DE9007673U1 - Kit made of (concrete) shaped blocks - Google Patents

Description

Description:

The invention relates to a kit of block-shaped molded stones for creating a soil cover, whereby the molded stones are rectangular or square in plan and are delimited by four vertical side surfaces, rib-shaped, upright spacer studs are arranged on all side surfaces, which have an approximately equal thickness as a depth to the side surfaces, so that all spacer studs protrude essentially the same distance from the side surfaces, and two side surfaces are designed to match in terms of the number and relative position of the spacer studs, namely the distance of the same from an imaginary, upright center line of the respective side surface.

&iacgr;&idigr;&iacgr;

I **

&igr; DE-U-8 705 004 describes (concrete) shaped stones of the type mentioned above, in which the spacer studs lie flush against each other after the stones have been laid, thus creating joints between the sides of the shaped stones, the width of which is twice the thickness of the spacer studs. These joints are intended to drain surface water. Such joints can also be used for grass growth. However, if there is a higher traffic load, such a paving stone becomes &iacgr;&ogr; unstable.

There are also (concrete) shaped stones in which the spacer studs are arranged in such a way that narrower joints are created, which are filled with filter gravel after laying and serve to allow water to seep away. Since the paving joints here are not as wide as the lawn joints, this type of paving can be exposed to higher traffic loads.

It is disadvantageous if different types of shaped stones have to be produced, stored and transported depending on the type of pavement to be created, as this increases the costs considerably. Furthermore, it is often desirable to create a pavement that is essentially visually uniform and designed to suit the different traffic loads.

The object of the invention is to further develop a kit of (concrete) shaped blocks of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that the shaped blocks can be laid with different joint widths and at the same time the laying process itself is simplified.

This object is achieved by a kit which has the features of claim 1. This kit made of (concrete) shaped blocks makes it possible to produce different types of soil coverings (paving) by means of a targeted relative arrangement of the shaped blocks to one another.

&igr; which have joints of different widths depending on the traffic load.

When laying the stones in such a way that the spacer studs of all the shaped stones are spaced apart, a joint is formed that is defined by the width of the (single) thickness of the spacer studs, which serves as a trickle joint or a growth joint that allows for narrow grass growth or the like. However, if the shaped stones are laid with "similar" side surfaces to one another, so that the spacer studs are abutting, wider joints are formed between the shaped stone side surfaces, the width of which is defined by twice the thickness of the spacer studs. These joints can be used for grass growth.

The number and arrangement of the spacer studs on the side surfaces of the shaped stones can be done in a variety of ways, whereby the principle must be taken into account that by turning the individual shaped stones by 90° or 180° relative to each other, a continuous paving with spacer studs that are both abutting and gapping can be created. The easiest way to achieve this is to have two side surfaces that are adjacent to each other "at an angle" that are designed to match in terms of the number and relative position of the spacer studs. For example, the two side surfaces that are adjacent to each other "at an angle" can each have two spacer studs arranged at a distance from each other, while the other two adjacent side surfaces each have one spacer stud. In this case, it is best if the spacer studs on the side surfaces are arranged with only one spacer stud in the middle of the side surface.

Finally, it is possible to assign two spacer studs or just one spacer stud to each side surface, so that such a shaped block has either a total of eight or a total of four spacer studs. In the first

In the above-mentioned case, the larger number of spacer studs would result in greater stability of the paving in terms of bearing traffic loads, but would leave smaller "gaps" for any plant growth. In the other case, i.e. with only four spacer studs, the paving would have relatively large gaps running lengthways along the joints to form relatively extensive, almost uninterrupted plant growth.

