EP0329566A1 - Converter for the production of metal - Google Patents

Converter for the production of metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0329566A1
EP0329566A1 EP89400459A EP89400459A EP0329566A1 EP 0329566 A1 EP0329566 A1 EP 0329566A1 EP 89400459 A EP89400459 A EP 89400459A EP 89400459 A EP89400459 A EP 89400459A EP 0329566 A1 EP0329566 A1 EP 0329566A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rollers
support
tank
ferrule
tilting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89400459A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0329566B1 (en
Inventor
Robert Vatant
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Clecim SAS
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Clecim SAS
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Publication date
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Priority to AT89400459T priority Critical patent/ATE71983T1/en
Publication of EP0329566A1 publication Critical patent/EP0329566A1/en
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Publication of EP0329566B1 publication Critical patent/EP0329566B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/50—Tilting mechanisms for converters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4633—Supporting means

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a new embodiment of a metal processing converter.
  • the converters used in particular for the preparation and refining of steel by blowing air or oxygen into a cast iron bath, generally consist of a retort in the form of an elongated tank in which is charged a bath of liquid metal to be treated, for example cast iron.
  • the tank consists of a side wall, generally of revolution about an axis and limiting a treatment space closed at one end by a bottom and opening at its other end on a loading and pouring orifice, the side wall and the bottom being covered with a refractory lining.
  • the retort must be placed in an upright position for blowing air or oxygen and then inverted by rotation around a horizontal axis for the casting of the metal after treatment.
  • the tank is placed between two raised fixed supports on which it rests by means of two diametrically opposite rotary support members centered on the same horizontal axis around which the tank can tilt under the action of a control means.
  • the support members are subjected, on the one hand, to mechanical loads which depend on the self-weight of the tank and the refractories, on the load of cast iron and / or scrap and on the vibrations caused by the treatment. and, on the other hand, the thermal loads due to the temperature of the pig iron loaded in the tank, to the temperature given off by the blowing of air or oxygen during the preparation and to the radiation during the cleaning or emptying .
  • the treatment tank covered internally with a refractory coating so as to withstand the high temperatures due to the treatment and on the other hand its support means which generally comprise a circular belt delimiting an orifice in which the tank can be threaded, bearing on the two fixed supports, by means of pins.
  • the tilting movement is applied to the belt which rotates around its pins by driving the tank.
  • the tilting torque can advantageously be applied to a ring of fairly large diameter wedged on one of the pins and whose rotation is controlled by a reduction gear (FR-A-1,550,338).
  • a crown in the form of a cylindrical ferrule centered on the tilting axis, can also be rotatably mounted on rollers so as to serve as a support member for the belt (FR-A-1 257 664).
  • the processing function and the support and tilting function are thus ensured by separate members which can be provided accordingly.
  • the belt can be cooled by circulation of water, which is not possible in tank.
  • the tank is not generally supported by the belt only by isolated support points.
  • Such an embodiment is, however, very heavy and expensive since the belt must support not only the weight of the tank but also the moments due to tilting.
  • the self-weight of the belt can, moreover, be of the same order as that of the tank.
  • the subject of the invention is a new embodiment of the converter making it possible to satisfactorily resolve all of these difficulties thanks to a much simpler support mode.
  • the invention therefore applies, in general, to a converter of the type comprising an elongated tank placed between two raised fixed supports and constituted by a hollow side wall centered on an axis and limiting a closed treatment space to a end by a bottom, the assembly being covered internally with a refractory lining, rotary support means of the tank comprising two diametrically opposite rotary support members and constituted respectively by two cylindrical ferrules whose external faces respectively constitute two circular tracks centered on the same horizontal axis orthogonal to the axis of the tank and bearing, respectively, on each fixed support, by means of at least two rotary rollers spaced apart from one other and means for controlling the tilting of the tank around the horizontal axis.
  • the two support ferrules are an integral part of the tank and are fixed directly to the side wall thereof, each along an internal circular edge, the diameter of the two ferrules being determined so that the connection of each internal edge with the side wall is provided over a length sufficient to absorb the stresses resulting from the forces applied in service and from differential expansions.
  • each ferrule may be between a quarter and a half of the diameter of the retort.
  • each ferrule is provided, on the side of the side wall of the tank, with a series of notches regularly distributed around the axis and delimiting between them a series of flexible blades fixed on the wall lateral by their internal ends facing the tank.
  • each ferrule will preferably be mounted on a series of gussets placed inside the ferrule and directed radially along planes passing through the axis of the ferrule, each gusset comprising two perpendicular sides fixed respectively on the side wall of the tank and on the internal face of the shell.
  • each support is provided with at least two counter-rollers for holding the ferrule, bearing on the latter on the side opposite to the support rollers.
  • These counter-rollers can be carried by an annular frame surrounding the ferrule by bearing from the outside on the same circular track as the support rollers, at the upper part thereof.
  • the rollers and the circular tracks have rounded shapes, respectively convex and concave, cooperating with each other to compensate for misalignments, any mechanical or thermal distortions and the lateral retention of the track on the rollers .
  • the invention also has the advantage of simplifying the control of the tilting of the tank by using one of the support rings as a drive ring on which a tilting mechanism acts.
  • a circular flange fixed on its periphery on one of the support ferrules and in the center of which is fixed a control shaft centered on the tilting axis and connected by a reducing mechanism to at least one tilt control motor.
  • each pinion could be mounted in a casing carrying rollers rolling on circular tracks adjacent to the ring gear to hold the engagement of the pinion with the latter.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown, in elevation, the assembly of a converter comprising, generally, a retort 1 placed between two supports 2 and 2 ′ and resting on the latter by means of two members rotary support 3 and 3 ′ diametrically opposite and centered on a horizontal axis (15) around which the tank can rotate, under the action of a mechanism 4 for tilting control, so as to be first directed towards the high for the loading of the liquid metal and, if necessary, of the scrap, as well as for the processing of processing, then inclined downwards for the casting of the metal.
  • a mechanism 4 for tilting control so as to be first directed towards the high for the loading of the liquid metal and, if necessary, of the scrap, as well as for the processing of processing, then inclined downwards for the casting of the metal.
  • the tank 1 is constituted by a side wall 11 of revolution about an axis 10 orthogonal to the tilting axis 15, closed at one end by a bottom 12 and opening at its other end on an orifice 13.
  • the wall lateral 11 has, generally, a cylindrical shape in its central part and tightens at its open end so as to limit the orifice 13.
  • the whole of the lateral wall 11 and of the bottom 12 is covered internally by a refractory lining 14.
  • Each support member consists essentially of a cylindrical shell 3, 3 ′, centered on the transverse axis 15 and fixed directly to the side wall 11 of the tank 1.
  • the two support ferrules 3 and 3 ′ form an integral part of the tank 1 whose side wall 11 is entirely free between the two ferrules 3, 3 ′ may require that no support belt is required.
  • Each ferrule 3, 3 ′ is fixed to the side wall 11 of the tank, along its circular edge 31 turned towards the latter and the diameter of the ferrule must therefore be determined so that the connection is provided over a length sufficient for absorb the stresses resulting from the forces applied in service and from differential expansions.
  • Each ferrule will therefore have a much larger diameter than that of conventional pins and which may for example be of the order of half the diameter of the tank.
  • Each support ring 3, 3 ′ rests, along its external face 36, on a pair of support rollers 5 rotatably mounted each around an axis 50 parallel to the transverse axis 15 on a frame 51 fixed itself- even at the top of the support block 2, 2 ′.
  • the two rollers 5 are spaced from each other, on either side of the median plane P1 of the tank passing through the axis 10 of the tank and the tilting axis 15, so as to provide a good seat.
  • the ferrule 3 is mounted on a series of gussets 32 directed along radial planes passing through the axis 15, distributed regularly around this axis and comprising two perpendicular sides fixed respectively on the internal face 33 of the shell 3 and on the side wall 11.
  • the latter can advantageously be provided with notches 34 separated from each other and regularly distributed along the ferrule 3 on the side facing the side wall 11, the ferrule 31 being therefore connected to the wall 11 only by spaced blades 35 left between the notches 34 and by the gussets 32 which are placed in the center of the blades 35.
  • the connecting edge 31 of the ferrule 3 with the side wall of the tank is then formed by the ends of the blades 35 facing the tank.
  • the diameter of the ferrule 3, as well as the dimension and the number of the notches 34 must be determined so that, in total, the connection with the side wall (11) is ensured over a sufficient length.
  • each ferrule 3 therefore constitutes a circular running track on the two support rollers 5, which can advantageously be constituted by a bandage 36 threaded or welded on the ferrule 31.
  • each ferrule 3 on the pair of support rollers 5 are associated with a pair of counter-rollers 52 resting on the ferrule on the opposite side.
  • the rollers 5 are mounted on a frame 51 of annular shape surrounding with clearance the ferrule 3 and at the upper part of which are mounted the counter-rollers 52, each rotating around 'an axis parallel to the transverse axis 15 and bearing on the same circular track as the support rollers 5, constituted by the tire 36.
  • These rollers are applied with a controlled force so as to avoid vibrations, in particular during the phase of elaboration.
  • the rollers are provided with a convex side wall and the external face 37 of the tire 36 has a corresponding concave shape, which makes it possible to center the rollers 5 and 52 on the track 36 as well as a good distribution. loads over the entire surface of the roller even when the deformations of the tank due to the stresses supported cause a slight misalignment of the ferrules 3, the axis 15 then being slightly curved.
  • the means 4 for controlling the tilting of the tank comprises one or more motors associated with a reduction mechanism 42.
  • the reduction mechanism 42 can, for example, be simply mounted in overhang on a control shaft 44 integral with the flange 43 and centered on the axis 15.
  • the flange 43 is held laterally between two pairs of rollers 53 mounted on the chassis 51 for supporting the rollers 5.
  • the second rotary support member placed on the side opposite to the control mechanism 4, is arranged so as to be able to move slightly by compared to these supports.
  • the support rollers 5 ′ and holding 52 ′ of the shell 3 ′ shown in FIG. 2 can be slidably mounted on their axes so as to move laterally in the event of an increase in the diameter of the tank.
  • the annular frame 51 ′ on which the rollers 5 ′ and the counter-rollers 52 ′ are mounted is articulated around a horizontal axis 21 on a yoke 22 fixed on the upper part of the support frame 2 ′.
  • the possibility of the chassis pivoting is limited by springs which are not shown or else by a torsion bar which distributes the loads on the two rollers.
  • the support ferrules 3 and 3 ′ are molded parts made in one piece with the gussets 32 and the corresponding part 16 of the side wall 11 of the tank which is made up of a portion of cylindrical wall limited by a circular edge of diameter a little larger than that of the shell 3 and which is welded along a circular orifice of the same diameter formed on the side of the wall 11.
  • the molded part 3 is calculated to withstand the forces supported and the circumference of the circular part 16 must be sufficient for the welded connection with the wall 11 to allow the stresses to be absorbed.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown a mechanically welded embodiment which allows in particular to produce the side wall 11 of the tank in a homogeneous manner.
  • the ferrule 3 is then a simple circular sheet welded to the wall 11 along its internal edge 31.
  • the elongation of the connecting blades 35 increases the flexibility of these and, consequently, the capacity of adaptation of the shape of the shell to the stresses supported.
  • the T-section assemblies formed by each blade 35 associated with a gusset 32, as shown in FIG. 6, are relative independent of each other and can follow the deformations of the shell 3.
  • the support of the support rings 3 and 3 ′ is produced in a more compact manner.
  • the support rollers 5 are each associated with a counter-roller 54 placed immediately on the other side of the shell 3, that is to say on the internal face 37 thereof.
  • the two pairs of rollers 5 and 54 can then be mounted on a chassis 55 of reduced dimensions which simply covers the lower part of the ferrule 3.
  • the chassis 55 for supporting the rollers placed on the side of the tilting mechanism is fixed and also carries guide rollers 53 mounted to rotate on axes directed radially and bearing on either side a side wall 43 ′ which, in this case, has an annular shape so as to allow the counter rollers 54 to pass; the flange 43 connected to the drive mechanism 4 is then set back and fixed on the internal face 37 of the ferrule 31.
  • the support rollers 5 ′ and the counter rollers 54 ′ are advantageously mounted to slide axially on the chassis 51 ′ and the latter, as described above with reference to FIG. 2, is itself even mounted pivoting about a horizontal axis 21 ′ on a yoke 22 ′ fixed on the support mass 2 ′.
  • FIG. 9 another particularly advantageous embodiment of the tilting mechanism is shown diagrammatically.
  • a toothed ring 45 is applied directly to one of the support rings 3, or to an extension 30 thereof, to which the tilting control movement is directly applied, by means of one or more several pinions driven in rotation.
  • the two diametrically opposed casings 61 bear on a torsion bar 64 perpendicular to the plane of the figure, fixed on the support block 2 and carrying at its ends two keyed cranks 65, each connected to the corresponding casing 61 by an articulated connecting rod 66 at its ends.
  • the two pinions can be driven by the same motor, for example by means of reducers mounted on each of the casings 61.
  • This arrangement makes it possible, on the one hand, to apply the tilting torque on a large circle, by reducing the shear stresses and, on the other hand, to release the entire interior of the shell, as on the non-motorized side, to pass there the various piping of fluids useful to the process.
  • the invention has many advantages.
  • each ferrule makes it possible to reduce and distribute the support and tilting forces over a larger portion of sheet metal than in conventional systems.
  • the possibility of slight deformation of the support ferrules, and in particular the connection to the retort by relatively flexible blades calculated so as to withstand the various forces of bending, compression and shearing makes it possible to leave free the axial expansion and diametral of the tank under the effect of thermal stresses.
  • the tank can be supported isostatically since it is supported only by two support members having a certain possibility of adaptation to the distribution of loads.
  • the large diameter of the support ring allows a wide passage for the various fluid pipes necessary for metallurgical processes to be left free.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
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  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
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Abstract

