EP0330973B1 - Plate glass door with a fixed pivot axis - Google Patents

Plate glass door with a fixed pivot axis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0330973B1
EP0330973B1 EP89103010A EP89103010A EP0330973B1 EP 0330973 B1 EP0330973 B1 EP 0330973B1 EP 89103010 A EP89103010 A EP 89103010A EP 89103010 A EP89103010 A EP 89103010A EP 0330973 B1 EP0330973 B1 EP 0330973B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
swivel pin
bearing recess
bearing
door according
door
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89103010A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0330973A2 (en
EP0330973A3 (en
Inventor
Mario Marinoni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Casma SpA
Original Assignee
Casma SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Casma SpA filed Critical Casma SpA
Publication of EP0330973A2 publication Critical patent/EP0330973A2/en
Publication of EP0330973A3 publication Critical patent/EP0330973A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0330973B1 publication Critical patent/EP0330973B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
    • E05D7/08—Hinges or pivots of special construction for use in suspensions comprising two spigots placed at opposite edges of the wing, especially at the top and the bottom, e.g. trunnions
    • E05D7/081—Hinges or pivots of special construction for use in suspensions comprising two spigots placed at opposite edges of the wing, especially at the top and the bottom, e.g. trunnions the pivot axis of the wing being situated near one edge of the wing, especially at the top and bottom, e.g. trunnions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D5/00—Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
    • E05D5/02—Parts for attachment, e.g. flaps
    • E05D5/0246—Parts for attachment, e.g. flaps for attachment to glass panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
    • E05D7/0009—Adjustable hinges
    • E05D7/0018—Adjustable hinges at the hinge axis
    • E05D7/0027—Adjustable hinges at the hinge axis in an axial direction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/04—Additional features or accessories of hinges relating to the use of free balls as bearing-surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/67—Materials; Strength alteration thereof
    • E05Y2800/672—Glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof characterised by the type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a door according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a door according to the preamble of claim 1, which only requires a normal 10 mm height play when placed on the pivot pin and does not require a tilting movement for assembly without a two-part insert in the fitting having to be used.
  • the door can be pushed at right angles to its plane over the pivot pin and then displaced in the direction of its vertical edge as claimed in claim 1, whereby the pivot pin arrives at its bearing point.
  • the invention is particularly advantageously applicable to all-glass doors which are provided with a tubular frame door closer installed in the upper fighter (see, for example, frame system PT with DORMA-RTS).
  • an embodiment according to claim 2 is preferably provided. This design causes that when the pivot pin is inserted through the opening in the bearing recess, it can not be easily removed again.
  • a training according to claim 3 is preferably provided to prevent burglary.
  • an embodiment according to claim 4 is preferably provided.
  • a height adjustment is obtained in a particularly simple manner with the design according to claim 5.
  • an embodiment according to claim 6 is preferably provided.
  • an embodiment according to claim 7 is preferably provided.
  • Fig. 1 shows an all-glass door 2 with an inventive trained lower pivot fitting 4 and a conventional upper pivot fitting 6.
  • This all-glass door 2 is provided with a tubular frame door closer 7 installed in an upper fighter 5.
  • Fig. 2 shows that the lower pivot fitting 4 is formed by a band body 9 with two plates 8 and 10, which are arranged on both sides of the all-glass door 2 and are connected to one another by screws 12 and 14.
  • the plates 8, 10 have a recess 16 below for receiving a one-piece insert 18 which is to be fastened in the recess 16 by screws 20, 22.
  • the screws 20, 22 pass through holes 24, 26 in the insert piece 18 and engage in internal threads in projections 28, 30 of one of the plates 8, 10.
  • the insert piece 18 has a bearing recess 32 for receiving a fixed pivot pin 34.
  • the bearing recess 32 is elongated at right angles to the vertical edge 36 of the all-glass door 2 and is provided at its end remote from the vertical edge 36 with an opening 38 for the introduction of the pivot pin 34.
  • the insert 18 is surrounded on the upper side by a metal sheet 40 which projects obliquely downward into the opening 38 with a resilient tab 42.
  • a metal sheet 40 which projects obliquely downward into the opening 38 with a resilient tab 42.
  • a grub screw 44 is screwed into the bearing piece 18, which presses on the top of the tab 42 and prevents the tab 42 from tipping up.
  • the pivot pin 34 is seated on a plate 48 of a floor support 35 to be screwed onto a horizontal stick frame leg 46, optionally also on the floor, which does not require a recess in the floor.
  • a fastening screw 50 passes through a bore 51 in the plate 48 directly
  • a second fastening screw 52 passes through a bore 53 in a fixed shaft 54 fastened in the plate 48, which has an external thread 56.
  • An internal thread 58 is screwed onto the external thread 56 in a cap 60 to be inserted into the bearing recess 32.
  • an O-ring 62 is provided between the internal thread 58 and the external thread 56 as an anti-rotation member, which sits in a circumferential ring groove 64 of the shaft 54.
  • An annular bearing body 68 is supported on the cap 60 by a ball bearing 66 and is rotatable about the axis of the pivot pin 34. This bearing body supports the bottom 70 of the bearing recess 32.
  • An expansion rivet 72 is formed on the upper side of the cap 60 for fastening the bearing body 68.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Tür nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a door according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei bekannten Türen dieser Art wie z.B in der EP-A- 0 220 363 zu sehen ist ist die Lagerausnehmung zur Aufnahme des Schwenkzapfens rundum geschlossen, so daß man die Tür auf den Schwenkzapfen stecken muß. Dies erfordert eine Kippbewegung der Tür, und eine solche Kippbewegung erfordert ein nicht unerhebliches Höhenspiel. Bei Leibungen bzw. Kämpfern, die breiter als 60 mm sind, muß das Höhenspiel größer als das normale 10 mm-Höhenspiel sein. Da ein größeres Höhenspiel als 10 mm meist nicht gewünscht wird, muß ein besonderes unteres Türband verwendet werden, das keine Kippbewegung notwendig macht.In known doors of this type, as can be seen, for example, in EP-A-0 220 363, the bearing recess for receiving the pivot pin is completely closed, so that the door must be plugged onto the pivot pin. This requires a tilting movement of the door, and such a tilting movement requires a not inconsiderable height play. For soffits or fighters that are wider than 60 mm, the height play must be greater than the normal 10 mm height play. Since a greater clearance than 10 mm is usually not desired, a special lower hinge must be used that does not require a tilting movement.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Tür nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 anzugeben, die beim Aufsetzen auf den Schwenkzapfen nur ein normales 10 mm-Höhenspiel benötigt und zur Montage keine Kippbewegung erfordert, ohne daß ein zweiteiliges Einsatzstück im Beschlag verwendet werden muß.The object of the invention is to provide a door according to the preamble of claim 1, which only requires a normal 10 mm height play when placed on the pivot pin and does not require a tilting movement for assembly without a two-part insert in the fitting having to be used.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist in Anspruch 1 angegeben.The solution to this problem is specified in claim 1.

