EP0323942B1 - Hot water accumulator and process for heating this accumulator - Google Patents
Hot water accumulator and process for heating this accumulator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0323942B1 EP0323942B1 EP19890430001 EP89430001A EP0323942B1 EP 0323942 B1 EP0323942 B1 EP 0323942B1 EP 19890430001 EP19890430001 EP 19890430001 EP 89430001 A EP89430001 A EP 89430001A EP 0323942 B1 EP0323942 B1 EP 0323942B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cistern
- water
- tank
- tap
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/06—Arrangement of mountings or supports for heaters, e.g. boilers, other than space heating radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
- F24H1/181—Construction of the tank
- F24H1/182—Insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
- F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water
- F24H1/52—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water incorporating heat exchangers for domestic water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
- F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
- F24H7/0408—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
- F24H7/0433—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer medium being water
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot water tank and a method of heating said tank.
- the technical sector of the invention is that of devices for the production of hot water from storage tanks and other similar devices.
- the hot water accumulators currently on the market and whatever their capacity have a relatively short lifespan of the order of ten years regardless of the material from which they are made: copper or stainless steel or coatings interiors with which they are fitted: enamel or any other anti-corrosion coating.
- such accumulators are designed to heat a body of water contained in a tank in which is established, during the withdrawal of hot water, a supply of cold water by circulation in the tank, which modifies the pH of water and correlatively leads to degradation by premature corrosion and / or scaling whose corollary is a relatively short lifespan: ten years.
- the hot water draw-off tube which has the function of capturing the water in the upper part of the tank, is disposed inside of it and is at contact with the body of water located at the bottom of said tank, which is tempered by the arrival of cold water admitted to the accumulator. So the hot water drawn from the accumulator is at a lower temperature than that captured at the top due to the heat losses inherent in the crossing of said tube in the body of temperate water.
- the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks
- the objective of the present invention is a hot water production tank made from common materials and therefore a very reasonable cost price but which due to its design can have a useful life of the order three times that of hot water storage tanks currently on the market.
- the hot water tank for the application of said process is characterized in that said outlet pipe passes through the tank at its upper part and extends parallel to the wall of the tank through the heat-insulating layer of the tank. insulated envelope to reach the lower part thereof and by the fact that the probe of said thermostatic means is arranged in a thermowell attached to the part of the cold water inlet pipe located inside tank.
- the hot water outlet pipe which passes through the heat-insulating layer is arranged in an insulating sheath.
- the thermal insulation which surrounds the tank inside the outer envelope is made of expanded polyurethane, and the balloon according to the invention is characterized in that the tank is enveloped by a layer of mineral wool put in the contact with the tank wall.
- Said balloon further comprises between the layer of mineral wool and the expanded polyurethane, a layer of compact felt to perfect the thermal insulation of the tank and protect the expanded polyurethane taking into account the high temperature of the water contained in the tank and which is around 85 ° C.
- this comprises on the one hand a first support of a U-shaped profile comprising holes for the passage of fixing means to said wall and on the other hand of a second support of a U-shaped profile and corresponding to said first support to be connected together by fixing means, which second support is fixed to the tank by at least two metal belts which tightly surround the insulating layer of compact felt which envelops the shell of said tank.
- the result of the invention is a hot water production tank of a new design allowing better thermal efficiency and a longer service life compared to similar devices currently known.
- FIG. 1 of the drawing illustrates an embodiment of a hot water production tank according to the invention.
- This consists of a tank 1 made of black sheet metal and comprising a cylindrical shell la and two domed bottoms, for example elliptical 1c / 1d.
- the two bottoms 1c / 1d are assembled by welding to the ferrule 1.
- Said tank 1 is disposed inside a heat-insulated envelope 2, which consists of a cylindrical part 2a at the ends of which two covers 2b / 2c fit together.
- This envelope is made of thin sheet steel and is covered with a protective coating, for example a paint or an enamel.
- the tank 1 and the casing 2 are coaxial and the convex bottoms 1b / 1c of the tank are situated substantially at the level of the interlockings of the covers 2b / 2c.
- the latter is enveloped by a layer of mineral wool 3 , for example glass or rock wool or quartz wool, which layer of mineral wool is itself covered by a layer of compact insulating felt 4.
- mineral wool 3 for example glass or rock wool or quartz wool
- a heat exchanger 6 Inside the tank 1 is arranged a heat exchanger 6. As illustrated in the drawing, in Figure 1 and in a non-limiting embodiment, said exchanger is made of red copper and takes the form of 'a helical tubular coil which extends over the height of the tank 1 between the two curved bottoms 1b / 1c.
- tank could just as easily receive a heat exchanger adopting any other form: annular, tube bundle or other, etc.
- a section of tube is chosen so that the speed of the water does not exceed 1 to 1.20 m / second.
- the cold water inlet pipe 6a passes through the wall of the lower curved bottom 1c and is bent twice inside the tank so that a part 6b of said pipe extends substantially in the center of the tank 1.
- the turns 6a of the exchanger extend parallel to the wall of the shell 1a at a distance relatively close to the latter to reach its upper part.
- the coil is extended by a hot water outlet pipe 6d, which extends parallel to said curved bottom 1d and crosses it at 7 to extend parallel to the tank 1 but spaced from this until reaching the lower part of the envelope 2 where it passes through the cover 2c of the latter.
