft of a sectional ceiling door. 9. Gate according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a traction mechanism is arranged on each side of the gate. 10. Gate according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the traction mechanism is integrated in the frame (1) of the gate. 11. Gate according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the counterweights (16) are individually attached to the traction elements (14). 12. Gate according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the counterweights (16) are filled in a flexible hose which is attached to the traction element (14). 13. Gate according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the counterweights (16) are chain links of a heavy chain. which is attached to the traction element (14). 14. Gate according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that counterweights (16) with along the section of the tension member (14) increasing weight are provided in a roller door with a winding shaft (2) or a ceiling sectional door with a drive shaft.

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