EP0313656B1 - Dispositif d'affichage en couleurs - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage en couleurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0313656B1
EP0313656B1 EP87904321A EP87904321A EP0313656B1 EP 0313656 B1 EP0313656 B1 EP 0313656B1 EP 87904321 A EP87904321 A EP 87904321A EP 87904321 A EP87904321 A EP 87904321A EP 0313656 B1 EP0313656 B1 EP 0313656B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
thin
light
layer
luminous layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87904321A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0313656A4 (fr
EP0313656A1 (fr
Inventor
Takashi Nire
Takehito Watanabe
Satoshi Tanda
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Komatsu Ltd
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Komatsu Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0313656A4 publication Critical patent/EP0313656A4/fr
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Publication of EP0313656B1 publication Critical patent/EP0313656B1/fr
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
    • H05B33/145—Arrangements of the electroluminescent material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/22—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of auxiliary dielectric or reflective layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thin-film electroluminescent (EL) element.
  • a thin full-colour display apparatus used in a conventional pocket-size television set includes shutter means 100 in the form of a matrix of liquid crystal cells 6, a light source 101 disposed behind the shutter means and filter means 102 disposed before the shutter means and including a repeat of a red transparent filter R, a green transparent filter G and a blue transparent filter B arranged in order in correspondence to the liquid crystal cells.
  • shutter means 100 in the form of a matrix of liquid crystal cells 6, a light source 101 disposed behind the shutter means and filter means 102 disposed before the shutter means and including a repeat of a red transparent filter R, a green transparent filter G and a blue transparent filter B arranged in order in correspondence to the liquid crystal cells.
  • the thin-film EL elements each includes a thin transparent luminous layer which has no granularity. Therefore, external incident light and light emitted within the luminous layers not scattered, so that they cause no halation or oozing, the display is clear and provides high contrast. Therefore, they are highlighted as being used for a display or illumination unit.
  • the basic structure of a thin-film EL element includes a double dielectric structure which in turn includes, on a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode layer of tin oxide (SnO2), etc., a first dielectric layer of tantalum pentaoxide, etc., a thin luminous layer of zinc sulfide (ZnS), etc., and containing manganese (Mn), etc., a second dielectric layer of tantalum pentaoxide, etc., and a rear electrode layer of aluminium (Al), etc., laminated in order.
  • a transparent electrode layer of tin oxide (SnO2), etc. a first dielectric layer of tantalum pentaoxide, etc., a thin luminous layer of zinc sulfide (ZnS), etc., and containing manganese (Mn), etc.
  • ZnS zinc sulfide
  • Mn manganese
  • Al aluminium
  • the process of luminescence is as follows. If a voltage is applied across the transparent electrode and the rear electrode, the electrons trapped at the interface level are pulled out and accelerated by an electric field induced within the luminous layer so that they have energy enough to strike orbital electrons in manganese (the luminescent centres) to thereby excite same.
  • a thin-film EL element emitting white light uses a luminous layer of zinc sulfide containing praseodymium fluoride (PrF3), as disclosed in Yoshihiro Hamakawa et al, The Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineers of Japan Technical Research Report , CPM 82-10 , 1982 .
  • PrF3 praseodymium fluoride
  • a thin-film EL element using a luminous layer of zinc sulfide containing praseodymium fluoride has peaks at about 500 and 650 nm in the emission spectrum.
  • the rays of light at 500 and 650 nm are in complementary-colour relationship to each other and show as if they were white light. However, the light does not contain three primary colours, so that it cannot be used for full colour display.
  • a thin-film EL element having such structure is all transparent except for its rear electrode. Thus external incident light is reflected by the rear electrode and the reflection interferes with the light from the luminous layer so that it does not provide a satisfactory contrast ratio and thus only display devices having low display quality would be provided.
  • JP-A-59-56391 discloses apparatus in which the light absorption coefficient of a light absorption layer increases from a luminous layer side to a rear electrode side.
  • a thin-film EL element comprising a luminous layer, a rear electrode and a dielectric layer therebetween, in which the luminous layer is caused to emit light by an electric field applied thereto, characterised in that the dielectric layer includes an insulating film of insulating oxide or nitride whose composition ratio is graded continuously from black to transparent in the direction towards the rear electrode.
  • Said insulating film may be a tantalum oxide (TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5), an yttrium oxide (YO x where x ⁇ 3/2), a silicon oxide (SiO x where x ⁇ 2) or a silicon nitride (SiN x where x ⁇ 4/3).
  • the thin-film EL element may comprise, on a baseplate, a transparent electrode, a further dielectric layer, said luminous layer, said dielectric layer which includes an insulating film of oxide or nitride and said rear electrode, laminated in order.
  • the voltage applied to the luminous layer may be controlled by the detection output from a photosensor disposed in the vicinity of the luminous layer.
  • said dielectric layer which includes an insulating film of oxide or nitride is formed in a reactive chamber by sputtering, using as a target tantalum pentaoxide (Ta2O5) and feeding a mixed gas of argon (Ar) + oxygen (O2), it is gradually changed from a black tantalum oxide (TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5) film to a transparent tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) film by gradually increasing the partial pressure of oxygen.