Bei Ausführung der Erfindung kann die Tür rechtwinklig zu ihrer Ebene über den Schwenkzapfen geschoben und dann in Richtung ihrer in Anspruch 1 angegebenen vertikalen Kante verschoben werden, wodurch der Schwenkzapfen an seine Lagerstelle gelangt. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Erfindung bei Ganzglastüren anwendbar, die mit einem im oberen Kämpfer eingebauten Rohrrahmentürschließer (siehe z. B. Rahmensystem PT mit DORMA-RTS) versehen sind.In carrying out the invention, the door can be pushed at right angles to its plane over the pivot pin and then displaced in the direction of its vertical edge as claimed in claim 1, whereby the pivot pin arrives at its bearing point. The invention is particularly advantageously applicable to all-glass doors which are provided with a tubular frame door closer installed in the upper fighter (see, for example, frame system PT with DORMA-RTS).

Um die Montage zu erleichtern, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 2 vorgesehen. Diese Ausbildung bewirkt, daß, wenn der Schwenkzapfen durch den Durchbruch in die Lagerausnehmung eingeführt ist, er nicht ohne weiteres wieder heraus kann.To facilitate assembly, an embodiment according to claim 2 is preferably provided. This design causes that when the pivot pin is inserted through the opening in the bearing recess, it can not be easily removed again.

