EP0337972B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Zufuhr von klimatisierter Luft - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Zufuhr von klimatisierter Luft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0337972B1
EP0337972B1 EP19890850115 EP89850115A EP0337972B1 EP 0337972 B1 EP0337972 B1 EP 0337972B1 EP 19890850115 EP19890850115 EP 19890850115 EP 89850115 A EP89850115 A EP 89850115A EP 0337972 B1 EP0337972 B1 EP 0337972B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
floor surface
supply
level
beneath
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP19890850115
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0337972A2 (de
EP0337972A3 (en
Inventor
Leif Ingemar Lind
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/044Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for supplying conditioned air to one or more locations on a particular floor or story of an apartment building, or block of flats, with the aid of air conditioning plant equipment supplied with circulated air, and a box-like supply air terminal device which is located on, or capable of being placed on or in the vicinity of, the floor surface of said apartment floor or story.
  • the invention also relates to a box-like air supply terminal device, and more specifically to a device of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 6.
  • Known air conditioning and air delivering methods and apparatus of the aforesaid kind are instrumental in causing draughts and in generating noise, particularly when the supply air terminal device is provided with separates fans or blowers. Furthermore, the known methods and apparatus have relatively poor ventilation efficiency, and consequently the occupied areas of a room or location served by such apparatus are not free from impurities and it is necessary to supply the air conditioning plant with air which is relatively pure, which further adds to the load on the plant. Exhaust air from the location served by the plant has, instead, exhibited a relatively low degree of contamination.
  • DE-A-2 407 448 (Kessler & Luch) and DE-A-2 754 699 (Lind) are other documents of interest in this context.
  • An object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the aforesaid and other known systems, and to provide an improved air supply system, which, among other things, will enable air slow and air temperature to be controlled separately and effectively in individual supply air terminal devices, thereby achieving high ventilation efficiency and high temperature efficiency.
  • a further object is to provide an air supply system which will create an improved environment and climate, particularly in occupied areas of a room served by the inventive system, while simultaneously facilitating operation of the air conditioning system and improving the efficiency thereof.
  • air present in said location will be layered in varying degrees of impurity, therewith primarily improving the climate of the occupied zone of the location.
  • Contaminated air gathers or collects at a high level, close to the ceiling of the room served by the system and is withdrawn from said location through exhaust air terminal devices installed at this level.
  • the air present in the centre of the occupied zone or area of said location has a relatively high degree of purity and the air conditioning plant is supplied with circulation air of this kind, thereby relieving the plant of load to a commensurate extent.
  • the air cleansed in the plant is supplied to the space located immediately beneath the floor, where said air is mixed effectively with directly supplied fresh air.
  • Supply air terminal devices positioned as desired in the location served by the plant will ensure that this mixture of fresh air and clean, treated air will be supplied to the room or location at a low level therein, in the absence of draughts and while being fully controlled, which in turn assists in the aforesaid layering of the air in said room.
  • the supply air is supplied at a level lower than 1.2 meters, i.e. at a level of about 1 meter above floor surface level, and that the circulation air is supplied to the plant at a level beneath 2.2 meters, preferably at a level of about 2 meters above floor surface level.
  • One or more exhaust air terminal devices will preferably be located at a higher position in the location or room served by the air conditioning plant, preferably in the vicinity of the ceiling of the room.
  • fresh air is mixed with the treated air in the space located beneath the floor of the room, referred to hereinafter as the floor cavity.
  • a substantially constant pressure is maintained in the floor cavity, preferably by controlling the speed of a fan or blower included in the air conditioning plant.
  • the floor cavity has mounted therein a pressure sensor which is connected to the fan motor, via a control device, such as to ensure that the floor cavity will be maintained at a set pressure level. It is ensured in this way that all supply air terminal devices in the room or location being served will be supplied with air at a constant, predetermined pressure, which in turn will ensure that said devices will operate efficiently and reliably and each in a predetermined manner.
  • each supply air terminal device may be provided with a heater, so that if low ambient temperatures are constantly recorded, despite adjustments to the throttle valves, the supply air can be heated before being delivered to the room.
  • the throttle valves will have the opposite function, i.e. a greater heating requirement will result in a corresponding wider opening of the valves.
