EP0305326B1 - Method and apparatus for mercerizing a fabric - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for mercerizing a fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0305326B1
EP0305326B1 EP88810544A EP88810544A EP0305326B1 EP 0305326 B1 EP0305326 B1 EP 0305326B1 EP 88810544 A EP88810544 A EP 88810544A EP 88810544 A EP88810544 A EP 88810544A EP 0305326 B1 EP0305326 B1 EP 0305326B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
textile web
tensioning
spray
tensioning frame
edge zones
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EP88810544A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0305326A1 (en
Inventor
Susanne Machau
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Benninger AG Maschinenfabrik
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Benninger AG Maschinenfabrik
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B7/00—Mercerising, e.g. lustring by mercerising
    • D06B7/08—Mercerising, e.g. lustring by mercerising of fabrics of indefinite length

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for mercerizing a fabric web according to the preamble of claim 1 and of claim 5.
  • the fabric web is sprayed in the spreader zone using hot weak lye or hot steam. This reduces shrinkage forces and stabilizes the fabric web. The stretching itself partially compensates for the shrinkage caused by the impregnation process.
  • a method of comparable generic type has become known, for example, from the applicant's EP-A-0 198 793.
  • the warp thread spacing should be uniform over the entire width of the fabric web, so that the fabric has the same density everywhere.
  • This object is achieved by a method which has the features in claim 1. This measure initially only stabilizes the edge zone, but not the central zone of the fabric web. The consequence of this is that the spreading forces caused by the tensioning chains are transferred from the already stabilized edge zones to the middle zone, which has not yet been stabilized or has not been stabilized yet. This results in an approximately uniform stretching force over the entire width of the textile web, so that the warp threads in the middle zone are also pulled apart.
  • the stretching forces are not exhausted in the marginal zone by giving in, as this is prevented by the targeted stabilization.
  • the spray density advantageously decreases approximately evenly from the edge zones towards the central zone of the fabric web, since the stretching forces also reduce towards the center of the fabric web.
  • the edge zone is at least 10% of the fabric width and at most 40% of the fabric width. At least twice the amount of the hot medium is sprayed onto the edge zone.
  • the spray nozzles can be arranged on a pair of spray tubes which is arranged at the desired angle and at the desired distance from the outer edges of the fabric web above the conical inlet field of the tenter frame.
  • the pairs of spray tubes are preferably at the same angle as the conical one Inlet field arranged so that the edge zones are sprayed evenly in the course of the feed of the fabric web.
  • the spray tubes can also have a slightly different angle relative to the outer edge of the fabric web in the conical inlet field of the tenter frame.
  • a particularly simple construction results if the spray nozzles are designed with respect to their arrangement and / or opening cross section such that the amount of the sprayed medium decreases towards the central zone of the fabric web. In this way, a single spray tube over both edge zones is sufficient to achieve the desired effect.
  • the tensioning frame advantageously has an adjusting device for changing the distance between the two tensioning chains, the spray tubes being fastened to the tensioning frame in such a way that they can be adjusted together with the tensioning chains.
  • the spray pipes above the two edge zones are always approximately the same distance from the outer edge of the fabric web.
  • the adjustment device can also be designed such that when the tension chains are adjusted, the spray tubes travel a proportionally shorter distance.
  • a plurality of parallel spray tubes are arranged above each edge zone and can be controlled individually via control valves.
  • These Spray tubes can be arranged so that only the tension chains need to be adjusted for a different width of fabric.
  • the spray density can be pre-selected by setting the control valves accordingly.
  • Individual spray pipes can be switched off completely or only partially fed with the hot medium.
  • the edge zones are preferably about 30% of the set web width, but at least 10% and not more than 40%.
  • spray tubes extending across the side-parallel field of the tenter frame can be arranged, which are provided with spray nozzles evenly distributed over the entire width of the fabric web.
  • the side-parallel field of the stenter connects directly to the conical inlet field with the spray pipes above the edge zones.
  • the spray tubes which are arranged transversely to the fabric web, spray the stretched fabric web evenly over the entire width and thus bring about a final stabilization.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show the disadvantages already mentioned in the introduction in a spreader method according to the prior art.
  • the warp threads 1 in the two edge zones 14 and 14 ' have a greater distance b than the distance a in the central zone 19. This phenomenon occurs in known chain tensioning fields without controlled stabilization of the fabric web. The spreading forces act almost exclusively on the two peripheral zones, while the central zone 19 remains unchanged.