- the part of the tubing 6d, which extends from the wall crossing 7 to the cover 2c of the envelope is placed in an insulating sheath made of a plastic material, felt or any other material and is embedded in the expanded polyurethane 5 while possibly being in contact with the layer of compact insulating felt 4 which envelops the tank 1.
- the tubing 6d is disposed in a plastic sheath, itself covered with a strip winding distributed over the length of the tubing and consisting of a thermal insulator made of vacuum metallized polyurethane on a layer of polyethylene foam.
- the tank comprises, at its lower part, a sealed housing, for example cylindrical 8, which opens outside the domed bottom 1c and in which housing is placed an electrical resistance 9 to heat the mass of water contained in the tank and which will be discussed later.
- This housing is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tank.
- This also includes a thermowell 10 which is attached to part 6b of the cold water inlet pipe, which thermowell opens out from the domed bottom 1c and receives the probe 11a from a thermostat. 11 fixed by any known means in a housing 12 located in the lower central part of the casing 2 between the latter and the tank 1.
- Said housing 12 is closed by a removable hatch 13, for example screwed to the cover 2c of the envelope 2.
- thermowell 10 is preferably silver brazed longitudinally on the tube part 6b and as close as possible to the arrival of cold water.
- FIG. 2 partially illustrates the lower part of the balloon according to the invention.
- the identical parts which have just been described with reference to FIG. 1 have been given the same reference signs.
- the means for heating the mass of water contained in the tank are constituted by a tubular heater with helical turns 14, the "outward" 14a and “return” pipes 14b of which are connected known manner to a hot water generator, for example a boiler (not shown) whose burner is started by the thermostat 11.
- a hot water generator for example a boiler (not shown) whose burner is started by the thermostat 11.
- Said heater 14 is placed for example in place of the electrical resistance 9 and its housing 8.
- a heat transfer fluid for example water, is circulated in the tubing of the heater 14 in order to heat the mass of water contained in the tank. It comprises a tube 14c extending outside the upper part of the casing 2 and at the end of which is mounted an automatic air vent.
- the tank 1 further comprises, at its lower part, a cold water filling pipe 15 which opens into the convex bottom 1c, which pipe 15 comprises a tap or a stop valve 16 and, at its upper part, a another expansion pipe 17 of the water contained in the tank, which pipe 17 opens into the convex bottom 1b and extends outside the tank 1 and passes through the cover 2b of the envelope 2.
- This pipe 17 also includes a stopcock or valve 18.
- the tank is perfectly sealed and it is therefore unnecessary to equip it with "head plates” or inspection hatches with which the devices currently on the Market are fitted.
- the upper internal part of the tank 1 can optionally be coated with an anti-rust insulating coating to compensate for the harmful effects of the water vapor created by the heating of the mass of water contained in the tank 1.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawing illustrate new means of fixing the balloon according to the invention to a wall wall.
- first support of a U-shaped profile 19 comprising a part 19a intended to be applied against the wall, which part is pierced with holes 19b for the passage of fixing screws and two wings 19c perpendicular to the part 19a and comprising substantially in their central part a hole 19c1 and a second support 20.
- Said support 20 is complementary to the first support 19 and like the latter, it comprises a part 20a intended to be applied to the layer of compact felt 4 and two wings 20b which comprise, in their central part, a hole 20b1.
- Said supports 19/20 can be identical and in this case, after having fixed the support 19 to the wall, the ball is placed by resting the wings 20b of the support 20 on the upper face of the wings 19c of the support 19. Then we assemble the two supports by means of bolts passed through the holes 19c1 / 20b1 reserved in the wings 19c / 20b.
- said support 20 is applied to the felt layer and the tank and the part 20a of the support 20 are surrounded by circular metallic belts 21, for example two in number.
- said belts 21 are open and have at their free end a return 21a / 21b extending substantially orthogonally to the belt, which returns are drilled in their central part to pass a tightening bolt which ensures the holding of the belt. on the partially insulated tank.
- the envelope has slots for the passage of the wings 20b of the support 20 and the expanded polyurethane is injected into the annular space existing between the insulating coating of compact felt and the envelope 2.
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un ballon de production d'eau chaude et un procédé de mise en chauffe dudit ballon.The present invention relates to a hot water tank and a method of heating said tank.
Le secteur technique de l'invention est celui des appareils pour la production d'eau chaude des ballons à accumulation et autres appareils similaires.The technical sector of the invention is that of devices for the production of hot water from storage tanks and other similar devices.
Les ballons à accumulation sont parfaitement connus. Un tel ballon est décrit dans le brevet FR.A. 577518 lequel comporte un cuve remplie d'eau dans laquelle sont immergés deux serpentins coaxiaux, l'un relié à une chaudière servant au réchauffage de la masse d'eau contenue de la cuve, l'autre empruntant la chaleur de l'eau réchauffée par ledit premier serpentin ayant pour fonction de chauffer l'eau mise en circulation dans l'autre serpentin, lequel est relié au réseau sanitaire.Storage tanks are well known. Such a balloon is described in patent FR.A. 577518 which comprises a tank filled with water in which two coaxial coils are immersed, one connected to a boiler used for heating the body of water contained in the tank, the other using the heat of the water heated by said first coil having the function of heating the water circulated in the other coil, which is connected to the sanitary network.