A convertor comprising a vessel (1) resting on two supports (2) by means of two diametrically opposed rotary bearing members (3) centred on the same tilting axis (15). <??>According to the invention the two bearing members for the vessel (1) consist respectively of two hoops (3,3') of fairly large diameter bearing on rollers (5) and forming an integral part of the vessel (1), each hoop (3,3') being fastened directly to the side wall of the vessel (1) along its inner edge (31); the diameter of the hoop (3) being determined so that the connection is ensured over a sufficient length. <??>The invention is applied especially to steel manufacture. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention a pour objet un nouveau mode de réali­sation d'un convertisseur d'élaboration de métal.The subject of the invention is a new embodiment of a metal processing converter.

Les convertisseurs, utilisés en particulier pour la préparation et l'affinage de l'acier par soufflage d'air ou d'oxygène dans un bain de fonte,sont consti­tués , d'une façon générale, d'une cornue en forme de cuve allongée dans laquelle est chargé un bain de métal liquide à traiter, par exemple de la fonte.The converters, used in particular for the preparation and refining of steel by blowing air or oxygen into a cast iron bath, generally consist of a retort in the form of an elongated tank in which is charged a bath of liquid metal to be treated, for example cast iron.

La cuve est constituée par une paroi latérale, gé­néralement de révolution autour d'un axe et limitant un espace de traitement fermé à une extrémité par un fond et s'ouvrant à son autre extrémité sur un orifice de chargement et de coulée, la paroi latérale et le fond étant recouverts d'un revêtement réfractaire.The tank consists of a side wall, generally of revolution about an axis and limiting a treatment space closed at one end by a bottom and opening at its other end on a loading and pouring orifice, the side wall and the bottom being covered with a refractory lining.

On sait que la cornue doit être placée en position droite pour le soufflage d'air ou d'oxygène puis ren­versée par rotation autour d'un axe horizontal pour la coulée du métal après traitement . A cet effet, la cuve est placée entre deux supports fixes surélevés sur les­quels elle repose par l'intermédiaire de deux organes d'appui rotatif diamétralement opposés et centrés sur un même axe horizontal autour duquel la cuve peut ba­sculer sous l'action d'un moyen de commande.It is known that the retort must be placed in an upright position for blowing air or oxygen and then inverted by rotation around a horizontal axis for the casting of the metal after treatment. To this end, the tank is placed between two raised fixed supports on which it rests by means of two diametrically opposite rotary support members centered on the same horizontal axis around which the tank can tilt under the action of a control means.

Ce genre d'appareil, connu depuis le début de l'industrie métallurgique, a évidemment fait l'objet de nombreux perfectionnements liés aux progrès de la tech­nique et le mode de supportage de la cuve par rapport aux organes de support rotatifs qui définissent l'axe de basculement est particulièrement important car c'est de lui que dépend le comportement de la cuve et des or­ganes porteurs et leur évolution dans le temps, d'autant plus que la masse de métal liquide traitée en une opération et, par conséquent, les dimensions et le poids du convertisseur sont devenus très importants.This type of apparatus, known since the beginning of the metallurgical industry, has obviously been the subject of numerous improvements linked to advances in the technique and the method of supporting the tank with respect to the rotary support members which define the tilting axis is particularly important because it is on it that the behavior of the tank and the supporting organs and their evolution over time depends, especially since the mass of liquid metal treated in one operation and, consequently, the dimensions and weight of the converter have become very important.