&iacgr;&ogr; Spacer studs preferably have the same dimensions. However, the individual spacer studs can be provided with a greater width than the double spacer studs per side surface.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims and the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In the drawing:

Fig. 1 a shaped brick (first embodiment)
in plan view,

Fig. 2 shows a shaped brick according to Fig. 1 in a side view,

Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a stone laying to form wide (lawn) joints,

Fig. 4 the arrangement according to Fig. 3 in side view,

Fig.5

and 6 the arrangement according to Figs. 3 and 4, where

the joints are filled with grass,

Fig. 7 the top view of a stone laying for
Formation of narrow (drainage) joints
between the stones,

-&dgr;&igr;

Fig. 8 is a side view of the arrangement according to Fig. 7,

Fig.9

and 10 the arrangements according to Figs. 7 and 8, where

the joints are filled with filter gravel or grit ,

Fig. 11 a shaped brick (second embodiment) in plan view,

Fig. 12 a schematic representation of a stone laying to form wide joints,

Fig. 13 a stone laying to form narrow joints,

Fig. 14 an alternative laying arrangement of the shaped blocks to that shown in Fig. 12 with wide joints,

Fig. 15 a shaped brick (third embodiment) in plan view,

Fig. 16 a schematic representation of a stone

Laying to form wide joints,

Fig. 17 a stone laying to form narrow joints,

Fig. 18 a stone laying to form partially narrow joints and wide joints,

Fig. 19 a shaped brick (fourth embodiment) in plan view,

&igr; Fig. 20 a schematic representation of a stone laying to form wide joints,

Fig. 21 a stone laying to form narrow joints,

Fig. 22 a shaped brick (fifth embodiment) in plan view,

&iacgr;&ogr; Fig. 23 a schematic representation of a stone laying to form wide joints,

Fig. 24 a stone laying to form narrow joints,

Fig. 25 a shaped brick with rectangular base areas (sixth embodiment) in plan view,

Fig. 26 a schematic representation of a stone laying to form wide joints, and

Fig. 27 a stone laying to form narrow joints.

The concrete shaped blocks 10, 33, 37, 40, according to the first five embodiments have a substantially square shape, so that the side surfaces 11..14 of the shaped blocks 10, 33, 37, 40, 45 are of equal length and their corners 24 are equidistant from one another.

Two adjacent surfaces 11 and 12 of the molded block 10 according to the first embodiment (Fig. 1 to 10) each have two spacer studs 15 and 16 or 17 and, while the adjacent side surfaces 13 and each have only one spacer stud 19 or 20.

The only spacer studs 19 and 20 are attached centrally on the side surfaces 13 and 14, and thus lie exactly (symmetrically) on the center lines 31, 32 of the shaped block 10 running through the centers of the side surfaces 13, 14.

The pairs of spacer studs 15, 16 and 17, 18 attached to the opposite side surfaces 11 and 12 of the molded block 10 are each attached close to the corners 24 of the molded block 10 and are therefore also located symmetrically on both sides of the center lines 31, 32. The clear distances a between the pairs of spacer studs 15, 16 and 17, 18 are greater than the width b of the spacer studs 15..20. The thickness d, i.e. the amount by which the spacer studs 15..20 protrude from the side surfaces 11..14, is chosen to be the same for all spacer studs 15..20.

At their end faces facing the underside 28 of the shaped block 10, the spacer studs 15..20 are flush with the underside 28. The height h of the spacer studs is less than that of the shaped blocks 10. At their upper ends, the spacer studs 15..20 have bevels 25, over which they run towards the respective side surface 11..14 of the shaped block and merge into it.

The top 27 of the shaped blocks 10 merges with the side surfaces 11..14 through a rounded section 26 that runs all the way around, which can alternatively be a bevel. The bevels 25 of the spacer studs 15..20 each end a certain distance below the rounded sections 26, so that after grouting the bevels 25 and thus the entire spacer studs 15..20 are no longer visible.

Depending on how the shaped blocks 10 are aligned with each other, the shaped blocks 10 are now either spacer studs against spacer studs, so that the joints 21 between the pairs of spacer studs 15, 16 / 17, 18 or 19, 20, i.e. the distances between side walls 11, 12 or 13, 14 facing each other, are approximately the thickness d of two sections.

-δ&igr; standing studs 15..20 correspond. This type of installation is shown in Fig. 3, 4 and 5, 6. In an alternative type of installation, the spacer studs 15..20 of the shaped stones 10 are spaced apart from one another. In the embodiment shown, a spacer stud 19 or 20 is always located centrally between two spacer studs 15, 16 or 17, 18 arranged on the outside of a respective side surface 11 or 12. The joints 53 between the side surfaces 11..14 of adjacent shaped blocks 10 and the corners 24 therefore correspond approximately to the thickness d of a spacer stud 15..20, whereby the joints 53 will usually be somewhat larger than the thickness d if the spacer studs 15..20 do not lie directly against the side surfaces 11..14 of the adjacent shaped block 10 facing their respective front sides. This type of installation is shown in Figs. 7 to 10.