Les accumulateurs d'eau chaude actuellement sur le marché et quelque soit leur contenance ont une durée de vie relativement courte de l'ordre de dix ans quel que soit le matériau à partir duquel ils sont construits: en cuivre ou en acier inoxydable ou des revêtements intérieurs dont ils sont équipés: émail ou tout autre revêtement anti-corrosion.The hot water accumulators currently on the market and whatever their capacity have a relatively short lifespan of the order of ten years regardless of the material from which they are made: copper or stainless steel or coatings interiors with which they are fitted: enamel or any other anti-corrosion coating.
En effet, de tels accumulateurs sont conçus pour chauffer une masse d'eau contenue dans un réservoir dans lequel s'établit, lors du soutirage de l'eau chaude, un apport d'eau froide par circulation dans la cuve, ce qui modifie le pH de l'eau et corrélativement entraîne des dégradations par corrosion et/ou entartrage prématurés dont le corollaire est une durée de vie relativement courte: une dizaine d'années.Indeed, such accumulators are designed to heat a body of water contained in a tank in which is established, during the withdrawal of hot water, a supply of cold water by circulation in the tank, which modifies the pH of water and correlatively leads to degradation by premature corrosion and / or scaling whose corollary is a relatively short lifespan: ten years.
Un autre inconvénient des accumulateurs d'eau chaude connus est que la tubulure de soutirage de l'eau chaude, qui a pour fonction de capter l'eau dans la partie supérieure du réservoir est disposée à l'intérieur de celui-ci et est au contact de la masse d'eau située à la partie inférieure dudit réservoir, laquelle est tempérée par l'arrivée de l'eau froide admise dans l'accumulateur. Ainsi l'eau chaude soutirée de l'accumulateur l'est à une température moins élevée que celle captée à la partie haute du fait des déperditions calorifiques inhérentes à la traversée dudit tube dans la masse d'eau tempérée.Another drawback of the known hot water accumulators is that the hot water draw-off tube, which has the function of capturing the water in the upper part of the tank, is disposed inside of it and is at contact with the body of water located at the bottom of said tank, which is tempered by the arrival of cold water admitted to the accumulator. So the hot water drawn from the accumulator is at a lower temperature than that captured at the top due to the heat losses inherent in the crossing of said tube in the body of temperate water.
La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénientsThe present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks
L'objectif de la présente invention est un ballon de production d'eau chaude réalisé à partir de matériaux communs et donc d'un prix de revient très raisonnable mais qui du fait de sa conception peut avoir une durée d'utilisation de l'ordre de trois fois supérieure à celle des accumulateurs d'eau chaude actuellement commercialisés.The objective of the present invention is a hot water production tank made from common materials and therefore a very reasonable cost price but which due to its design can have a useful life of the order three times that of hot water storage tanks currently on the market.
Cet objectif est atteint par le procédé de mise en chauffe d'un ballon de production d'eau chaude selon l'invention comprenant une cuve métallique disposée à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe calorifugée et comportant un échangeur de chaleur situé à l'intérieur de la cuve et immergé dans l'eau contenu par celle-ci, laquelle est élevée en température par des moyens de chauffe par des moyens thermostatiques, lequel échangeur comporte une tubulure d'entrée d'eau froide qui pénètre à la partie inférieure de la cuve et une tubulure de sortie de l'eau chaude qui s'étend parallèlement à la paroi de la cuve pour atteindre la partie inférieure de celle-ci laquelle comporte à sa partie inférieure une tubulure sur laquelle est disposée un robinet ou une vanne de remplissage susceptible d'être condamné et à sa partie supérieure une tubulure sur laquelle est disposé un robinet ou une vanne d'expansion susceptible d'être condamné caractérisé en ce que:
- ― on ouvre le robinet ou la vanne de la tubulure d'expansion;
- ― on ouvre le robinet ou la vanne de remplissage et on remplit la cuve jusqu'à ce que l'eau s'écoule par ledit robinet ou ladite vanne d'expansion et l'on ferme et on condamne définitivement le robinet ou la vanne de remplissage;
- ― on remplit l'échangeur jusqu'à ce que l'eau s'écoule par la tubulure de sortie et on maintient l'échangeur plein d'eau;
- ― on met en chauffe l'eau contenue dans la cuve jusqu'à ce que sa température atteigne environ 85°C;
- ― et on laisse s'écouler par le robinet ou la vanne d'expansion l'eau excédentaire issue de la dilation consécutive à la chauffe de l'eau contenue dans la cuve, on évacue cette eau et on ferme et condamne définitivement le robinet ou la vanne d'expansion.
- - the tap or the valve of the expansion pipe is opened;
- - the tap or the filling valve is opened and the tank is filled until the water flows through said tap or said expansion valve and the tap or valve is closed and definitively closed filling;
- - the exchanger is filled until the water flows through the outlet pipe and the exchanger is kept full of water;
- - the water contained in the tank is heated until its temperature reaches approximately 85 ° C;
- - and the excess water resulting from the expansion following the heating of the water contained in the tank is allowed to flow through the tap or the expansion valve, this water is discharged and the tap is closed and definitively closed or the expansion valve.