  • the mixture of air treated in the air conditioning plant and fresh air will be delivered to the supply air terminal device through a centrally positioned sound insulated conduit and, subsequent to be turned through 180° in the vicinity of a throttle valve in the region of the upper part of the conduit, will be caused to depart from the device through holes or slots provided in one or more sides of the device, without increasing in pressure in said device.
  • This method of supplying air to the supply air terminal devices and the surrounding area will effectively dampen noise and will also ensure that the air leaving a supply a terminal device has a low impulse, i.e. creates practically no draughts, not even in the immediate vicinity of the device.
  • a supply air terminal device of the aforedescribed kind can be positioned adjacent working positions in the room or location served by the system, e.g. adjacent a desk.
  • the supply air devices may be given a form such that they themselves form part of the actual work place, i.e. in practice have the same height as a desk and form a work surface or some other surface contiguous with a desk surface.
  • these cables are taken up from the floor cavity through a space in respective supply air terminal devices provided especially for this purpose.
  • the fan of the air conditioning plant is preferably located in or in the immediate vicinity of the floor cavity. This will enable the treated air to be supplied effectively to the floor cavity without creating a drop in air pressure as a result of further deflection air flow.
  • the floor cavity concerned is preferably covered with flooring tiles, slabs or the like in accordance with a module system to which the outlet part of the air-conditioning unit and the connecting parts of the supply air terminal device are also adapted.
  • the outlet part of said unit may be given an area which corresponds in cross-section to the area of one or a certain number of flooring tiles, which also applies to the connecting bases or plinths of the air supply terminal devices.
  • the invention also relates to an air supply terminal device which can be positioned adjacent to or on the floor surface of a room or location, the main characterising features of said device being set forth in the characterising clause of claim 6.
  • Figure 1 shows part of a floor, or story, of an office block which includes a number of offices partitioned by walls 1. Located centrally on the illustrated floor of the office block is an air conditioning unit 2, which has a vertical extension of about 2 meters from floor surface level.
  • Circulated air is introduced into the unit 2, through the top thereof, and is there filtered and cooled, before being passed to a cavity 3 beneath the floor surface 4 of the room or location.
  • the floor surface 4 comprises a multiple of square flooring tiles 5.
  • the area of each flooring tile corresponds to the cross-sectional area of the unit 2, which means that only one tile is removed in the place where the unit 2 is to stand.
  • the flooring tiles may optionally be divided into sections, one or more of which will correspond to the cross-sectional area of the base parts or plinths on which the air supply terminal devices used are supported, these devices being generally referenced 10 in the drawings.
  • An inventive air supply terminal device will be described in more detail hereinafter.
  • the arrows 7 drawn in the floor cavity indicate that the conditioned air leaving the unit 2 will spread throughout the cavity 3.
  • fresh air is also delivered to the floor cavity 3, through a fresh air conduit 8 which is perforated with holes 9 and located adjacent the unit 2, such that air leaving the unit will be mixed with the fresh air in the conduit 8.
  • the cut-away area in Figure 2 illustrates the approximate size of the mixing zone thus achieved.
  • the illustrated terminal device 10 has a main body part 11, a base or plinth 12 and a top cover 13, which may be located on a level with the top of the desk 20 and therewith itself serve as the desk top or desk working surface.
  • the device 10 also includes a centrally positioned air supply channel 14, which is lined with sound absorbing material and which widens out in the region of the base 12, to form a lower connecting part 14a.
  • the device 10 further comprises two side panels 16, which are perforated with outlet holes 15, and a front panel 17, which is also perforated with outlet holes.
  • the outlet holes 15 are arranged in vertical columns and outwardly of each such column there is found a vertically extending plate 18 with inwardly bent end parts. This arrangement will ensure that the air is delivered to the surroundings gently, at a low impulse and that the air will be mixed well with the ambient room air.
  • a throttle valve 21 Arranged in the device 10 is a throttle valve 21 which comprises two curved parts 21a and 21b and which is controlled by a temperature sensor 22 in a manner to regulate the quantity of air delivered to the surroundings.
  • a temperature sensor 22 When the prevailing room temperature is low, the setting of the valve will be adjusted accordingly, so as to deliver a minimum air flow.
  • valve parts 21a and 21b deflect the air entering from the channel 14 through 180°.
  • the inner, upper corners of the air supply terminal device are curved commensurately, so as achieve deflection of the air flow substantially in the absence of turbulence.