  • FIG. 1b In the case of spreading by means of specially designed stabilizing or spreading rollers, an opposite but equally undesirable effect occurs, as shown in FIG. 1b.
  • the spreading effect decreases from the center towards the outside, so that the distance a between the warp threads in the edge zones is smaller than the distance b in the middle zone 19. It is obvious that a mercerized fabric web with a structure according to one of the figures 1a or 1b does not correspond to the desired quality.
  • FIG. 1c shows the structure of the fabric web, which is aimed at and also achieved with the method according to the invention, in which the warp threads 1 have a uniform distance c both in the central zone 19 and in the edge zones 14 and 14 '. This uniform distance is achieved by locally differentiated control of the stabilization process, so that the spreading forces can extend uniformly from the outside over the entire width of the fabric web.
  • a mercerizing machine 3 consists of various processing sections which are continuously traversed by the endless fabric web.
  • the fabric web 2 is introduced in an insertion zone 4 into the impregnation zone 5, where the impregnation takes place in a bound web guide in a hot-water bath.
  • the impregnation zone is followed by a cooling zone 6 and a dwell zone 7.
  • the width of the fabric web 2 continuously decreases in these last two zones due to shrinkage.
  • the fabric web must therefore be stretched again in the spreading zone 8 in the most gentle manner possible.
  • This is followed by the stabilization and leaching zone 9, where the mercerization process is completed.
  • the fabric web 2 treated in this way is then fed to an aftertreatment machine 10. Details of such a mercerization process can be found, for example, in EP-A-198 793 mentioned at the beginning.
  • a tensioning frame 11 is arranged in the spreading zone 8 and is provided with a pair of tensioning chains 12. These tension chains grip the fabric edges in a manner known per se by means of needle bars and / or clamps and stretch them in the conical entry field of the tension frame, where the distance between the two tension chains increases. Then the fabric web is stretched over a certain length in a section parallel to the sides by the tension chains Kept at a distance. It was already known to spray hot weak liquor onto the fabric web over the tenter frame 11 and in particular also over the conical inlet field from spray nozzles. This reduces the shrinkage forces gently and stabilizes the stretched fabric web.
  • the spraying with hot weak liquor or with another hot medium is now carried out in such a way that the edge zones 14, 14 'are sprayed more intensively than the central zone 19 in the conical inlet field are arranged at the same angle as the inlet field.
  • spray tubes there are spray nozzles, not shown in more detail, e.g. arranged in the form of simple bores which achieve a spray density that decreases from the outside inwards, as shown in FIG. So that the spray tubes 13, 13 'adapt to different fabric web widths, the spray tubes are attached to the tenter frame 11 such that they can be adjusted in width together with the tension chains 12.
  • An adjusting device 18 is shown symbolically in FIG.
  • the spray tubes 13 and the tension chains 12 can be adjusted via a spindle with the aid of a motor M.
  • the spindle has opposite thread sections so that the nuts sitting on it move towards or away from each other when the spindle is turned.
  • Both spray tubes are fed via a common manifold 17.
  • these are connected to the manifold, for example, via a flexible hose.
  • transverse spray tubes 15 are arranged, via which a uniform spraying with lye takes place after the completed stretching process.
  • a plurality of parallel spray tubes 13 are fixedly arranged over both edge zones 14, 14 '. These are also fed via a common manifold 17.
  • a valve 16 is arranged between the manifold and each individual spray tube, so that individual spray tubes can be switched off or on depending on the width of the fabric web to be treated.
  • the quantity of the medium to be sprayed via each individual spray tube can also be controlled via the valves 16.
  • transverse spray pipes can also be fastened over the conical inlet field of the tenter frame, similar to the spray pipes 15 over the side-parallel section. By drilling these pipes, the frequency of which decreases from the outside inwards, more intensive spraying of the edge zones could also be achieved.
  • FIG. 6 An example of a quantity distribution of the sprayed-on weak liquor is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the amount of alkali is entered above the ordinate 0 and the width of the fabric web above the abscissa A.
  • the edge zones R amount to approximately 30% of the total fabric web width. In the outermost areas about three times as much weak liquor is applied as in the central zone M.
  • the total amount i.e. the mean value of the amount of lye in the peripheral zone R is approximately twice as large as the lye portion applied in the central zone M.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Mercerisieren einer Gewebebahn gemäss dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 bzw. von Anspruch 5.The invention relates to a method and a device for mercerizing a fabric web according to the preamble of claim 1 and of claim 5.