  • Figs. 1(a) and (b) show a thin film colour display apparatus, Fig. 1(a) being a cross-section view taken along the line A-A of Fig. 1(b).
  • the apparatus includes an EL element section 1 which in turn includes a multiplicity of thin-film EL elements or cells arranged in a matrix and corresponding to pixels, and a colour filter section 2 disposed integrally on a surface of the EL element section such that the rays of light from the respective cells are output through the colour filter section.
  • the EL element section 1 includes, on a glass baseplate 3, a transparent electrode 4 of indium tin oxide (ITO) disposed so as to form a like number of first stripe lines l1 .
  • l n at predetermined intervals
  • a first dielectric layer 5 of tantalum pentaoxide (Ta2O5) a luminous layer 6 having a single layer structure comprising a strontium sulphide (SrS) layer containing cerium (Ce) and europium (Eu) as an activator and potassium (K) as a coactivator
  • a second dielectric layer 7 of tantalum pentaoxide and a rear electrode 8 in the form of an aluminium (Al) layer comprising a plurality of second stripe lines V1 ,..., V n disposed orthogonal to the first stripe lines l1 ,..., l n such that by applying a voltage corresponding to information across any particular one of the stripe lines of the transparent electrode 4 and any particular one of
  • Fig. 2(a) The principle of luminescence is as shown in Fig. 2(a) and thus rays of light having respective wavelengths are emitted.
  • Fig. 2(b) shows the emission spectrum of the rays of light emitted from this luminous layer.
  • One of the intersections constitutes a cell here.
  • the colour filter section 2 is disposed on the glass baseplate side of the EL element section and includes a repeat of a red transparent filter R, a green transparent filter G and a blue transparent filter B arranged in order, each filter including a dyeable polymer layer and corresponding to a respective cell, as shown in plan view in Fig. 1(b).
  • Fig. 3 The contrast characteristic of this colour display apparatus is shown in Fig. 3. As will be clear from Fig. 3, the contrast ratio is about 1:100 for less than 1000 1x so that the characteristic is extremely satisfactory and greatly improved compared to the conventional one with a ratio of 1:10.
  • Fig. 4 shows a visual angle-dependent luminance characteristic.
  • the characteristic of colour display apparatus according to Figs. 1(a) and 1(b) is shown by the solid line, which exhibits that the luminance does not lower significantly up to more than 60 degrees. It is understood that the apparatus is of high visual angle compared to the conventional apparatus whose characteristic is shown by a broken line.
  • This display apparatus does not need backlight and is very thin, i.e. at most about 1 mm thick, even inclusive of the glass baseplate.
  • the respective cells are formed integrally, the luminous layer as well as the respective layers may be provided separately for each cell. This applies to the electrodes.
  • the luminous layer is not limited to a strontium sulphide (SrS) layer containing cerium (Ce), europium (Eu) and potassium (K).
  • SrS strontium sulphide
  • K europium
  • K potassium
  • the use of a single luminous layer of zinc sulphide containing nitrogen (N); CaSrS containing cerium (Ce), europium (Eu) and potassium (K); BaSe; ZnS; ZnCdS; ZnF2; SrTiO3; or BaTiO3 would result in the emission of white light.
  • Fig. 5 shows the emission spectrum of SrS containing Ce, Eu and K.
  • the contents of impurities which are the luminescent centres of each luminous layer in the example may be changed as needed.
  • the kind of impurities used may be changed as needed.
  • a dyeable polymer layer directly coated on the glass baseplate may be used as in the particular example.
  • colour filters formed separately may be attached, namely, a different colour filter structure may be used as needed.
  • a protective film or the like may be provided as needed.
  • the thin-film EL element includes a single luminous layer which can emit white light.
  • a luminous layer 11 of thin-film EL elements having a double dielectric structure is composed of a 5000 ⁇ -thick thin-film layer of zinc sulphide containing nitrogen.
  • a transparent electrode 13 in the form of a tin oxide (SnO2) layer, etc.
  • a first dielectric layer 14 a luminous layer 11 of zinc sulphide containing nitrogen as mentioned above
  • a second dielectric layer 15 a rear electrode 16 in the form of a thin aluminium (Al) film.
  • a process is employed in which a zinc sulphide layer is formed by sputtering and nitrogen is then implanted in the zinc sulphide layer by ion implantation.
  • the emission spectrum of the luminescence obtained by applying an alternating electric field across the thin-film EL element has a wide range of luminescent wavelengths covering three primary colours as shown in Fig. 7.
  • true white light is provided and a full-colour display panel can be fabricated.
  • the process including the implantation of nitrogen ions after the formation of the zinc sulphide film has been used, this is not essential.
  • a process for forming the luminous layer by sputtering or CVD in an atmosphere of nitrogen may be used. Namely, it may be selected as needed.
  • the thin-film EL element has a double dielectric layer structure which includes on a transparent glass baseplate 21 a transparent electrode 22 in the form of a tin oxide layer (SnO2), etc., a first dielectric layer 23, a luminous layer 24 of ZnS: Mn, a second, black dielectric layer 25 of tantalum oxide (TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5) and a rear electrode 26 in the form of a thin aluminium (A1) film laminated in order.
  • a transparent glass baseplate 21 a transparent electrode 22 in the form of a tin oxide layer (SnO2), etc.
  • a first dielectric layer 23 a luminous layer 24 of ZnS: Mn
  • a rear electrode 26 in the form of a thin aluminium (A1) film laminated in order.
  • the second dielectric layer has the relationship between wavelength and transmittance as shown in Fig. 9, which shows that the transmittance is less than 10% in a visual light area.