D'une façon générale, les organes de support sont soumis , d'une part, aux charges mécaniques qui dépen­dent du poids propre de la cuve et des réfractaires, de la charge de fonte et/ou de ferraille et des vibrations occasionnées par le traitement et, d'autre part, aux charges thermiques dues à la température de la fonte chargée dans la cuve, à la température dégagée par le soufflage d'air ou d'oxygène pendant l'élaboration et au rayonnement lors du décrassage ou de la vidange.In general, the support members are subjected, on the one hand, to mechanical loads which depend on the self-weight of the tank and the refractories, on the load of cast iron and / or scrap and on the vibrations caused by the treatment. and, on the other hand, the thermal loads due to the temperature of the pig iron loaded in the tank, to the temperature given off by the blowing of air or oxygen during the preparation and to the radiation during the cleaning or emptying .

Jusqu'à présent, il a donc semblé naturel de réa­liser sous forme d'organes bien distincts , d'une part la cuve de traitement recouverte intérieurement d'un revêtement réfractaire de façon à supporter les hautes températures dues au traitement et d'autre part ses moyens de support qui comprennent, généralement, une ceinture circulaire délimitant un orifice dans lequel peut être enfilée la cuve , prenant appui sur les deux supports fixes , par l'intermédiaire de tourillons.Up to now, it has therefore seemed natural to produce, in the form of very distinct members, on the one hand the treatment tank covered internally with a refractory coating so as to withstand the high temperatures due to the treatment and on the other hand its support means which generally comprise a circular belt delimiting an orifice in which the tank can be threaded, bearing on the two fixed supports, by means of pins.

Le mouvement de basculement est appliqué sur la ceinture qui tourne autour de ses tourillons en entraî­nant la cuve. A cet effet, le couple de basculement peut avantageusement être appliqué sur une couronne d'assez grand diamétre calée sur l'un des tourillons et dont la rotation est commandée par un réducteur (FR-A-­1.550.338). Une telle couronne, en forme de virole cy­lindrique centrée sur l'axe de basculement, peut aussi être montée rotative sur des galets de façon à servir d'organe d'appui de la ceinture (FR-A-1 257 664).The tilting movement is applied to the belt which rotates around its pins by driving the tank. To this end, the tilting torque can advantageously be applied to a ring of fairly large diameter wedged on one of the pins and whose rotation is controlled by a reduction gear (FR-A-1,550,338). Such a crown, in the form of a cylindrical ferrule centered on the tilting axis, can also be rotatably mounted on rollers so as to serve as a support member for the belt (FR-A-1 257 664).

La fonction de traitement et la fonction de sup­port et de basculement sont ainsi assurées par des or­ganes séparés qui peuvent être prévus en conséquence Par exemple, on peut prévoir un refroidissement de la ceinture par circulation d'eau, ce qui n'est pas possi­ble dans la cuve. D'autre part, pour permettre les mou­vements relatifs et les dilatations , la cuve n'est généralement supportée par la ceinture que par des points d'appui isolés.The processing function and the support and tilting function are thus ensured by separate members which can be provided accordingly. For example, the belt can be cooled by circulation of water, which is not possible in tank. On the other hand, to allow relative movements and expansions, the tank is not generally supported by the belt only by isolated support points.

Un tel mode de réalisation est , cependant,trés lourd et onéreux puisque la ceinture doit supporter non seulement le poids de la cuve mais également les mo­ments dûs au basculement . Le poids propre de la cein­ture peut, d'ailleurs, être du même ordre que celui de la cuve .Such an embodiment is, however, very heavy and expensive since the belt must support not only the weight of the tank but also the moments due to tilting. The self-weight of the belt can, moreover, be of the same order as that of the tank.

En outre, la répartition des efforts de supportage de la cornue sur la ceinture est délicate et rarement isostatique si bien que des contraintes différentielles apparaissent, la répartition des charges est perturbée et les sollicitations déséquilibrées.In addition, the distribution of the support forces of the retort on the belt is delicate and rarely isostatic so that differential stresses appear, the distribution of loads is disturbed and the stresses unbalanced.

D'une façon générale, cependant, un tel mode de réalisation donne, apparemment , satisfaction et s'est donc généralisé , ses inconvénients pouvant être com­battus par divers artifices mécaniques ou thermiques. Mais toutes ces dispositions compliquent l'installation, son exploitation et son entretien et en augmentant le coût sans, cependant, faire disparaître tous les problèmes.In general, however, such an embodiment apparently gives satisfaction and has therefore become generalized, its drawbacks being able to be combated by various mechanical or thermal devices. But all these provisions complicate installation, operation and maintenance and increasing the cost without, however, eliminating all the problems.

L'invention a pour objet un nouveau mode de réali­sation du convertisseur permettant de résoudre de façon satisfaisante l'ensemble de ces difficultés grâce à un mode de supportage beaucoup plus simple .The subject of the invention is a new embodiment of the converter making it possible to satisfactorily resolve all of these difficulties thanks to a much simpler support mode.

L'invention s'applique donc , d'une façon généra­le, à un convertisseur du type comprenant une cuve al­longée placée entre deux supports fixes surélevés et constituée d'une paroi latérale creuse centrée sur un axe et limitant un espace de traitement fermé à une ex­trémité par un fond , l'ensemble étant recouvert inté ­rieurement d'un revêtement réfractaire, des moyens de support rotatifs de la cuve comprenant deux organes d'appui rotatifs diamétralement opposés et constitués respectivement par deux viroles cylindriques dont les faces externes constituent respectivement deux pistes circulaires centrées sur un même axe horizontal ortho­gonal à l'axe de la cuve et prenant appui, respective­ment, sur chaque support fixe , par l'intermédiaire d'au moins deux galets rotatifs écartés l'un de l'autre et des moyens de commande du basculement de la cuve au­tour de l'axe horizontal .The invention therefore applies, in general, to a converter of the type comprising an elongated tank placed between two raised fixed supports and constituted by a hollow side wall centered on an axis and limiting a closed treatment space to a end by a bottom, the assembly being covered internally with a refractory lining, rotary support means of the tank comprising two diametrically opposite rotary support members and constituted respectively by two cylindrical ferrules whose external faces respectively constitute two circular tracks centered on the same horizontal axis orthogonal to the axis of the tank and bearing, respectively, on each fixed support, by means of at least two rotary rollers spaced apart from one other and means for controlling the tilting of the tank around the horizontal axis.

Conformément à l'invention, les deux viroles d'appui font partie intégrante de la cuve et sont fixées directement sur la paroi latérale de celle-ci , chacune le long d'un bord circulaire interne , le dia­mètre des deux viroles étant déterminé de façon que la liaison de chaque bord interne avec la paroi latérale soit assuré sur une longueur suffisante pour encaisser les contraintes résultant des efforts appliqués en ser­vice et des dilatations différentielles.According to the invention, the two support ferrules are an integral part of the tank and are fixed directly to the side wall thereof, each along an internal circular edge, the diameter of the two ferrules being determined so that the connection of each internal edge with the side wall is provided over a length sufficient to absorb the stresses resulting from the forces applied in service and from differential expansions.

D'une façon générale, le diamètre de chaque virole pourra être compris entre un quart et la moitié du dia­mètre de la cornue.Generally, the diameter of each ferrule may be between a quarter and a half of the diameter of the retort.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulièrement avan­tageux , chaque virole est munie , du côté de la paroi latérale de la cuve , d'une série d'échancrures régu­lièrement réparties autour de l'axe et délimitant entre elles une série de lames flexibles fixées sur la paroi latérale par leurs extrémités internes tournées vers la cuve .In a particularly advantageous embodiment, each ferrule is provided, on the side of the side wall of the tank, with a series of notches regularly distributed around the axis and delimiting between them a series of flexible blades fixed on the wall lateral by their internal ends facing the tank.

Pour encaisser, dans de bonnes conditions, les ef­forts verticaux, chaque virole sera montée, de préfé­rence,sur une série de goussets placés à l'intérieur de la virole et dirigés radialement suivant des plans pas­sant par l'axe de la virole, chaque gousset comportant deux côtés perpendiculaires fixés respectivement sur la paroi latérale de la cuve et sur la face interne de la virole .To collect, under good conditions, the vertical forces, each ferrule will preferably be mounted on a series of gussets placed inside the ferrule and directed radially along planes passing through the axis of the ferrule, each gusset comprising two perpendicular sides fixed respectively on the side wall of the tank and on the internal face of the shell.