In der Regel erfolgt das Besprühen der Gewebebahn in der Breitstreckzone mittels heisser Schwachlauge oder mittels Heissdampf. Dadurch werden Schrumpfkräfte abgebaut und es erfolgt eine Stabilisierung der Gewebebahn. Durch das Breitstrecken selbst wird die durch den Imprägnierprozess ausgelöste Gewebeschrumpfung teilweise wieder ausgeglichen. Ein gattungsmässig vergleichbares Verfahren ist beispielsweise durch die EP-A-O 198 793 der Anmelderin bekannt geworden.As a rule, the fabric web is sprayed in the spreader zone using hot weak lye or hot steam. This reduces shrinkage forces and stabilizes the fabric web. The stretching itself partially compensates for the shrinkage caused by the impregnation process. A method of comparable generic type has become known, for example, from the applicant's EP-A-0 198 793.

Ein bekanntes Problem beim Breitstrecken von Gewebebahnen besteht darin, dass die Streckkräfte unterschiedlich auf die Gewebebahn einwirken, was nach dem Breitstrecken eine ungleichmässige Anordnung der Kettfäden zur Folge hat. Beim Breitstrecken mittels einer Spannkette besteht die Tendenz, dass nur die äusseren Randpartien gestreckt werden, so dass der Streckeffekt gegen die Gewebebahn-Mitte abnimmt. Gerade umgekehrt ist dieser Effekt beim kettenlosen Breitstrecken mittels Breitstreckwalzen. Infolge unterschiedlicher Haftreibung bleibt hier nur die Mittelpartie gestreckt, während die Randzonen leicht eingehen. Zur Vermeidung dieser Nachteile wurde durch die DE-A-1 106 282 bereits vorgeschlagen, dass ein kettenloser Mercerisierteil mit einem sich daran anschliessenden Kettenmercerisierteil zu einer neuen Mercerisiermaschine kombiniert wird. Diese Kombination von zwei verschiedenen Breitstreckvorrichtungen erfordert jedoch einen erheblichen apparativen Aufwand, wobei die Gewebebahn erheb lichen mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt wird, die sich bei empfindlichen Qualitäten nachteilig auswirken können.A known problem with the stretching of fabric webs is that the stretching forces act differently on the fabric web, which results in an uneven arrangement of the warp threads after the stretching. When stretching with a tension chain, there is a tendency that only the outer edge parts are stretched, so that the stretching effect decreases towards the center of the fabric web. This effect is exactly the reverse for chainless spreading using spreading rollers. As a result of different static friction, only the middle section remains stretched, while the marginal zones shrink slightly. In order to avoid these disadvantages, DE-A-1 106 282 has already proposed that a chainless mercerizing part with a chain mercerizing part adjoining it be combined to form a new mercerizing machine. This combination of two different spreader devices, however, requires a considerable outlay in terms of apparatus, the web of fabric increasing is exposed to mechanical loads that can adversely affect sensitive qualities.

Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei dem die Streckung der Gewebebahn über die gesamte Breite gleichmässig und auf schonende Weise ohne aufwendige konstruktive Vorrichtungen erfolgt. Insbesondere der Kettfadenabstand soll über die gesamte Breite der Gewebebahn gleichmässig sein, so dass das Gewebe überall die gleiche Dichte aufweist. Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren gelöst, welches die Merkmale im Anspruch 1 aufweist. Durch diese Massnahme wird zunächst nur die Randzone, nicht aber die Mittelzone der Gewebebahn stabilisiert. Dies hat zur Folge, dass sich die von den Spannketten verursachten Breitstreckkräfte von den bereits stabilisierten Randzonen in die noch nicht oder erst wenig stabilisierte Mittelzone übertragen. Dies ergibt eine etwa gleichmässige Streckkraft über die gesamte Breite der Textilbahn, so dass auch die Kettfäden in der Mittelzone auseinandergezogen werden. Die Streckkräfte erschöpfen sich nicht bereits in der Randzone durch Nachgeben derselben, da dies durch das gezielte Stabilisieren verhindert wird. Die Sprühdichte nimmt von den Randzonen gegen die Mittelzone der Gewebebahn vorteilhaft etwa gleichmässig ab, da sich auch die Streckkräfte gegen die Mitte der Gewebebahn hin reduzieren. Die Randzone beträgt jeweils wenigstens 10% der Warenbreite und höchstens 40% der Warenbreite. Auf die Randzone wird dabei wenigstens die zweifache Menge des heissen Mediums gesprüht.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which the stretching of the fabric web is carried out uniformly and gently over the entire width without complex constructional devices. In particular, the warp thread spacing should be uniform over the entire width of the fabric web, so that the fabric has the same density everywhere. This object is achieved by a method which has the features in claim 1. This measure initially only stabilizes the edge zone, but not the central zone of the fabric web. The consequence of this is that the spreading forces caused by the tensioning chains are transferred from the already stabilized edge zones to the middle zone, which has not yet been stabilized or has not been stabilized yet. This results in an approximately uniform stretching force over the entire width of the textile web, so that the warp threads in the middle zone are also pulled apart. The stretching forces are not exhausted in the marginal zone by giving in, as this is prevented by the targeted stabilization. The spray density advantageously decreases approximately evenly from the edge zones towards the central zone of the fabric web, since the stretching forces also reduce towards the center of the fabric web. The edge zone is at least 10% of the fabric width and at most 40% of the fabric width. At least twice the amount of the hot medium is sprayed onto the edge zone.