  • valve parts 21a and 21b guide the major part of the incoming air flow towards the two opposing vertical side panels 16, whereas a minor part of the air flow departs through the holes 15 located in the front panel 17.
  • the fourth side panel 23 of the box-like air supply terminal device consists in a vertically displaceable wall element which defines a space 24 in the device. This space is intended for the accommodation of telephone cables and electric cables 24 extending to the work place concerned. Such a cable arrangement 24 drawn through the floor cavity 3 is also shown in Figure 1.
  • the space 24 in the device 10 is also defined on its inwardly located side by a partition wall 25 adjacent the inlet channel 14.
  • the main part of the device 10 is moveable vertically in relation to the plinth or base 12. This will enable the device to be given a desired vertical extension within certain limits, e.g. so that the top surface or panel 13 of the device will coincide with the level of the work surface of the desk 20.
  • the main part of the device can be detachably secured to the base 12 with the aid of pins 27 which pass through holes provided in said base.
  • a nozzle 30 capable of distributing the supply air uniformly along the surfaces of the device is fitted into each of the holes 15.
  • the reference numeral 31 identifies an electric heater for heating the supply air, when necessary or so desired, e.g. during the winter months.
  • the aforesaid valve 21 will function in reverse, i.e. the valve will be opened wider at lower temperatures.
  • the air conditioning unit 2 illustrated in Figure 3 is fitted with an air filter 35 which is effective in filtering the supplied circulated air, the filtered air subsequently being treated in a heating/cooling battery 36.
  • a variable speed fan 37 is effective in moving the air to the cavity 3 beneath the floor surface 4.
  • the pressure prevailing in the floor cavity 3 is sensed by means of a sensor, not shown.
  • a control device which, in response thereto, increases the speed of the fan so as to maintain the pressure at a predetermined level.
  • the supply air terminal devices will also deliver air at a level beneath 1 meter, whereas the circulating air is supplied to the unit 2 at a level which is approximately twice this height above floor level, i.e. at a level as high as about 2 meters. Contaminated air will gather in a region slightly beneath the ceiling of the room and is vented therefrom through an exhaust air terminal device 38.
  • the system assumes that the various locations or rooms on the floor or story of the building served by the system communicate with each other, e.g. through appropriate gratings fitted above respective doors.
  • the high quality of the air achieved when practising the inventive method is due to the fact that the circulated air is introduced into the unit 2 at a level which is located in the occupied zone of a room or location, whereas contaminated air which collects immediately beneath the ceiling of said room is discharged through exhaust air terminal devices located on a corresponding level.
  • the pressure of the air in the floor cavity 3 may be from 20 to 30 Pa.
  • An excessively high pressure in said cavity may create sealing problems in the overlying floor surface. It may also result in problematic noise levels.
  • the illustrated configuration of the supply air terminal device provides an advantageous solution to the type of problem described in the foregoing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zum Zuführen klimatisierter Luft an einen oder mehrere Orte (1) auf der Etage oder dem Stockwerk eines vielgeschossigen Gebäudes mittels einer Luftklimatisiereinheit (2), der zirkulierte Luft zugeführt wird, und auch mittels schrankartiger Anschlußvorrichtungen für Zufuhrluft, die auf oder in der Nähe des Etagenbodens (5) dieses Ortes (1) angeordnet sind, wobei die Auslaßöffnung der Luftklimatisiereinheit (2) mit dem Etagenboden (5) derart verbunden ist, daß klimatisierte Luft unter Druck an einen Hohlraum (3) unter dem Etagenboden (5) geliefert wird, womit Bohrungen für ein Hilfsteil (14a), die eine Verbindung mit den Anschlußvorrichtungen (10) für Zufuhrluft herstellen, in dem Etagenboden (5) an gewünschten Orten auf der Etage oder dem Stockwerk des Gebäudes vorgesehen sind, und wobei die Anschlußvorrichtungen (10) der Luftzufuhr über den Löchern montiert und abgedichtet sind, wobei die Luftanschlußvorrichtungen (10) einen Verdrängungsluftstrom niedrigen Dralls auf einem Niveau liefern, das niedriger ist als das, bei dem Abluft aus diese Ort ausgestoßen wird, gekennzeichnet durch ein Zumischen von Frischluft zu der behandelten Luft in dem Hohlraum (3) und Halten eines im wesentlichen konstanten Druckes in dem Hohlraum (3), Zuführen des Verdrängungsluftstromes niedrigen Dralls zu diesem Ort über die Anschlußvorrichtungen (10) für die Zufuhrluft auf einem Niveau unter dem, bei dem die zirkulierte Luft der Luftklimatisiereinheit (2) zugeführt wird; und Regulieren des Verdrängungsluftstromes in Reaktion auf die Temperatur in individuellen Anschlußvorrichtungen (10) für Zufuhrluft.
