EP0323484A1 - Liner for a warhead - Google Patents

Liner for a warhead

Info

Publication number
EP0323484A1
EP0323484A1 EP88902446A EP88902446A EP0323484A1 EP 0323484 A1 EP0323484 A1 EP 0323484A1 EP 88902446 A EP88902446 A EP 88902446A EP 88902446 A EP88902446 A EP 88902446A EP 0323484 A1 EP0323484 A1 EP 0323484A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insert
area
around
projectile
speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88902446A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0323484B1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Rittel
Torsten Niemeyer
Peter Tripptrap
Jürgen BÖCKER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0323484A1 publication Critical patent/EP0323484A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0323484B1 publication Critical patent/EP0323484B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an insert for a warhead, the Art ⁇ defined in the preamble of claim 1
  • a warhead with an insert is known from US Pat. No. 4,356,770, which is designed as a spherical cap.
  • This spherical cap creates an essentially rod-shaped projectile through explosive deformation, but due to its aerodynamically unfavorable shape it has unstable flight behavior, a high drop in speed and consequently an insufficient end ballistic performance.
  • the high level of wi n d i g ke i t s a b f a l l is essentially caused by the hemispherical shape of the top of the projectile.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an insert for a warhead which, by means of explosive deformation, enables the production of a projectile with increased end-ballistic performance even with explosive explosives.
  • a pointed projectile nose should be created so that the target speed is raised.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a conventional warhead with an insert and a projectile produced by explosive shaping from the insert.
  • Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of an insert according to the invention, with the projectile generated by explosive forming from the insert and
  • Fig. 4 shows another insert according to the invention with a conical central region.
  • FIG. 1 shows an essentially cave-shaped battle cap 10, in the housing 11 of which an explosive charge 13 activated by an igniter 12 is arranged.
  • the explosive charge 13 is delimited on one side by a dome-shaped insert 14, from which a projectile can be formed by explosive forging.
  • the insert 14 has the shape of a spherical cap.
  • the projectile shown schematically in FIG. 1 at 15 can be produced from such an insert by the explosive shaping after ignition of the explosive charge 13. Such projectiles have a sharp drop in speed, which is due to the aerodynamically unfavorable shape of the tip of the projectile 15.
  • the insert 14 creates a projectile 15 with a tip in the shape of a hemisphere.
  • FIG. 2 shows an insert 20 which, apart from a central area 22, essentially corresponds to the insert 14 (FIG. 1). In the area 22 around the center of the insert, the insert has a greater convex curvature in the direction of the explosive 13 (FIG. 1) than outside the area 22.
  • the geometric change in the area 22 of the insert can have any shape (linear, square, S-shaped, etc.) such that the radial pressure components pr at the edge of the area 22 are larger than the radial pressure components p'r within this area outside of area 22 but also in the immediate vicinity of this area.
  • the height ⁇ x of the curvature and the diameter d of the area 22 up to which the geometric change is carried out depend on the explosive used and the insert material and must each be determined experimentally.
  • the maximum diameter d of the area 22 is approximately 10 to 25% of the diameter D of the insert 20 and the height 4 x of the curvature (indentation) must be less than 15% in this area. the height of the curvature of the insert 20.
  • the wall thickness s of the insert within the area around the insert center can be selected to be at least in a partial area smaller than the wall thickness of the insert outside of the said area. A corresponding exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the deposit was made at 40 and through at 50
  • the area 42 around the insert center corresponds to the area 22 in FIG. 2.
  • the insert geometry is changed in a partial area 43 such that the corresponding diameter s is smaller than the diameter S of the insert outside the area 42.
  • the remaining one Wall thickness of the insert in area 43 must, however, be selected so that the insert does not burst in the case of particularly explosive explosives.
  • the insert in the area around the insert center can also have a linear (i.e. conical) course. This is shown in Fig. 4. 60 was the insert, 61 the area in which the insert 60 has a conical terlauf 62.