If, after laying the shaped stones 10, a paving is to be made between the joints 21 of the shaped stones 10, which in particular have twice the thickness 2d of the spacer studs 15..20

zo are filled with humus or the like and covered with grass, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, or the narrower joints 53 according to Figs. 9 and 10 are only filled with sand 30, a visually uniform paving surface is formed in which the spacer studs 15..20 are no longer visible due to their lower height compared to the base body of the molded stone 10, namely they are either covered by the sand 30 or by the grass 29 or humus or the like.

Figures 11 to 13 relate to an alternative embodiment of a shaped block 33, which differs from the previously described shaped block 10 by a different design and arrangement of individual spacer studs 34 on the side surfaces 13 and 14. Otherwise, the shaped block 33 is similar to the shaped block 10. This also applies to the further embodiments of the invention described below, namely the shaped blocks 37, 40 and 45.

&igr; The spacer studs 34, 35 individually assigned to the side surfaces 13, 14 of the molded block 33 are arranged asymmetrically to the center lines 31, 32, in such a way that they still run through the spacer studs 34, 35, but in a lateral area. In the embodiment shown, the center lines 31, 32 run through the spacer studs 34, 35 over a quarter of the width 2b, i.e. are offset by a quarter from their center (see Fig. 11). The offset of the spacer studs 34, 35 relative to one another is such that the larger part of the width 2b of the spacer studs 34, 35, namely two thirds of the same, points to a corner 36 enclosed between the two adjacent side walls 13, 14 running at right angles to one another.

The spacer studs 34, 35 on the molded block 33 have a greater width than the other spacer studs 15..18 arranged in pairs on two side surfaces 11, 12, namely in the embodiment shown they have twice the width 2b of the same. Alternatively, other width ratios between the spacer studs 34, 35 on the one hand and the spacer studs 15..18 on the other hand can also be considered.

When laying the shaped blocks 33 with spacer studs 15..18 and 34, 35 abutting, i.e. with (double) width joints 21, the spacer studs 34, 35 are only partially abutting due to their asymmetrical arrangement, in that only half of the width 2b of each of the adjacent spacer studs 34, 35 overlaps. This is clearly shown in Fig. 12. The remaining (single-width) spacer studs 15..18 are in turn opposite each other with almost the full width b. Alternatively, it is conceivable to arrange the shaped blocks 33 with a different relative position to one another than that shown in Fig. 12 with spacer studs 15..18 abutting in front of one another, in which case the double-width individual spacer studs 34, 35 are abutting over their entire surface, i.e. over their entire (double) width.

&igr; 2b lie against each other. The contact surface of the double-width spacer studs 34, 35 then corresponds to that of the normal-width spacer studs 15..18 arranged in pairs. As a result, despite the different number of spacer studs 15..18 or 34 and 35, there are equally large contact surfaces on the individual side surfaces 11..14 of the shaped stones 33 for the even distribution of traffic loads in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the paving (Fig. 14).

When laying the shaped blocks 33 with spacer studs 15..18 or 34, 35 in a gap according to Fig. 13, the individual spacer studs 34 or 35 come between a pair of spacer studs 15, 16 or 17, 18. This creates relatively large contact surfaces between the narrow joints 53 of the shaped blocks 33 for the transfer of particularly large traffic loads.

Fig. 15 to 18 show a molded block 37, which in turn has six equally wide spacer studs 15..18 and 38, 39. Here, opposite side surfaces 11 and 12 are each assigned two spacer studs 15, 16 and 17, 18, respectively, in a symmetrical edge arrangement according to the two embodiments described above. The two remaining opposite side surfaces 13 and 14 of the molded block 37 each have a single spacer stud 38, 39, which are arranged asymmetrically to the center line 32 bisecting the side surfaces 12 and 14, and are located a short distance from the center line 32. Alternatively, the spacer studs 38, 39 can also lie with a lateral edge on the center line 32. The spacer studs 38 and 39 are offset towards the same side of the center line 32, so they are both closer to the transverse side surface 12 connecting the side surfaces 13 and 14. This is clearly shown in Fig. 15.