In vorrichtungsmässiger Hinsicht wird die gestellte Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung mit dem Merkmalen von Anspruch 5 gelöst. Die Sprühdüsen können an einem Sprührohrpaar angeordnet sein, das im gewünschten Winkel und im gewünschten Abstand zu den Aussenkanten der Gewebebahn über dem konischen Einlauffeld des Spannrahmens angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise sind die Sprührohrpaare im gleichen Winkel wie das konische Einlauffeld angeordnet, so dass die Randzonen im Verlaufe des Vorschubs der Gewebebahn gleichmässig besprüht werden. Die Sprührohre können relativ zur Aussenkante der Gewebebahn im konischen Einlauffeld des Spannrahmens aber auch einen leicht abweichenden Winkel aufweisen. Es wäre auch denkbar, die Sprührohre in ihrer Winkelposition beweglich anzuordnen, so dass im Verlauf des Vorschubs der Gewebebahn eine sich verbreiternde oder verjüngende Randzone besprüht wird. Es wäre schliesslich auch denkbar, Sprührohre zu verwenden, welche in der Ebene der Gewebebahn nach innen oder nach aussen gekrümmt sind. Die intensivere Besprühung der Randzonen könnte sich über das konische Einlauffeld des Spannrahmens hinaus bis in den seitenparallelen Abschnitt erstrecken.In terms of the device, the object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 5. The spray nozzles can be arranged on a pair of spray tubes which is arranged at the desired angle and at the desired distance from the outer edges of the fabric web above the conical inlet field of the tenter frame. The pairs of spray tubes are preferably at the same angle as the conical one Inlet field arranged so that the edge zones are sprayed evenly in the course of the feed of the fabric web. The spray tubes can also have a slightly different angle relative to the outer edge of the fabric web in the conical inlet field of the tenter frame. It would also be conceivable to arrange the spray tubes so that they can move in their angular position, so that a widening or tapering edge zone is sprayed in the course of the advance of the fabric web. Finally, it would also be conceivable to use spray tubes which are curved inwards or outwards in the plane of the fabric web. The more intensive spraying of the edge zones could extend beyond the conical inlet field of the tenter frame into the side-parallel section.

Eine besonders einfache Konstruktion ergibt sich, wenn die Sprühdüsen bezüglich Anordnung und/oder Oeffnungsquerschnitt derart ausgebildet sind, dass die Menge des versprühten Mediums gegen die Mittelzone der Gewebebahn abnimmt. Auf diese Weise genügt ein einziges Sprührohr über beiden Randzonen zum Erreichen des gewünschten Effekts.A particularly simple construction results if the spray nozzles are designed with respect to their arrangement and / or opening cross section such that the amount of the sprayed medium decreases towards the central zone of the fabric web. In this way, a single spray tube over both edge zones is sufficient to achieve the desired effect.

Um unterschiedliche Bahnbreiten behandeln zu können, weist der Spannrahmen vorteilhaft eine Verstellvorrichtung zum Verändern der Distanz zwischen den beiden Spannketten auf, wobei die Sprührohre derart am Spannrahmen befestigt sind, dass sie zusammen mit den Spannketten verstellbar sind. Auf diese Weise haben die Sprührohre über den beiden Randzonen immer etwa die gleiche Distanz zur Aussenkante der Gewebebahn. In bestimmten Fällen kann die Verstellvorrichtung aber auch so ausgebildet sein, dass beim Verstellen der Spannketten die Sprührohre einen proportional geringeren Weg zurücklegen.In order to be able to treat different web widths, the tensioning frame advantageously has an adjusting device for changing the distance between the two tensioning chains, the spray tubes being fastened to the tensioning frame in such a way that they can be adjusted together with the tensioning chains. In this way, the spray pipes above the two edge zones are always approximately the same distance from the outer edge of the fabric web. In certain cases, however, the adjustment device can also be designed such that when the tension chains are adjusted, the spray tubes travel a proportionally shorter distance.

In bestimmten Fällen kann es auch vorteilhaft sein, wenn über jeder Randzone mehrere parallele Sprührohre angeordnet sind, welche einzeln über Steuerventile ansteuerbar sind. Diese Sprührohre können fest angeordnet sein, so dass bei einer anderen Gewebebahnbreite nur die Spannketten verstellt werden müssen. Die Sprühdichte kann durch entsprechende Einstellung der Steuerventile vorgewählt werden. Dabei können einzelne Sprührohre ganz abgeschaltet oder nur teilweise mit dem heissen Medium gespeist werden.In certain cases it can also be advantageous if a plurality of parallel spray tubes are arranged above each edge zone and can be controlled individually via control valves. These Spray tubes can be arranged so that only the tension chains need to be adjusted for a different width of fabric. The spray density can be pre-selected by setting the control valves accordingly. Individual spray pipes can be switched off completely or only partially fed with the hot medium.

Die Randzonen betragen vorzugsweise etwa 30% der eingestellten Gewebebahnbreite, jedoch wenigstens 10% und nicht mehr als 40%.The edge zones are preferably about 30% of the set web width, but at least 10% and not more than 40%.