Le ballon de production d'eau chaude pour l'application dudit procédé se caractérise par le fait que ladite tubulure de sortie traverse la cuve à sa partie supérieure et s'étend parallèlement à la paroi de la cuve à travers la couche de calorifuge de l'enveloppe calorifugée pour atteindre la partie inférieure de celle-ci et par le fait que la sonde desdits moyens thermostatiques est disposée dans un doigt de gant accolé à la partie de la tubulure d'entrée de l'eau froide située à l'intérieur de la cuve.The hot water tank for the application of said process is characterized in that said outlet pipe passes through the tank at its upper part and extends parallel to the wall of the tank through the heat-insulating layer of the tank. insulated envelope to reach the lower part thereof and by the fact that the probe of said thermostatic means is arranged in a thermowell attached to the part of the cold water inlet pipe located inside tank.
La tubulure de sortie de l'eau chaude qui traverse la couche de calorifuge est disposée dans une gaine isolante.The hot water outlet pipe which passes through the heat-insulating layer is arranged in an insulating sheath.
De façon connue, le calorifuge qui entoure la cuve à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe extérieure se compose de polyuréthanne expansé, et le ballon selon l'invention se caractérise par le fait que la cuve est enveloppée par une couche de laine minérale mise au contact de la paroi de la cuve.In known manner, the thermal insulation which surrounds the tank inside the outer envelope is made of expanded polyurethane, and the balloon according to the invention is characterized in that the tank is enveloped by a layer of mineral wool put in the contact with the tank wall.
Ledit ballon comporte en outre entre la couche de laine minérale et le polyuréthanne expansé, une couche de feutre compact pour parfaire l'isolation thermique de la cuve et protéger le polyuréthanne expansé compte tenu de la forte température de l'eau contenue dans la cuve et qui est de l'ordre de 85°C.Said balloon further comprises between the layer of mineral wool and the expanded polyurethane, a layer of compact felt to perfect the thermal insulation of the tank and protect the expanded polyurethane taking into account the high temperature of the water contained in the tank and which is around 85 ° C.
Pour fixer le ballon à une paroi murale celui-ci comporte d'une part un premier support d'un profil en forme de U comportant des trous pour le passage de moyens de fixation à ladite paroi et d'autre part d'un second support d'un profil en forme de U et correspondant audit premier support pour être reliés ensemble par des moyens de fixation, lequel second support est fixé à la cuve par au moins deux ceintures métalliques qui entourent étroitement la couche isolante de feutre compact qui enveloppe la virole de ladite cuve.To fix the balloon to a wall, this comprises on the one hand a first support of a U-shaped profile comprising holes for the passage of fixing means to said wall and on the other hand of a second support of a U-shaped profile and corresponding to said first support to be connected together by fixing means, which second support is fixed to the tank by at least two metal belts which tightly surround the insulating layer of compact felt which envelops the shell of said tank.
Le résultat de l'invention est un ballon de production d'eau chaude d'une conception nouvelle permettant un meilleur rendement thermique et d'une durée d'utilisation accrue par rapport aux appareils similaires actuellement connus.The result of the invention is a hot water production tank of a new design allowing better thermal efficiency and a longer service life compared to similar devices currently known.
Les avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode d'exécution d'un ballon d'eau chaude et de son procédé de mise en chauffe, donnés à titre d' exemples en référence au dessin annexé sur lequel:
- ― la figure 1 est une vue en coupe diamétrale d'un ballon de production d'eau chaude selon l'invention; les accessoires tels que mélangeur thermostatique, clapet de décharge etc.... ne sont pas représentés;
- ― la figure 2 est une vue en coupe partielle du ballon de la figure 1 illustrant la partie inférieure du ballon et dont les moyens de chauffe de l'eau contenue dans la cuve sont constitués par un réchauffeur tubulaire;
- ― la figure 3 est une vue en coupe transversale suivant la ligne III III de la figure 1 du ballon selon l'invention et dans laquelle l'échangeur et les moyens de chauffe ne sont pas représentés;
- ― la figure 4 est une vue en perspective partielle de la cuve qui compose le ballon de la figure 1 et des moyens de fixation dudit ballon à une paroi murale.
- - Figure 1 is a diametrical sectional view of a hot water tank according to the invention; accessories such as thermostatic mixer, relief valve, etc. are not shown;
- - Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the balloon of Figure 1 illustrating the lower part of the balloon and the means for heating the water contained in the tank are constituted by a tubular heater;
- - Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line III III of Figure 1 of the tank according to the invention and in which the exchanger and the heating means are not shown;
- - Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of the tank which composes the balloon of Figure 1 and means for fixing said balloon to a wall wall.
On se reporte d'abord à la figure 1 du dessin qui illustre un mode de réalisation d'un ballon de production d'eau chaude selon l'invention.Reference is first made to FIG. 1 of the drawing which illustrates an embodiment of a hot water production tank according to the invention.
