EP0317935B1 - Method and apparatus for fine grinding - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for fine grinding Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317935B1
EP0317935B1 EP88119353A EP88119353A EP0317935B1 EP 0317935 B1 EP0317935 B1 EP 0317935B1 EP 88119353 A EP88119353 A EP 88119353A EP 88119353 A EP88119353 A EP 88119353A EP 0317935 B1 EP0317935 B1 EP 0317935B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mill
grinding
cryogen
ground
vaporized
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88119353A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0317935A3 (en
EP0317935A2 (en
Inventor
Andrew Paul Ondush
Richard Donald Ritter
Arthur H. Anderson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Original Assignee
Air Products and Chemicals Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Air Products and Chemicals Inc filed Critical Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Publication of EP0317935A2 publication Critical patent/EP0317935A2/en
Publication of EP0317935A3 publication Critical patent/EP0317935A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0317935B1 publication Critical patent/EP0317935B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to fine grinding and especially to fine grinding of plastic and elastomeric materials and foodstuffs.
  • Fine grinding, pulverizing or size reduction all terms used to denote comminution of relatively soft or resilient materials such as rubbers and plastics has been the subject of a great deal of interest and research for many years.
  • the rubber and plastics industry has been interested in fine grinding scrap or reject material in order to recycle the material for reuse.
  • the recycle material in order to make effective use of recycle material the recycle material must be ground to a particle size finer than 80 mesh in order to be mixed with virgin material for reuse.
  • Attrition mills have also been modified to use liquid nitrogen both inside and before the mill in a pre-cooler. This also has been done for about 10 years and it is known that the attrition mill cannot grind the tough rubber and plastics economically due to excessive plate wear inside the mill.
  • U.S. Patent 3,771,729 shows a particularly effective pre-cooling apparatus for conditioning the material for grinding.
  • the present invention pertains to a method and apparatus for fine grinding (e.g. to a -40 mesh particle size) of plastic and elastomeric materials utilizing a fluid classification impact grinding mill combined with a liquid cryogen system to pre-cool the material to be found, utilizing liquid cryogen inside the mill to cool the material during grinding which also cools the mill and recycling vaporized liquid cryogen for use as the classifying fluid or the sweep fluid for the mill, the liquid cryogen being injected into the mill through a spray header which is so disposed above the mill's active grinding devices as to direct cryogen towards them.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of the system and method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view, partially in section, of a fluid classification mill modified in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of the manifold according to the present invention.
  • System 10 includes as the central apparatus a fluid classification impact mill 12 such as offered for sale by Mikropul Division of Hosakawa Micron International Inc., Summit, New Jersey, 07910, under the product designation ACM Micro Pulverizer.
  • a fluid classification impact mill 12 such as offered for sale by Mikropul Division of Hosakawa Micron International Inc., Summit, New Jersey, 07910, under the product designation ACM Micro Pulverizer.
  • Cooling conveyor 18 is preferably of the type shown and described in U.S. Patent 3,771,729 and offered for sale by Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Trexlertown, Pennsylvania under the Cryo-Grind trademark. Cooling conveyor 18 has a feed hopper 22 as well as a conduit 24 for admitting liquid cryogen to the conveyor as shown in the '729 patent. Conveyor 18 can be of any type that will provide means for pre-cooling the material to be ground to its embrittlement temperature. Cooling conveyor 18 can be conveniently disposed on a portable carriage or table 26 and includes dive mechanism 23.
  • Cyclone separator 32 Downstream of mill 12 and connected to mill 12 via suitable piping 30 is a separator 32 such as a cyclone separator. Cyclone separator 32 has disposed at its discharge opening an air lock 34 to permit discharge of the product into a receptacle or drum 36 without opening the system to ambient atmosphere.
  • a recycle blower 38 receives the vaporized cryogen exiting mill 12, after separation of the product 37 through suitable fluid tight connections and piping 40. Recycle blower 38 conveys the separated vaporized cryogen back to the mill 12 by means of conduit assembly 42 which includes a pressure relief valve 44.
  • a suitable conduit 46 conveys liquid cryogen to the mill 12 in a manner as will hereinafter be more fully disclosed.
  • the process according to the invention as practiced in the apparatus or system of FIG. 1 takes place by introducing material to be ground to the cooling conveyor 18 by means of the hopper 22 and air lock 20. As the material is conveyed through the cooling conveyor 18 it is pre-cooled by liquid nitrogen introduced to the cooling conveyor through conduit 24 to cool the material to its embrittling temperature. The material after cooling in cooling conveyor 18 is conveyed through a suitable air lock 16 and transition chute 14 to the fluid classification impact mill 12. As is well known in the art mill 12 can be adjusted to provide product of a given fineness. In the case of the present invention the mill is set to grind the starting material to a size that will pass through an 80 mesh (U.S. Standard) screen.