  • a curve a in Fig. 10 shows the relationship between luminance and contrast ratio of the thin-film element (cd/m2).
  • a curve b in Fig. 10 shows the relationship between luminance (cd/m2) and contrast ratio of a conventional thin-film EL element using tantalum pentaoxide (Ta2O5) as a material constituting the second dielectric layer.
  • the black tantalum oxide film can be easily obtained by only changing partial conditions of a process for forming a transparent tantalum pentaoxide layer used conventionally - for example, by lowering only the partial pressure of oxygen under the same conditions as those in the sputtering process. Thus, manufacturing work is performed efficiently.
  • a black tantalum oxide film is used instead of the conventional transparent tantalum pentaoxide film
  • a composite film 25' of a black tantalum oxide layer 25a and a different dielectric layer 25b may be formed as the second dielectric layer as shown in Fig. 11. It may be applicable to other oxides and nitrides such as yttrium oxides, silicon oxides, silicon nitrides, etc., as in a thin-film transistor.
  • the materials constituting the luminous layer, transparent electrode and rear electrode are not limited to those of the particular example, and other materials are effective, of course.
  • the tantalum oxide film may be selected as needed among ones having transmittance of 30% or less in a visual area. If a film having a transmittance of more than 30% is used, it would reduce the contrast ratio.
  • a TaO x film was formed on a glass baseplate by using Ta2O5 as the target and changing the partial pressure of oxygen in a high frequency (RF) sputtering process.
  • RF high frequency
  • Fig. 12 shows the results of measurement of the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen at the film formation and transmittance of the formed TaO x film when the partial pressure of argon (Ar) was 5 x 10 ⁇ 3 (Torr).
  • the axis of abscissae represents the partial pressure of oxygen x 10 ⁇ 5 (Torr) and the axis of ordinates the transmittance (%)).
  • the proportion in composition of oxygen or nitrogen in insulating oxides or nitrides is reduced stoichiometrically, so that the manufacturing process is not substantially changed and a black insulating film can be very easily provided.
  • the EL element includes on a transparent glass baseplate, 31 a transparent electrode 32 in the form of a tin oxide (SnO2) layer, etc., a first dielectric layer 33 of yttrium oxide (Y2O3), a luminous layer 34 of zinc sulphide (ZnS): manganese (Mn), a second dielectric layer 35, whose composition ratio is graded continuously from black to transparent, and a rear electrode 36 in the form of an aluminium layer, laminated in order.
  • a transparent electrode 32 in the form of a tin oxide (SnO2) layer, etc.
  • Y2O3 yttrium oxide
  • ZnS zinc sulphide
  • Mn zinc sulphide
  • second dielectric layer 35 whose composition ratio is graded continuously from black to transparent
  • a rear electrode 36 in the form of an aluminium layer, laminated in order.
  • the second dielectric layer has a composition ratio continuously changing stoichiometrically in a direction towards the rear electrode from a black tantalum oxide film (TaO x where ⁇ 2.5) 3000 ⁇ thick to a transparent tantalum pentaoxide (Ta2O5) film and has a thickness of 5000 ⁇ in total.
  • the transmittance as well as resistivity is reduced whereas as the oxygen content increases, the resistivity also increases.
  • a curve a in Fig. 15 shows the luminance-voltage characteristic of the thin-film EL element thus formed.
  • curves b and c in Fig. 15 show the luminance-voltage characteristics of a thin-film EL element having the same structure as the present example except for the second dielectric layer which consists of a single (black) tantalum oxide (TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5) film 5000 ⁇ thick and another thin-film EL element having the same structure as the present example except for the second dielectric layer having a two-layered structure which consists of a black tantalum oxide (TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5) film 4000 ⁇ thick and a transparent tantalum pentaoxide film (Ta2O5) 1000 ⁇ thick.
  • Curves a and b are substantially equal in contrast and the curve c is somewhat lower.
  • the axis of ordinates represents luminance and the axis of abscissae applied voltage). It will be understood that the voltages which the elements can withstand for a long time (dielectric strength) are 165 V for a 125 V for b and 150 V for c and that the thin-film EL element of the inventive example in which the second dielectric layer is continuously changed has a greatly improved dielectric strength.
  • the thin-film EL element according to the inventive example exhibits high contrast and high breakdown voltage.
  • the above described thin-film EL elements may be used as light sources for writing signals into, reading signals out of and erasing signals in recording media for illuminating purposes in addition to the display apparatus applications.
  • a photosensor 37 may be provided.
  • the voltage applied to the thin-film EL element is controlled in accordance with a signal from the photosensor to change the luminance to thereby maintain the contrast constant and improve the display effect.
  • control of the applied voltage is easy if it is provided so as to change the applied voltage stepwise to thereby maintain the contrast within a predetermined range (a - b) when the signal from the photosensor exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the thin-film EL element is emitting light at a certain luminance of A.
  • the luminance is changed stepwise as shown by A, B, C, D. If the environmental illumination or the detection output from the photosensor 37 becomes 1000 1x, the applied voltage is increased such that the luminance becomes B; if the illumination further increases to about 5000 1x, the luminance changes to C; and so on. In this way, the contrast can be maintained within a substantially constant range without being influenced by the environmental illumination.
  • the applied voltage may be changed continuously in accordance with the detection output from the photosensor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