  2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verdrängungsluftstrom bei einem Niveau unter 1,2 m, vorzugsweise unter etwa 1 m über dem Etagenboden zugeführt wird; und dadurch daß die zirkulierte Luft der Einheit (2) bei einem Niveau unter 2,2 m, vorzugsweise bei einem Niveau von etwa 2 m über dem Niveau des Etagenbodens zugeführt wird.
  3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch Halten eines im wesentlichen konstanten Druckes in dem Hohlraum durch Regulieren der Drehzahl eines Ventilators (37), der mit der Luftklimatisiereinheit (2) zusammenwirkt.
  4. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luft, die in der Einheit (2) klimatisiert wird und der Frischluft zugemischt wird, zu den Anschlußvorrichtungen (10) für die Zufuhrluft über einen zentral angeordneten, schallisolierten Kanal (14) zugeführt wird; daß die Luft um einen Winkel von 180° im Bereich eines Drosselventils (21) umgelenkt wird, das neben dem oberen Bereich des Kanals angeordnet ist; und daß der umgelenkte Luftstrom veranlaßt wird, sich durch die Bohrungen (15) oder Schlitze, die in einer oder mehreren der Seitenplatten (16) der Vorrichtung vorgesehen sind, abgeleitet wird, ohne einer Druckerhöhung zu unterliegen.
  5. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wenn elektrische Kabel, Telefonkabel und ähnliches durch den Hohlraum (3) unter den Etagenboden (4) gezogen werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß entsprechende Kabel durch den Etagenboden über einen Raum (24) aufgenommen werden, der in entsprechenden Anschlußvorrichtungen (10) für Zufuhrluft an diesem Ende vorgesehen ist.
  6. Anschlußvorrichtung für Zufuhrluft zum Positionieren auf oder in der Nähe eines Etagenbodens (4) eines Ortes oder eines Raumes, wobei die Vorrichtung zum Zusammenwirken mit einer Luftklimatisiereinheit (2) vorgesehen ist, der zirkulierte Luft zugeführt wird und deren Auslaßöffnung für eine Verbindung mit dem Etagenboden vorgesehen ist, so daß klimatisierte Luft unter Druck an einen Hohlraum (3) unter dem Etagenboden geliefert wird, wobei die Anschlußvorrichtung für Zufuhrluft aufweist:
    a) einen Hauptkörper (16) mit einem Anschlußsockel (12) und einer oberen Platte (13);
    b) einen Luftzufuhrkanal (14), der in der Vorrichtung vorgesehen ist;
    c) mindestens eine Seitenplatte (16), die mit Luftauslaßbohrungen (15) oder Schlitzen versehen ist; und
    d) ein unterer Verbindungsteil (14a), der mit dem Anschlußsockel (12) und/oder dem Luftzufuhrkanal (14) verbunden ist und der für eine Verbindung mit einer Öffnung in dem Etagenboden vorgesehen ist, damit klimatisierte Luft unter Druck von dem Hohlraum (3) unter dem Etagenboden (4) zu der Anschlußvorrichtung für die Zufuhrluft geliefert werden kann, die so konstruiert ist, daß sie einen Verdrängungsluftstrom geringen Dralls bei einem Niveau liefert, das niedriger als das Niveau ist, bei dem Abluft aus dem Ort oder dem Raum ausgegeben wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Zufuhrkanal (14), der vorzugsweise zentral in der Vorrichtung (10) angeordnet ist, an dessen Oberteil eine thermostat-gesteuerte Ventileinrichtung (21) zum Steuern der Menge von Luft angebracht ist, die, mit der Ausnahme einer minimalen Strömung, um 180° zu einem Raum umgelenkt wird, der zwischen dem Kanal (14) und der Platte (16), die mit Auslaßbohrungen (15) oder Schlitzen versehen ist, umgelenkt wird; und dadurch, daß die Anschlußvorrichtung für die Luftzufuhr so konstruiert ist, daß sie einen Verdrängungsluftstrom niedrigen Dralls bei einem Niveau unterhalb des Niveaus liefert, bei dem die zirkulierte Luft in die Luftklimatisiereinheit (2) eingeleitet wird.
