Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3945—Organic per-compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/50—Perfumes
  • C11D3/502—Protected perfumes
  • C11D3/505—Protected perfumes encapsulated or adsorbed on a carrier, e.g. zeolite or clay

Definitions

• the invention pertains to granular laundry detergent or bleaching compositions comprising a peroxyacid bleach and perfumed silica particles.
• the particles protect the perfume from oxidation by the bleach during storage and use of the composition.
• the invention thereby provides improved product odor, odor during the laundry process, and delivery of perfume to fabrics.
• the perfume particles are preferably admixed with detergent or bleach granules to provide finished granular detergent or bleach compositions containing peroxyacid bleaches.
• Perfumes are a desirable part of the laundry process. They are used to cover up the chemical odors of the cleaning ingre­dients and provide an aesthetic benefit to the wash process and, preferably, the cleaned fabrics. Perfumes are often added directly to laundry compositions, such as by spraying the perfume onto finished compositions. However, perfumes are, in general, volatile and many perfume ingredients can be destroyed or damaged by contact with cleaning ingredients, especially alkali and bleaches. To minimize direct contact between perfume and bleach components in laundry compositions, bleaches are sometimes admixed after perfume spray-on. Even this does not avoid oxidation of perfumes by bleaches, particularly when reactive bleaches such as peroxyacids are present.
• silica particles can be used to protect perfumes from peroxyacid bleaches present in laundry compositions.
• the present invention is directed to granular laundry detergent or bleaching compositions containing a peroxyacid bleach and perfume particles in which the perfume is adsorbed onto certain silica particles.
• the silica particles are preferably incorporated into finished laundry detergent or bleaching compositions containing peroxyacid bleach, although the perfume particles and bleach can be used as is, such as in a laundry booster product.
• the silica particles have a diameter of from about 0.001 micron to about 15 microns and are present at a level to provide from about 0.001% to about 5% perfume by weight in the laundry detergent or bleaching compositions.
• the silica particles deposit on fabrics and enhance delivery of the perfume to the fabrics.
• the use of the dry flowable perfume particles herein in laundry compositions containing peroxyacid bleach can thus be a cost effective and efficient way to deliver perfume during the laundry process and to fabric.
• it provides greater flexibility to formulate compositions that release prefume at desired stages of the laundry process. For example, different perfumes may be released during storage of the composition, during its use, and during wearing of fabrics, all by selecting silica particles providing different degrees of perfume protection in the presence of peroxyacid bleach.
• the present invention relates to granular laundry detergent or bleaching compositions containing peroxyacid bleaches and perfumed silica particles.
• Silica particles are used as carriers for perfumes to make dry flowable perfume compositions.
• the perfume oil adsorption is affected by particle size (microns) and surface area (m2/g).
• the amount of perfume that can be adsorbed per unit weight of silica is greater for small particle sizes.
• Perfume to silica particle weight ratios can range from about 0.001:1 to about 6:1, depending upon the silica particle, with the preferred ratios being from about 0.1:1 to about 3:1, more preferably from about 0.2:1 to about 2.5:1.
• the perfume can be sprayed or otherwise loaded onto the silica in various ways well known in the trade.
• the perfume compositions of this invention are conventional compositions known in the art which are not also considered to be flavors. Selection of any perfume or amount of perfume is based solely on aesthetic considerations. Suitable perfume compositions can be found in the art including U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,145,184, Brain and Cummins, issued Aug. 26, 1980; 4,209,417, Whyte, issued Jan. 24, 1980; 4,515,705, Moeddel, issued May 7, 1985; and 4,152,272, Young, issued May 1, 1978; all of said patents being incorporated herein by reference. Desirably, the perfume compositions are relatively substantive to maximize the effect on fabrics, although nonsubstantive perfumes can also be used.
• the perfumes are adsorbed onto silica particles, preferably fumed silica particles.
• the silica particles have a particle size of from about 0.001 micron to about 15 microns, preferably from about 0.007 micron to about 5 microns, most preferably from about 0.007 to about 2.5 microns, and even more preferably from about 0.007 micron to about 0.25 micron.
• the surface area is from about 100 to about 800 m2/g, preferably from about 200 to about 400 m2/g. It is desirable to use a larger amount of silica particles than the minimum amount necessary to adsorb the perfume composition. Use of lower ratios of perfume to silica provides improved protection of the perfume.
