EP0320701A1 - Method and apparatus for discontinuously wet-treating of textile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for the discontinuous wet treatment of knitted or knitted textile material (1) (knitwear) which circulates endlessly in a container (2) and thereby through a dwell zone (7) in the lower container region and through a diving trough containing a treatment liquor (11) is passed through. In order that especially small production quantities can be wet-treated particularly economically, reliably and in a wide range, the textile material is spread out in the area of the immersion trough (before and / or after) and dewatered to a predetermined residual moisture in the area above this immersion trough before it is used again in its endless circulation enters the dwell zone.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the discontinuous wet treatment of knitted or knitted textile goods, according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to an apparatus for performing this method.

Knitted or knitted textile goods, so-called knitwear, is usually in rope form in various adapted devices, such as. B. reel skids, jet, overflow or similar treatment machines and devices colored or otherwise wet treated. In all system and device-related differences of the types of treatment mentioned, the treatment in the form of a strand is predominant.

In particular, if such relatively sensitive knitted fabrics are subjected to a dyeing treatment in the form of strands, then there are some problems which, above all, lead to a loss of quality. The main problems are primarily the flow of goods, the distribution of the dye (product distribution) and the quality of the goods.

The problems with the flow of goods in the treatment device result from downtimes, grinding points etc. The causes for this can be in an unsecured transport of goods at low treatment temperatures, knots of the strand of goods in a storage dwell zone, and also in basic transport problems with extreme light or extremely heavy goods, as well as under the influence of foam, dyeing aids and other chemicals.

For a good levelness of the dyeing, a uniform and quick distribution of the dye is crucial, which, however, can only be achieved very inadequately when working in a strand form (for example, with known methods and devices there are about three to five circulations of textile goods - corresponding to about five to fifteen minutes. - necessary in order to distribute the dyes and other products required for dyeing approximately evenly among the same goods).

All treatment devices have a direct influence on the quality of the goods to be achieved. If you go z. B. from an average treatment time of about six hours and a circulation time of two minutes, then the textile goods must pass about one hundred and eighty times the transport devices, fleet feeding devices, the goods store, etc. Due to the resulting friction against the goods, there is an undesirable roughening and flossing of the goods surface.

In addition, there is a continuous breaking or flexing of the goods combined in the form of strands, as a result of which the surface of the goods is adversely affected.

For textile material in the form of fabric webs, which are generally considerably more robust in comparison to knitted fabrics, it is also known to dye, wash, rinse this textile material discontinuously and in a broad state, because of the structure-related and technological Differences between knitwear and woven goods, the methods and devices used for woven goods cannot be used satisfactorily in the known embodiments. For example, it is not possible to dye relatively dimensionally unstable knitwear in a known, conventional jigger.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method of the type required in the preamble of claim 1, by means of which, with relatively simple constructive means and avoiding roughening of the textile surface, a uniform product distribution (distribution of the dye and other means to be supplied) and a more reliable one Textile circulation (goods transport) can be guaranteed.

This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Since this procedure according to the invention ensures that the textile material is particularly spread out in the area of the immersion trough, this textile material, which is in the form of knitted fabric, can always be carried out in a fully expanded form by the immersion trough sufficiently filled with the treatment liquor. This enables a particularly intensive wet treatment of this textile material, so that an extremely even distribution of the product to be applied to the textile material (dyes and the like) is ensured from the outset. The use of a diving trough on the one hand and this widespread passage of the textile goods through the treatment fleet in the diving trough ren also an extremely economical treatment, which can be used with a relatively low liquor ratio.

It is also particularly advantageous in this method according to the invention that the textile material in the area above the immersion trough is mechanically dewatered to a predetermined residual moisture before it is reintroduced into the dwell zone in the lower container area via a deflection and transport device which is known per se. This type of dewatering of the textile goods after a sufficient transport distance above the immersion trough also contributes to an accelerated and intensive distribution of the treatment products throughout the textile goods. Since a quick and even distribution of the treatment products in the textile goods (knitwear) is thus ensured, the entire wet treatment requires considerably fewer circulations within the treatment container compared to known designs, so that for an extremely gentle treatment of the surface of the goods and thus for the maintenance of the desired Goods character is taken care of.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is particularly advantageous if the knitted or knitted textile material presented in the form of a tube is expanded into a balloon in the region between the immersion trough and the mechanical dewatering and made wrinkle-free.