Celui-ci se compose d'une cuve 1 réalisée en tôle noire et comportant une virole cylindrique la et deux fonds bombés par exemple elliptiques 1c/1d. Les deux fonds 1c/1d sont assemblés par soudure à la virole 1.This consists of a tank 1 made of black sheet metal and comprising a cylindrical shell la and two domed bottoms, for example elliptical 1c / 1d. The two
Ladite cuve 1 est disposée à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe calorifugée 2, laquelle se compose d'une partie cylindrique 2a aux extrémités de laquelle s'emboîtent deux couvercles 2b/2c. Cette enveloppe est réalisée en tôle d'acier mince et est recouverte d'un revêtement protecteur par exemple une peinture ou encore un émail.Said tank 1 is disposed inside a heat-insulated
La cuve 1 et l'enveloppe 2 sont coaxiales et les fonds bombés 1b/1c de la cuve se situent sensiblement au niveau des emboîtements des couvercles 2b/2c.The tank 1 and the
Pour éviter la détérioration partielle du polyuréthane expansé, dont il sera question plus loin dans la présente description, du fait de la relative haute température de l'eau contenue dans la cuve 1 de l'ordre de 85°C, celle-ci est enveloppée par une couche de laine minérale 3, par exemple de la laine de verre ou de roche ou de quartz, laquelle couche de laine minérale est elle-même recouverte par une couche de feutre compact isolant 4.To avoid partial deterioration of the polyurethane expanded, which will be discussed later in this description, due to the relative high temperature of the water contained in the tank 1 of the order of 85 ° C., the latter is enveloped by a layer of
Ensuite et de façon connue, le vide existant entre le feutre 4 et l'enveloppe 2 est comblé par du polyuréthane expansé 5. Ce complexe isolant assure une excellente isolation thermique du ballon, ce qui garantit, à ce niveau, une économie d'énergie non négligeable.Then and in a known manner, the vacuum existing between the
A l'intérieur de la cuve 1 est disposé un échangeur thermique 6. Tel que cela est illustré sur le dessin, à la figure 1 et dans un mode d'exécution non limitatif, ledit échangeur est réalisé en cuivre rouge et adopte la forme d'un serpentin tubulaire hélicoïdal qui s'étend sur la hauteur de la cuve 1 entre les deux fonds bombés 1b/1c.Inside the tank 1 is arranged a
On notera que la cuve pourrait tout aussi bien recevoir un échangeur adoptant toute autre forme: annulaire, à faisceau de tubes ou autres, etc....Note that the tank could just as easily receive a heat exchanger adopting any other form: annular, tube bundle or other, etc.
Dans le cas d'un échangeur tubulaire, on choisit une section de tube de telle sorte que la vitesse de l'eau ne dépasse pas 1 à 1,20 m/seconde.In the case of a tubular exchanger, a section of tube is chosen so that the speed of the water does not exceed 1 to 1.20 m / second.
La tubulure d'entrée d'eau froide 6a traverse la paroi du fond bombé inférieur 1c et est coudée deux fois à l'intérieur de la cuve de telle sorte qu'une partie 6b de ladite tubulure s'étende sensiblement au centre de la cuve 1. Les spires 6a de l'échangeur s'étendent parallèlement à la paroi de la virole 1a à une distance relativement proche de celle-ci pour atteindre sa partie supérieure. Dans le fond bombé supérieur 1b, le serpentin se prolonge par une tubulure de sortie de l'eau chaude 6d, laquelle s'étend parallèlement audit fond bombé 1d et traverse celui-ci en 7 pour se prolonger parallèlement à la cuve 1 mais écartée de celle-ci jusqu'à atteindre la partie inférieure de l'enveloppe 2 où elle traverse le couvercle 2c de cette dernière. La partie de la tubulure 6d, qui s'étend de la traversée de paroi 7 au couvercle 2c de l'enveloppe est placée dans une gaine isolante en un matériau plastique, en feutre ou en tout autre matière et est noyée dans le polyuréthane expansé 5 tout en étant éventuellement au contact de la couche de feutre compact isolant 4 qui enveloppe la cuve 1.The cold
Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, la tubulure 6d est disposée dans une gaine en matière plastique, elle-même recouverte d'un enroulement de bande répartie sur la longueur de la tubulure et constitué d'un isolant thermique en polyuréthane métallisé sous vide sur une couche de mousse alvéolaire en polyéthylène.According to a preferred embodiment, the
La cuve comporte, à sa partie inférieure, un logement étanche, par exemple cylindrique 8, qui débouche à l'extérieur du fond bombé 1c et dans lequel logement est placée une résistance électrique 9 pour chauffer la masse d'eau contenue dans la cuve et dont il sera question plus loin. Ce logement est parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de la cuve. Celle-ci comporte également un doigt de gant 10 qui est accolé à la partie 6b de la tubulure d'entrée d'eau froide, lequel doigt de gant débouche à l'extérieur du fond bombé 1c et reçoit la sonde 11a d'un thermostat 11 fixé par tous moyens connus dans un logement 12 situé dans la partie centrale inférieure de l'enveloppe 2 entre celle-ci et la cuve 1.The tank comprises, at its lower part, a sealed housing, for example cylindrical 8, which opens outside the
Ledit logement 12 est fermé par une trappe démontable 13, par exemple vissée au couvercle 2c de l'enveloppe 2.Said
Le doigt de gant 10 est de préférence brasé à l'argent longitudinalement sur la partie de tube 6b et le plus près possible de l'arrivée de l'eau froide.The thermowell 10 is preferably silver brazed longitudinally on the
Cette disposition favorise le refroidissement de la sonde 11a du thermostat 11, lequel déclenche la mise en chauffe de la résistance 9.This arrangement promotes the cooling of the probe 11a of the
La figure 2 illustre partiellement la partie inférieure du ballon selon l'invention. Les parties identiques qui viennent d'être décrites en référence à la figure 1 ont été affectées des mêmes signes de référence.Figure 2 partially illustrates the lower part of the balloon according to the invention. The identical parts which have just been described with reference to FIG. 1 have been given the same reference signs.