Für den vollständigen Abschluss des Mercerisierprozesses können über dem seitenparallelen Feld des Spannrahmens quer zur Gewebebahn verlaufende Sprührohre angeordnet sein, welche mit über die ganze Breite der Gewebebahn gleichmässig verteilten Sprühdüsen versehen sind. Das seitenparallele Feld des Spannrahmens schliesst sich unmittelbar an das konische Einlauffeld mit den Sprührohren über den Randzonen an. Die quer zur Gewebebahn angeordneten Sprührohre besprühen die gestreckte Gewebebahn gleichmässig über die gesamte Breite und bewirken so eine abschliessende Stabilisierung.For the completion of the mercerization process, spray tubes extending across the side-parallel field of the tenter frame can be arranged, which are provided with spray nozzles evenly distributed over the entire width of the fabric web. The side-parallel field of the stenter connects directly to the conical inlet field with the spray pipes above the edge zones. The spray tubes, which are arranged transversely to the fabric web, spray the stretched fabric web evenly over the entire width and thus bring about a final stabilization.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden nachstehend genauer beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1a die Kettfadenabstände nach dem Behandeln auf einer Kettenmercerisiermaschine gemäss Stand der Technik,
  • Figur 1b die Kettfadenabstände nach dem Behandeln auf einer kettenlosen Mercerisiermaschine gemäss Stand der Technik,
  • Figur 1c die Kettfadenabstände nach dem Behandeln auf einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,
  • Figur 2 einen stark vereinfachten Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgmässe Vorrichtung,
  • Figur 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäss Figur 2,
  • Figur 4 einen Querschnitt durch die Ebene A-A bei Figur 2,
  • Figur 5 einen Querschnitt durch ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel mit mehreren Sprührohren,
  • Figur 6 eine schematische Darstellung der Mengenverteilung der auf die Gewebebahn aufgebrachten Lauge, und
  • Figur 7 eine Draufsicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Figur 5.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below. Show it:
  • 1a shows the warp thread spacing after treatment on a chain mercerizing machine according to the prior art,
  • FIG. 1b the warp thread spacing after treatment on a chainless mercerizing machine according to the prior art,
  • 1c the warp thread spacing after treatment on a device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 shows a greatly simplified cross section through a device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of the device according to FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the plane AA in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through an alternative exemplary embodiment with a plurality of spray tubes,
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of the quantity distribution of the alkali applied to the fabric web, and
  • FIG. 7 shows a top view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5.

Die Figuren 1a und 1b zeigen die bereits einleitend erwähnten Nachteile bei einem Breitstreckverfahren gemäss Stand der Technik. Bei Figur 1a haben die Kettfäden 1 in den beiden Randzonen 14 und 14′ einen grösseren Abstand b als der Abstand a in der Mittelzone 19. Diese Erscheinung tritt bei bekannten Kettenspannfeldern ohne gesteuerte Stabilisierung der Gewebebahn auf. Die Breitstreckkräfte wirken fast ausschliesslich auf die beiden Randzonen ein, während die Mittelzone 19 unverändert bleibt.FIGS. 1a and 1b show the disadvantages already mentioned in the introduction in a spreader method according to the prior art. In Figure 1a, the warp threads 1 in the two edge zones 14 and 14 'have a greater distance b than the distance a in the central zone 19. This phenomenon occurs in known chain tensioning fields without controlled stabilization of the fabric web. The spreading forces act almost exclusively on the two peripheral zones, while the central zone 19 remains unchanged.

Bei einem Breitstrecken durch speziell ausgebildete Stabilisier- oder Breitstreckwalzen tritt ein gegenteiliger, aber ebenso unerwünschter Effekt ein, wie Figur 1b zeigt. Der Breitstreckeffekt nimmt von der Mitte her gegen aussen ab, so dass die Distanz a zwischen den Kettfäden in den Randzonen kleiner ist als die Distanz b in der Mittelzone 19. Es ist naheliegend, dass eine mercerisierte Gewebebahn mit einem Aufbau gemäss einer der Figuren 1a oder 1b nicht der gewünschten Qualität entspricht.In the case of spreading by means of specially designed stabilizing or spreading rollers, an opposite but equally undesirable effect occurs, as shown in FIG. 1b. The spreading effect decreases from the center towards the outside, so that the distance a between the warp threads in the edge zones is smaller than the distance b in the middle zone 19. It is obvious that a mercerized fabric web with a structure according to one of the figures 1a or 1b does not correspond to the desired quality.

Figur 1c zeigt den an sich angestrebten und mit dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren auch erreichten Aufbau der Gewebebahn, bei dem die Kettfäden 1 sowohl in der Mittelzone 19, als auch in den Randzonen 14 und 14′ einen gleichmässigen Abstand c aufweisen. Dieser gleichmässige Abstand wird durch eine örtlich differenzierte Steuerung des Stabilisierungsprozesses erreicht, so dass sich die Breitstreckkräfte von aussen her gleichmässig über die gesamte Breite der Gewebebahn erstrecken können.FIG. 1c shows the structure of the fabric web, which is aimed at and also achieved with the method according to the invention, in which the warp threads 1 have a uniform distance c both in the central zone 19 and in the edge zones 14 and 14 '. This uniform distance is achieved by locally differentiated control of the stabilization process, so that the spreading forces can extend uniformly from the outside over the entire width of the fabric web.