&igr; Fig. 16 shows the laying of the shaped blocks 37 with spacer studs 15..18 or 38, 39 lying abutting, so that the joint 21 between adjacent shaped blocks 37 corresponds to twice the thickness of the spacer studs 15..18 or 38, 39. All spacer studs 15..18 or 38, 39 lie abutting over their entire surface.

In Fig. 17, a laying of the shaped stones 37 with spacer studs 15..18 and 38, 39 completely spaced apart is shown, so that here the joints 53 are equally wide both in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the paving, namely only approximately corresponding to the thickness d of a respective spacer stud 15..18 or 38, 39.

Finally, Fig. 18 shows an alternative installation option, in which only the individual spacer studs 38, 39 are spaced apart, thus forming a narrow joint 53 with only one thickness d of the spacer studs 38, 39, whereas the spacer studs 15..18 assigned in pairs to a respective side surface 11 or 12 are fully overlapping and abutting to form a wide joint 21 with approximately twice the thickness 2d of the spacer studs 15..18. In this way, two spacer studs 15..18 are supported on one another in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the paving formed in the manner shown from several shaped stones 37, while the individual spacer studs 38, 39 are in contact with corresponding side surfaces 13 or 14 of adjacent shaped stones 37. This means that approximately equal traffic loads can be transferred in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the paving. In addition, the joints 21, 53 can be planted with varying degrees of intensity, or there can be only grass 29 in one direction, while in the other direction there is only unplanted sand 30 between the joints 53. In this way, particularly interesting optical effects can be created.

&igr; Fig. 19 to 21 show a shaped block 40 which has two external spacer studs 15, 16 and 17, 18 on adjacent side surfaces 11 and 12 running at right angles to one another, which are designed and positioned similarly to the shaped block 10 according to Fig. 1. The two remaining side surfaces 13 and 14 of the shaped block 40 also have two spacer studs 41..44 arranged symmetrically to the center lines 31, 32, which have the same dimensions as the other spacer studs 15..18

&iacgr;&ogr; are trained. As can be seen from Fig. 19, the distance between the spacer studs 41..44 assigned in pairs to the respective side surface 13 or 14 is smaller than that of the spacer studs 15..18 on the side surfaces 11, 12, namely chosen such that the distance between two outer surfaces of the spacer studs 41, 42 or 43, 44 is slightly smaller than the clear distance a between mutually facing side surfaces of the spacer studs 15, 16 or 17, 18. In this way it is ensured that with a corresponding relative arrangement of the shaped blocks 40 to one another, the spacer studs 41..44 which are closer together can enter between the two outer spacer studs 15..18, i.e. can be laid in a gap between them to form narrow gaps or joints 53 as shown in Fig. 21.

To form double-width joints 21, the shaped blocks 40 can be laid in such a relative position to one another that all spacer studs 15..18 and 41..44 are flush with one another (Fig. 20).

Fig. 22 to 24 relate to a molded block 45 that has only four spacer studs 46..49, whereby each side surface 11..14 is assigned a single spacer stud 46, 47 or 48, 49. As Fig. 22 shows, all spacer studs 46..49 are arranged asymmetrically to the center lines 31, 32, namely they are located a small distance next to them. In this case, spacer studs 46, 48 or 47, 49 located on opposite side surfaces 11, 13 or 12, 14 are on the same side of the corresponding center line.

- 13 -

&igr; line 31, 32. This means that two spacer studs 46, 48 and 47, 49 are located directly opposite each other in pairs.

By arranging the shaped blocks 45 relative to each other, they can be laid with double-wide joints 21, in that the spacer studs 46, 49 of adjacent shaped blocks 45 lie flush with each other over their entire surface (Fig. 23), but also to form narrow joints 53 with a thickness of approximately

Î d a spacer stud 46..49, whereby the spacer studs 46..49 then lie on a gap (Fig. 24). A paving made from the shaped stones 45 has the advantage over the paving made from the shaped stones 10, 33, 37 or 40 that even when laid with narrower joints 53, the free spaces between adjacent shaped stones 45 are relatively large due to the individual spacer studs 46..49 on the side surfaces 11..14, so that despite narrow joints, almost continuous vegetation is still possible.