According to another embodiment of the invention, it is also advantageous if the textile material presented multiple and knitted flat in the area in front of the Diving trough is mechanically spread out and aligned in its entrainment. In this way, especially collars and trimmings can be extremely gently and effectively wet-treated, e.g. B. bleached, dyed and washed, that is, this treatment is particularly suitable for flat and broadly manufactured knitwear, which is generally several times as thick as normal circular knitwear (tubular goods). A strand treatment of this flat-knitted knitted fabric would lead to deformation, becoming lobed and felting, while the wet treatment according to the invention in a spread form maintains the desired rigidity of this type of textile and ensures an excellent surface quality.

A device for carrying out this method, in which a first deflecting roller deflecting the textile material strand rising from the dwelling zone and a second deflecting roller immersing the textile material in the treatment liquor are provided in front of the immersion trough, is characterized according to the invention by the feature specified in the characterizing part of claim 7 .

Further refinements of the invention are the subject of the remaining subclaims.

An essential idea in the experiments on which the invention was based was also the endeavor to create a method and a device which is particularly suitable for carrying it out, in order in particular to also process smaller batches or quantities of knitted or knitted textile goods (knitwear) with at least qualitatively and economically the same good wet treatment results, in particular for dyeing, bleaching, washing and rinsing, as is possible with continuously operating known methods and devices (on so-called continuous machines), with which, however, only relatively large quantities of textile goods can be treated economically. The method according to the invention and the device intended for its implementation have proven to be extremely advantageous in the tests in the manner described above for the discontinuous wet treatment, in particular for dyeing with its upstream and downstream treatment steps.

• Fig. 1 eine Vertikalschnittansicht durch eine diskontinuierlich arbeitende Naßbehand­lungsvorrichtung mit zugehörigen Einrich­tungen, zur Durchführung des erfindungs­gemäßen Verfahrens;
• Fig. 2 eine Teil-Schemaansicht zur Erläuterung einer anderen Ausführungsform der Entwäs­serungseinrichtung (als Spannregelsystem);
• Fig. 3 eine ähnliche Teil-Schemaansicht wie Fig. 3, jedoch zur Erläuterung eines Beispie­les, bei dem im Bereich vor dem Tauchtrog eine mechanische Ausbreiteinrichtung vor­gesehen ist;
• Fig. 4 eine weitere Teil-Schemaansicht im Be­reich Tauchtrog und Entwässerungseinrich­tung, zur Erläuterung des Gegenstrom-/­Überlaufspülens.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a few examples and with reference to a drawing which is kept very schematic. Show in this drawing

• Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a discontinuously working wet treatment device with associated facilities for performing the method according to the invention.
• Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view for explaining another embodiment of the drainage device (as a tension control system);
• FIG. 3 shows a partial schematic view similar to FIG. 3, but to explain an example in which a mechanical spreading device is provided in the area in front of the diving trough;
• 4 shows a further partial schematic view in the area of the immersion trough and dewatering device, to explain the countercurrent / overflow rinsing.

The device illustrated in FIG. 1 is used for the discontinuous wet treatment of knitted or knitted textile goods, which for the sake of simplicity is referred to below as knitted fabric 1.

This device contains a container 2, into which the knitted fabric 1 to be treated is fed in the usual way via a gallows-type feed device 3. If a sufficient amount of this knitted fabric 1 is introduced into the container 2, the front and rear ends of this knitted fabric 1 are sewn together in a known manner, so that the textile material 1 can circulate endlessly in the direction of arrows 4 within the container 2 in a wide-ranging state, for which purpose - According to Fig. 1 - in the upper right area of the container 2 at least one known, driven transport roller 5 or a known transport reel is provided.

The upper region of the container interior forms a type of deflection zone 6 for the endlessly circulating knitted fabric 1, while the lower region of the container interior forms a dwell zone 7 for this knitted fabric 1. Here, the knitted fabric 1 is paneled into the dwell zone 7 with the aid of a known, reciprocating fold layer 8 arranged below the transport roller 5. The dwelling zone 7 is also preferably by a dashed line serving as the bottom indicated sliding grate 9 and by a likewise only indicated by dashed lines, provided approximately in the middle part of the container interior, to an open J-shaped space at its inlet and outlet ends.

