EP0330295B1 - Bottom unheading device and method for vertical vessels - Google Patents

Bottom unheading device and method for vertical vessels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0330295B1
EP0330295B1 EP89300068A EP89300068A EP0330295B1 EP 0330295 B1 EP0330295 B1 EP 0330295B1 EP 89300068 A EP89300068 A EP 89300068A EP 89300068 A EP89300068 A EP 89300068A EP 0330295 B1 EP0330295 B1 EP 0330295B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
cover unit
flange
bolts
lower flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89300068A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0330295A1 (en
Inventor
Frank A. Digiacomo
Allen S. Malsbury
Ronald T. Myszka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amec Foster Wheeler USA Corp
Original Assignee
Foster Wheeler USA Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foster Wheeler USA Corp filed Critical Foster Wheeler USA Corp
Publication of EP0330295A1 publication Critical patent/EP0330295A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0330295B1 publication Critical patent/EP0330295B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B25/00—Doors or closures for coke ovens
    • C10B25/02—Doors; Door frames
    • C10B25/08—Closing and opening the doors
    • C10B25/14—Devices for lifting doors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B25/00—Doors or closures for coke ovens
    • C10B25/02—Doors; Door frames
    • C10B25/08—Closing and opening the doors
    • C10B25/10—Closing and opening the doors for ovens with vertical chambers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a bottom unheading device for vertical vessels, such as coking drums which are adapted for remote operation. It particularly relates to such a bottom unheading device for removing and replacing a lower cover unit for coking drums and to a method for remote operation of the unheading device.
  • EP-A-265096 falling within the terms of Art. 54(3).
  • this device has been found to have some deficiencies, which have been overcome by this invention. Accordingly, the present invention is directed at an unheading device for coking drums which enables remote, safe and reliable removal and replacement of the coking drum lower cover unit, and more convenient and rapid removal of coke from the drum during decoking operations.
  • An unheading device is for the removal and replacement of a lower cover unit adapted for sealing attachment by bolts to the lower flange of a vertical vessel, and includes a supporting cradle. At least eight pivotable clamping devices each including detensioning means are equally spaced around the perimeter of the cover unit and adapted for detensioning and pivotably removing the bolts from the cover unit and lower flange of the vessel to unfasten the cover unit from the vessel.
  • a lifting frame is located below the cover unit and cradle and is suspended from the vessel by four equally-spaced vertically-oriented piston actuator mechanisms.
  • the cradle is at least partly supported by the lifting frame and adapted for lateral movement relative thereto by dual horizontal piston actuator mechanisms.
  • a method according to the invention for removing and replacing the lower cover unit of a vessel, and for the removal of material from the vessel through the opening thereto, comprises the following steps:
  • the multiple bolt fasteners of the unheading device are pivotally attached to the coking vessel lower flange, so they can be swung radially outward and upward by vertically-oriented piston actuators attached to the vessel, thus permitting lowering of the cover unit.
  • two adjacent pivotable bolts are attached to a single piston actuator.
  • the lifting frame is normally rectangular and the piston actuator mechanisms attached at their lower ends to the frame outer corners and at their upper ends to the coking vessel.
  • a chute may be attached to the frame for use in removing the deposited coke from the vessel.
  • the frame means can lower the cover unit by operation of the four vertically-oriented piston actuator mechanisms, after which the cover unit can be moved laterally from beneath the coker drum by the dual horizontal piston actuator mechanisms located along opposite sides of the cover unit.
  • the frame means four piston actuators then raise the coke chute into contact with the coking drum lower flange into the decoking position, so that the accumulated coke can be removed from the vessel through the chute.
  • the four piston actuators then lower the frame means and the attached coke chute, after which the cover unit is then moved laterally back to a position below the drum lower flange by action of the dual horizontal piston actuators.
  • the frame member then raises the cover unit into mating position for rebolting it to the coking drum lower flange.
  • the bolt detensioning and lift mechanisms for the cover unit and coke chute are advantageously operated by hydraulic pistons operated by remote control. This unheading device and chute arrangement can be advantageously applied to either new or existing delayed coking drums, for decoking the drums much more rapidly and with increased reliability and safety at intervals of 36-48 hours operation.
  • a remotely-operated unheading device which loosens the plurality of bolt fasteners and pivots the fasteners outwardly, then lowers the cover unit and moves it laterally aside.
  • Such unheading device and method permits more rapid and reliable removal of coke deposited in a coking drum, so as to increase the available operating time for the drum, and also improves personal safety by avoiding undesirable exposure of personnel to hot hydrocarbons, steam and water during such unheading operations.
  • Vertically oriented vessels on which this unheading device and method can be advantageously used include coking drums, reactors or any vessel of a similar configuration, where danger to personnel exits during an unheading operation.
  • a delayed coking drum or vessel 10 is vertically-oriented and supported by an adjacent support structure 11 and also by a lower platform stucture 12 provided below the drum 10.