Finally, Fig. 25 to 27 show a shaped block with a rectangular base. This has two short side surfaces 12, 14 and two long side surfaces 51, 52. The shaped block 50 has, based on the shaped block 10, six spacer studs 15..20, which are distributed on the side surfaces 11, 13 and 51, 52 according to the same basic geometric principle as the shaped block 10, i.e. are arranged symmetrically in the center lines 31, 32. In other respects, the shaped block 50 corresponds in its design to the shaped block 10 or the shaped blocks 33, 37, 40 and 45. It is also conceivable to provide the spacer studs on the shaped block 50 according to the geometric principle of the shaped blocks 33, 37, 40 and 45.

Depending on their relative arrangement, several shaped blocks 50 can be laid with spacer studs 15..20 lying abutting (Fig. 26) or gapping (Fig. 27), so that joints 53 with a single thickness d or joints 21

- 14 with double thickness of the spacer studs 15..20.

In contrast to the rectangular and square base areas described above, shaped stones with other polygonal, for example hexagonal, base areas and corresponding spacer studs can also be formed in accordance with the invention.

Applicant in:

SF-Kooperation GmbH Concrete Concepts Bremerhavener Heerstraße 40

28717 Bremen

6 October 1993/4826 SK0-229G-DE

Reference number

10 Formstone 11 Side surface 12 Side surface 13 Side surface 14 Side surface 15 Spacer stud 16 Spacer stud 17 Spacer stud 18 Spacer stud 19 Spacer stud 20 Spacer stud 21 Joints (wide) 24 Corner 25 bevel 26 Rounding 27 Top 28 bottom 29 Race 30 sand 31 Centerline 32 Centerline 33 Formstone 34 Spacer stud 35 Spacer stud 36 Corner 37 Formstone

38 Spacer stud 39 Spacer stud 40 Formstone 41 Spacer stud 42 Spacer stud 43 Spacer stud 44 Spacer stud 45 Formstone 46 Spacer stud 47 Spacer stud 48 Spacer stud 49 Spacer stud 50 Formstone 51 long side surface 52 long side surface 53 Joints (narrow) a clear distance b Width 2 B double width d thickness H Height

Claims (13)