Selon une autre disposition avantageuse, chaque support est muni d'au moins deux contre-galets de main­tien de la virole, prenant appui sur celle-ci du côté opposé aux galets de support . Ces contre-galets peu­vent être portés par un châssis annulaire entourant la virole en prenant appui de l'extérieur sur la même pis­te circulaire que les galets de support, à la partie supérieure de celle-ci . Mais on peut aussi ménager une seconde piste circulaire sur la face interne de la vi­role sur laquelle prennent appui des contre-galets op­posés deux à deux aux galets de support placés de l'autre côté de la virole, l'ensemble des galets étant monté dans un châssis qui coiffe seulement la partie inférieure de la virole.According to another advantageous arrangement, each support is provided with at least two counter-rollers for holding the ferrule, bearing on the latter on the side opposite to the support rollers. These counter-rollers can be carried by an annular frame surrounding the ferrule by bearing from the outside on the same circular track as the support rollers, at the upper part thereof. However, it is also possible to provide a second circular track on the internal face of the ferrule on which are supported counter-rollers opposite in pairs to the support rollers placed on the other side of the ferrule, all of the rollers being mounted in a frame which covers only the lower part of the shell.

Selon une autre caractéristique intéressante,les galets et les pistes circulaires ont des formes arron­dies, respectivement convexe et concave, coopérant en­tre elles pour la compensation des défauts d'alignement , les éventuelles distorsions mécaniques ou thermiques et le maintien latéral de la piste sur les galets.According to another advantageous characteristic, the rollers and the circular tracks have rounded shapes, respectively convex and concave, cooperating with each other to compensate for misalignments, any mechanical or thermal distortions and the lateral retention of the track on the rollers .

L'invention présente également l'avantage de sim­plifier la commande du basculement de la cuve en utili­sant l'une des viroles d'appui comme une couronne d'entraînement sur laquelle agit un mécanisme de bas­culement. A cet effet, on peut utiliser un flasque circulaire fixé sur sa périphérie sur l'une des viroles d'appui et au centre duquel est fixé un arbre de com­mande centré sur l'axe de basculement et relié par un mécanisme réducteur à au moins un moteur de commande du basculement .The invention also has the advantage of simplifying the control of the tilting of the tank by using one of the support rings as a drive ring on which a tilting mechanism acts. For this purpose, it is possible to use a circular flange fixed on its periphery on one of the support ferrules and in the center of which is fixed a control shaft centered on the tilting axis and connected by a reducing mechanism to at least one tilt control motor.

On peut aussi ménager directement sur l'une des viroles d'appui ou sur un prolongement de celle-ci, une couronne dentée engrenant avec un ou plusieurs pignons entraînés en rotation.It is also possible to provide directly on one of the support ferrules or on an extension thereof, a toothed ring meshing with one or more pinions driven in rotation.

Selon une disposition connue dans d'autres applications, chaque pignon pourrait être monté dans un carter portant des galets roulant sur des pistes circulaires adjacentes à la couronne dentée pour main tenir l'engrènement du pignon avec cette dernière.According to an arrangement known in other applications, each pinion could be mounted in a casing carrying rollers rolling on circular tracks adjacent to the ring gear to hold the engagement of the pinion with the latter.

De la sorte, comme du côté non motorisé, l'intérieur de la virole est entiérement libéré pour le passage de tuyauteries de fluides utiles au procédé métallurgique .In this way, as on the non-motorized side, the interior of the ferrule is entirely freed for the passage of pipes for fluids useful for the metallurgical process.

D'autres caractéristiques de l'invention ap­paraîtront dans la description suivante de certains modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemple et représentés sur les dessins annexés.

  • La figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble en éléva­tion d'un convertisseur selon l'invention,en coupe par le plan passant par l'axe de la cornue et l'axe transversal de basculement .
  • La figure 2 et la figure 3 sont des vues de face des deux organes d'appui placés de part et d'autre de la cornue, respectivement suivant les flèches F1 et F2 de la figure 1.
  • La figure 4 est une vue de détail représen­tant une virole d'appui en coupe par un plan hori­zontal selon la ligne AA de la figure 1.
  • La figure 5 est une vue partielle en éléva­tion de la cornue représentant un autre mode de réalisation de la virole d'appui.
  • La figure 6 est une vue en coupe de la viro­le par un plan perpendiculaire à son axe selon la ligne BB de la figure 5.
  • La figure 7 est une vue d'ensemble en éléva­tion représentant une variante de réalisation de l'invention .
  • La figure 8 est une vue de face de la virole d'appui suivant la ligne F3 de la figure 7.
  • La figure 9 est une vue partielle en éléva­tion représentant une variante de réalisation du mécanisme de basculement.
Other characteristics of the invention will appear in the following description of certain embodiments given by way of example and shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • Figure 1 is an overall elevational view of a converter according to the invention, in section through the plane passing through the axis of the retort and the transverse axis of tilting.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are front views of the two support members placed on either side of the retort, respectively according to the arrows F1 and F2 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a detail view showing a support ring in section through a horizontal plane along the line AA in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 5 is a partial elevational view of the retort showing another embodiment of the support ring.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the ferrule by a plane perpendicular to its axis along the line BB in FIG. 5.
  • Figure 7 is an overall elevational view showing an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a front view of the support ring along line F3 in FIG. 7.
  • Figure 9 is a partial elevational view showing an alternative embodiment of the tilting mechanism.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté, en éléva­tion, l'ensemble d'un convertisseur comprenant, d'une façon générale, une cornue 1 placée entre deux supports 2 et 2′ et reposant sur ces derniers par l'intermédiaire de deux organes d'appui rotatif 3 et 3′ diamétralement opposés et centrés sur un axe horizontal (15) autour duquel la cuve peut tourner, sous l'action d'un mécanisme 4 de commande de basculement, de façon à être d'abord dirigée vers le haut pour le chargement du métal liquide et, le cas échéant, de la ferraille, ainsi que pour le traitement d'élaboration,puis inclinée vers le bas pour la coulée du métal.In Figure 1, there is shown, in elevation, the assembly of a converter comprising, generally, a retort 1 placed between two supports 2 and 2 ′ and resting on the latter by means of two members rotary support 3 and 3 ′ diametrically opposite and centered on a horizontal axis (15) around which the tank can rotate, under the action of a mechanism 4 for tilting control, so as to be first directed towards the high for the loading of the liquid metal and, if necessary, of the scrap, as well as for the processing of processing, then inclined downwards for the casting of the metal.

La cuve 1 est constituée par une paroi latéra­le 11 de révolution autour d'un axe 10 orthogonal à l'axe de basculement 15, fermée à une extrémité par un fond 12 et s'ouvrant à son autre extrémité sur un orifice 13. La paroi latérale 11 a, générale­ment, une forme cylindrique dans sa partie centrale et se resserre à son extrémité ouverte de façon à limiter l'orifice 13. L'ensemble de la paroi laté­rale 11 et du fond 12 est recouvert intérieurement par un revêtement réfractaire 14.The tank 1 is constituted by a side wall 11 of revolution about an axis 10 orthogonal to the tilting axis 15, closed at one end by a bottom 12 and opening at its other end on an orifice 13. The wall lateral 11 has, generally, a cylindrical shape in its central part and tightens at its open end so as to limit the orifice 13. The whole of the lateral wall 11 and of the bottom 12 is covered internally by a refractory lining 14.

Chaque organe d'appui est constitué essen­tiellement d'une virole cylindrique 3, 3′, centrée sur l'axe transversal 15 et fixée directement sur la paroi latérale 11 de la cuve 1.Each support member consists essentially of a cylindrical shell 3, 3 ′, centered on the transverse axis 15 and fixed directly to the side wall 11 of the tank 1.

On voit donc que, selon la caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, les deux viroles d'appui 3 et 3′ font partie intégrante de la cuve 1 dont la paroi latérale 11 est entièrement dégagée entre les deux viroles 3, 3′ puisse qu'aucune ceinture de support n'est nécessaire.It can therefore be seen that, according to the essential characteristic of the invention, the two support ferrules 3 and 3 ′ form an integral part of the tank 1 whose side wall 11 is entirely free between the two ferrules 3, 3 ′ may require that no support belt is required.

Chaque virole 3, 3′ est fixée sur la paroi latérale 11 de la cuve, le long de son bord cir­culaire 31 tourné vers cette dernière et le diamè­tre de la virole doit donc être déterminé de façon que la liaison soit assurée sur une longueur suffi­sante pour encaisser les contraintes résultant des efforts appliqués en service et des dilatations différentielles.Chaque virole aura donc un diamètre beaucoup plus grand que celui des tourillons clas­siques et qui pourra par exemple être de l'ordre de la moitié du diamètre de la cuve .Each ferrule 3, 3 ′ is fixed to the side wall 11 of the tank, along its circular edge 31 turned towards the latter and the diameter of the ferrule must therefore be determined so that the connection is provided over a length sufficient for absorb the stresses resulting from the forces applied in service and from differential expansions. Each ferrule will therefore have a much larger diameter than that of conventional pins and which may for example be of the order of half the diameter of the tank.