Wie in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellt ist, besteht eine Mercerisiermaschine 3 aus verschiedenen Bearbeitungsabschnitten, welche von der endlosen Gewebebahn kontinuierlich durchlaufen werden. Die Gewebebahn 2 wird dabei in einer Einführzone 4 in die Imprägnierzone 5 eingeführt, wo die Imprägnierung in gebundener Bahnführung in einem Heisslaugenbad erfolgt. Der Imprägnierzone folgt eine Kühlzone 6 und eine Verweilzone 7. Wie aus Figur 3 ersichtlich ist, nimmt in diesen beiden letzten Zonen die Breite der Gewebebahn 2 durch Schrumpfung kontinuierlich ab. Die Gewebebahn muss daher in der Breitstreckzone 8 auf möglichst schonende Weise wiederum gestreckt werden. Anschliessend folgt die Stabilisier- und Entlaugungszone 9, wo der Mercerisierprozess abgeschlossen wird. Die derart behandelte Gewebebahn 2 wird dann einer Nachbehandlungsmaschine 10 zugeführt. Einzelheiten über ein derartiges Mercerisierverfahren können beispielsweise der eingangs erwähnten EP-A-198 793 entnommen werden.As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a mercerizing machine 3 consists of various processing sections which are continuously traversed by the endless fabric web. The fabric web 2 is introduced in an insertion zone 4 into the impregnation zone 5, where the impregnation takes place in a bound web guide in a hot-water bath. The impregnation zone is followed by a cooling zone 6 and a dwell zone 7. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the width of the fabric web 2 continuously decreases in these last two zones due to shrinkage. The fabric web must therefore be stretched again in the spreading zone 8 in the most gentle manner possible. This is followed by the stabilization and leaching zone 9, where the mercerization process is completed. The fabric web 2 treated in this way is then fed to an aftertreatment machine 10. Details of such a mercerization process can be found, for example, in EP-A-198 793 mentioned at the beginning.

In der Breitstreckzone 8 ist ein Spannrahmen 11 angeordnet, der mit einem Spannkettenpaar 12 versehen ist. Diese Spannketten erfassen auf an sich bekannte Weise mittels Nadelleisten und/oder Klemmen kraftschlüssig die Gewebekanten und strecken diese im konischen Einlauffeld des Spannrahmens, wo sich die Distanz zwischen den beiden Spannketten vergrössert. Anschliessend wird die Gewebebahn durch die Spannketten in einem seitenparallelen Abschnitt noch über eine bestimmte Distanz gehalten. Es war bereits bekannt, über dem Spannrahmen 11 und insbesondere auch über dem konischen Einlauffeld aus Sprühdüsen heisse Schwachlauge auf die Gewebebahn aufzusprühen. Dadurch wird ein schonendes Abbauen der Schrumpfkräfte und eine Stabilisierung der gestreckten Gewebebahn erreicht.A tensioning frame 11 is arranged in the spreading zone 8 and is provided with a pair of tensioning chains 12. These tension chains grip the fabric edges in a manner known per se by means of needle bars and / or clamps and stretch them in the conical entry field of the tension frame, where the distance between the two tension chains increases. Then the fabric web is stretched over a certain length in a section parallel to the sides by the tension chains Kept at a distance. It was already known to spray hot weak liquor onto the fabric web over the tenter frame 11 and in particular also over the conical inlet field from spray nozzles. This reduces the shrinkage forces gently and stabilizes the stretched fabric web.

Erfindungsgemäss erfolgt die Besprühung mit heisser Schwachlauge oder mit einem anderen heissen Medium nun derart, dass im konischen Einlauffeld die Randzonen 14, 14′ intensiver besprüht werden als die Mittelzone 19. Dies wird durch die Sprührohre 13 und 13′ erreicht, welche über den Randzonen etwa im gleichen Winkel wie das Einlauffeld angeordnet sind. An diesen Sprührohren sind nicht näher dargestellte Sprühdüsen z.B. in der Form einfacher Bohrungen angeordnet, welche eine von aussen nach innen abnehmende Sprühdichte erzielen, wie in Figur 4 dargestellt ist. Damit sich auch die Sprührohre 13, 13′ an unterschiedliche Gewebebahnbreiten anpassen, sind die Sprührohre derart am Spannrahmen 11 befestigt, dass sie zusammen mit den Spannketten 12 in der Breite verstellt werden können. In Figur 4 ist symbolisch eine Verstellvorrichtung 18 dargestellt, an der z.B. über eine Spindel mit Hilfe eines Motors M die Sprührohre 13 und die Spannketten 12 verstellt werden können. Die Spindel hat gegenläufige Gewindeabschnitte, so dass sich die darauf sitzenden Muttern beim Drehen der Spindel aufeinander zu oder voneinander weg bewegen. Beide Sprührohre werden über eine gemeinsame Sammelleitung 17 gespeist. Bei verstellbaren Sprührohren sind diese beispielsweise über einen flexiblen Schlauch an die Sammelleitung angeschlossen.According to the invention, the spraying with hot weak liquor or with another hot medium is now carried out in such a way that the edge zones 14, 14 'are sprayed more intensively than the central zone 19 in the conical inlet field are arranged at the same angle as the inlet field. On these spray tubes there are spray nozzles, not shown in more detail, e.g. arranged in the form of simple bores which achieve a spray density that decreases from the outside inwards, as shown in FIG. So that the spray tubes 13, 13 'adapt to different fabric web widths, the spray tubes are attached to the tenter frame 11 such that they can be adjusted in width together with the tension chains 12. An adjusting device 18 is shown symbolically in FIG. The spray tubes 13 and the tension chains 12 can be adjusted via a spindle with the aid of a motor M. The spindle has opposite thread sections so that the nuts sitting on it move towards or away from each other when the spindle is turned. Both spray tubes are fed via a common manifold 17. In the case of adjustable spray pipes, these are connected to the manifold, for example, via a flexible hose.

