EP0337139B1 - Ground covering by (concrete)blocks - Google Patents

Ground covering by (concrete)blocks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0337139B1
EP0337139B1 EP89104613A EP89104613A EP0337139B1 EP 0337139 B1 EP0337139 B1 EP 0337139B1 EP 89104613 A EP89104613 A EP 89104613A EP 89104613 A EP89104613 A EP 89104613A EP 0337139 B1 EP0337139 B1 EP 0337139B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spacers
concrete
soil covering
legs
joints
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89104613A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0337139A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Hagenah
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SF Kooperation GmbH Beton Konzepte
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SF Kooperation GmbH Beton Konzepte
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Publication date
Application filed by SF Kooperation GmbH Beton Konzepte filed Critical SF Kooperation GmbH Beton Konzepte
Priority to AT89104613T priority Critical patent/ATE84584T1/en
Publication of EP0337139A1 publication Critical patent/EP0337139A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0337139B1 publication Critical patent/EP0337139B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/005—Individual couplings or spacer elements for joining the prefabricated units
    • E01C5/006—Individual spacer elements

Definitions

  • Soil coverings with spacers of this type therefore have vertical dividing walls within the joints, which hinder the transverse development of the roots required for the fastening of the soil in the joints and a uniform growth of the vegetation.
  • spacers are known for example from DE-U-87 13 557.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

In ground coverings (paving areas) consisting of shaped (concrete) blocks (10) having vegetation-sustaining joints (11, 12), the uniform formation of the joints (11, 12) is achieved by the arrangement of spacers (13) between the shaped (concrete) blocks (10). The ground covering is provided with spacers (13), consisting of three horizontal supporting walls (14) which are arranged at an approximately identical distance from one another and are interconnected by means of two struts (15). This type of open construction permits transverse or horizontal through-holes, so that unimpeded plant growth is possible. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Erdreichabdeckung aus (Beton-) Formsteinen, die zur Bildung von pflanzlichen Bewuchs ermöglichenden Fugen (Längsfugen, Querfugen) zwischen den (Beton-)Formsteinen mit Abstand voneinander verlegt sind, wobei in so gebildeten Längsfugen und Querfugen Abstandhalter angeordnet sind, insbesondere mit aufrechten, durchgehenden Ausnehmungen.The invention relates to a soil cover made of (concrete) shaped blocks which are spaced from one another between the (concrete) shaped blocks to enable vegetation to form vegetation (longitudinal joints, transverse joints), spacers being arranged in the longitudinal joints and transverse joints formed in this way, in particular with upright, continuous recesses.

Zur Befestigung von Bodenbereichen mit pflanzlicher Bodenbedeckung, z.B. zur Bildung befestigter Fahrspuren auf Rasenuntergrund, ist es eine weitverbreitete Praxis, (Beton-)Formsteine unter Bildung von pflanzlichen Bewuchs ermöglichenden Fugen zu verlegen. Auf diese Weise wird der Eindruck verhindert, daß durch geschlossene Pflasterflächen begrünte Gebiete zerschnitten werden. Zur Bildung der Fugen zwischen den (Beton-)Formsteinen werden üblicherweise Abstandhalter eingesetzt, die zum einen das Ausrichten der (Beton-)Formsteine erheblich vereinfachen und zum anderen, für den Fall, daß es sich um nicht verrottbare Abstandhalter handelt, die beim Verlegen eingestellte Fugenbreite auf Dauer erhalten. Um bei derartigen Erdreichabdeckungen trotz der Verwendung von Abstandhaltern eine Begrünung der Fugen zu ermöglichen, werden unter anderem Abstandhalter verwendet, die vertikale Pflanzkanäle aufweisen, also Durchgangsöffnungen in vertikaler Richtung, oder als Hohlprofil ausgeführt sind.It is a widespread practice to fasten (concrete) shaped stones with the formation of vegetation-permitting joints to fasten soil areas with vegetal ground cover, for example to form paved lanes on lawn surfaces. In this way, the impression is prevented by closed paved surfaces green areas are cut up. Spacers are usually used to form the joints between the (concrete) shaped blocks, which, on the one hand, considerably simplifies the alignment of the (concrete) shaped blocks and, on the other hand, in the case that the spacers are non-rotten, the one set when laying Preserve joint width in the long term. In order to enable the joints to be greened despite the use of spacers in such ground coverings, spacers are used, among other things, which have vertical planting channels, that is to say through-openings in the vertical direction, or are designed as a hollow profile.