Chaque virole d'appui 3, 3′ repose, le long de sa face externe 36 , sur une paire de galets de support 5 montés rotatifs chacun autour d'un axe 50 parallèle à l'axe transversal 15 sur un châssis 51 fixé lui-même à la partie supérieure du massif de support 2, 2′.Each support ring 3, 3 ′ rests, along its external face 36, on a pair of support rollers 5 rotatably mounted each around an axis 50 parallel to the transverse axis 15 on a frame 51 fixed itself- even at the top of the support block 2, 2 ′.

Comme on le voit sur les figures 2 et 3, les deux galets 5 sont écartés l'un de l'autre, de part et d'autre du plan médian P1 de la cuve passant par l'axe 10 de la cuve et l'axe 15 de basculement , de façon à ménager une bonne assise.As seen in Figures 2 and 3, the two rollers 5 are spaced from each other, on either side of the median plane P1 of the tank passing through the axis 10 of the tank and the tilting axis 15, so as to provide a good seat.

Pour encaisser dans de bonnes conditions les efforts d'appui, la virole 3 est montée sur une sé­rie de goussets 32 dirigés suivant des plans ra­diaux passant par l'axe 15, répartis régulièrement autour de cet axe et comprenant deux côtés perpen­diculaires fixés respectivement sur la face interne 33 de la virole 3 et sur la paroi latérale 11.To collect the support forces under good conditions, the ferrule 3 is mounted on a series of gussets 32 directed along radial planes passing through the axis 15, distributed regularly around this axis and comprising two perpendicular sides fixed respectively on the internal face 33 of the shell 3 and on the side wall 11.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 4, qui est une vue en coupe par un plan horizontal , la pa­roi latérale 11 de la cuve est entièrement déga­gée sur ses deux faces 17 placées entre les deux viroles d'appui 3, 3′, c'est-à-dire , en fait, sur la plus grande partie de sa périphérie. En revanche, dans les dispositions utilisées jusqu'à présent, la paroi latérale 11 était com­plètement entourée par la ceinture d'appui qui constituait , avec les attaches de la cuve, des écrans susceptibles de gêner la ventilation de la tôle de la cuve et celle de la ceinture. Dans la disposition , selon l'invention, au contraire, la plus grande partie de la cuve peut être simple­ment refroidie par circulation naturelle .As seen in Figure 4, which is a sectional view through a horizontal plane, the side wall 11 of the tank is fully exposed on its two faces 17 placed between the two support rings 3, 3 ′, c ' that is, in fact, over most of its periphery. On the other hand, in the arrangements used until now, the side wall 11 was completely surrounded by the support belt which constituted, with the fasteners of the tank, screens capable of impeding the ventilation of the sheet of the tank and that of the belt. In the arrangement according to the invention, on the contrary, most of the tank can be simply cooled by natural circulation.

Bien entendu, on ne peut pas éviter les di­latations relatives entre la paroi 11 de la cuve et les viroles d'appui mais il est possible de calculer ces contraintes par des méthodes simples et de déterminer en conséquence la longueur et le mode de réalisation de la liaison circulaire en­tre chaque virole et la paroi latérale.Of course, it is not possible to avoid the relative expansions between the wall 11 of the tank and the support rings, but it is possible to calculate these stresses by simple methods and to consequently determine the length and the embodiment of the circular connection between each ferrule and the side wall.

De plus, pour permettre les dilatations relatives de la paroi latérale 11 par rapport à la virole 31, cette dernière peut avantageusement être munie d'échancrures 34 séparées les unes des autres et régulièrement réparties le long de la virole 3 sur le côté tourné vers la paroi latéra­le 11, la virole 31 n'étant, par conséquent, re­liée à la paroi 11 que par des lames espacées 35 laissées entre les échancrures 34 et par les goussets 32 qui sont placés au centre des lames 35 . Le bord de liaison 31 de la virole 3 avec la paroi latérale de la cuve est alors constitué par les extrémités des lames 35 tournées vers la cuve. Bien entendu , le diamètre de la virole 3 , de même que la dimension et le nombre des échan­crures 34 doivent être déterminées pour que, au total, la liaison avec la paroi latérale (11) soit assurée sur une longueur suffisante .In addition, to allow the relative expansions of the side wall 11 relative to the ferrule 31, the latter can advantageously be provided with notches 34 separated from each other and regularly distributed along the ferrule 3 on the side facing the side wall 11, the ferrule 31 being therefore connected to the wall 11 only by spaced blades 35 left between the notches 34 and by the gussets 32 which are placed in the center of the blades 35. The connecting edge 31 of the ferrule 3 with the side wall of the tank is then formed by the ends of the blades 35 facing the tank. Of course, the diameter of the ferrule 3, as well as the dimension and the number of the notches 34 must be determined so that, in total, the connection with the side wall (11) is ensured over a sufficient length.

La face externe de chaque virole 3 constitue donc une piste circulaire de roulement sur les deux galets de support 5, qui peut, avantageuse­ment, être constituée par un bandage 36 enfilé ou soudé sur la virole 31.The external face of each ferrule 3 therefore constitutes a circular running track on the two support rollers 5, which can advantageously be constituted by a bandage 36 threaded or welded on the ferrule 31.

Pour assurer le maintien de chaque virole 3 sur la paire de galets de support 5, ces derniers sont associés à une paire de contre-galets 52 s'appuyant sur la virole du côté opposé. Par exemple, dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 2, les galets 5 sont montés sur un châssis 51 de forme annulaire entourant avec jeu la virole 3 et à la partie supérieure duquel sont montés les contre-galets 52, chacun tournant au­tour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe transversal 15 et prenant appui sur la même piste circulaire que les galets de support 5, constituée par le banda­ge 36. Ces galets sont appliqués avec une force contrôlée de manière à éviter les vibrations, no­tamment pendant la phase d'élaboration .To maintain each ferrule 3 on the pair of support rollers 5, the latter are associated with a pair of counter-rollers 52 resting on the ferrule on the opposite side. For example, in the embodiment represented in FIG. 2, the rollers 5 are mounted on a frame 51 of annular shape surrounding with clearance the ferrule 3 and at the upper part of which are mounted the counter-rollers 52, each rotating around 'an axis parallel to the transverse axis 15 and bearing on the same circular track as the support rollers 5, constituted by the tire 36. These rollers are applied with a controlled force so as to avoid vibrations, in particular during the phase of elaboration.

De préférence, les galets sont munis d'une paroi latérale convexe et la face externe 37 du bandage 36 a une forme concave correspondante, ce qui permet d'assurer le centrage des galets 5 et 52 sur la piste 36 ainsi qu'une bonne répartition des charges sur toute la surface du galet même lorsque les déformations de la cuve dues aux contraintes supportées entraînent un léger désa­xement des viroles 3, l'axe 15 étant alors légè­rement courbé.Preferably, the rollers are provided with a convex side wall and the external face 37 of the tire 36 has a corresponding concave shape, which makes it possible to center the rollers 5 and 52 on the track 36 as well as a good distribution. loads over the entire surface of the roller even when the deformations of the tank due to the stresses supported cause a slight misalignment of the ferrules 3, the axis 15 then being slightly curved.

Le moyen 4 de commande du basculement de la cuve comprend un ou plusieurs moteurs associés à un mécanisme réducteur 42. L'utilisation,selon l'invention, d'organes d'appui circulaires de diamètre relativement important, simplifie la commande. En effet, le mouvement peut être transmis directement à la virole 3 de l'un des organes d'appui 3 par l'intermédiaire d'un flas­que 43 fixé sur le bord circulaire 38 de la viro­le du côté opposé à la cuve 1. Le mécanisme réducteur 42 peut, par exemple, être simplement monté en porte-à-faux sur un arbre de commande 44 solidaire du flasque 43 et centré sur l'axe 15.The means 4 for controlling the tilting of the tank comprises one or more motors associated with a reduction mechanism 42. The use, according to the invention, of circular support members of relatively large diameter, simplifies the control. Indeed, the movement can be transmitted directly to the ferrule 3 of one of the support members 3 via a flange 43 fixed on the circular edge 38 of the ferrule on the side opposite to the tank 1. The reduction mechanism 42 can, for example, be simply mounted in overhang on a control shaft 44 integral with the flange 43 and centered on the axis 15.

De préférence, le flasque 43 est maintenu latéralement entre deux paires de galets 53 mon­tés sur le châssis 51 de support des galets 5.Preferably, the flange 43 is held laterally between two pairs of rollers 53 mounted on the chassis 51 for supporting the rollers 5.