Abstract

Bei bekannten Gefechtskopfeinlagen (14) erfolgt durch Explosionsumformung eine Erzeugung von Projektilen (15) mit stark abgeflachtem Bugteil. Dadurch ist der Geschwindigkeitsabfall derartiger Projektile (15) relativ groß und die Zielgeschwindigkeit in der Regel zu gering. Um den Geschwindigkeitsabfall zu verringern, wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Einlage (20) innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Berei­ ches (22) um das Einlagenzentrum herum eine stärkere Einbuchtung in Richtung des für die Explosionsumformung benö­ tigten Sprengstoffes (13) aufweist als außerhalb aber in unmittelbarer Umgebung dieses Bereiches (22). Durch diese Maß­ nahme wird erreicht, daß das Projektil (30) eine ogivale Projektilnase mit gleichzeitig verringertem Nasendurchmesser erhält. With known warhead inserts (14) explosion formation leads to the production of projectiles (15) with a strongly flattened front part. This is the speed drop of such projectiles (15) is relatively large and the target speed is usually too low. Around To reduce the speed drop, it is proposed that the insert (20) within a predetermined range ches (22) around the deposit center around a stronger indentation in the direction of the for the Explosionformung needed taken explosives (13) as outside but in the immediate vicinity of this area (22). By that measure It is achieved that the projectile (30) has an ogival projectile nose with a simultaneously reduced nose diameter receives.

AbstractAbstract

In known warhead liners (14), projec­ tiles (15) with extremely flattened noses are produced as a result of explosion deformation. In consequence, the speed of such projectiles (15) is drastically reduced and the target speed is generally too low. To diminish the reduction in speed, the lining (20) has, inside a predeter­ mined area (22) around the centre of the lin­ ing, a deeper indentation in the direction of the explosive (13) required for the explosion deformation than outside but in the immediate vicinity of this area (22). This measure makes it possible to achieve a projectile (30) with an ogival nose of smaller diameter. In known warhead liners (14), projec tiles (15) with extremely flattened noses are produced as a result of explosion deformation. In consequence, the speed of such projectiles (15) is drastically reduced and the target speed is generally too low. To diminish the reduction in speed, the lining (20) has, inside a predeter mined area (22) around the center of the lin ing, a deeper identification in the direction of the explosive (13) required for the explosion deformation than outside but in the immediate vicinity of this area (22). This measure makes it possible to achieve a projectile (30) with an ogival nose of smaller diameter.