Approximately in the central part of the interior of the container 2 there is a diving trough 11 which extends transversely (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1) over the interior of the container, in front of which a first deflecting roller 12 (deflecting into the diving trough which deflects the dwelling zone 7 from the dwelling zone 7) 11) is arranged, while a second deflection roller 13 is provided within this immersion trough 11, which immerses the knitted fabric 1 in a treatment liquor bath 14 present in the immersion trough 11. In addition, these two deflecting rollers can also at least partially ensure that the knitted fabric 1 is guided in the center of the immersion trough 11 in a spread-out and central manner.

At a distance above the second deflecting roller 13 and the immersion trough 11, a mechanical dewatering device is provided, which in the case of FIG. 1 is formed by two squeezing rollers 15 known per se. These nip rollers 15 have a soft rubber jacket 15a on their outer circumference (preferably with a hardness of 30 to 45 ° shore hardness). The knitwear 1 passed between this pair of squeeze rollers 15 and partially wrapping around these rollers passes through the container 2 during its transport (arrows 4), and then via the transport roller 5.

The approximately vertical line between The diving trough 11 and the pair of squeeze rollers 15 are used to inflate the knitted fabric 1 to a balloon 16 and make it wrinkle-free. In this balloon inflation section delimited by the diving trough 11 and the squeezing roller 15, a nozzle system 17 is provided, with the aid of which a suitable gaseous medium, in particular compressed air, water vapor, nitrogen or another inert gas, can be blown into the knitted fabric 1 in a controllable manner if it is in the form of a tube.

As is indicated very schematically, this nozzle system 17 can be connected to a blower 18, which, for example in the uppermost region of the container interior, can suck in gaseous medium (for example air or gas) for inflating the balloon 16 with the aid of a suction piece 19 known per se .

The treatment tank 2 is also associated in a known manner with a liquor circulation line 20 connected to the immersion trough 11 with a liquor circulation pump 21 and a built-in heat exchanger 22 for the provision of a treatment liquor which is controllable in quantity and temperature. Furthermore, it is generally advantageous to provide the treatment container 2 with a steam heating device, which is indicated only very schematically by arrows 23 and which can be used to heat the interior of the container to the required treatment temperature. This can involve both direct heating of the interior of the container and indirect heating.

As is only roughly indicated in the partial schematic view of FIG. 2, instead of the squeeze roller pair 15 according to FIG. 1, the dewatering device can also be designed in the form of a so-called locking bolt system 24, in which three deflection rollers 25 in the transport direction (arrow 4) of the knitted fabric 1 ) are so closely arranged one behind the other that there are at least two sufficiently strong textile material deflections in order to achieve a sufficient drainage effect for the knitted fabric 1.

Whether or not a pair of squeeze rolls 15 according to FIG. 1 or a clamping bar system 24 according to FIG. 2 is used in this wet treatment device generally depends on the desired dewatering effect, i. H. With the help of the pair of squeeze rollers 15, a more controllable and stronger dewatering effect (squeezing effect) can generally be achieved than with the clamping bolt system 24.

1 and 2, the treatment device is illustrated above all for the wet treatment possibility of tubular knitted fabric 1, in which a balloon inflation path is provided between the second deflecting roller 13 of the immersion trough 11 and the dewatering device 15 and 24, respectively Application comes, this balloon inflation section according to the example in Fig. 3 can be omitted or even shut down only if in this device multi-knitted and flat-knitted knitted fabric 1 'is to be treated with water. In this case, it is expedient if a suitable mechanical spreading device 26 is arranged in front of the first deflecting roller 12 arranged in front of the immersion trough 11 is net, which is preferably equipped with at least two known spreading and center guide rollers 27 for this type of textile (knitted fabric 1 '). As a drainage device above the immersion trough 11, we can in turn provide two squeeze rollers 15 (as indicated in FIG. 3) or also a tensioning bar system 24 according to FIG. 2.

When carrying out the method according to the invention with the aid of a suitably designed device, it is particularly economical and advantageous if the treatment liquor to be supplied to the knitted fabric 1 is applied only in the immersion trough 11 or into the knitted fabric 1, 1 ', while the dwell zone 7 in the container 2 remains essentially free of liquor, with the exception of any liquor residues that run off or drip off from the goods, these liquor residues being immediately drawn off with the aid of the liquor circulation pump 21 at the bottom of the vessel 2.