  • 80 mesh U.S. Standard
  • the fine ground material entrained in vaporized cryogen exits the mill 12 in the direction shown by arrow 48 and enters the classifier or cyclone 32 where the particles shown by arrow 50 are separated from the vaporized cryogen and collected as product 37 in product drum 36.
  • the vaporized cryogen exiting the cyclone 32 is conveyed by circuit 40 to the inlet or suction side of blower 38 whereby it is recycled to the fluid classification mill 12 to be used as the classification fluid as will hereinafter be more fully explained.
  • material processed according to the invention can be finely ground very effectively.
  • the process is economical because the vaporized cryogen is recycled to be used as a classification fluid but more importantly the low temperature of the vaporized cryogen is utilized as an aid in cooling of the incoming product and the mill.
  • the process according to the present invention can be operated effectively with the following process conditions: Table 1 Piece of Equipment Process Variable Operating Limits Cooling Conveyor Temperature 0°F to -320°F Cooling Conveyor Speed 0 to 100 volts Fluid Classification Mill Temperature +70°F to -320°F Fluid Classification Mill Classifier Speed 0 to 5000 rpm Blower Speed 100 to 3500 rpm Most common materials can be ground to size utilizing the parameters set out above. Experimentation has shown if the process is operated significantly outside the above limits the particle size required cannot be produced economically.
  • Scrap or recycle tire tread has been ground successfully utilizing the process of the present invention which material has been incorporated into virgin material for remolding.
  • FIG. 2 shows a fluid classification grinding mill such as the ACM Mikro pulverizer identified above which has been modified in accord with the present invention.
  • Mill 12 includes an inlet chamber 60 containing an inlet conduit 64 which in turn is connected to the transition chute 14 of FIG. 1 by suitable fittings (not shown).
  • Chamber 60 contains means for supporting a central rotor 64 which in turn is connected to the pin rotor 66 which supports a plurality of hammers 68.
  • Chamber 60 has mounted thereon a housing 70 which in turn supports a second housing 72 which contains an outlet conduit 74 which in turn is connected to the piping 30 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • Disposed within housings 70 and 72 is a separator shaft and bearing housing 4 which in turn supports the rotatable classifier 76.
  • a shroud and baffle ring 78 Disposed within housing 70 and surrounding a portion of the rotating classifier 76 is a shroud and baffle ring 78.
  • Material to be ground is introduced to the mill 12 via a feed hopper and auger device 14 as is well known in the art. This basically is the conventional fluid classification impact grinding mill. In normal operation the material to be ground enters the mill and is contacted by hammers 68.
  • a classification fluid e.g. nitrogen
  • the ground particles pass through the classifier 76 in accordance with the speed of rotation of the classifier and the selected particles are removed with the nitrogen via the arrows as shown.
  • a spray header or manifold 82 is disposed inside of the shroud and baffle ring 78.
  • Spray header 82 is adapted to direct liquid cryogen, e.g. liquid nitrogen in the direction shown by the hollow arrows 84.
  • Spray header 82 is in turn connected through a suitable fitting 86 to a source of liquid cryogen (not shown).
  • Spray header 82 can be disposed at the top of the shroud and baffle ring, at the bottom thereof as shown by the ghost lines or at any position intermediate thereof depending upon the mill and the degree of cooling and liquid cryogen consumption required. Tests have shown most economical use of liquid cryogen is effected when spray header 82 is disposed at the bottom of shroud and baffle ring 78.
  • Liquid cryogen injected into the mill cools not only the mill, but the product as it is being ground. As the cryogen contacts the particles to be ground, it warms up and it vaporizes the vapors forming part of the product arrows 85 which leave the mill 12 and are conducted towards the cycle 32 for separation and recycled to the mill as hereinafter described.
  • FIG 3 shows the shroud and baffle 78 and the housing 70 as well as the spray header 82.
  • Spray header 82 as shown in figure 4 is basically a circular tube containing a plurality of orifices or holes 90 for directing the liquid nitrogen towards the product being ground.
  • Spray header 82 is constructed with a suitable manifold 94 so that the liquid cryogen entering the inlet conduit 96 passes to the orifices 90 without diminution.
  • liquid cryogen e.g. liquid nitrogen
  • 10-20% is used in the precooler with the balance being used for direct injection into the mill.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
EP88119353A 1987-11-25 1988-11-21 Method and apparatus for fine grinding Expired - Lifetime EP0317935B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12563887A 1987-11-25 1987-11-25
US125638 1987-11-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317935A2 EP0317935A2 (en) 1989-05-31
EP0317935A3 EP0317935A3 (en) 1990-01-03
EP0317935B1 true EP0317935B1 (en) 1992-04-29