Erdreichabdeckungen mit Abstandhaltern dieser Art weisen demnach vertikale Trennwände innerhalb der Fugen auf, die eine für die Befestigung des Erdreichs in den Fugen sowie ein gleichmäßiges Wachstum der Begrünung erforderliche Querentwicklung der Wurzeln behindern. Derartige Abstandhalter sind beispielsweise aus der DE-U-87 13 557 bekannt.Soil coverings with spacers of this type therefore have vertical dividing walls within the joints, which hinder the transverse development of the roots required for the fastening of the soil in the joints and a uniform growth of the vegetation. Such spacers are known for example from DE-U-87 13 557.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Erdreichabdeckung vorzuschlagen, bei der ein pflanzlicher Bewuchs innerhalb der Fugen in keiner Weise behindert, gleichwohl eine sichere Abstützung der (Beton-)Formsteine untereinander ermöglicht wird.The invention has for its object to propose a soil cover, in which vegetal growth within the joints in no way hinders, nevertheless a safe support of the (concrete) stones is made possible with each other.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist die erfindungsgemäße Erdreichabdeckung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abstandhalter quer bzw. horizontal verlaufende, durchgehende Öffnungen aufweisen.To achieve this object, the soil cover according to the invention is characterized in that the spacers have transverse or horizontal, continuous openings.

Vorteilhafterweise weisen die Abstandhalter mindestens zwei mit Abstand voneinander angeordnete, horizontale Stützwandungen auf, die durch mindestens eine aufrechte Verbindungsstrebe miteinander verbunden sind. In einer Ausführungsform besteht der Abstandhalter für die erfindungsgemäße Erdreichabdeckung aus drei in etwa gleichem Abstand voneinander angeordneten horizontalen Stützwandungen, die mit zwei Verbindungsstreben untereinander verbunden sind. Diese Art der offenen Bauweise hat neben der für die Querentwicklung der Wurzeln wichtigen horizontalen Durchgängigkeit den Vorteil großer Steifigkeit in Belastungsrichtung. Letzteres wird auch unterstützt durch die einstückige Fertigung des Abstandshalters als Spritzgußteil aus Kunststoff.The spacers advantageously have at least two horizontal support walls which are arranged at a distance from one another and are connected to one another by at least one upright connecting strut. In one embodiment, the spacer for the ground covering according to the invention consists of three horizontal support walls arranged at approximately the same distance from one another, which have two connecting struts are interconnected. In addition to the horizontal patency that is important for the lateral development of the roots, this type of open construction has the advantage of great rigidity in the direction of loading. The latter is also supported by the one-piece production of the spacer as an injection molded part made of plastic.

Die einzelnen Stützwandungen des Abstandhalters sind U-förmig ausgebildet und weisen einen Zentriervorsprung auf zur paßgenauen Anlage an die (Beton-)Formsteine. Die U-förmige Gestaltung der Stützwandungen bietet den Vorteil, daß einerseits eine breite Basis zur sicheren Abstützung vorhanden ist und andererseits, bedingt durch die schlanke Ausführung der U-förmigen Gestaltung, eine breite, vertikal durchgehende Öffnung des Abstandhalters vorhanden ist. Somit wird auch das Pflanzenwachstum in vertikaler Richtung innerhalb der erfindungsgemäßen Erdreichabdeckung durch die Abstandhalter nicht behindert.The individual support walls of the spacer are U-shaped and have a centering protrusion for a precise fit against the (concrete) shaped blocks. The U-shaped design of the support walls offers the advantage that, on the one hand, there is a broad base for secure support and, on the other hand, due to the slim design of the U-shaped design, there is a wide, vertically continuous opening of the spacer. Thus, the plant growth in the vertical direction within the soil cover according to the invention is not hindered by the spacers.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung betreffen die detaillierte Ausgestaltung der Stützwandungen des Abstandhalters sowie die Anordnung der Abstandhalter in einer Pflasterfläche aus (Beton-)Formsteinen zur Bildung der Erdreichabdeckung.Further features of the invention relate to the detailed design of the support walls of the spacer and the arrangement of the spacers in a paving surface made of (concrete) shaped stones to form the soil cover.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Erdreichabdeckung mit (Beton-)Formsteinen und zwischen diesen angeordneten Abstandhaltern in der Draufsicht,
Fig. 2
einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus der Erdreichabdeckung gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen Abstandhalter in perspektivischer Darstellung,
Fig. 4
eine Stützwandung des Abstandhalters gemäß Fig. 3 als Draufsicht,
Fig. 5
eine Seitenansicht der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Erdreichabdeckung in Richtung des X-Pfeils,
Fig. 6
eine weitere Seitenansicht der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Erdreichabdeckung in Richtung des Y-Pfeils.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1
a ground cover with (concrete) shaped blocks and spacers arranged between them in plan view,
Fig. 2
2 shows an enlarged section of the soil cover according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
a spacer in perspective,
Fig. 4
3 shows a support wall of the spacer according to FIG. 3 as a top view,
Fig. 5
a side view of that shown in Fig. 2 Soil cover in the direction of the X arrow,
Fig. 6
a further side view of the soil cover shown in Fig. 2 in the direction of the Y arrow.