1 of the in! Your reference Your rel - 15 - Bremen - Munich* Patent Attorneys ■ European Patent Attorneys
Hans Meissner Dipl.-Ing., (until 1980) Erich Bolte Dipl.-Ing.
Friedrich Möller Dipl.-Ing.
SF-K00perati0n GmbH Dr. Eugen Popp Dipl.-Ing,· &eegr; , Ln7onto Wolf E. Sajda Dipl-Phys.' bexon-NOnzepxe Dr. Johannes Bohnenberger Dipt-Ing * Bremerhavener Heerstraße 40 Dr. ciaus Reinländer Dipi-i-*,· _ _ _ ₁ _ _ Patent Attorney COI 1 I Bremen Karsten Heiland Dipl.-Ing. Lawyer Dr. jur. Frank Dettmann Address: Telephone: (04 21)34 2019 Hollerallee 73 Telex: 2 46157 meibo d D-28209 Bremen Fax: (04 21) 34 2296 SK0-229G-DE °^ ^m 6 October 1993/4826 Construction kit made of (concrete) shaped blocks Expectations: 10 1. Kit of block-shaped molded stones (10) for creating a soil cover, wherein the molded stones (10) are rectangular or square in plan and are delimited by four vertical side surfaces (11, 12, 13, 14), rib-shaped, upright spacer studs (15..20; 34, 35; 38, 39; 42..44; 46..49) are arranged on all side surfaces (11, 12, 13, 14), which have an approximately equal thickness (d) as a depth to the side surfaces (11, 12..), so that all spacer studs (15, 16..) protrude essentially the same distance from the side surfaces (11, 12..), and two side surfaces (11, 12..) with regard to the number and relative position of the spacer studs (15, 16..), namely the distance of the same from an imaginary, upright center line of the respective side surface (11, 12, - 16 - &igr; 13, 14), are designed in a consistent manner, thereby characterized by - the height (h) of the spacer studs (15, 16..) approximately corresponds to the height of the shaped block (10), - two first side surfaces (11, 12..) differ from the other two side surfaces (H, &iacgr;&ogr; 12..) are trained, - the relative position, number and width of the spacer studs (15, 16..) of the side surfaces (11, 12..) are selected so that the spacer studs (15, 16..) of two side surfaces (11, 12..) of adjacent shaped blocks (10) that are designed differently in terms of the number and relative position of the spacer studs (15, 16..) do not overlap one another when these side surfaces (11, 12..) face one another, so that the spacer studs (15, 16..) lie directly against a side surface (11, 12..) of an adjacent shaped block (10), - the spacer studs (15, 16..) are further dimensioned and arranged in such a way that at least a partial overlap of the spacer studs (15, 16..) of the shaped blocks (10) is provided when the side surfaces (11, 12..) of two adjacent shaped blocks (10) that are designed to match in terms of the number and relative position of the spacer studs (15, 16..) lie opposite one another, so that the spacer studs (15, 16..) of the adjacent shaped blocks (10) rest on one another, - furthermore, the spacer studs (15, 16..) are arranged in such a way that within a soil cover either only matchingly designed side surfaces (11, 12..) face each other to form wide joints (21) or only differently designed side surfaces (11, 12..) face each other to form narrow joints (53) and - the width (b) of the spacer studs (15, 16..) on the one hand and the clear distances (a) between two spacer studs (15, 16..) arranged on the same side surface (11, 12..) on the other hand are dimensioned such that when the shaped blocks (10) are laid in the (narrow) joints (53), free sections are created between spacer studs (15, 16..) adjacent within the joint (53), if the number and relative position of the spacer studs (15, 16..) &iacgr;&ogr; differently formed side surfaces (11, 12..) of adjacent shaped blocks (10) face each other. 2. Kit according to claim 1, characterized in that two first side surfaces (11, 12..) which are designed to match in terms of the number and relative position of the spacer studs (15, 16..) each have two spacer studs (15, 16..) arranged at a distance from one another. 3. Kit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that two side surfaces (11, 12 on the one hand; 13, 14 on the other hand) which adjoin one another "cornerwise" are designed to match in terms of the number and relative position of the spacer studs (15, 16..) and two first side surfaces (11, 12) which adjoin one another "cornerwise" each have two spacer studs (15, 16..) arranged at a distance from one another. 4. Kit according to claim 3, characterized in that the two other adjacent side surfaces (13, 14) each have a spacer stud (19, 20; 34, 35). 5. Kit according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the two other adjoining side surfaces (13, 14) each have a spacer stud (19, 20) arranged in the middle of the side surface (13, 14). &igr;·· &igr; 6. Kit according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that all side surfaces (11, 12..) have the same number of spacer studs (15, 16..). 7. Kit according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that individual spacer studs (34, 35; 38, 39; 46..49) are arranged asymmetrically to the center lines (31, 32) of the side surfaces (11, 12..). 8. Kit according to claim 7, characterized in that the individual spacer studs (38, 39; 46..49) are arranged laterally offset next to the center lines (31, 32) of the corresponding side surface (11, 12..). 9. Kit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, in the case of spacer studs (38, 39; 46..49) arranged individually asymmetrically to the center lines (31, 32) on opposite side surfaces (11, 12..), these are located on the same side of the center line (31, 32) from which they are arranged offset from the center. 10. Kit according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that pairs of spacer studs (15, 16..) assigned to each side surface (11, 12..) are arranged close to (at a distance from) the respective corners (24). 11. Kit according to claim 10, characterized in that two spacer studs (15, 16..) of each side surface (11, 12..) are arranged symmetrically to their center line (31, 32). 12. Kit according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that all spacer studs (15, 16..) have the same dimensions. - 19 - &igr; 13. Kit according to claim 7, characterized in that the individual spacer studs (34, 35) are located off-center on the center lines (31, 32) of the respective side surface (13, 14), in particular with a center offset of less than half the width of the respective spacer studs (34, 35). 14. Kit according to claim 13, characterized in that the width of the individual spacer studs (34, 35) is larger than the width (b) of the remaining spacer studs (15, 16..) arranged on the other side surfaces (11, 12), preferably twice as wide (2b).