Family

ID=22420699

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88119353A Expired - Lifetime EP0317935B1 (en) 1987-11-25 1988-11-21 Method and apparatus for fine grinding

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0317935B1 (pt)
JP (1) JPH01168361A (pt)
KR (1) KR910006231B1 (pt)
BR (1) BR8806087A (pt)
CA (1) CA1328862C (pt)
DE (1) DE3870587D1 (pt)
PT (1) PT89070A (pt)
ZA (1) ZA888809B (pt)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19533078A1 (de) * 1995-09-07 1997-03-13 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Mahlen und Sichten von Mahlgut

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5164132A (en) * 1991-04-05 1992-11-17 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process for the production of ultra-fine polymeric fibers
CH688269A5 (fr) * 1992-08-21 1997-07-15 Debio Rech Pharma Sa Broyeur ultra-centrifuge et sa mise en oeuvre pour le broyage cryogénique de matériau thermosensible.
IT1271454B (it) * 1993-01-28 1997-05-28 Pro Co Gen Progettazioni E Cos Impianto di criotrasformazione e selezione di rifiuti solidi urbani.
ES2188329B1 (es) * 2000-09-15 2004-12-01 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Procedimiento de preparacion mediante molido criogenico de mezclas de poliesteres aromaticos con control del grado de transesterificacion.
US20080220146A1 (en) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-11 Deboer Rene Frans Method and apparatus for producing cocoa products
KR100842300B1 (ko) * 2007-05-21 2008-06-30 한국기계연구원 미디어 밀 장치의 파우더 분급 및 분리장치
CN103272674B (zh) * 2013-05-22 2015-12-02 张家港市华丰油脂有限公司 一种用于从棉粕中提取棉蛋白的气流涡旋微粉机
CN110026283B (zh) * 2019-04-09 2020-08-11 凤台县农盼水稻机插服务专业合作社 一种农作物秸秆低温粉碎装置及其操作方法
EP3764030A1 (en) * 2019-07-11 2021-01-13 Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH Method and device for cooling products
US12103202B2 (en) 2020-03-20 2024-10-01 International Fine Chemistry, LLC Process for grinding materials
US11872593B1 (en) * 2023-04-21 2024-01-16 AGT-USA, Inc. Cryogenic processing system for plant material
US11766678B1 (en) 2023-04-21 2023-09-26 AGT-USA, Inc. Cryogenic processing system for plant material

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3771729A (en) * 1971-06-17 1973-11-13 Air Prod & Chem Cryogenic comminution system
JPS5472563A (en) * 1977-11-21 1979-06-11 Nippon Oxygen Co Ltd Method of low temperature crushing
US4222527A (en) * 1979-02-22 1980-09-16 Union Carbide Corporation Cryopulverizing packed bed control system
DE2952363A1 (de) * 1979-12-24 1981-07-02 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von stoffen bei tiefen temperaturen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19533078A1 (de) * 1995-09-07 1997-03-13 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Mahlen und Sichten von Mahlgut

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01168361A (ja) 1989-07-03
EP0317935A3 (en) 1990-01-03
DE3870587D1 (de) 1992-06-04
CA1328862C (en) 1994-04-26
BR8806087A (pt) 1989-08-08
KR890007796A (ko) 1989-07-05
ZA888809B (en) 1990-07-25
PT89070A (pt) 1989-09-14
KR910006231B1 (ko) 1991-08-17
EP0317935A2 (en) 1989-05-31

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