Description

Einlage für einen Gefechtskopf Warhead insert
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einlage für einen Gefechtskopf, der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 definierten Art¬The invention relates to an insert for a warhead, the Art¬ defined in the preamble of claim 1
Aus der US-PS 4,356,770 ist ein Gefechtskopf mit e i ne r Einlage bekannt, die als Kugelkalotte ausgebildet ist. Durch Explosivumformung entsteht aus dieser Kugelkalotte ein im wesentlichen stabförmiges Projektil, das jedoch aufgrund seiner aerodynamisch ungünstigen Form ein instabiles Flugverhalten, einen hohen Geschwindigkeitsabfall und demzufolge eine ungenügende endballistische Leistung aufweist. Der hohe Ge s c h wi n d i g ke i t s a b f a l l wird im wesentlichen durch die halbkugelförmige Gestalt der Geschoßspitze verursacht.A warhead with an insert is known from US Pat. No. 4,356,770, which is designed as a spherical cap. This spherical cap creates an essentially rod-shaped projectile through explosive deformation, but due to its aerodynamically unfavorable shape it has unstable flight behavior, a high drop in speed and consequently an insufficient end ballistic performance. The high level of wi n d i g ke i t s a b f a l l is essentially caused by the hemispherical shape of the top of the projectile.
Aus der nicht veröffentlichten DE-PatentanmeldüngFrom the unpublished DE patent application
P 35 29 405.1 ist bereits die Einlage eines Gefechtskopfes bekannt, mit der eine ogivale Spitze des Projektiles durch Modi fikationen der Einlagenmitte erzielt werden kann, allerdings haben sich in der Praxis Schwie¬rigkeiten bei Verwendung mit sehr brisantem Sprengstoff ergeben, weil die Anwendung der vorstehend erwähnten Anmeldung zu einer Hohlprojektilnase führt, die unter Verwendung VCD brisantem Sprengstoff aufplatzen kann. Aus der DE-PS 11 95 641 sind ferner Einlagen zur Erzeugung von Projektilen durch Explosivumformung bekannt, bei denen aufgrund der progressiven Wandstärkenschwächung der Auskleidung schlanke Projektile hoher Geschwindigkeit erzeugt werden können. Nachteilig bei diesen Geschossen ist vor allem, daß die Projektil¬nase, vor allem bei Verwendung τon brisantem Sprengstoff, relativ stumpf ist, weil die Wandstärke der Einlage im Zentrum einen vorgegebenen und von dem Sprengstoff abhängigen Wert nicht unterschreiten darf. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Einlage für einen Gefechtεkopf anzugeben, die durch Explosivumformung die Erzeugung eines Projektiles mit gesteigerter endballistischer Leistung auch bei brisantem Sprengstoff ermöglicht. Insbesondere soll eine spitze Projektilnase erzeugt werden, so daß sich eine Abhebung der Zielgeschvindigkeit ergibt.P 35 29 405.1 the insert of a warhead is already known, with which an ogival tip of the projectile can be achieved by modifying the middle of the insert, but in practice difficulties have arisen when used with very explosive explosives because the application of the above mentioned application leads to a hollow projectile nose that can explode using explosive explosive. DE-PS 11 95 641 also contains deposits for the production of projectiles by explosive deformation known in which slim projectiles can be produced at high speed due to the progressive weakening of the wall thickness of the lining. A disadvantage of these projectiles is that the projectile nose, especially when using explosive explosives, is relatively blunt because the wall thickness of the insert in the center must not be less than a predetermined value which is dependent on the explosive. The object of the present invention is to provide an insert for a warhead which, by means of explosive deformation, enables the production of a projectile with increased end-ballistic performance even with explosive explosives. In particular, a pointed projectile nose should be created so that the target speed is raised.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.
Im folgenden wird anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und mit Hilfe von Figuren die Erfindung näher erläutert. E s z e i g e nThe invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and with the aid of figures. Show it
Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch einen herkömmlichen Gefechtskopf mit einer Einlage und ein durch Explosivurnformung aus der Einlage erzeugtes Projektil;1 shows a longitudinal section through a conventional warhead with an insert and a projectile produced by explosive shaping from the insert.
Fig. 2 eine erfindungsgeaäBe kugelkalottenföraige Einlage mit einem aus der Einlage erzeugten Projektil;2 shows a ball-and-socket insert with a projectile produced from the insert;
Fig. 3 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Einlage, mit dem durch Explosirumformung aus der Einlage erzeugten Projektil undFig. 3 shows another embodiment of an insert according to the invention, with the projectile generated by explosive forming from the insert and
Fig. 4 eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Einlage mit kegelförmigem Zentralbereich.Fig. 4 shows another insert according to the invention with a conical central region.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen im wesentlichen höhlzylindrisch ausgebildeten Gefechtskorf 10, in dessen Gehäuse 11 eine von einem Zünder 12 aktivierte Sprengladung 13 angeordnet ist. Die Sprengladung 13 ist auf einer Seite von einer kalottenförmig ausgebildeten Einlage 14 begrenzt, aus der durch Explosivumforung ein Projektil gebildet we r d e n kann.1 shows an essentially cave-shaped battle cap 10, in the housing 11 of which an explosive charge 13 activated by an igniter 12 is arranged. The explosive charge 13 is delimited on one side by a dome-shaped insert 14, from which a projectile can be formed by explosive forging.