• the silica particles are used at a level of from about 0.001% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.001% to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 1%, to provide a level of perfume of from about 0.001% to about 1.5%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 0.5%, all by weight.
• These very small particle size silicas should be added in a way to min­imize dusting, e.g., with an agglomerating aid and/or dust sup­pressor.
• the dust suppressor should not be water since that will release the perfume prematurely.
• Silica gel particles include Syloid® Silicas such as Numbers: 72; 74; 221; 234; 235; 244; etc. Syloid® silicas are available from W. R. Grace & Co., Davison Chemical Division, P.O. Box 2117, Baltimore, Maryland 21203. Such particles have surface areas of from about 250 to about 340 m2/g; pore volumes of from about 1.1 to about 1.7 cc/g; and average particle sizes of from about 1 to about 8 microns, preferably from about 2.5 to about 6 microns.
• Fumed silica particles have primary particle diameters of from about 0.007 to about 0.025 micron and include Cab-O-Sil® Numbers L-90; LM-130; LM-5; M-5; PTG; MS-55; HS-5; and EH-5.
• Cab-O-Sil® silicas are available from Cabot Corp, P.O. Box 188, Tuscala, Illinois 61953.
• the perfume silica particles can be used to release perfume when they are wetted, e.g., with an aqueous fluid.
• the particles contact sub­strates such as fabrics, skin, absorbent materials, etc., they can be activated upon wetting.
• the aqueous material is undesir­able such as sweat, urine, menses, etc.
• the perfume can be either a masking aid or an aesthetically pleasing "signal" that other action is required.
• the peroxyacid can be a preformed peroxyacid, an inorganic persalt (e.g., sodium perborate), or a combination of an inorganic persalt and an organic peroxyacid precursor which is converted to a peroxyacid when the combination of persalt and precursor is dissolved in water.
• the organic peroxyacid precursors are often referred to in the art as bleach activators.
• the peroxyacid is a preformed peroxyacid.
• These bleaches are much more reactive with and destructive of perfume ingredients, particularly when in intimate mixture or contact, so that the perfume stability and delivery benefits provided by the present invention are greater than in the case where the bleach is an inorganic persalt or a persalt plus activator.
• the preferred organic peroxyacid is selected from the follow­ing: wherein R1 and R2 are alkylene groups containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or phenylene groups, R3 is hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl group containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and X and Y are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl (e.g., methyl, isopropyl), aryl, or any group which provides an anionic moiety in aqueous solution.
• X and Y groups can include, for example, where M is hydrogen or a water-soluble salt-forming cation. Mixtures of such peroxyacids can also be used herein.
• peroxyacids for this invention include diperoxydodecanedioic acid (DPDA), nonylamide of peroxysuccinic acid (NAPSA), and decyldiperoxysuccinic acid (DDPSA).
• DPDA diperoxydodecanedioic acid
• NAPSA nonylamide of peroxysuccinic acid
• DDPSA decyldiperoxysuccinic acid
• the peroxyacid is preferably incorporated into a soluble granule according to the method described in the above cited U.S. Pat. No. 4,374,035.
• a preferred bleach granule comprises, by weight, 1% to 50% of an exotherm control agent (e.g., boric acid); 1% to 25% of a peroxyacid compatible surfactant (e.g., C13LAS); 0.1% to 10% of one or more chelant stabilizers (e.g., sodium pyrophosphates); and 10% to 70% of a water-soluble processing salt (e.g., Na2SO4).
• an exotherm control agent e.g., boric acid
• a peroxyacid compatible surfactant e.g., C13LAS
• chelant stabilizers e.g., sodium pyrophosphates
• a water-soluble processing salt e.g., Na2SO4
• the peroxyacid bleach is used at a level which provides an amount of available oxygen (AvO) from about 0. 1% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, and most preferably from about 1% to about 4%, all by weight of the composition.
• AvO available oxygen
• Effective amounts of peroxyacid bleach per unit dose of the composition of this invention used in typical laundry liquor provide from about 1 ppm to about 150 ppm of available oxygen (AvO), more preferably from about 5 ppm to about 50 ppm.