Im seitenparallelen Feld des Spannrahmens 11 sind quer stehende Sprührohre 15 angeordnet, über welche nach dem abgeschlossenen Streckprozess eine gleichmässige Besprühung mit Lauge erfolgt.In the side-parallel field of the clamping frame 11, transverse spray tubes 15 are arranged, via which a uniform spraying with lye takes place after the completed stretching process.

Beim alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss den Figuren 5 und 7 sind über beiden Randzonen 14, 14′ jeweils mehrere parallele Sprührohre 13 fest angeordnet. Diese werden ebenfalls über eine gemeinsame Sammelleitung 17 gespeist. Zwischen der Sammelleitung und jedem einzelnen Sprührohr ist jedoch ein Ventil 16 angeordnet, so dass je nach Breite der zu behandelnden Gewebebahn einzelne Sprührohre abgeschaltet bzw. zugeschaltet werden können. Ueber die Ventile 16 kann auch die Menge des über jedes einzelne Sprührohr zu versprühenden Mediums gesteuert werden. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel hat den Vorteil, dass die Sprührohre nicht seitenverschiebbar gelagert werden müssen.In the alternative embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 7, a plurality of parallel spray tubes 13 are fixedly arranged over both edge zones 14, 14 '. These are also fed via a common manifold 17. However, a valve 16 is arranged between the manifold and each individual spray tube, so that individual spray tubes can be switched off or on depending on the width of the fabric web to be treated. The quantity of the medium to be sprayed via each individual spray tube can also be controlled via the valves 16. This embodiment has the advantage that the spray tubes do not have to be mounted so that they can be moved laterally.

Ersichtlicherweise könnten die Sprühdüsen zur Erreichung des gewünschten Effekts auch noch auf andere Weise angeordnet werden. So könnten z.B. auch über dem konischen Einlauffeld des Spannrahmens querstehende Sprührohre befestigt sein, ähnlich wie die Sprührohre 15 über dem seitenparallelen Abschnitt. Durch Bohrungen an diesen Rohren, deren Häufigkeit von aussen nach innen abnimmt, könnte ebenfalls eine intensivere Besprühung der Randzonen erreicht werden.Obviously, the spray nozzles could also be arranged in another way to achieve the desired effect. For example, transverse spray pipes can also be fastened over the conical inlet field of the tenter frame, similar to the spray pipes 15 over the side-parallel section. By drilling these pipes, the frequency of which decreases from the outside inwards, more intensive spraying of the edge zones could also be achieved.

Ein Beispiel einer Mengenverteilung der aufgesprühten Schwachlauge ist in Figur 6 dargestellt. Ueber der Ordinate 0 ist dabei die Laugenmenge und über der Abszisse A die Gewebebahnbreite eingetragen. Die Randzonen R betragen ca. 30% der gesamten Gewebebahnbreite. In den äussersten Bereichen wird etwa dreimal so viel Schwachlauge aufgetragen wie in der Mittelzone M. Die Gesamtmenge d.h. der Mittelwert der Laugenmenge in der Randzone R ist etwa doppelt so gross wie der in der Mittelzone M aufgetragene Laugenanteil.An example of a quantity distribution of the sprayed-on weak liquor is shown in FIG. 6. The amount of alkali is entered above the ordinate 0 and the width of the fabric web above the abscissa A. The edge zones R amount to approximately 30% of the total fabric web width. In the outermost areas about three times as much weak liquor is applied as in the central zone M. The total amount i.e. the mean value of the amount of lye in the peripheral zone R is approximately twice as large as the lye portion applied in the central zone M.

Ersichtlicherweise kann je nach Beschaffenheit, Anordnung und/oder Beeinflussung der Sprühdüsen der Kurvenverlauf geändert werden.Obviously, the course of the curve can be changed depending on the nature, arrangement and / or influence of the spray nozzles.