Zur Einbruchsicherung ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 3 vorgesehen.A training according to claim 3 is preferably provided to prevent burglary.

Um eine Versenkung im Befestigungsbereich des Schwenkzapfens überflüssig zu machen, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 4 vorgesehen.In order to make countersinking in the fastening region of the pivot pin superfluous, an embodiment according to claim 4 is preferably provided.

Eine Höhenjustierung ergibt sich in besonders einfacher Weise mit der Ausbildung nach Anspruch 5.A height adjustment is obtained in a particularly simple manner with the design according to claim 5.

Um zu erreichen, daß eine einmal justierte Höhe bestehen bleibt, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 6 vorgesehen.In order to ensure that an adjusted height remains, an embodiment according to claim 6 is preferably provided.

Um das Öffnen und Schließen der Tür besonders leichtgängig zu machen, ist bevorzugt eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 7 vorgesehen.In order to make the opening and closing of the door particularly smooth, an embodiment according to claim 7 is preferably provided.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an einem Ausführungsbeispiel unter Hinweis auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt eine Ganzglastür mit einem erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten unteren und einem üblichen oberen Schwenkbeschlag.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt in einer Explosionsdarstellung den unteren Schwenkbeschlag in seinem Zusammenwirken mit dem Schwenkzapfen.
  • Fig. 3 zeigt einen Schnitt längs der Linie III-III bei zusammengesetztem, auf den Schwenkzapfen gestecktem Schwenkbeschlag.
  • Fig. 4 zeigt einen Schnitt längs der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 1.
The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Fig. 1 shows an all-glass door with a lower and a conventional upper pivot fitting designed according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of the lower pivot fitting in its interaction with the pivot pin.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section along the line III-III with the swivel fitting put together on the swivel pin.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Ganzglastür 2 mit einem erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten unteren Schwenkbeschlag 4 und einem üblichen oberen Schwenkbeschlag 6. Diese Ganzglastür 2 ist mit einem in einem oberen Kämpfer 5 eingebauten Rohrrahmentürschließer 7 versehen.Fig. 1 shows an all-glass door 2 with an inventive trained lower pivot fitting 4 and a conventional upper pivot fitting 6. This all-glass door 2 is provided with a tubular frame door closer 7 installed in an upper fighter 5.

Fig. 2 zeigt, daß der untere Schwenkbeschlag 4 durch einen Bandkörper 9 mit zwei Platten 8 und 10 gebildet ist, die auf beiden Seiten der Ganzglastür 2 angeordnet und durch Schrauben 12 und 14 miteinander verbunden sind. Die Platten 8, 10 weisen unten eine Ausnehmung 16 zur Aufnahme eines einteiligen Einsatzstücks 18 auf, das in der Ausnehmung 16 durch Schrauben 20, 22 zu befestigen ist. Die Schrauben 20, 22 durchsetzen hierzu Löcher 24, 26 in dem Einsatzstück 18 und greifen an Innengewinde in Vorsprüngen 28,30 einer der Platten 8,10 ein. Das Einsatzstück 18 weist eine Lagerausnehmung 32 zur Aufnahme eines ortsfesten Schwenkzapfens 34 auf. Die Lagerausnehmung 32 verläuft rechtwinklig zur vertikalen Kante 36 der Ganzglastür 2 langgestreckt und ist an ihrem von der vertikalen Kante 36 entfernt liegenden Ende mit einem Durchbruch 38 zur Einführung des Schwenkzapfens 34 versehen.Fig. 2 shows that the lower pivot fitting 4 is formed by a band body 9 with two plates 8 and 10, which are arranged on both sides of the all-glass door 2 and are connected to one another by screws 12 and 14. The plates 8, 10 have a recess 16 below for receiving a one-piece insert 18 which is to be fastened in the recess 16 by screws 20, 22. For this purpose, the screws 20, 22 pass through holes 24, 26 in the insert piece 18 and engage in internal threads in projections 28, 30 of one of the plates 8, 10. The insert piece 18 has a bearing recess 32 for receiving a fixed pivot pin 34. The bearing recess 32 is elongated at right angles to the vertical edge 36 of the all-glass door 2 and is provided at its end remote from the vertical edge 36 with an opening 38 for the introduction of the pivot pin 34.