Die Erdreichabdeckung (Pflasterfläche) gemäß Fig. 1 setzt sich zusammen aus (Beton-) Formsteinen 10 und zwischen diesen unter Bildung von pflanzlichen Bewuchs ermöglichenden Längsfugen 11 und Querfugen 12 angeordneten Abstandhaltern 13.1 is composed of (concrete) shaped blocks 10 and spacers 13 arranged between these longitudinal joints 11 and transverse joints 12, which enable vegetation to form vegetation.

Jeder Abstandhalter 13 besteht aus drei in gleichen Abständen voneinander angeordneten horizontalen Stützwandungen 14 und Verbindungsstreben 15 zur Verbindung der Stützwandungen 14 untereinander.Each spacer 13 consists of three horizontal support walls 14 and connecting struts 15 arranged at equal distances from one another for connecting the support walls 14 to one another.

Die Stützwandungen 14 weisen eine im wesentlichen U-förmige Kontur auf und sind zusammengesetzt aus einer Basis 16 mit zwei rechtwinklig davon abgehenden Schenkeln 17. Ein Teil der Basis 16 ist als Zentriervorsprung 18 ausgestaltet. Dieser erstreckt sich rechtwinklig ausgehend von einem den Schenkeln 17 gegenüberliegenden Längsrand 19 der Basis 16, derart, daß jeweils ein Teil des Längsrandes 19 mit einem Seitenrand 20 bzw. 21 des Zentriervorsprungs 18 eine rechtwinklig verlaufende Anlagekante 22 bzw. 23 bildet zur Ausbildung einer Querfuge 12 zwischen zwei benachbarten (Beton-)Formsteinen 10.The support walls 14 have an essentially U-shaped contour and are composed of a base 16 with two legs 17 extending at right angles therefrom. A part of the base 16 is designed as a centering projection 18. This extends at right angles from a longitudinal edge 19 of the base 16 opposite the legs 17, such that a part of the longitudinal edge 19 with a side edge 20 or 21 of the centering projection 18 forms a right-angled contact edge 22 or 23 to form a transverse joint 12 between two adjacent (concrete) shaped blocks 10.