  7. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ventileinrichtung (21) zwei gekrümmte Teile (21a, 21b) aufweist und daß die Ventileinrichtung zum Steuern der Luftströmung auf zwei gegenüberliegende perforierte Seitenplatten (16) der Vorrichtung (10) beabsichtigt ist.
  8. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den zwei perforierten Seitenplatten (16) eine dritte perforierte Seitenplatte (17) angeordnet ist, durch die Luft geliefert wird.
  9. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Seitenplatte (23) der Vorrichtung (10) beweglich ist oder einen beweglichen Abschnitt aufweist und eine definierende Wand eines Raumes (24) in der Vorrichtung (10) bildet, wobei der Raum zum Unterbringen von elektrischen Kabeln, Telefonkabeln oder ähnlichem vorgesehen ist, die aus dem Hohlraum (3) unter dem Etagenboden aufgenommen werden.
  10. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, bei der die Bohrungen (15) oder Schlitze in der Seitenplatte oder den Seitenplatten (16; 17) in vertiakalen Reihen angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, leicht nach außen weisend, von jeder derartiger Reihe von Löchern oder Schlitzen eine vertikal sich erstreckende Platte (18) angeordnet ist, die Endteile hat, die nach innen in Richtung auf die Seitenplatten in einer Art gebogen sind, um den ausströmenden Zufuhrluftstrom umzulenken und Wirbelströmungen oder Turbulenzen darin zu schaffen.
  11. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hauptteil der Vorrichtung zu verschiedenen Höhenpositionen bezüglich des Anschlußsockels (12) bewegt werden kann und demontierbar in den Positionen befestigt ist.
EP19890850115 1988-04-11 1989-04-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Zufuhr von klimatisierter Luft Expired - Lifetime EP0337972B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8801334 1988-04-11
SE8801334A SE467019B (sv) 1988-04-11 1988-04-11 Saett och tilluftsdon vid deplacerande ventilation

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0337972A2 EP0337972A2 (de) 1989-10-18
EP0337972A3 EP0337972A3 (en) 1990-08-29
EP0337972B1 true EP0337972B1 (de) 1994-02-02

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EP19890850115 Expired - Lifetime EP0337972B1 (de) 1988-04-11 1989-04-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Zufuhr von klimatisierter Luft

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EP (1) EP0337972B1 (de)
DE (1) DE68912813T2 (de)
SE (1) SE467019B (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2690511B1 (fr) * 1992-04-24 1994-06-10 Levavasseur Guy Dispositif d'apport d'air respirable, notamment pour espaces confines.
SE508846C2 (sv) * 1996-03-11 1998-11-09 Leif Lind Tilluftsdon med hålförsedd vägg vid vilken är anordnad dysor och slitshål
CN108592186A (zh) * 2018-04-12 2018-09-28 中国建筑股份有限公司 大空间的微环境品质控制系统
CN111225547B (zh) * 2020-03-02 2024-08-09 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 机房空调系统

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2407448C3 (de) * 1974-02-16 1980-01-31 Schmidt-Reuter, Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh U. Co Kg, 5000 Koeln Anlage zur Lüftung bzw. Klimatisierung von Räumen
NO144804C (no) * 1976-12-09 1981-11-11 Leif Ingemar Lind Skjerm til forbedring av miljoeet for de enkelte arbeidsplasser i et arbeidslokale med flere arbeidsplasser
DE2938702A1 (de) * 1979-09-25 1981-04-09 LTG Luftechnische GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Klimaanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68912813D1 (de) 1994-03-17
SE8801334L (sv) 1989-10-12
DE68912813T2 (de) 1994-05-19
SE467019B (sv) 1992-05-11
SE8801334D0 (sv) 1988-04-11
EP0337972A2 (de) 1989-10-18
EP0337972A3 (en) 1990-08-29

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