Bei dem herkömmlichen Gefechtskopf 10 hat die Einlage 14 die Gestalt einer Kugelkalotte. Aus einer derartigen Einlage kann durch die Explosivumformung nach Zündung der Sprengladung 13 das in Fig. 1 mit 15 schematisch dargestellte Projektil erzeugt werden. Derartige Projektile weisen einen starken Geschwindigkeitsabfall auf, der auf die aerodynamisch ungünstige Gestalt der Spitze des Projektils 15 Zurückzuführen ist. Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, entstehen aus der Einlage 14 nämlich ein Projektil 1 5mit einer Spitze in Gestalt einer Halbkugel. Fig. 2 zeigt eine Einlage 20, die bis auf einen zentralen Bereich 22 im wesentlichen der Einlage 14 (Fig. 1) entspricht. In dem Bereich 22 um das Einlagenzentrum herum weist die Einlage eine stärkere konvexe Wölbung in Richtung des Sprengstoffes 13 (Fig. 1) auf als außerhalb des Bereiches 22. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß durch diese Änderung der Einlagengeometrie das durch die Explosionsumformung der Einlage erzeugte Projektil 30 eine ogivale Projektilnase mit gleichzeitig verringertem Nasendurchmesser erhält. Die geometrische Änderung im Bereich 22 der Einlage kann einen beliebigen Verlauf (linear, quadratisch, s-förmig etc.) dergestalt aufweisen, daß die radialen Druckkomponenten pr am Rande des Bereiches 22 aber innerhalb dieses Bereiches größer sind, als die radialen Druckkomponenten p'r außerhalb des Bereiches 22 aber ebenfalls in unmittelbarer Umgebung dieses Bereiches.In the conventional warhead 10, the insert 14 has the shape of a spherical cap. The projectile shown schematically in FIG. 1 at 15 can be produced from such an insert by the explosive shaping after ignition of the explosive charge 13. Such projectiles have a sharp drop in speed, which is due to the aerodynamically unfavorable shape of the tip of the projectile 15. As shown in FIG. 1, the insert 14 creates a projectile 15 with a tip in the shape of a hemisphere. FIG. 2 shows an insert 20 which, apart from a central area 22, essentially corresponds to the insert 14 (FIG. 1). In the area 22 around the center of the insert, the insert has a greater convex curvature in the direction of the explosive 13 (FIG. 1) than outside the area 22. It has been shown that this change in the insert geometry produces that produced by the explosive deformation of the insert Projektil 30 receives an ogival projectile nose with a simultaneously reduced nose diameter. The geometric change in the area 22 of the insert can have any shape (linear, square, S-shaped, etc.) such that the radial pressure components pr at the edge of the area 22 are larger than the radial pressure components p'r within this area outside of area 22 but also in the immediate vicinity of this area.
Die Höhe Δ x der Wölbung und der Durchmesser d des Bereiches 22 bis zu dem die geometrische Änderung vorgenommen vird, hängen von dem verwendeten Sprengstoff und dem Einlagenmaterial ab und müssen jeweils experimentell ermittelt werden.The height Δ x of the curvature and the diameter d of the area 22 up to which the geometric change is carried out depend on the explosive used and the insert material and must each be determined experimentally.
So beträgt bei Verwendung von Octol 70/30 als Sprengstoffund Eisen als Einlagenmaterial der maximale Durchmesser d des Bereiches 22 etwa 10 bis 25 % des Durchmessers D der Einlage 20 und die Höhe 4 x der Wölbung (Einbuchtung) muß in diesem Bereich kleiner als 15 % der Höhe der Wölbung der Einlage 20 sein. Um die ogivale Form des Projektiles weiter zu optimieren, kann zusätzlich die Wandstärke s der Einlage innerhalb des Bereiches um das Einlagenzentrum herum mindestens in einem Teilbereich kleiner gewählt werden als die Wandstärke der Einlage außerhalb des besagten Bereiches. Ein entsprechendes Aus führung sbeispiel zeigt Fig. 3.When using Octol 70/30 as explosive and iron as the insert material, the maximum diameter d of the area 22 is approximately 10 to 25% of the diameter D of the insert 20 and the height 4 x of the curvature (indentation) must be less than 15% in this area. the height of the curvature of the insert 20. In order to further optimize the ogival shape of the projectile, the wall thickness s of the insert within the area around the insert center can be selected to be at least in a partial area smaller than the wall thickness of the insert outside of the said area. A corresponding exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 3.
Dabei wurde mit 40 die Einlage und mit 50 das durchThe deposit was made at 40 and through at 50
Expl os i ons Umformung der Einlage ^0 entstehende Projektil bezeichnet. Der Bereich 42 um das Einlagenzentrum herum entspricht dem Bereich 22 in Fig. 2. Innnerhalb des Bereiches 42 wird in einem Teilbereich 43 die Einlagengeometrie derart geändert, daß der entsprechende Durchmesser s kleiner ist als der Durchmesser S der Einlage außerhalb des Bereiches 42. Die verbleibende Wandstärke der Einlage in dem Bereich 43 muß allerdings so gewählt werden, daß bei besonders brisantem Sprengstoff kein Platzen d e r Einlage erfolgt.Expl os i ons forming the insert ^ 0 resulting projectile. The area 42 around the insert center corresponds to the area 22 in FIG. 2. Within the area 42, the insert geometry is changed in a partial area 43 such that the corresponding diameter s is smaller than the diameter S of the insert outside the area 42. The remaining one Wall thickness of the insert in area 43 must, however, be selected so that the insert does not burst in the case of particularly explosive explosives.
Wie bereits erwähnt, kann die Einlage in dem Bereich um das Einlagenzentrum auch einen linearen (d. h. kegelförmigen) Verlauf aufweisen. Dieses ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Dabei wurden mit 60 die Einlage, mit 61 der Bereich, in dem die Einlage 60 einen kegelförmigen Terlauf 62 aufweist, bezeichnet. As already mentioned, the insert in the area around the insert center can also have a linear (i.e. conical) course. This is shown in Fig. 4. 60 was the insert, 61 the area in which the insert 60 has a conical terlauf 62.