While treating the knitted fabric 1, 1 'in this device, the knitted fabric can be dewatered after passing through the immersion trough to a residual moisture of about 100 to 250%, based on the weight of the textile material, with the aid of the pair of squeeze rollers 15 or the clamping bar system 24 in a targeted and desired manner will. The squeezed, excessive treatment liquor can run back down into the immersion trough 11 along the route ascending from the immersion trough 11 to the drainage device. As has already been indicated above and from the following examples will become clearer, the knitted fabric 1, 1 'is preferably on one another during their endless circulations in the container 2 subsequently wet-treated in at least two different treatment liquors, for example washing, dyeing and rinsing liquors, which are circulating and are supplied separately to the diving trough 11.

The treatment liquors for the different types of treatment of an entire wet treatment process can be drained and renewed individually, depending on the procedure, but this is often not necessary, especially since the treatment liquor can renew itself between bleaching and washing. In this case it has been found that in this method according to the invention and in the device intended for its implementation, it is possible to work with very small amounts of water, for example 20 to 30 l of water / kg of knitted fabric, for example when washing.

For example, when rinsing and in a similar manner also when bleaching and after washing the paint, the immersion trough 11 can be overflowed in the container 2, as is illustrated, for example, by FIG. 4, which essentially shows an enlarged section of the device according to FIG. 1 - In the area from the diving trough 11 to the pair of squeeze rollers 15 - shows.

The immersion trough 11 is provided with a siphon-like overflow pipe 28 through which the liquor level 14a in the liquor bath 14 of the immersion trough 11 can be adjusted. This height adjustment of the liquor bath 14 can take place, for example, in that the overflow pipe 28 is rotated about its lower pipe axis 28a. The top overflow de 28b of the overflow pipe 28 can then be connected, for example, to the circuit line 20 or to a dirty liquor drain.

Furthermore, it may be appropriate to provide a fresh water or fresh liquor feed 29 close below the squeeze rollers 15 so that fresh water or fresh liquor is sprayed on all sides from the outside onto the knitted fabric 1 transported in the direction of the arrow 4 (at the upper end of the balloon 16) is (countercurrent rinsing).

Assuming in this embodiment (about Fig. 4) that with 100% liquor application to the knitted fabric 1 all the dirt is loosened at once, then at least 100% fresh water would have to flow in to remove the dirt, so that the concentration with the trough 11 does not steadily increasing. The following data were obtained in an experimental example for this type of countercurrent and overflow rinsing according to FIG. 4: with an assumed knitted fabric of 500 g / running meter, with 100 kg fabric and with a fabric speed of 40 m / min, a circulation time of 5 minutes results , ie there are twelve rounds per hour. 1200 l of dirty liquor are then introduced in one hour, so that at least 1200 l of fresh water / h should flow. With this washing of 100 kg of knitwear, good washing results were achieved with 1200 l / h, which means a liquor ratio (knitwear: washing liquor) of 1:12. At twelve runs per hour, this is a very excellent value. In comparison, known discontinue devices and processes, which are generally used for strand treatments, and which normally have liquor ratios of 1: 80 to 1: 100 is calculated, then in practice there will still be excellent and extremely economical fleet ratios if these occur in the range of 1:20 to 1:30.

In the various embodiments of the method according to the invention, it is also possible to work particularly advantageously by

- That a room atmosphere from the interior of the container is used for the balloon formation of tubular knitted fabric;
- That in addition to the generally float-free procedure in the residence zone during bleaching, dyeing and the like, the lower area of the container interior can also be flooded to a greater or lesser extent in order to be able to set a larger liquor ratio, for example when pre-cleaning the knitted fabric;
- That the interior of the container can be heated directly or indirectly by steam to the desired liquor temperature;
- That it is possible to add all product additives (e.g. dyeing, bleaching and other chemicals) in doses at a specified time;
- That the container of the device can be designed for both airtight and atmospheric work (important for vat dyeing);
- That the formation of the diving trough 11 allows easy cleaning and easy goods collection;
- That when the finished treated textile goods are moved out of the container, the squeezing mechanism present there can be adjusted in its squeezing trough in such a way that a sufficient drainage effect can be achieved for subsequent direct drying.