Pour assurer la libre déformation de l'ensemble des éléments sous l'action des contraintes mécaniques et thermiques supportées , le second organe d'appui rotatif, placé du côté opposé au mécanisme de commande 4, est aménagé de façon à pouvoir se déplacer légèrement par rap­port à ces supports. En particulier, les galets de support 5′ et de maintien 52′ de la virole 3′, représentés sur la figure 2, peuvent être montés coulissants sur leurs axes de façon à se déplacer latéralement en cas d'augmentation du diamètre de la cuve . D'autre part, comme on le voit sur la figure 2, le châssis annulaire 51′ sur lequel sont montés les galets 5′ et les contre-galets 52′, est articulé autour d'un axe horizontal 21 sur une chape 22 fixée sur la partie supérieure du massif de support 2′. La possibilité du pivo­tement du châssis est limitée par des ressorts non représentés ou bien par une barre de torsion qui répartit les charges sur les deux galets.To ensure the free deformation of all the elements under the action of the mechanical and thermal stresses supported, the second rotary support member, placed on the side opposite to the control mechanism 4, is arranged so as to be able to move slightly by compared to these supports. In particular, the support rollers 5 ′ and holding 52 ′ of the shell 3 ′, shown in FIG. 2, can be slidably mounted on their axes so as to move laterally in the event of an increase in the diameter of the tank. On the other hand, as can be seen in FIG. 2, the annular frame 51 ′ on which the rollers 5 ′ and the counter-rollers 52 ′ are mounted, is articulated around a horizontal axis 21 on a yoke 22 fixed on the upper part of the support frame 2 ′. The possibility of the chassis pivoting is limited by springs which are not shown or else by a torsion bar which distributes the loads on the two rollers.

L'invention se prête à différents modes de réalisation . Par exemple, sur les figures 1 et 4, les viroles d'appui 3 et 3′ sont des pièces moulées réalisées en une seule pièce avec les goussets 32 et la partie correspondante 16 de la paroi latérale 11 de la cuve qui est constituée d'une portion de paroi cylindrique limitée par un bord circulaire de diamètre un peu plus grand que celui de la virole 3 et qui est soudé le long d'un orifice circulaire de même diamètre ménagé sur le côté de la paroi 11 . Dans ce cas, la piè­ce moulée 3 est calculée pour résister aux ef­forts supportés et la circonférence de la partie circulaire 16 doit être suffisante pour que la liaison soudée avec la paroi 11 permette d'encaisser les contraintes.The invention lends itself to different embodiments. For example, in FIGS. 1 and 4, the support ferrules 3 and 3 ′ are molded parts made in one piece with the gussets 32 and the corresponding part 16 of the side wall 11 of the tank which is made up of a portion of cylindrical wall limited by a circular edge of diameter a little larger than that of the shell 3 and which is welded along a circular orifice of the same diameter formed on the side of the wall 11. In this case, the molded part 3 is calculated to withstand the forces supported and the circumference of the circular part 16 must be sufficient for the welded connection with the wall 11 to allow the stresses to be absorbed.

Sur la figure 5, on a représenté un mode de réalisation mécanosoudée qui permet notamment de réaliser la paroi latérale 11 de la cuve de façon homogène . La virole 3 est alors une simple tôle circulaire soudée sur la paroi 11 le long de son bord interne 31. On peut alors donner une plus grande possibilité de déformation à la virole 3 en donnant à celle-ci une plus grande largeur, ce qui conduit à allonger les lames de liaison 35 et augmenter la section des échancrures 34, les ban­dages 36 étant alors plus écartés de la paroi la­térale 11 que dans le mode de réalisation précédent . L'allongement des lames de liaison 35 augmente la flexibilité de celles-ci et, par conséquent, la capacité d'adaptation de la forme de la virole aux contraintes supportées . De mê­me, les ensembles à section en T constitués par chaque lame 35 associée à un gousset 32, comme on l'a représenté sur la figure 6 , sont relative­ ment indépendants les uns des autres et peuvent suivre les déformations de la virole 3.In Figure 5, there is shown a mechanically welded embodiment which allows in particular to produce the side wall 11 of the tank in a homogeneous manner. The ferrule 3 is then a simple circular sheet welded to the wall 11 along its internal edge 31. We can then give greater possibility of deformation to the ferrule 3 by giving it a greater width, which leads to lengthen the connecting blades 35 and increase the section of the notches 34, the bandages 36 then being further apart from the side wall 11 than in the previous embodiment. The elongation of the connecting blades 35 increases the flexibility of these and, consequently, the capacity of adaptation of the shape of the shell to the stresses supported. Similarly, the T-section assemblies formed by each blade 35 associated with a gusset 32, as shown in FIG. 6, are relative independent of each other and can follow the deformations of the shell 3.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 7 et 8, le supportage des viroles d'appui 3 et 3′ est realisé de façon plus compac­te . En effet, les galets de support 5 sont asso­ciés chacun à un contre-galet 54 placé immédiatement de l'autre côté de la virole 3, c'est-à-dire sur la face interne 37 de celle-ci . Les deux paires de galets 5 et 54 peuvent alors être montées sur un châssis 55 de dimensions ré­duites qui coiffe simplement la partie inférieure de la virole 3.In another embodiment shown in Figures 7 and 8, the support of the support rings 3 and 3 ′ is produced in a more compact manner. Indeed, the support rollers 5 are each associated with a counter-roller 54 placed immediately on the other side of the shell 3, that is to say on the internal face 37 thereof. The two pairs of rollers 5 and 54 can then be mounted on a chassis 55 of reduced dimensions which simply covers the lower part of the ferrule 3.

Comme dans le mode de réalisation précédem­ment décrit, le châssis 55 de support des galets placés du côté du mécanisme de basculement est fixe et porte également des galets de guidage 53 montés rotatifs sur des axes dirigés radialement et s'appuyant de part et d'autre d'une paroi la­térale 43′ qui, dans ce cas, a une forme annulai­re de façon à laisser passer les contre-galets 54; le flasque 43 relié au mécanisme d'entraînement 4 est alors placé en retrait et fixé sur la face interne 37 de la virole 31.As in the previously described embodiment, the chassis 55 for supporting the rollers placed on the side of the tilting mechanism is fixed and also carries guide rollers 53 mounted to rotate on axes directed radially and bearing on either side a side wall 43 ′ which, in this case, has an annular shape so as to allow the counter rollers 54 to pass; the flange 43 connected to the drive mechanism 4 is then set back and fixed on the internal face 37 of the ferrule 31.

Du côté opposé au mécanisme, les galets de support 5′ et les contre-galets 54′ sont avanta­geusement montés coulissants axialement sur le châssis 51′ et ce dernier, comme on l'a décrit précédemment en se référant à la figure 2, est lui-même monté pivotant autour d'un axe horizon­tal 21′ sur une chape 22′ fixée sur le massif de support 2′.On the side opposite the mechanism, the support rollers 5 ′ and the counter rollers 54 ′ are advantageously mounted to slide axially on the chassis 51 ′ and the latter, as described above with reference to FIG. 2, is itself even mounted pivoting about a horizontal axis 21 ′ on a yoke 22 ′ fixed on the support mass 2 ′.

Sur la figure 9, on a représenté schémati­quement un autre mode de réalisation, particuliè­rement avantageux, du mécanisme de basculement . Dans ce cas, on ménage directement sur l'une des viroles d'appui 3, ou sur un prolongement 30 de celle-ci, une couronne dentée 45 sur laquelle est appliqué directement le mouvement de commande du basculement, au moyen d'un ou plusieurs pi­gnons entraînés en rotation.In FIG. 9, another particularly advantageous embodiment of the tilting mechanism is shown diagrammatically. In this case, a toothed ring 45 is applied directly to one of the support rings 3, or to an extension 30 thereof, to which the tilting control movement is directly applied, by means of one or more several pinions driven in rotation.

Comme représenté sur la figure 9, il est intéressant d'utiliser deux pignons 6 diamètrale­ment opposés, montés chacun dans un carter 61 porté par une ou plusieurs paires de galets 62 roulant sur une piste 63 ménagée sur la face interne du prolongement 30 de la virole.As shown in FIG. 9, it is advantageous to use two diametrically opposite pinions 6, each mounted in a casing 61 carried by one or more pairs of rollers 62 rolling on a track 63 formed on the internal face of the extension 30 of the ferrule .

Les deux carters 61 diamétralement opposés prennent appui sur une barre de torsion 64 per­pendiculaire au plan de la figure, fixée sur le massif d'appui 2 et portant à ses extrémités deux manivelles clavetées 65 , chacune reliée au car­ter correspondant 61 par une bielle 66 articulée à ses extrémités.The two diametrically opposed casings 61 bear on a torsion bar 64 perpendicular to the plane of the figure, fixed on the support block 2 and carrying at its ends two keyed cranks 65, each connected to the corresponding casing 61 by an articulated connecting rod 66 at its ends.