Claims

Patentansprüc h e Patent claims
1. Einlage (14, 20, 40, 60) für einen Gefechtskopf (10) zur Erzeugung eines Projektiles (15, 30, 50) durch Explosionsumformung der Einlage (14, 20, 40, 60), d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Einlage (20, 40, 60) innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Bereiches (22, 42, 61) um das Einlsgenzentrum herum eine stärkere Einbuchtung in Richtung des für die Exrlosionsumformung benötigten Sprengstoffes (13) aufweist als außerhalb, aber in unmittelbarer Umgebung dieses Bereiches (22, 42).1. insert (14, 20, 40, 60) for a warhead (10) for producing a projectile (15, 30, 50) by explosive deformation of the insert (14, 20, 40, 60), characterized in that the insert (20 , 40, 60) within a predetermined area (22, 42, 61) around the inlet center has a larger indentation in the direction of the explosives (13) required for the deformation conversion than outside, but in the immediate vicinity of this area (22, 42).
2. Einlage nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n nZe i c h n e t, daß die Wandstärke der Einlage (20) innerhalb des Bereiches (22) um das Einlagenzentrum herum gleich der Wandstärke der Einlage (20) außerhalb des besagten Bereiches (22) ist.2. Insert according to claim 1, so that the wall thickness of the insert (20) within the area (22) around the center of the insert is equal to the wall thickness of the insert (20) outside of said area (22).
3. Einlage nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t, daß die Wandstärke (s) der Einlage (40) innerhalb des Bereiches (42) um das Einlagenzentrum herum mindestens in einem Teilbereich (43) kleiner ist als die Wandstärke (S) der Einlage (40) außerhalb des Bereiches (42). Einlage nach Abspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Durchmesser (d) des3. Insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall thickness (s) of the insert (40) within the area (42) around the center of the insert is at least in a partial area (43) smaller than the wall thickness (S) of the insert ( 40) outside the area (42). Insert according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameter (d) of the
Bereiches (22, 42) um das Einlagenzentrum 10 - 35 % des Durchmessers (D) der Einlage (20, 40) beträgt.Area (22, 42) around the insert center is 10-35% of the diameter (D) of the insert (20, 40).
Einlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Höbe (Δ x) der Wölbung des Bereiches (22, 42) um das Einlagenzentrum < 15 % der Höhe (F) der Wölbung der Einlage beträgt. Insert according to one of claims 1 to 3, so that the height (Δ x) of the curvature of the area (22, 42) around the center of the insert is <15% of the height (F) of the curvature of the insert.
EP19880902446 1987-07-03 1988-03-05 Liner for a warhead Expired - Lifetime EP0323484B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3722024 1987-07-03
DE19873722024 DE3722024A1 (en) 1987-07-03 1987-07-03 INSERT FOR A HEAD OF WAR

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0323484A1 true EP0323484A1 (en) 1989-07-12
EP0323484B1 EP0323484B1 (en) 1992-04-22

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Family Applications (1)

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EP19880902446 Expired - Lifetime EP0323484B1 (en) 1987-07-03 1988-03-05 Liner for a warhead

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4979443A (en)
EP (1) EP0323484B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3722024A1 (en)
DK (1) DK71089A (en)
GR (1) GR1000024B (en)
NO (1) NO884373L (en)
PT (1) PT87331B (en)
WO (1) WO1989000274A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR1000024B (en) 1990-01-31
NO884373L (en) 1989-01-12
WO1989000274A1 (en) 1989-01-12
GR880100271A (en) 1989-04-12
DK71089D0 (en) 1989-02-15
US4979443A (en) 1990-12-25
EP0323484B1 (en) 1992-04-22
DK71089A (en) 1989-03-01
DE3870430D1 (en) 1992-05-27
DE3722024A1 (en) 1989-01-12
PT87331B (en) 1993-09-30
PT87331A (en) 1989-06-30
NO884373D0 (en) 1988-10-03

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