Das Einsatzstück 18 ist oberseitig von einem Blech 40 umfaßt, das mit einem federnd nachgiebigen Lappen 42 schräg nach unten weisend in den Durchbruch 38 hineinragt. Beim Hineinschieben des Schwenkzapfens 34 in den Durchbruch 38 wird der Lappen 42 gegen Federkraft beiseite gedrängt. Wird dann anschließend der Schwenkzapfen 34 an die Lagerausnehmung 32 geschoben, so gelangt der Lappen 42 wieder in die in Fig. 4 dargestellte Lage und verhindert ein unfreiwilliges Heraustreten des Schwenkzapfens 34 aus der Lagerausnehmung 32.The insert 18 is surrounded on the upper side by a metal sheet 40 which projects obliquely downward into the opening 38 with a resilient tab 42. When the pivot pin 34 is pushed into the opening 38, the tab 42 is pushed aside against spring force. If the pivot pin 34 is then pushed onto the bearing recess 32, the tab 42 returns to the position shown in FIG. 4 and prevents the pivot pin 34 from involuntarily coming out of the bearing recess 32.

Die in Fig. 4 linke Seite ist die Außenseite der Tür. Damit ein Einbrecher den Lappen 42 nicht hochdrücken und die Tür aus ihrem Schwenklager schieben kann, ist von der Innenseite der Tür her in das Lagerstück 18 eine Madenschraube 44 eingeschraubt, die auf die Oberseite des Lappens 42 drückt und ein Hochkippen des Lappens 42 verhindert.The left side in Fig. 4 is the outside of the door. So that a burglar cannot push the tab 42 up and push the door out of its pivot bearing is from On the inside of the door, a grub screw 44 is screwed into the bearing piece 18, which presses on the top of the tab 42 and prevents the tab 42 from tipping up.

Der Schwenkzapfen 34 sitzt auf einer an einem waagerechten Stockrahmenschenkel 46, gegebenenfalls auch auf dem Boden anzuschraubenden Platte 48 eines Bodenlagers 35, das keine Aussparung im Boden benötigt. Eine Befestigungsschraube 50 durchsetzt eine Bohrung 51 in der Platte 48 unmittelbar, eine zweite Befestigungsschraube 52 durchsetzt eine Bohrung 53 in einem in der Platte 48 befestigten ortsfesten Schaft 54, der ein Außengewinde 56 aufweist. Auf das Außengewinde 56 ist ein Innengewinde 58 in einer in die Lagerausnehmung 32 einzuführenden Kappe 60 geschraubt. Durch Verdrehen der Kappe 60 ist die Höhe des Schwenkzapfens 34 zu verstellen und damit die Höhe der Tür 2 zu justieren. Damit diese Justierung nicht verlorengeht, ist zwischen dem Innengewinde 58 und dem Außengewinde 56 als Verdrehungshemmglied ein O-Ring 62 vorgesehen, der in einer Umfangsringnut 64 des Schafts 54 sitzt.The pivot pin 34 is seated on a plate 48 of a floor support 35 to be screwed onto a horizontal stick frame leg 46, optionally also on the floor, which does not require a recess in the floor. A fastening screw 50 passes through a bore 51 in the plate 48 directly, a second fastening screw 52 passes through a bore 53 in a fixed shaft 54 fastened in the plate 48, which has an external thread 56. An internal thread 58 is screwed onto the external thread 56 in a cap 60 to be inserted into the bearing recess 32. By turning the cap 60, the height of the pivot pin 34 can be adjusted and thus the height of the door 2 can be adjusted. So that this adjustment is not lost, an O-ring 62 is provided between the internal thread 58 and the external thread 56 as an anti-rotation member, which sits in a circumferential ring groove 64 of the shaft 54.