Dans le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 2, les moyens de chauffe de la masse d'eau contenue dans la cuve sont constitués par un réchauffeur tubulaire à spires hélicoïdales 14 dont les tubulures "aller" 14a et "retour" 14b sont connectées de façon connue à un générateur d'eau chaude, par exemple une chaudière (non représentée) dont le brûleur est mis en marche par le thermostat 11.In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the means for heating the mass of water contained in the tank are constituted by a tubular heater with
Ledit réchauffeur 14 est disposé par exemple à la place de la résistance électrique 9 et de son logement 8. Un fluide caloporteur par exemple de l'eau, est mis en circulation dans la tubulure du réchauffeur 14 en vue de réchauffer la masse d'eau contenue dans la cuve. Il comporte une tubulure 14c s'étendant à l'extérieur de la partie supérieure de l'enveloppe 2 et à l'extrémité de laquelle est monté un purgeur automatique.Said
On revient à la figure 1 du dessin.We return to Figure 1 of the drawing.
La cuve 1 comporte, en outre, à sa partie inférieure, une tubulure de remplissage en eau froide 15 qui débouche dans le fond bombé 1c, laquelle tubulure 15 comporte un robinet ou une vanne d'arrêt 16 et, à sa partie supérieure, une autre tubulure d'expansion 17 de l'eau contenue dans la cuve, laquelle tubulure 17 débouche dans le fond bombé 1b et s'étend à l'extérieur de la cuve 1 et traverse le couvercle 2b de l'enveloppe 2. Cette tubulure 17 comporte également un robinet ou une vanne d'arrêt 18.The tank 1 further comprises, at its lower part, a cold
Du fait que toutes les tubulures et autres accessoires tels que le logement 8 ou le doigt de gant 10 sont brasés sur les fonds bombés 1b ou 1c, la cuve est parfaitement étanche et il est ainsi inutile de l' équiper de "plaques de tête" ou trappes de visites dont sont équipés les appareils actuellement sur le Marché.Because all the pipes and other accessories such as the
La partie interne supérieure de la cuve 1 peut éventuellement être enduite d'un revêtement isolant antirouille pour pallier aux méfaits de la vapeur d'eau créée par la chauffe de la masse d'eau contenue dans la cuve 1.The upper internal part of the tank 1 can optionally be coated with an anti-rust insulating coating to compensate for the harmful effects of the water vapor created by the heating of the mass of water contained in the tank 1.
Pour la mise en chauffe du ballon selon l'invention et lors de l'installation de celui-ci, opération qui n'est effectuée en principe qu'une seule fois, on procède de la façon suivante:
- ― On ouvre le robinet 18 de la tubulure d'expansion 17 pour créer un évent à la partie supérieure de la cuve.
- ― On ouvre le robinet ou la vanne 16 de la tubulure d'arrivée d'eau froide 15, située à la partie inférieure de la cuve et on remplit la cuve 1 jusqu'à ce que l'eau s'écoule de la tubulure d'expansion 17 de manière à chasser en totalité l'air contenu dans la cuve et on ferme et on condamne définitivement le robinet ou la vanne de remplissage 16.
- ― On remplit l'échangeur 6 jusqu'à ce que l'eau coule par la tubulure de sortie d'
eau chaude 6d et on maintient l' échangeur plein d'eau. - ― On met en chauffe l'eau contenue dans la cuve 1 en mettant en marche les moyens de chauffe 9
ou 14 jusqu'à ce que la température atteigne environ 85°C, - ― et on laisse s'écouler par la tubulure d'expansion 17 l'eau excédentaire issue de la dilatation consécutive à la chauffe de l'eau contenue dans la cuve et on évacue cette eau soit dans un récipient ou à l'égout et on ferme et condamne définitivement le robinet ou la vanne 18.
- - The
tap 18 of theexpansion pipe 17 is opened to create a vent at the top of the tank. - - The tap or
valve 16 of the coldwater inlet pipe 15, located at the bottom of the tank, is opened and the tank 1 is filled until the water flows from thepipe d expansion 17 so as to completely expel the air contained in the tank and the tap or fillingvalve 16 is closed and definitively condemned. - - The
exchanger 6 is filled until the water flows through the hotwater outlet pipe 6d and the exchanger is kept full of water. - - The water contained in the tank 1 is heated by switching on the heating means 9 or 14 until the temperature reaches approximately 85 ° C.,
- - And the excess water from the expansion following the heating of the water contained in the tank is allowed to flow through the
expansion tube 17 and this water is discharged either in a container or in the sewer and closes and definitively locks thetap 18.
Pour condamner les robinets ou vannes 16/18, on démonte leur croisillon ou leur volant et on coule une cire, par exemple de la cire à cacheter autour de l'axe de commande du robinet ou de la vanne pour réaliser la liaison de la tige du presse-étoupe et du corps du robinet ou de la vanne.To lock the taps or
On notera que selon l'invention c'est l'eau qui a été introduite dans la cuve lors de la première mise en chauffe qui reste à demeure dans la cuve sans jamais devoir y ajouter ou y extraire la plus petite quantité d'eau.It will be noted that according to the invention it is the water which has been introduced into the tank during the first heating up which remains permanently in the tank without ever having to add or extract the smallest amount of water therein.