Claims (11)

1. Method of mercerizing a textile web (2), by which, after impregnation, the textile web (2) is stretched in width by means of a pair of tensioning chains (12) in a tensioning frame (11), whereby the textile web (2) is sprayed with a hot medium, for the purpose of stabilisation, out of spray nozzles arranged above the tensioning frame, characterized in that, at least in the conical run-in field of the tensioning frame (11), the edge zones (14, 14′) of the texlile web (2) are sprayed to a greater degree than the middle zone (19).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the spray density of the edge zones (14, 14′) decreases approximately evenly toward the middle zone (19) of the textile web (2).
3. Method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the edge zones (14, 14′) amount in each case to at least 10% and at most 40% of the product width.
4. Method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least twice the amount of hot medium is sprayed onto the edge zones (14, 14′).
5. Device for mercerizing a textile web (2) with a tensioning frame (11) which exhbits a pair of tensioning chains (12) for stretching the textile web (2) in width after impregnation and with spray nozzles arranged above the tensioning frame (11) for spraying the textile web with hot medium, characterized in that the spray nozzles are arranged to extend beyond both the edge zones (14, 14′) of the textile web (2), at least in the conical run-in field of the tensioning frame (11).
6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the edge zones (14, 14′) amount in each case to at least 10%, at most 40%, preferably however 30% of the adjusted textile web width.
7. Device according to claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the spray nozzles are arranged at least one to each spray tube (13) which is arranged above the edge zone (14) at approximately the same angle as the tensioning chain (12) on both sides of the textile web (2) in the conical run-in field.
8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the spray nozzles are formed, regarding their arrangement and/or opening cross section, in such a way that the amount of sprayed medium decreases towards the middle zone (129) of the textile web (2).
9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the tensioning frame (11) exhibits a known type of adjustment device (18) for altering the distance between both the tensioning chains (12) and that the spray tubes (13) are fixed to the tensioning frame in such a way that they are able to be adjusted together with the tensioning chains.
10. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that numerous parallel spray tubes (13), with are individually controllable by means of control valves (16), are arranged above each edge zone (14).
11. Device according to one of the claims 5 to 10, characterized in that spray tubes (15), running across the textile web (2), are arranged above the parallel sided field of the tensioning frame, which are equipped with regularly distributed spray nozzles over the entire width of the textile web.
EP88810544A 1987-08-26 1988-08-11 Method and apparatus for mercerizing a fabric Expired - Lifetime EP0305326B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3273/87 1987-08-26
CH327387 1987-08-26

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EP0305326A1 EP0305326A1 (en) 1989-03-01
EP0305326B1 true EP0305326B1 (en) 1991-04-24

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EP (1) EP0305326B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6477670A (en)
DE (1) DE3862548D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2022709B3 (en)

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JPH0645391U (en) * 1992-11-28 1994-06-14 パロマ工業株式会社 Mounting board mounting box
US5775382A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-07-07 Chu; Wilson Process for manufacturing textile
DE502005002400D1 (en) * 2005-01-28 2008-02-14 Benninger Ag Maschf Method and device for treating a wide, textile web
EP2885989B1 (en) 2013-12-17 2016-07-27 Mayser GmbH & Co. KG Method and assembly for forming textile fabrics
DE102013114186B4 (en) * 2013-12-17 2016-03-31 Mayser Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for shaping textile structures and textiles produced therewith
JP7512844B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2024-07-09 オムロン株式会社 Learning method, trained model, detection system, detection method, and program

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US1159729A (en) * 1914-06-17 1915-11-09 Arthur M Stevens Device for feeding liquid on the selvage of cloth or other material.
US2239636A (en) * 1937-10-15 1941-04-22 Heberlein Patent Corp Mercerizing apparatus
US2613521A (en) * 1948-07-08 1952-10-14 American Viscose Corp Apparatus for handling tricot fabrics
US2613522A (en) * 1949-09-14 1952-10-14 American Viscose Corp Apparatus for treating fabrics and uncurling the edges thereof
US2769685A (en) * 1952-05-10 1956-11-06 Cluett Peabody & Co Inc Treatment of cotton fabrics to increase their lustre by applying mercerizing caustic soda and heavy pressure
DE1106282B (en) 1959-03-10 1961-05-10 Kleinewefers Soehne J Mercerizing plant
JPS61661A (en) * 1984-06-11 1986-01-06 塚本　和子 Caustic alkali treatment of knitted fabric
CH673746B5 (en) 1985-03-21 1990-10-15 Benninger Ag Maschf
DE3535592A1 (en) * 1985-10-05 1987-05-14 Giselher Valk & Partner Gmbh P Process for the mercerising of knitted fabric and apparatus for carrying out the process

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US4924545A (en) 1990-05-15
JPS6477670A (en) 1989-03-23
EP0305326A1 (en) 1989-03-01
ES2022709B3 (en) 1991-12-01
DE3862548D1 (en) 1991-05-29
JPH0258387B2 (en) 1990-12-07

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