Auf der Kappe 60 ist von einem Kugellager 66 abgestützt ein ringförmiger Lagerkörper 68 um die Achse des Schwenkzapfens 34 drehbar gelagert. Dieser Lagerkörper stützt den Boden 70 der Lagerausnehmung 32 ab. Zur Befestigung des Lagerkörpers 68 ist an der Oberseite der Kappe 60 ein Spreizniet 72 ausgebildet.An annular bearing body 68 is supported on the cap 60 by a ball bearing 66 and is rotatable about the axis of the pivot pin 34. This bearing body supports the bottom 70 of the bearing recess 32. An expansion rivet 72 is formed on the upper side of the cap 60 for fastening the bearing body 68.

Claims (7)

1. A door, particularly an all glass door (2), having a bearing recess (32), located adjacent to a vertical edge (36), for receiving a swivel pin (34), which is fixed in or near the floor, in a fitting (4), the bearing recess (32) extending in an elongate manner at right angles to the vertical edge (36),
characterised in that
the bearing recess (32) has, at its end closer to the vertical edge (36), a lateral opening (38) through which the swivel pin (34) can be inserted into the bearing recess (32), in that the end of the bearing recess (32) remote from the vertical edge (36) is constructed so as to receive the swivel pin (34) and in that in the bearing recess (32) behind the opening (38) there is an abutment member (42) for preventing the swivel pin (34) from sliding out of that end of the bearing recess which is remote from the edge (36).
2. A door according to claim 1, characterised in that there extends into the opening (38) an abutment member (42) for the swivel pin (34) which is forced aside against the force of a spring when the swivel pin (34) is inserted and in its released state said abutment member (42) prevents the swivel pin (34) from sliding out of the bearing recess (32).
3. A door according to claim 2, characterised in that a manually adjustable locking member (44) is provided which holds the abutment member (42) in its released position.
4. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the swivel pin (34) rests on a plate (48) which is screwed on to a horizontal bar (46) of the frame or to the floor.
5. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the swivel pin (34) has a fixed shank (54) with an external thread (56) on to which is screwed an internal thread (58) provided inside a cap (60) which is to be inserted in the bearing recess (32).
6. A door according to claim 5, characterised in that a rotation preventing member (62) is provided between the internal thread (58) and the external thread (56).
7. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the swivel pin (34) has, at its end which is to be inserted in the bearing recess (32), a bearing member (68) which is rotatable about the axis of the swivel pin (34), is supported by a ball bearing (66) and acts on the bottom (70) of the bearing recess (32).
EP89103010A 1988-02-26 1989-02-21 Plate glass door with a fixed pivot axis Expired - Lifetime EP0330973B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3806199A DE3806199A1 (en) 1988-02-26 1988-02-26 FULL GLASS DOOR WITH FIXED PIVOT
DE3806199 1988-02-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0330973A2 EP0330973A2 (en) 1989-09-06
EP0330973A3 EP0330973A3 (en) 1990-02-14
EP0330973B1 true EP0330973B1 (en) 1992-06-03

Family

ID=6348300

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89103010A Expired - Lifetime EP0330973B1 (en) 1988-02-26 1989-02-21 Plate glass door with a fixed pivot axis

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4977642A (en)
EP (1) EP0330973B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3806199A1 (en)

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EP3029234B1 (en) * 2014-12-04 2022-09-14 DORMA-Glas GmbH Adjustable corner fitting
EP3029236B1 (en) * 2014-12-04 2019-02-20 dormakaba Deutschland GmbH Adjustable corner fitting with retaining element
EP3029240A1 (en) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-08 DORMA Deutschland GmbH Corner fitting with variably adjustable clamping range
EP3029238B1 (en) * 2014-12-04 2021-09-08 dormakaba Deutschland GmbH Corner fitting with adjustable clamping area
ITUA20163577A1 (en) * 2016-05-18 2017-11-18 In & Tec Srl SYSTEM FOR THE ROTATING COUPLING OF A CLOSING ELEMENT AND OF A STATIONARY SUPPORTING STRUCTURE
WO2018168267A1 (en) * 2017-03-16 2018-09-20 スガツネ工業株式会社 Hinge
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4977642A (en) 1990-12-18
DE3806199A1 (en) 1989-09-07
DE58901554D1 (en) 1992-07-09
DE3806199C2 (en) 1991-09-05
EP0330973A2 (en) 1989-09-06
EP0330973A3 (en) 1990-02-14

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