C'est compte tenu de cette conception qu'il a été possible de réaliser la cuve en tôle noire du fait des risques pratiquement inexistants de corrosion et d'entartrage. A cet effet, il n'est pas utile d'équiper le ballon selon l'invention d'une protection anodique.It is in view of this design that it was possible to make the tank out of black sheet metal because of the practically non-existent risks of corrosion and scaling. To this end, it is not useful to equip the balloon according to the invention with anodic protection.
Bien entendu, la condition essentielle d'un bon fonctionnement du ballon selon l'invention est que celui-ci soit doté de moyens efficaces pour la régulation de la température de l'eau sans que celle-ci ne dépasse 85°C. Le ballon est ainsi équipé de tous les appareils de sécurité tels que soupape de décharge et d'un mélangeur thermostatique, lequel a notamment pour effet très important:
- ― d'éviter les accidents provoqués par les brûlures d'eau trop chaude,
- ― de réaliser des économies d'énergie,
- ― de permettre un gain de temps du fait de n'avoir plus à chercher la température de l'eau chaude supportable,
- ― de faire des économies d'eau.
- - avoid accidents caused by hot water burns,
- - to save energy,
- - to save time by no longer having to search for the temperature of the bearable hot water,
- - to save water.
On se reporte enfin aux figures 3 et 4 du dessin qui illustrent de nouveaux moyens de fixation du ballon selon l'invention à une paroi murale. Ces moyens présentent l'avantage d'éviter les ponts thermiques et d'assurer une bonne isolation thermique de la cuve.Finally, reference is made to FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawing which illustrate new means of fixing the balloon according to the invention to a wall wall. These means have the advantage of avoiding thermal bridges and ensuring good thermal insulation of the tank.
Ils se composent d'un premier support d'un profil en U 19 comportant une partie 19a destinée à être appliquée contre la paroi murale, laquelle partie est percée de trous 19b pour le passage de vis de fixation et de deux ailes 19c perpendiculaires à la partie 19a et comportant sensiblement dans leur partie centrale un trou 19c₁ et d'un second support 20.They consist of a first support of a
Ledit support 20 est complémentaire au premier support 19 et comme celui-ci, il comporte une partie 20a destinée à être appliquée sur la couche de feutre compact 4 et de deux ailes 20b qui comportent, dans leur partie centrale, un trou 20b₁.Said
Lesdits supports 19/20 peuvent être identiques et dans ce cas, après avoir fixé au mur le support 19, on dispose le ballon en mettant en appui les ailes 20b du support 20 sur la face supérieure des ailes 19c du support 19. On assemble ensuite les deux supports au moyen de boulons passés dans les trous 19c₁/20b₁ réservés dans les ailes 19c/20b.Said supports 19/20 can be identical and in this case, after having fixed the
Pour fixer le support 20 à la cuve recouverte des deux couches isolantes: la laine minérale 3 et le feutre comptact 4; on applique ledit support 20 sur la couche de feutre et on entoure la cuve et la partie 20a du support 20 par des ceintures métalliques circulaires 21, par exemple au nombre de deux. De façon connue lesdites ceintures 21 sont ouvertes et comportent à leur extrémité libre un retour 21a/21b s'étendant sensiblement orthogonalement à la ceinture, lesquels retours sont percés dans leur partie centrale pour y passer un boulon de serrage qui assure la tenue de la ceinture sur la cuve en partie calorifugée.To fix the
L'enveloppe comporte des fentes pour le passage des ailes 20b du support 20 et le polyuréthane expansé est injecté dans l'espace annulaire existant entre le revêtement isolant en feutre compact et l'enveloppe 2.The envelope has slots for the passage of the
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8800235A FR2625798B1 (en) | 1988-01-08 | 1988-01-08 | BALLOON FOR PRODUCING HOT WATER AND METHOD FOR HEATING SAID BALLOON |
FR8800235 | 1988-01-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0323942A1 EP0323942A1 (en) | 1989-07-12 |
EP0323942B1 true EP0323942B1 (en) | 1991-10-09 |
Family
ID=9362202
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19890430001 Expired - Lifetime EP0323942B1 (en) | 1988-01-08 | 1989-01-05 | Hot water accumulator and process for heating this accumulator |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0323942B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE68900300D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2025853T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2625798B1 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3003470T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6198879B1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2001-03-06 | Howard Harris Builders, Inc. | Sensor block and automatic fill valve for water heater with immersed copper fluid coil |
US6577817B2 (en) | 2001-07-03 | 2003-06-10 | Howard Harris Builder | Water heater |
NL2000107C2 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-18 | Solesta B V I O | Liquid container for heating tap water. |
ITPA20080020A1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-02-12 | Marco Salvatore Anemone | ELECTRIC WATER HEATER WITH "FIXED ACCUMULATION" (ADAPTABLE TO GAS) WITH SERPENTINE (SNAKE) IN COPPER OF THE TUBULAR TYPE OR A BOX CONTINUOUS PARALLELEPIPEDOID. |
WO2012000001A2 (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2012-01-05 | Psw Systems Ag | Reservoir |
CN102878680B (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-07-30 | 广东志高空调有限公司 | Water tank capable of feeding and discharging simultaneously |
FR3040204A1 (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2017-02-24 | Lm-O | MOBILE HOT WATER PRODUCTION DEVICE, AND HOT WATER DISTRIBUTION APPARATUS FOR CONNECTING TO THE DEVICE |
CN105157221A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-16 | 白峻光 | Full-fuel cyclone furnace |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR577518A (en) * | 1923-03-31 | 1924-09-06 | Improvements applied to boilers for central heating or other | |