Les deux pignons peuvent être entraînés par un même moteur, par exemple au moyen de réduc­teurs montés sur chacun des carters 61.The two pinions can be driven by the same motor, for example by means of reducers mounted on each of the casings 61.

D'autres modes d'entraînement sont envisa­geables , par exemple celui qui fait l'objet du brevet français n° 1.550.338 et qui comprend deux pignons écartés montés dans un carter flottant.Other drive modes are conceivable, for example that which is the subject of French Patent No. 1,550,338 and which includes two spaced apart gears mounted in a floating casing.

Cette disposition permet, d'une part, d'appliquer le couple de basculement sur un grand cercle, en diminuant les contraintes de cisaille­ment et, d'autre part, de libérer tout l'intérieur de la virole, comme du côté non moto­risé, pour y faire passer les différentes tuyau­teries de fluides utiles au procédé.This arrangement makes it possible, on the one hand, to apply the tilting torque on a large circle, by reducing the shear stresses and, on the other hand, to release the entire interior of the shell, as on the non-motorized side, to pass there the various piping of fluids useful to the process.

Bien entendu , l'invention ne se limite pas aux détails des différents modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits à titre d'exemple, d'autres variantes pouvant encore être imaginées, sans s'écarter du cadre de protection défini par les revendications.Of course, the invention is not limited to the details of the different embodiments which have just been described by way of example, other variants which can still be imagined, without departing from the protective framework defined by the claims.

C'est ainsi que d'autres systèmes d'appui ou d'autres mécanismes connus pour commander le bas­culement de la cuve, par exemple au moyen de plusieurs moteurs, pourraient être adaptés à l'invention en apportant leurs avantages propres.Thus other support systems or other known mechanisms for controlling the tilting of the tank, for example by means of several motors, could be adapted to the invention by providing their own advantages.

En résumé, l'invention présente de nombreux avantages .In summary, the invention has many advantages.

La suppression de la ceinture simplifie la construction, allège l'ensemble et permet un meilleur refroidissement de la cuve qui n'est plus masquée et enfermée sous des capots mal ven­tilés .The removal of the belt simplifies construction, lightens the whole and allows better cooling of the tank which is no longer hidden and enclosed under poorly ventilated covers.

Le grand diamètre du bandage formé par cha­que virole permet de réduire et de répartir les efforts de supportage et de basculement sur une portion de tôlerie plus importante que dans les systèmes classiques. En outre, la possibilité de legére déformation des viroles d'appui,et notam­ment la liaison à la cornue par des lames relati­vement flexibles calculées de manière à résister aux différents efforts de flexion,compression et cisaillement, permet de laisser libre l'expansion axiale et diamétrale de la cuve sous l'effet des contraintes thermiques.The large diameter of the tire formed by each ferrule makes it possible to reduce and distribute the support and tilting forces over a larger portion of sheet metal than in conventional systems. In addition, the possibility of slight deformation of the support ferrules, and in particular the connection to the retort by relatively flexible blades calculated so as to withstand the various forces of bending, compression and shearing, makes it possible to leave free the axial expansion and diametral of the tank under the effect of thermal stresses.

Contrairement aux modes de réalisation clas­siques utilisant une ceinture indépendante, la cuve peut être supportée isostatiquement puisqu'elle est supportée uniquement par deux or­ganes d'appui ayant une certaine possibilité d'adaptation à la répartition des charges.Unlike the conventional embodiments using an independent belt, the tank can be supported isostatically since it is supported only by two support members having a certain possibility of adaptation to the distribution of loads.

De plus l'utilisation de simples galets pour supporter les bandages est moins onéreuse et plus facile d'entretien que les paliers utilisés hermétiquement pour supporter les tourillons des poches .In addition, the use of simple rollers to support the bandages is less expensive and easier to maintain than the bearings used hermetically to support the pins of the pockets.

Enfin,le grand diamètre de la virole d'appui permet de laisser libre un large passage pour les différentes tuyauteries de fluides nécessaires aux procédés métallurgiques.Finally, the large diameter of the support ring allows a wide passage for the various fluid pipes necessary for metallurgical processes to be left free.

Claims (14)