Une pluralité de cellules comportant chacune un élément électroluminescent (EL) à film mince émettant une lumière colorée sont agencées de manière à composer un panneau d'élément EL (1) et des filtres (2) de couleurs prédéterminées correspondant chacune à chaque cellule sont formés sur la surface de panneau, de sorte que chaque cellule émet une lumière qui traverse le filtre coloré en fonction des informations relatives à l'image à visualiser. Il est ainsi possible de réaliser un dispositif d'affichage en couleurs remarquablement mince, présentant un excellent contraste et une luminosité élevée. Dans l'élément EL à film mince ci-décrit, on utilise comme couche photo-émettrice du sulfure de zinc contenant de l'azote, de sorte qu'une émission de lumière de transition se produit entre une pluralité de niveaux, des rayons de lumière de différentes longueurs d'onde sont émis et on peut obtenir une lumière blanche contenant les trois couleurs primaires.

Claims (7)

  1. Elément électroluminescent en film couche comprenant une couche lumineuse (34), un électrode arrière (36) et une couche diélectrique (35) interposée entre elles, dans lequel la couche lumineuse est amenée à émettre de la lumière par un champ électrique qui lui est appliqué, caractérisé en ce que la couche diélectrique comprend une pellicule isolante, en oxyde ou en nitrure isolant, dont le rapport de composition est dégradé en continu du noir au transparent dans la direction allant vers l'électrode arrière.
  2. Elément électroluminescent en couche mince selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pelliucle isolante est un oxyde de tantale (TaOx où x < 2,5).
  3. Elément électroluminescent en couche mince selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pellicule isolante est un oxyde d'yttrium (YOx où x < 3/2).
  4. Elément électroluminescent en couche mince selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pellicule isolante est un oxyde de silicium (SiOx où x < 2).
  5. Elément électroluminescent en couche mince selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pellicule isolante est un nitrure de silicium (SiNx où x < 4/3).
  6. Elément électroluminescent en couche mince selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes comprenant, sur une plaque de base (31), une électrode transparente (32), une autre couche diélectrique (33), la couche lumineuse (34), la couche diélectrique (35) qui comprend une pellicule isolante en oxyde ou en nitrure et l'électrode arrière (36) stratifiées dans cet ordre.
  7. Elément électroluminescent en couche mince selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tension appliquée à la couche lumineuse (34) est réglée par la sortie de détection d'un détecteur photoélectrique (37) disposé au voisinage de la couche lumineuse.
EP87904321A 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Dispositif d'affichage en couleurs Expired - Lifetime EP0313656B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15689686 1986-07-03
JP156896/86 1986-07-03
PCT/JP1987/000469 WO1988000382A1 (fr) 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Dispositif d'affichage en couleurs