Die Schenkel 17 der Stützwandungen 14 sind zur Bildung der Längsfugen 11 bestimmt. Die Länge L der Schenkel 17 entspricht der Breite B des Zentriervorsprungs 18; somit entsteht ein einheitliches Fugenbild der aus (Beton-)Formsteinen 10 gebildeten Pflasterfläche. Die Schenkel 17 sowie der Zentriervorsprung 18 und die Basis 16 weisen an ihren Rändern unterschiedliche Ausnehmungen 24 sowie 25 auf. An den freien Enden der Schenkel 17 ist jeweils eine halbkreisförmige Ausnehmung 24 vorgesehen. Der Durchmesser der Ausnehmungen 24 ist kleiner gewählt als die Breite der Schenkel 17. Somit verbleiben in jedem Anlagebereich 26 zwischen den Schenkeln 17 und einem mittig, gleichzeitig an beiden Schenkeln 17 der Stützwandungen 14 anliegenden (Beton-)Formstein 10 zwei kurze Anlagekanten 27. Diese ermöglichen ein Abstützen nach dem Prinzip der Zweibein-Abstützung, so daß die herstellungsbedingten, zufällig entlang der Kontur der (Beton-)Formsteine 10 verteilten Unebenheiten sich nicht nachteilig, nämlich durch Bildung einer konvergent verlaufenden Längsfuge 11, auswirken. Die gegenüberliegend an der Basis 16 und dem Zentriervorsprung 18 der Stützwandungen 14 vorgesehenen Ausnehmungen 25 weisen eine trapezförmige Gestaltung auf. Die Ausnehmungen 25 dienen zum einen der Materialeinsparung, zum anderen soll durch sie die Oberfläche der Stützwandungen 14 minimiert werden, um ein ungehindertes, vertikales Pflanzenwachstum auch im Bereich der Abstandhalter 13 zu ermöglichen.The legs 17 of the support walls 14 are intended to form the longitudinal joints 11. The length L of the legs 17 corresponds to the width B of the centering projection 18; This creates a uniform joint pattern of the paving surface formed from (concrete) shaped blocks 10. The legs 17 and the centering projection 18 and the base 16 have different recesses 24 and 25 at their edges. At the free ends of the legs 17 there is one semicircular recess 24 is provided. The diameter of the recesses 24 is selected to be smaller than the width of the legs 17. Thus, two short contact edges 27 remain in each contact region 26 between the legs 17 and a (concrete) molded block 10 which is in the center and which is adjacent to both legs 17 of the supporting walls 14 enable a support on the principle of bipod support, so that the manufacturing-related bumps randomly distributed along the contour of the (concrete) shaped blocks 10 do not have a disadvantageous effect, namely by forming a converging longitudinal joint 11. The recesses 25 provided opposite on the base 16 and the centering projection 18 of the support walls 14 have a trapezoidal design. The recesses 25 serve on the one hand to save material, and on the other hand they are intended to minimize the surface of the support walls 14 in order to enable unhindered vertical plant growth even in the area of the spacers 13.

In der Erdreichabdeckung (Pflasterfläche) gemäß Fig. 1 dient jeder Abstandhalter 13 der Abstützung von drei (Beton-)Formsteinen 10. Die Höhe der Abstandhalter 13 ist der Höhe der (Beton-)Formsteine 10 insoweit angepaßt, als ein ausreichend großer Freiraum 28 bis zur Oberkante der (Beton-)Formsteine 10 verbleibt, so daß die Abstandhalter 13 nach Begrünung der Längsfugen 11 und Querfugen 12 nicht mehr sichtbar sind. Die in die Pflasterfläche integrierten Abstandhalter 13 stehen mit jeweils einer der drei Stützwandungen 14 auf dem Untergrund auf. Somit verbleiben zwei Stützwandungen 14 für eine statisch bestimmte Abstützung der (Beton-)Formsteine 10. Die Verbindungsstreben 15 der Abstandhalter 13 sind so angeordnet, daß sie die Abstützung durch die Stützwandungen 14 nicht beeinträchtigen, gleichwohl für eine ausreichende Stabilität der Abstandhalter 13 sorgen.1, each spacer 13 serves to support three (concrete) shaped blocks 10. The height of the spacers 13 is adapted to the height of the (concrete) shaped blocks 10 insofar as a sufficiently large free space 28 to to the upper edge of the (concrete) shaped blocks 10 remains, so that the spacers 13 are no longer visible after greening the longitudinal joints 11 and transverse joints 12. The spacers 13 integrated into the paving surface each stand on the substrate with one of the three support walls 14. Thus, two support walls 14 remain for a statically determined support of the (concrete) shaped blocks 10. The connecting struts 15 of the spacers 13 are arranged such that they do not impair the support by the support walls 14, but nevertheless ensure that the spacers 13 are sufficiently stable.