  • Such a delayed coking drum 10 for use in petroleum refineries are usually 6,1-7,62m (20-25 ft). diameter and 23-30m (75-100 ft). tall, and have a conical lower portion 10a attached to a lower flange 13 which is usually 1,5-2,2m (5-7 ft). diameter.
  • a removable lower cover unit 14 is pressure-tightly attached to the lower flange 13 by a plurality of clamp fastener means 20.
  • the coke deposited progressively in coking drum vessel 10 is removed from the drum periodically as needed by removing the lower cover unit 14 and hydraulically cutting the coke from within the vessel, so that the coke falls through a chute 15 into a storage pit or a rail car (not shown) for further use.
  • cover unit 14 is fastened onto the lower flange 13 of vessel 10 by multiple pivotable clamp fastener means 20, as shown in greater detail by Figs. 2 and 3.
  • Cover unit 14 includes a cradle support structure 16 having dual horizontal skid members 18 extending along opposite sides of the cradle, and which are supported by a rectangular-shaped frame member 30. It will be noted that cover unit 14 also includes a lateral conduit 19 used for feeding hydrocarbon, steam and water materials into the coke drum 10 and to drain water from the drum.
  • 16-48 swing type fasteners 20 (depending on the flange diameter and pressure rating) are provided evenly spaced around the periphery of flange 13 for pressure-tightly clamping the cover unit 14 onto the lower flange 13 of vessel 10.
  • each clamp fastener device 20 is constructed and operated similarly, and includes a clamp arm 21 which is pivotably attached at its upper end 21a to flange 13 by a pivot pin 22 pivotably secured to the upper surface of flange 13 at near the outer perimeter of the flange.
  • the other or lower end 21b of clamp arm 21 is pivotally attached to a lower end of a piston actuator 24, and the upper end of actuator 24 is pivotably attached at 25 to the outer wall portion 10a of coker drum 10.
  • the lower end 21b of each clamp 21 is also rigidly connected via pivot pin 22 to the upper end of a fastener bolt 26, which is provided in a vertical slot 27 provided in both the lower flange 13 of vessel 10 and in the mating cover unit 14.
  • a remotely operated tensioning unit 28 is provided attached to each bolt 26 below the cover unit 14.
  • the bolt tensioning device 28 may be similar to that described in U.S. Patent 3,015,975 to Biach, which is incorporated herein by reference to the extent necessary to adequately disclose the present invention.
  • the tensioning units 28 are usually operated by a suitable hydraulic pressure source connected to each tensioning unit.
  • each two adjacent pivotable bolts 26 are attached to a single piston actuator 24 attached to an elongated pivot pin 23.
  • the bolt tensioning units 28 are first remotely actuated to detension the bolts 26 thereby lowering the cover unit 14 and cradle 16 by a distance of 0,64-2,54cms (0.25-1) inch by the lift frame support device 30. Then, the swing actuator pistons 24 are actuated, so as to swing the bolts 26 radially outwardly and upwardly to a disconnected or unfastened position as shown in Fig. 8.
  • the lift frame support device 30 For supporting and lowering the cover unit 14 from the coker vessel lower flange 13, the lift frame support device 30 is provided below and in supporting engagement with skid member 18, as is shown by Figs. 2, 3 and 8.
  • the frame device 30 is adapted for contacting the lower surface of cradle support carriage 16 and skid member 18 of the cover unit 14.
  • the frame device 30 includes four vertically-extending brackets 32 located at its four corners, and each pivotally attached to a vertically-oriented piston actuator 34 adapted for controllably lifting and lowering the frame unit 30.
  • the upper end of each piston actuator 34 is pivotably attached to the conical portion 10a of coking drum 10.
  • cover unit 14 After the cover unit 14 has been lowered by action of frame 30 vertical piston actuators 34 as shown by Fig. 8, the cover unit 14 is then moved side laterally by dual horizontal piston actuators 36, which extend substantially horizontally along each side of cover unit 14.
  • the actuators 36 are each connected at their forward end 36a to cover unit 14 by lug 35, and are each connected at their rearward end to anchor means 37.
  • the orientation and relative position of the parts of lifting frame device 30 is additionally shown in plane view of platform support device by Fig. 11.
  • FIG. 11 An enlarged partial view of the chute 15 being in contact with the lower flange 13 of the coker vessel 10 is shown by Fig. 11.
  • the coke is removed from within the coking drum 10 and falls through the chute 15 to a storage pit or rail car (not shown) for further processing or use.
  • cover unit 14 is returned to its original position and reconnected onto the drum flange 13, as was shown by Figs. 2 and 3.
  • This return movement for cover unit 14 is accomplished by first lowering frame 30 and coke chute 15 by the four actuator pistons 34, then retracting dual piston actuators 36 to move the cover unit 14 laterally to a position in vertical alignment below flange 13, then raising frame 30 so that cover unit 14 is again placed against and in alignment with lower flange 13.
  • the swing actuators 24 are extended so as to pivot the bolts 26 downwardly into the slots 27, as shown by Figs. 3 and 4.
  • the multiple tensioning units 28 are actuated so as to clamp the mating flange 13 and cover unit 14 tightly together again.
  • coking drum used for delayed coking of petroleum feed-stocks, after 36-48 hours of operation sufficient coke is deposited progressively on the inner wall of the drum that removal of the coke is required before continued operation.
  • the coking drum which is equipped with a lower flange cover unit constructed and operated in accordance with this invention, is shut down, depressurized and the lower head cover unit is removed.
  • Important characteristics of the coker drum lower cover unit and unheading device are as follows:

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
EP89300068A 1988-01-26 1989-01-05 Bottom unheading device and method for vertical vessels Expired - Lifetime EP0330295B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14858788A 1988-01-26 1988-01-26
US148587 1988-01-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0330295A1 EP0330295A1 (en) 1989-08-30
EP0330295B1 true EP0330295B1 (en) 1993-04-14

Family

ID=22526421

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89300068A Expired - Lifetime EP0330295B1 (en) 1988-01-26 1989-01-05 Bottom unheading device and method for vertical vessels

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0330295B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH01190787A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR960013602B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AR (1) AR241787A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1324973C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE68905944T2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2040991T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
MX (1) MX169844B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5228825A (en) * 1991-11-01 1993-07-20 The M. W. Kellogg Company Pressure vessel closure device
US5500094A (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-03-19 The M. W. Kellogg Company Coke drum deheading device
US5628603A (en) * 1994-11-30 1997-05-13 Fluor Corporation Automated chute system
WO1998033868A1 (en) * 1997-02-03 1998-08-06 Automated Connectors, Incorporated Remotely operable pressure vessel system
US6022454A (en) 1997-09-17 2000-02-08 Fetzer; Kelly Remotely operable pressure vessel system
US6367843B1 (en) 1997-02-03 2002-04-09 Automated Connectors Holdings, L.B. Remote operable fastener and method of use
US6039844A (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-03-21 Citgo Petroleum Corporation Containment system for coke drums
DE102004031911C8 (de) * 2004-07-01 2015-09-10 Hydrokomp Hydraulische Komponenten Gmbh Kupplungssystem und Ventilplattenanordnung zur Übertragung von flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Medien
US7534326B1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2009-05-19 Conocophillipcs Company Coke drum bottom unheading system
CN110055093B (zh) * 2019-05-08 2024-03-26 山东益大新材料股份有限公司 一种自动化密闭产焦系统

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2529046A (en) * 1946-06-18 1950-11-07 Padgett Grady Discharge means for coke ovens
US2595245A (en) * 1950-04-26 1952-05-06 Kellogg M W Co Apparatus for removing drum covers
US3379623A (en) * 1964-04-16 1968-04-23 James M. Forsyth Bottom quick-opening door for coking tower or chamber
US4726109A (en) * 1986-10-09 1988-02-23 Foster Wheeler Usa Corporation Unheading device and method for coking drums

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01190787A (ja) 1989-07-31
ES2040991T3 (es) 1993-11-01
DE68905944T2 (de) 1993-07-22
EP0330295A1 (en) 1989-08-30
CA1324973C (en) 1993-12-07
MX169844B (es) 1993-07-28
AR241787A1 (es) 1992-12-30
KR960013602B1 (ko) 1996-10-09
KR890011979A (ko) 1989-08-23
JPH0461036B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-09-29
DE68905944D1 (de) 1993-05-19

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