DE944389C (en) * | 1943-06-29 | 1956-06-14 | Aeg | Electric rapid heater for flowing media |
CH238297A (en) * | 1944-04-17 | 1945-07-15 | Mauron Robert | Water heater. |
DE1545820A1 (en) * | 1965-06-03 | 1969-12-11 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the preparation of 3,1-benzothiazine derivatives |
BE791159A (en) * | 1972-01-03 | 1973-05-09 | Beecham Group Ltd | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF CEPHEMES |
JPS5950903B2 (en) * | 1982-09-17 | 1984-12-11 | 隆 宮川 | Heat exchanger |
-
1988
- 1988-01-08 FR FR8800235A patent/FR2625798B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-01-05 EP EP19890430001 patent/EP0323942B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-05 DE DE8989430001T patent/DE68900300D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-05 ES ES89430001T patent/ES2025853T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-12-30 GR GR91402201T patent/GR3003470T3/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GR3003470T3 (en) | 1993-02-17 |
FR2625798B1 (en) | 1990-07-06 |
FR2625798A1 (en) | 1989-07-13 |
DE68900300D1 (en) | 1991-11-14 |
EP0323942A1 (en) | 1989-07-12 |
ES2025853T3 (en) | 1992-04-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0323942B1 (en) | Hot water accumulator and process for heating this accumulator | |
CA1239849A (en) | Protection device against freeze-up of storing or routing installations for freezable liquids, especially water | |
EP0192506B1 (en) | Fluid heater, especially a sanitary hot water storage heater | |
EP0493210B1 (en) | Solar water heating and apparatus for cooling and airconditioning or sea-water desalination | |
CA1165704A (en) | Flexible tubing usable for the transfer of high temperature and/or high pressure fluids, and conduits comprised of said tubing | |
FR2826436A1 (en) | Heat or cold exchanger has outer tank which encloses metal tube with polymeric sheath arranged as double helix after a hairpin bend has been made and is welded to polymeric tank entry flange | |
EP0148695A2 (en) | Solar water heater with a direct water passage and process for its manufacture | |
FR2709808A1 (en) | High pressure gas storage tank and installation for storage and supply of high pressure gas. | |
FR2669717A1 (en) | Sanitary water heating by recovery from waste water | |
FR2476286A1 (en) | APPARATUS USING SOLAR HEAT TO HEAT WATER AND KEEP IT IN HOT STORAGE | |
FR2494830A1 (en) | Shell and tube heat exchanger using tubes of plastic - each formed in coils overlapping those of its neighbour(s) | |
EP2045543B1 (en) | Boiler with smoke pipes | |
FR2686408A1 (en) | HEAT EXCHANGER USED FOR HEATING A SECONDARY FLUID SUCH AS POOL WATER OR SEA WATER. | |
FR2537250A1 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HEATING LIQUIDS | |
FR3092642A1 (en) | Thermal insulation element and assembly comprising such an element | |
FR2553181A1 (en) | DEVICE FOR THERMAL STORAGE FROM TWO ENERGY SOURCES, AND INSTALLATION USING SUCH A DEVICE | |
FR2512525A1 (en) | Submerged-fire-tube water boiler - has combustion gas-to-water contra-flow coil with integral burner | |
FR2557955A1 (en) | THERMALLY INSULATED FLUID TRANSPORT LINE | |
FR2578878A1 (en) | Heatable water delivery unit for open stables with water supply pipe | |
FR2575544A1 (en) | Electric water heater | |
FR2566101A1 (en) | Electrical water heater | |
EP0090743B1 (en) | Protection device against heat and radiation for an intermediate heat exchanger immersed inside the vessel of a nuclear reactor | |
FR2476296A1 (en) | Water heater heat exchanger - has heating medium flowing through tube inside insulated open-ended water tube within water reservoir | |
FR2477670A1 (en) | Insulation for spheres or pipes - has glass fibre layer with tiles and intermediate foam filling | |
FR2621992A1 (en) | Electric heating appliance for circulating liquid, particularly for swimming pool water |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BE CH DE ES GB GR IT LI LU |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19890911 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19901109 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE CH DE ES GB GR IT LI LU |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 68900300 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19911114 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A. |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2025853 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GR Ref legal event code: FG4A Free format text: 3003470 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Payment date: 19921230 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19921230 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19930114 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 19930120 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Payment date: 19930122 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19930125 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19930211 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
EPTA | Lu: last paid annual fee | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19940105 Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19940105 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19940107 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19940131 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19940131 Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19940131 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: PEREZ BENOIT Effective date: 19940131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 19940731 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19940105 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19941001 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GR Ref legal event code: MM2A Free format text: 3003470 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 19990301 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050105 |