1.Convertisseur comprenant une cuve allongée (1) placée entre deux supports fixes surélevés (2) (2′) et constituée d'une paroi latérale (11) creu­se centrée sur un axe (10) placé dans un plan ver­tical et limitant un espace de traitement fermé à une extrémité par un fond (12) , la paroi latérale (11) et le fond (12) étant recouverts d'un revête­ment réfractaire (14),
des moyens de support rotatif de la cuve (1) com­prenant deux organes d'appui rotatif (3,3′) dia­métralement opposés et constitués respectivement par deux viroles cylindriques (3) dont les faces externes constituent respectivement deux pistes circulaires (36) centrées sur un même axe trans­versal (15) orthogonal à l'axe (10) de la cuve (1) et prenant appui, respectivement, sur chaque support fixe (2, 2′),par l'intermédiaire d'au moins deux galets rotatifs (5) écartés l'un de l'autre,
et des moyens (4) de commande du basculement de la cuve (1) autour de l'axe transversal (15), caractérisé par le fait que les deux viroles d'appui (3) font partie intégrante de la cuve (1) et sont fixées directement sur la paroi latérale (11) de celle-ci , chacune le long d'un bord cir­culaire interne (31) , le diamètre des deux viro­les (3) étant déterminé de façon que la liaison de chaque bord interne (31) avec la paroi latérale (11) soit assurée sur une longueur suffisante pour encaisser les contraintes résultant des efforts appliqués en service et des dilatations différen­tielles .1.Converter comprising an elongated tank (1) placed between two raised fixed supports (2) (2 ′) and consisting of a hollow side wall (11) centered on an axis (10) placed in a vertical plane and limiting a space treatment closed at one end by a bottom (12), the side wall (11) and the bottom (12) being covered with a refractory lining (14),
means for rotary support of the tank (1) comprising two diametrically opposite rotary support members (3,3 ′) constituted respectively by two cylindrical ferrules (3) whose external faces constitute respectively two circular tracks (36) centered on the same transverse axis (15) orthogonal to the axis (10) of the tank (1) and bearing, respectively, on each fixed support (2, 2 ′), by means of at least two rotary rollers ( 5) separated from each other,
and means (4) for controlling the tilting of the tank (1) around the transverse axis (15), characterized in that the two support rings (3) form an integral part of the tank (1) and are fixed directly to the side wall (11) thereof, each along an internal circular edge (31), the diameter of the two ferrules (3) being determined so that the connection of each internal edge (31) with the side wall (11) is provided over a length sufficient to absorb the stresses resulting from the forces applied in service and from differential expansions. 2.Convertisseur selon la revendication 1, ca­ractérisé par le fait que chaque virole (3) est munie, du côté de la paroi latérale (11) de la cuve (1) , d'une série d'échancrures (34) régu­ lièrement réparties autour de l'axe (15) et déli­mitant entre elles une série de lames flexibles (35) fixées sur la paroi latérale (11) par leurs extrémités internes (31) tournées vers la cuve (1).2.Converter according to claim 1, characterized in that each ferrule (3) is provided, on the side of the side wall (11) of the tank (1), with a series of regulated notches (34) smoothly distributed around the axis (15) and delimiting between them a series of flexible blades (35) fixed on the side wall (11) by their internal ends (31) facing the tank (1). 3. Convertisseur selon l'une des revendica­tions 1 et 2,
caractérisé par le fait que chaque virole (3) est montée sur une série de goussets (32) placés à l'intérieur de la virole (3) et dirigés radiale­ment suivant des plans passant par l'axe (15) de la virole (31) , chaque gousset (32) comportant deux côtés perpendiculaires fixés respectivement sur la paroi latérale (11) de la cuve et sur la face interne (33) de la virole (3).3. Converter according to one of claims 1 and 2,
characterized in that each ferrule (3) is mounted on a series of gussets (32) placed inside the ferrule (3) and directed radially along planes passing through the axis (15) of the ferrule (31 ), each gusset (32) comprising two perpendicular sides fixed respectively on the side wall (11) of the tank and on the internal face (33) of the ferrule (3). 4.Convertisseur selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que chaque support (2)(2′) est muni d'au moins deux contre-galets (52,54) de maintien de la virole (3), prenant appui sur celle-ci du côté opposé aux galets de support (5).4.Converter according to claim 1,
characterized in that each support (2) (2 ′) is provided with at least two counter-rollers (52,54) for holding the ferrule (3), bearing on it on the side opposite the rollers of support (5). 5.Convertisseur selon la revendication 4,
caractérisé par le fait que les galets de support (5) et les contre-galets de maintien (52) sont portés par un châssis annulaire (51) entourant la virole (3) et que les contre-galets (52) prennent appui de l'extérieur sur la même piste circulaire (36) que les galets de support (5), à la partie supérieure de celle-ci.5.Converter according to claim 4,
characterized in that the support rollers (5) and the retaining counter-rollers (52) are carried by an annular frame (51) surrounding the ferrule (3) and that the counter-rollers (52) bear against the on the same circular track (36) as the support rollers (5), at the top of the latter. 6. Convertisseur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que les galets de support (5) et les contre-galets de maintien (54) sont placés dans un châssis (55) coiffant la partie in­férieure de la virole (3) , et que les contre-­galets (54) prennent appui de l'intérieur sur une seconde piste circulaire (37) ménagée sur la face interne (33) de la virole (3).6. Converter according to claim 4, characterized in that the support rollers (5) and the retaining counter-rollers (54) are placed in a frame (55) covering the lower part of the ferrule (3), and that the counter-rollers (54) bear from the inside on a second circular track (37) formed on the internal face (33) of the ferrule (3). 7.Convertisseur selon l'une des revendica­tions 5 et 6,
caractérisé par le fait que les galets (5, 52, 54) et la ou les pistes circulaires (36)(37) ont des formes arrondies respectivement convexe et concave coopérant entre elles pour le maintien latéral de la piste (36)(37) sur les galets (5)(52)(54).7.Converter according to one of claims 5 and 6,
characterized by the fact that the rollers (5, 52, 54) and the circular track (s) (36) (37) have rounded shapes, respectively convex and concave, cooperating with each other for lateral support of the track (36) (37) on the rollers (5) (52) (54). 8.Convertisseur selon l'une des revendica­tions précédentes
caractérisé par le fait que le châssis (51′) portant les galets de support (5′) d'au moins l'une des viroles d'appui (3′) est monté pivotant sur le support fixe correspondant (2′) autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe (15) de basculement de la cuve (1).8.Converter according to one of the preceding claims
characterized in that the frame (51 ′) carrying the support rollers (5 ′) of at least one of the support ferrules (3 ′) is pivotally mounted on the corresponding fixed support (2 ′) around d 'An axis parallel to the axis (15) of tilting of the tank (1). 9.Convertisseur selon l'une des revendica­tions précédentes,
caractérisé par le fait que les moyens (4) de com­mande du basculement comprennent un mécanisme (42, 43) agissant directement sur l'une des viroles d'appui (3) .9.Converter according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by the fact that the means (4) for controlling the tilting comprises a mechanism (42, 43) acting directly on one of the support rings (3). 10.Convertisseur selon la revendication 9,
caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de commande (4) du basculement comprennent un flasque cir­culaire (43) fixé sur sa périphérie sur l'une des viroles d'appui (3) et au centre duquel est fixé un arbre de commande (44) centré sur l'axe de ba­sculement (15) et relié par un mécanisme réducteur (42) à au moins un moteur (41) de commande du bas­culement .10.Converter according to claim 9,
characterized in that the control means (4) for tilting comprises a circular flange (43) fixed on its periphery on one of the support rings (3) and at the center of which is fixed a control shaft (44) centered on the tilting axis (15) and connected by a reduction mechanism (42) to at least one motor (41) for controlling the tilting. 11.Convertisseur selon la revendication 9,
caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de commande (4) du basculement comprennent une couronne dentée (45) ménagée directement le long de l'une des vi­roles d'appui (3) et sur laquelle engrène au moins un pignon (6) entraîné par un moteur de commande de basculement.11.Converter according to claim 9,
characterized by the fact that the control means (4) for tilting comprises a ring gear (45) formed directly along one of the support rings (3) and on which meshes at least one pinion (6) driven by a tilting control motor. 12.Convertisseur selon la revendication 11,
caractérisé par le fait que chaque pignon d'entraînement (6) est monté flottant dans un car­ter (61) muni de moyens de maintien dudit pignon (6) au contact de la couronne dentée (45).12.Converter according to claim 11,
characterized by the fact that each drive pinion (6) is mounted floating in a casing (61) provided with means for holding said pinion (6) in contact with the toothed ring (45). 13.Convertisseur selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens (4) de com­mande du basculement comprennent deux pignons (6) montés chacun dans un carter individuel (61) et placés symétriquement de part et d'autre du plan vertical passant par l'axe de basculement et que les deux carters (61) prennent appui séparément sur une même barre de torsion (64) perpendiculaire au plan vertical de symétrie et sur laquelle sont clavetées deux manivelles (65) reliées chacune à l'un des carters (61) par une bielle (66) arti­culée sur le carter (61) et sur l'extrémité de la manivelle (65).13.Converter according to claim 12, characterized in that the means (4) for controlling the tilting comprise two pinions (6) each mounted in an individual casing (61) and placed symmetrically on either side of the passing vertical plane by the tilting axis and that the two housings (61) bear separately on the same torsion bar (64) perpendicular to the vertical plane of symmetry and on which are keyed two cranks (65) each connected to one of the housings (61) by a connecting rod (66) articulated on the casing (61) and on the end of the crank (65). 14.Convertisseur selon l'une des revendica­tions 9 à 13,
caractérisé par le fait que la virole d'appui (3) reliée au mécanisme de basculement (4) est asso­ciée à des galets fixes (5) (52 ,54) alors que la virole opposée (3′) est associée à des galets (5′)(52′;54′) montés coulissants sur leur châssis (51′) selon la direction de l'axe de basculement (15) de façon à suivre les dilatations de la cuve (1) et des pièces associées à celle-ci.14.Converter according to one of claims 9 to 13,
characterized by the fact that the support ring (3) connected to the tilting mechanism (4) is associated with fixed rollers (5) (52, 54) while the opposite ring (3 ′) is associated with rollers ( 5 ′) (52 ′; 54 ′) slidingly mounted on their chassis (51 ′) in the direction of the tilt axis (15) so as to follow the expansion of the tank (1) and of the parts associated with it this.
EP89400459A 1988-02-19 1989-02-17 Converter for the production of metal Expired - Lifetime EP0329566B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89400459T ATE71983T1 (en) 1988-02-19 1989-02-17 CONVERTER TO CREATE METAL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8802037 1988-02-19
FR8802037A FR2627510B1 (en) 1988-02-19 1988-02-19 METAL PROCESSING CONVERTER

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EP0329566A1 true EP0329566A1 (en) 1989-08-23
EP0329566B1 EP0329566B1 (en) 1992-01-22

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US (1) US4946141A (en)
EP (1) EP0329566B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01272712A (en)
AT (1) ATE71983T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8900696A (en)
DE (1) DE68900730D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2627510B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2663951A1 (en) * 1990-06-28 1992-01-03 Clecim Sa CONVERTER TANK FOR THE PREPARATION OF LIQUID METAL.

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19928195A1 (en) * 1999-06-19 2000-12-21 Sms Demag Ag converter

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LU39684A1 (en) * 1960-01-26 1961-03-24
FR1501288A (en) * 1966-01-11 1967-11-10 Demag Ag Converter or analogous metallurgical vessel
FR1550338A (en) * 1967-11-07 1968-12-20
FR2236943A1 (en) * 1973-07-12 1975-02-07 Voest Ag

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US1123868A (en) * 1913-01-13 1915-01-05 Herbert Haas Converter.
US3144496A (en) * 1960-02-20 1964-08-11 Demag Ag Converter support
US3548678A (en) * 1969-05-14 1970-12-22 Falk Corp Torque absorber for shaft mounted gear drives

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LU39684A1 (en) * 1960-01-26 1961-03-24
FR1501288A (en) * 1966-01-11 1967-11-10 Demag Ag Converter or analogous metallurgical vessel
FR1550338A (en) * 1967-11-07 1968-12-20
FR2236943A1 (en) * 1973-07-12 1975-02-07 Voest Ag

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2663951A1 (en) * 1990-06-28 1992-01-03 Clecim Sa CONVERTER TANK FOR THE PREPARATION OF LIQUID METAL.
WO1992000390A1 (en) * 1990-06-28 1992-01-09 Clecim Converter body for molten metal production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68900730D1 (en) 1992-03-05
US4946141A (en) 1990-08-07
FR2627510A1 (en) 1989-08-25
BR8900696A (en) 1989-10-17
JPH01272712A (en) 1989-10-31
ATE71983T1 (en) 1992-02-15
EP0329566B1 (en) 1992-01-22
FR2627510B1 (en) 1990-08-10

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