The method according to the invention is described below with reference to a number of experimental examples in which various types of knitwear have been dyed batchwise.

example 1

In the wet treatment device described, 200 kg of interlock knitwear made of cotton fibers were fed in in a broad state and sewn together in the container to form an endless fabric band. Now the treatment liquor and knitwear were heated to 60 ° C. The knitted fabric was prewashed with about four revolutions, and then 150 l of an aqueous liquor, likewise prepared at 60 ° C. in a batch vessel, were added to the liquor bath, this added liquor - based on the total liquor quantity of the dyebath, containing 40 g / l sodium chloride. After a circulation of about 6 minutes, 100 l of an aqueous reactive dye solution were added, which - based on the weight of the goods - contained 2.5% of the dye reactive red and 2.5% of the dye reactive orange. Now the liquor temperature was raised to 80 ° C. in 10 minutes, and it were wet treated for a further 10 minutes at this temperature.

To fix the dye on the fibers, 100 l of a liquor of 80 ° C. were then metered in, which - based on the total amount of liquor - contained 15 g / l of calcined soda. It was then treated at 80 ° C. for 45 minutes. The dyeing was carried out at a total liquor ratio of 1: 3.

To complete the dyeing, the dye liquor bath was drained off and the knitted fabric was rinsed with fresh water without stopping and subsequently soaped in the customary manner.

The result was a level red color in a total dyeing time of 4 1/2 hours.

Example 2

In the same way as in the first example, 200 kg of interlock knitwear were inserted into the container of the device, sewn together to form an endless fabric band and then prewashed.

With the help of a conventional two-head dosing pump (for different product additives) the following products were dosed via level control at a mixing ratio of 1: 4 (chemicals: dye liquor): 30 g / l Reactive brilliant green 3 g / l Wetting agent 0.2 g / l Thickener such as 50 g / l salt 13 g / l NaOH 36 ° Bé 1 g / l Calgon; it was then equalized in two cycles at 20 ° C. The treatment liquor and the knitted fabric were then heated to approximately 2.5 ° C./min (and in several cycles of the knitted fabric to 80 ° C., which brought the goods to fixation).

To complete the dyeing, the dye liquor bath was drained and rinsed with fresh water without a standstill; Subsequently, soaping and softening was carried out as usual. When the knitted fabric was moved out of the container, it was drained so far that the fabric was ready to dry.

A level green color was achieved in a total time of 3 1/2 hours with a total water ratio of 1:40.

Example 3

In the same way as in the first example, 220 kg of a cotton lining mesh were introduced and sewn together endlessly.

The treatment liquor was heated to 80 ° C. and 150 l of a prepared aqueous liquor was added, which - based on the total liquor quantity of the dyebath - 2 g / l of a low-foaming wetting agent 1 g / l the sodium salt of a condensation product of naphthalic acid and formaldehyde 2 g / l the sodium salt of a modified polyacrylic acid contained. After two rounds of goods, vat dye in the combination of 3.0% green and 0.6% orange (based on the weight of the goods) was added in a 100 l aqueous fleet of 45 ° C.

After a pigmentation phase of 10 minutes, 150 l of an aqueous liquor with - based on the total amount of liquor - 40 ml / l sodium hydroxide solution at 38 ° Bé (32.5%) and 10 g / l sodium dithionite were then metered in in 20 minutes. Thereafter, they were treated for a further 20 minutes at 80 ° C. and then rinsed with cold water in the overflow until vat yellow paper only showed a sodium dithionite concentration of 0.5 to 1 g / l (green color of the yellow paper).

After this brief rinsing process, 200 l of a prepared liquor, which - based on the total liquor quantity - contained 2 g / l sodium salt of nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, were metered in and the dyeing was oxidized at 60 ° C. during three to four product cycles. After the oxidation was rinsed and the goods soaped in the usual way.

A level olive green coloring of the raw material was obtained.

Example 4

200 kg of cotton lining mesh were again fed into the device container in a wide-ranging state, sewn together there and prewashed (similar to Example 1).

The following products were added in doses via a level control in the diving trough: 15 g / l green 3 g / l orange 2 g / l Wetting agent 5 g / l Leveling agent 1 g / l Sequencing agents 20 ml / l NaOH 36 ° Bé 10 g / l Nitrosulfite.

The knitted fabric was equalized in two cycles at 20 ° C. Subsequently, the interior of the container was heated to 100 ° C by means of direct steam heating and the goods were brought together in two or three cycles. Then it was rinsed cold with one or two circulations of goods.