Claims (11)

  1. Soil covering made from (concrete) shaped bricks (10), which are laid at a distance from one another in order to create joints (longitudinal joints, transverse joints), enabling plant growth, between the (concrete) shaped bricks, spacers (13) being disposed in longitudinal joints (11) and transverse joints (12) thus formed, in particular having upright, continuous recesses, characterised in that the spacers (13) exhibit continuous openings running transversely or horizontally.
  2. Soil covering according to Claim 1, characterised in that the spacers (13) exhibit at least two horizontal supporting walls (14), disposed at a distance from one other, which are interconnected by at least one (upright) connecting strut (15).
  3. Soil covering according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the spacers (13) are provided with three supporting walls (14), disposed approximately equidistant from one another, and two connecting struts (15).
  4. Soil covering according to Claim 1 and one or more of the further claims, characterised in that the spacers (13) are produced as a (one-piece) injection-moulded part made from plastic.
  5. Soil covering according to Claim 2 and one or more of the further claims, characterised in that the supporting walls (14) of the spacers (13) exhibit a U-shaped contour having legs (17) and a base (16), the base (16) merging, at a longitudinal border (19) lying opposite the legs (17), into a centring projection (18).
  6. Soil covering according to Claim 5 and one or more of the further claims, characterised in that the length (L) of the legs (17) of the spacers (13) corresponds to the width (B) of the centring projection (18).
  7. Soil covering according to Claim 5 and one or more of the further claims, characterised in that the spacers (13) exhibit, at the free ends of the legs (17), recesses, in particular semi-circular recesses (24), the diameter of which is less than the width of the legs (17).
  8. Soil covering according to Claim 5 and one or more of the further claims, characterised in that the centring projection (18) of the spacers (13) exhibits, at its longitudinal border, a recess, in particular a trapezoidal recess (25).
  9. Soil covering according to Claim 5 and one or more of the further claims, characterised in that the spacers (13) exhibit, at the border of the base (16) limited laterally by the legs (17), a recess, in particular a trapezoidal recess (25).
  10. Soil covering according to Claim 1 and one or more of the further claims, characterised in that the spacers (13) are disposed between the (concrete) shaped bricks (10) in such a way that one spacer (13) in each case supports three adjacently laid (concrete) shaped bricks (10) against one another, the centring projection (18) of the spacers (13) serving to configure the transverse joints (12) and the legs (17) serving to configure the longitudinal joints (11).
  11. Soil covering according to Claim 10 and one or more of the further claims, characterised in that the (concrete) shaped bricks (10) are disposed in a mutually offset arrangement at both sides of the longitudinal joints (11), one (concrete) shaped brick (10) on one side of a longitudinal joint (11) being in each case supported by the legs (17) of the spacers (13) against two adjoining (concrete) shaped bricks (10) on the other side of the longitudinal joint (11).
EP89104613A 1988-04-15 1989-03-15 Ground covering by (concrete)blocks Expired - Lifetime EP0337139B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89104613T ATE84584T1 (en) 1988-04-15 1989-03-15 SOIL COVER MADE OF (CONCRETE) SHAPED STONES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8804964U DE8804964U1 (en) 1988-04-15 1988-04-15 Spacers for (concrete) shaped blocks
DE8804964U 1988-04-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0337139A1 EP0337139A1 (en) 1989-10-18
EP0337139B1 true EP0337139B1 (en) 1993-01-13

Family

ID=6822959

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89104613A Expired - Lifetime EP0337139B1 (en) 1988-04-15 1989-03-15 Ground covering by (concrete)blocks

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0337139B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE84584T1 (en)
DE (2) DE8804964U1 (en)
DK (1) DK167230B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9107042U1 (en) * 1991-05-04 1992-03-12 E. Raiss GmbH & Co. KG, 8908 Krumbach Spacers to ensure uniform spacing between components, e.g. paving stones

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2930135A (en) * 1955-05-20 1960-03-29 Sr Robert J Rodtz Tile setting gauge
DE8713557U1 (en) * 1987-10-09 1987-11-19 Niederdreisbacherhütte GmbH, 5241 Niederdreisbach Spacers for paving stones

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58903253D1 (en) 1993-02-25
EP0337139A1 (en) 1989-10-18
ATE84584T1 (en) 1993-01-15
DK135989A (en) 1989-10-16
DE8804964U1 (en) 1988-07-14
DK135989D0 (en) 1989-03-20
DK167230B1 (en) 1993-09-20

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