• the laundry liquor should also have a pH of from 7 to 10, preferably 7.5 to 9, for effective peroxyacid bleaching. See Col. 6, lines 1-10, of U.S. Pat. No. 4,374,035.
• the composition may contain a suitable organic precursor which generates one of the above peroxyacids when reacted with alkaline hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution.
• the source of hydrogen peroxide can be any inorganic peroxygen compound which dissolves in aqueous solution to generate hydrogen peroxide, e.g., sodium perborate (monohydrate and tetrahydrate) and sodium percarbonate.
• compositions comprise:
• the perfume particles of the present invention are pref­erably formulated into laundry detergent or bleaching compositions.
• the bleaching compositions of the invention are also detergent compositions.
• Such compositions typically comprise detersive surfactants and/or detergency builders and, optionally, additional ingredients such as enzymes, fabric brighteners and the like.
• the perfume particles are present in the detergent composition at a level of from about 0.001% to about 2%, and preferably from about 0.1% to about 1%, by weight of the detergent composition.
• the remainder of the detergent composition will comprise from about 1% to about 50%, preferably from about 10% to about 25%, detersive surfactant, and from about 10% to about 80%, preferably from about 20% to about 50%, of a detergency builder, and, if desired, other optional laundry detergent components.
• Surfactants useful in the detergent compositions herein include well-known synthetic anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants. Typical of these are the alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl- and alkylether sulfates, paraffin sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, alkoxylated (especially ethoxylated) alcohols and alkyl phenols, amine oxides, alpha-sulfonates of fatty acids and of fatty acid esters, alkyl betaines, and the like, which are well known from the detergency art. In general, such detersive surfactants contain an alkyl group in the C9-C18 range.
• the anionic detersive surfactants can be used in the form of their sodium, potassium or triethanolammonium salts; the nonionics generally contain from about 5 to about 17 ethylene oxide groups. C11-C16 alkyl benzene sulfonates, C12-C18 paraffin-sulfonates and alkyl sulfates are especially preferred in the compositions of the present type.
• Useful detergency builders for the detergent compositions herein include any of the conventional inorganic and organic water-soluble builder salts, as well as various water-insoluble and so-called “seeded” builders.
• Nonlimiting examples of suitable water-soluble, inorganic alkaline detergent builder salts include the alkali metal carbo­nates, borates, phosphates, polyphosphates, tripolyphosphates, bicarbonates, silicates, and sulfates.
• Specific examples of such salts include the sodium and potassium tetraborates, bicarbonates, carbonates, tripolyphosphates, pyrophosphates, and hexameta­phosphates.
• suitable organic alkaline detergency builder salts are: (1) water-soluble amino polyacetates, e.g., sodium and potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetates, nitrilotriacetates, and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilodiacetates; (2) water-soluble salts of phytic acid, e.g., sodium and potassium phytates; (3) water-­soluble polyphosphonates, including sodium, potassium and lithium salts of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid, sodium, potas­sium, and lithium salts of methylenediphosphonic acid and the like.
• water-soluble amino polyacetates e.g., sodium and potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetates, nitrilotriacetates, and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilodiacetates
• water-soluble salts of phytic acid e.g., sodium and potassium phytates
• Seeded builders include such materials as sodium carbonate or sodium silicate, seeded with calcium carbonate or barium sul­fate. Hydrated sodium Zeolite A having a particle size of less than about 5 microns is particularly desirable.
• Optional detergent composition components include enzymes (e.g., proteases and amylases), halogen bleaches (e.g., sodium and potassium dichloroisocyanurates), soil release agents (e.g., methylcellulose), soil suspending agents (e.g., sodium carboxymethylcellulose), fabric brighteners, enzyme stabilizing agents, color speckles, suds boosters or suds suppressors, anticorrosion agents, dyes, fillers, germicides, pH adjusting agents, nonbuilder alkalinity sources, and the like.
• enzymes e.g., proteases and amylases
• halogen bleaches e.g., sodium and potassium dichloroisocyanurates
• soil release agents e.g., methylcellulose
• soil suspending agents e.g., sodium carboxymethylcellulose
• fabric brighteners e.g., enzyme stabilizing agents, color speckles, suds boosters or suds suppressors, anticorrosion agents, dyes, fillers, germ
• the formulation hereinafter described is a perfumed silica gel made on a lab scale according to the following method.