4 g / l of oxidizing agent and 1 g / l of H₂O₂ were then metered into the aqueous treatment liquor at 60 ° C. and the mixture was then acidified by means of pH control and the use of acetic acid. The goods were then rinsed hot and softened.

A level olive coloration was obtained.

The tests carried out with the method according to the invention have made it clear that the previously conventional method of discontinuously dyeing knitwear in rope form, in particular for smaller production quantities, can be replaced by an extremely reliable method of working for broadly knitted fabrics with many advantages. Above all, the greatly improved quality of the goods is to be mentioned here, since by avoiding the undesirable breaking during the strand shape treatment and flexing of the textile goods an extremely uniform surface, a clear mesh structure and thereby also a certain gloss effect can be achieved, which leads to a more noble-looking product.

Since the fleet is constantly loaded evenly, dyes and fixing chemicals are distributed very evenly the first time the goods are circulated. The leveling phase, which has been common in the various dyeing processes to date, can thereby be shortened considerably or in many cases completely eliminated. This results in considerably shorter treatment times in the overall dyeing process, and it is possible to work with a short rinsing time due to small liquor volumes and liquor separation (especially in the case of reactive dyeings).

Another advantage can be seen in the already mentioned low water consumption, which is mainly due to the working method in a liquor ratio of about 1: 2 to 1: 5 as well as to a better use of the rinsing water by countercurrent rinsing and a high bath separation. Total light consumption of 1: 40 to 1: 60 can be achieved with light goods that are to be bleached, and similar water consumption can be used with darker goods that are not pre-bleached, since the bleaching liquor is dispensed with and can be used for washing up.

Claims (13)

1. A process for the discontinuous wet treatment of knitted or knitted textile material, which circulates endlessly in a substantially closed container in a wide state and is passed through a dwell zone in the lower container area, through a deflection zone in the upper container area and also through an immersion trough in the treatment liquor is applied to the textile material,

characterized,

that the textile material is spread out in the area of the immersion trough and mechanically dewatered to a predetermined residual moisture in the area above the immersion trough before it is re-introduced into the dwell zone via a deflection and transport device. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile material presented in tubular form in the area between the diving trough and the mechanical drainage is expanded by inflation to a balloon and made wrinkle-free. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the multiple and flat knitted textile presented mechanically spread in the area in front of the diving trough and is aligned in its center guide. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile material is drained after passing through the immersion trough to a residual moisture of about 100 to 250%, based on the textile material weight. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical dewatering of the textile material is carried out by squeezing excessive treatment liquor. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile material is wet treated during its endless circulations in the container successively with at least two different, one after the other and circulating separately supplied treatment liquors, in particular dyeing and rinsing liquors, the entire required fleet within the immersion trough is applied to the textile material and the dwelling zone remains essentially free of liquor. 7. An apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1, wherein in front of the immersion trough a deflecting from the dwell zone textile material deflecting first deflection roller and in the immersion trough a textile material immersed in the treatment liquor second deflection roller is provided, characterized in that a distance above the second deflection roller (13) and the immersion trough (11) a mechanical dewatering device (15, 24) with at least two dewatering rollers (15, 25) partially wrapped by the textile material is arranged. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the second deflecting roller (13) of the immersion trough (11) and the dewatering rollers (15, 25) of the dewatering device limit a balloon inflation surface, in the nozzles (17) for controllably inflating the tubular textile material (1) are provided with a gaseous medium. 9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that in front of the diving trough (11) arranged first deflection roller (12) has a mechanical spreading device (26) with at least two spreading and center guide rollers (27) for the multi-knitted and flat-knitted textile material (1 ') Is arranged. 10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the dewatering roller of the dewatering device are provided in the form of a pair of squeeze rollers (15) and have a soft rubber jacket (15a) on their outer circumference. 11. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the drainage rollers (25) of the drainage device in the form of a clamping bolt system (24) are arranged together with at least two textile material wraps. 12. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the treatment tank (2) a connected to the immersion trough (11) liquor circulation line (20) with liquor circulation pump (21) and built-in heat exchanger (22) for providing a quantity and temperature controllable treatment liquor and a steam heating device (23) for heating the interior of the container to the treatment temperature are assigned. 13. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that a fresh water supply (29) is arranged at the upper end of the balloon inflation path and the diving trough (11) is equipped with a liquor overflow device (28) for an adjustable height of the liquor bath (14).

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