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92203321.2 Division-Into 1992-10-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0313656A1 EP0313656A1 (fr) 1989-05-03
EP0313656A4 EP0313656A4 (fr) 1989-10-25
EP0313656B1 true EP0313656B1 (fr) 1994-06-08

Family

ID=15637760

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87904321A Expired - Lifetime EP0313656B1 (fr) 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Dispositif d'affichage en couleurs
EP19920203321 Withdrawn EP0537864A3 (en) 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Color display apparatus

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920203321 Withdrawn EP0537864A3 (en) 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Color display apparatus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0313656B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2531686B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR950014429B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3750038T2 (fr)
FI (1) FI890007A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1988000382A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5126620A (en) * 1988-12-19 1992-06-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Display element
FR2643488B1 (fr) * 1989-02-21 1994-04-29 France Etat Ecran plat d'affichage polychrome electroluminescent a effet memoire
DE3942699A1 (de) * 1989-12-21 1991-06-27 Akad Wissenschaften Ddr Elektrolumineszenz-flachdisplay und verfahren zur herstellung derartiger flachdisplays
GB2282701B (en) * 1990-09-01 1995-07-12 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Electro-luminescence indicating panel and method for manufacture thereof
JP4482966B2 (ja) * 1999-08-20 2010-06-16 Ｔｄｋ株式会社 Ｅｌ表示装置
JP2004012571A (ja) * 2002-06-04 2004-01-15 Toyota Industries Corp 表示装置
JP2004045769A (ja) 2002-07-11 2004-02-12 Toyota Industries Corp 表示装置
JP4740582B2 (ja) 2004-03-19 2011-08-03 富士フイルム株式会社 電界発光装置
GB0500268D0 (en) * 2005-01-07 2005-02-16 Pelikon Ltd Electroluminescent displays
US8766531B1 (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-07-01 Universal Display Corporation Wearable display

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3496410A (en) * 1967-11-13 1970-02-17 Sanders Associates Inc Electroluminescent display device producing a graphical display in a selected color
JPS56107289A (en) * 1980-01-30 1981-08-26 Sharp Kk Thin film light emitting element
JPS5956391A (ja) * 1982-09-27 1984-03-31 株式会社東芝 Ｅｌデイスプレイ装置
JPS6074384A (ja) * 1983-09-30 1985-04-26 松下電器産業株式会社 薄膜発光素子
JPS60134277A (ja) * 1983-12-22 1985-07-17 沖電気工業株式会社 Ｅｌパネルの製造方法
JPS60232697A (ja) * 1984-04-30 1985-11-19 ホ−ヤ株式会社 薄膜ｅｌ素子
JPH0521278Y2 (fr) * 1984-09-21 1993-05-31
JPS61220292A (ja) * 1985-03-26 1986-09-30 ホ−ヤ株式会社 薄膜ｅｌ素子とその製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR950014429B1 (ko) 1995-11-27
JPS63152897A (ja) 1988-06-25
EP0313656A4 (fr) 1989-10-25
KR880701933A (ko) 1988-11-07
FI890007A (fi) 1989-01-02
WO1988000382A1 (fr) 1988-01-14
EP0537864A3 (en) 1993-11-24
FI890007A0 (fi) 1989-01-02
DE3750038D1 (de) 1994-07-14
DE3750038T2 (de) 1994-11-17
EP0537864A2 (fr) 1993-04-21
JP2531686B2 (ja) 1996-09-04
EP0313656A1 (fr) 1989-05-03

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