• a predetermined amount of silica gel is placed into a Cuisinart® food processor and a fluid bed state is achieved by the action of the processor's blades. Knowing the desired amount of perfume impact on dry fabric and, hence, the desired perfume to silica gel ratio, the premeasured perfume is added through a small orifice into the fluid bed of silica gel until all the perfume has been applied. Mixing is continued until the perfume and silica gel have reached a homogenous dry flowable state.
• Perfume/silica gel composition is prepared as follows: Ingredient % by Weight Syloid® 234* 51.61 Perfume 48.39 Total 100.00 *Available from W. R. Grace & Co., Davison Chemical Division, P.O. Box 2117, Baltimore, Maryland 21203. Average particle size 2.5 microns on a weight basis and surface area of 250 m2/g.
• perfumed silica particles of the present invention are obtained when the above perfumes are added with an eye dropper to beakers containing Cab-O-Sil® EH-5 particles (average particle size of 0.007 microns and surface area of about 380 m2/g, available from Cabot Corporation, Cab-O-Sil Division, P. O. Box 188, Tuscola, Illinois 61953) in a weight ratio of perfume to silica particle of about 2:1, 2.5:1 and 3:1. After shaking the particles for about 1 minute, they become free flowing.
• Cab-O-Sil® EH-5 particles average particle size of 0.007 microns and surface area of about 380 m2/g, available from Cabot Corporation, Cab-O-Sil Division, P. O. Box 188, Tuscola, Illinois 61953
• Perfumed granular detergent and bleaching compositions are prepared by mixing the following ingredients.
• the silica particles protect the perfume from the peroxyacid bleach so that the perfume can be carried through the laundry washing and drying stages and delivered to the fabric.
• Perfumed particles are prepared by first mixing Syloid® 234 with the perfumes of Example I to form the following perfume particle compositions according to a process similar to that of Example I: Perfumed Syloid® Ingredient % by Weight Syloid® 234 70.6 Perfume 29.4 Total 100.00
• the Syloid and the perfume are blended by first adding 30 lbs. of the Syloid® 234 to a Littleford Model FM 130 D Mixer (Littleford Bros., Inc., 15 Empire Drive, Florence, Kentucky 41042). With the plow turned on, the perfume is slowly intro­duced dropwise through a 3/8" pipe at a rate of approximately 2-2.5 lbs/min. After 12.5 lbs. of perfume are added, the chopper is turned on for 15 seconds to evenly disperse the perfume before emptying the mixer.
• a Littleford Model FM 130 D Mixer Littleford Bros., Inc., 15 Empire Drive, Florence, Kentucky 41042
• the perfume is slowly intro­duced dropwise through a 3/8" pipe at a rate of approximately 2-2.5 lbs/min.
• the chopper is turned on for 15 seconds to evenly disperse the perfume before emptying the mixer.
• granular detergent and bleaching composition herein are prepared by mixing the following ingredients with the perfumed particles of Examples I and III.
• Ingredient Parts 1. Spray-dried base granules Sodium C13 linear alkyl benzene sulfonate 9.76 Sodium C14-C15 fatty alcohol sulfate 4.18 Ethoxylate (6 avg.) C12-C13 fatty alchol 1.33 Sodium sulfate 13.15 Sodium silicate (1.6r) 4.21 Sodium polyacrylate (M.W. 4,000) 0.65 Sodium tripolyphosphate 21.49 Sodium pyrophosphate 5.22 Sodium diethylenetriamine pentaacetate 0.38 Sodium carbonate 22.03 Polyethylene glycol (M.W.
• compositions of the present invention are obtained when the phosphate builders in the compositions of Examples II and IV are replaced with hydrated Zeolite A (avg. diameter of 2 microns) or with an 80:20 by weight mixture of the tartrate monosuccinate:tartrate disuccinate builders described in U.S. Patent 4,663,071, Bush et al, issued May 5, 1987.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (18)

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• 1989
  • 1989-03-03 DE DE1989628037 patent/DE68928037T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1989-03-03 EP EP89200523A patent/EP0332259B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1989-03-07 IE IE74289A patent/IE890742L/xx unknown

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