EP0301967B1 - Harfe aus zusammengesetztem Werkstoff - Google Patents

Harfe aus zusammengesetztem Werkstoff Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0301967B1
EP0301967B1 EP88401960A EP88401960A EP0301967B1 EP 0301967 B1 EP0301967 B1 EP 0301967B1 EP 88401960 A EP88401960 A EP 88401960A EP 88401960 A EP88401960 A EP 88401960A EP 0301967 B1 EP0301967 B1 EP 0301967B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
harp
neck
pillar
soundboard
cone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88401960A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0301967A1 (de
Inventor
Didier Budin
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Individual
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
    • G10D1/04—Plucked or strummed string instruments, e.g. harps or lyres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/06—Necks; Fingerboards, e.g. fret boards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/22—Material for manufacturing stringed musical instruments; Treatment of the material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a harp and more particularly to a new harp made of composite material.
  • Harps have been known since antiquity, and are traditionally made of wood.
  • a harp is made up of a set of strings stretched between a ras called “console” and a soundboard secured to a resonance box, this box being placed at about 30 to 35 ° relative to the direction of the strings.
  • the body is connected on the one hand to the console by means of an upper sole and a bent piece called abutment, and on the other hand to the base by a lower sole.
  • the harp further comprises a vertical column connecting the console to said base.
  • pedal harps The two best known types of harps are pedal harps and Celtic harps.
  • pedal harps the vibrating length of each string can be adjusted using a "mechanical", which allows sharp and beak changes. Consequently, the column is pierced with a longitudinal central orifice allowing the passage of several rods connecting the mechanics located on the console to adjustment pedals placed in the base.
  • the console is made of glued laminated wood covered with veneer, then a solid carved wooden abutment, also glued, is adjusted on it.
  • the body is made of molded wood, it has a U-shaped cross section, and it is reinforced by vertical "beams” and arches, and provided towards the rear with openings (gills) allowing the sound to escape. On its high ends and Low are adjusted upper and lower soles which respectively receive the console abutment and the base.
  • the soundboard is made of special wooden slats, whose thickness decreases from bottom to top and from the center to the sides. These slats are arranged contiguously. This table is reinforced inwards by a large counter bridge and outwards by a lighter bridge. These last three pieces are glued together and drilled for the passage of the strings, it will be noted that the bridge is reinforced at this passage.
  • the column is, in turn, formed of several pieces of wood of a length corresponding to the total height of the column, glued parallel to each other. This column is connected by a fitting on the lower sole.
  • the base supporting the assembly is formed from various wooden parts and has notches for the passage of the pedals.
  • harps have many drawbacks: they are very heavy and therefore difficult to transport, they are sensitive to variations in temperature and humidity, which cause the woods to play, and as a result the harps are likely to go out of tune, to break and take off.
  • woods are not homogeneous and it is only when the harp is built that we know if we have made a good quality instrument or not.
  • the objective of the invention is to make a harp from composite material and to no longer use wood.
  • Composite materials make it possible to make a harp that weighs less than a conventional harp, by around 40%, and therefore easier to transport.
  • Composite materials also have better mechanical characteristics, are less sensitive to variations in temperature and humidity and are homogeneous.
  • a second objective of the invention is to obtain a harp at a lower cost price.
  • a third objective of the invention is to be able to easily disassemble the mechanics without having to relax all the strings.
  • a final objective of the invention is to control the quality of the sounds and to personalize the harps by their tones, their shapes or their colors.
  • a harp in particular of the type of pedal harps or Celtic harps, comprising a console, a abutment, a column joining said console to a table, a body provided with the soundboard and an easel, said body being connected on the one hand to the abutment of said console by an upper sole and on the other hand to a base by a lower sole, harp characterized in that the console and the abutment are formed in one and the same piece, as well as the body and its upper and lower soles, the soundboard being molded with the bridge and pierced with gills and having another lower sole s extending laterally, the column being, in turn, produced in a single piece, and being connected by each of its ends to the console and to the second lower flange respectively by an upper cone and a lower cone, c es various constructive elements of the harp being made of identical or different composite materials.
  • the harp according to the invention will now be described, it is entirely made of composite material.
  • the harp comprises just like a conventional harp a console 1, and a soundboard 2 secured to a body 3, between which the strings are normally stretched.
  • a bridge 4 is further molded on said soundboard 2 and these two parts are pierced with holes allowing the passage of the strings.
  • a column 5 connects the console 1 to a sole, and the body 3 is itself fixed on a base 6. Said base is only used to support the harp and to accommodate the bottom bracket.
  • the console 1 and the abutment 7, whose shapes are identical to those of conventional harps, are formed in one and the same piece.
  • the console 1 carries perpendicularly pegs 12 on which the strings are fixed and wound, these pegs allowing the tension of the strings to be adjusted.
  • the body 3 is a kind of "gutter", that is to say that its cross section is U-shaped, nevertheless its depth p (distance between the bottom of said body and the opening of the U) is decreasing from the bottom of the harp up.
  • This body is molded with an upper sole 15 and a lower sole 25.
  • the upper sole 15 closes the upper U-shaped end of the body and the sole 25 the lower end of said body 3. These parts have a half shape -circle.
  • the body 3 being wider at its lower part than at its upper part, the sole 25 is consequently of dimensions greater than the sole 15.
  • the box 3 is closed at the top by a soundboard 2 in the form of an isosceles trapezoid extending in its lower part by a lower sole 16.
  • This sole 16 is horizontal and makes an angle of approximately 125 ° with the soundboard 2.
  • the thickness of the soundboard 2 is decreasing from the bottom up and from the center to the sides.
  • This soundboard 2 is reinforced towards the outside by an easel 4 extending longitudinally and in the center of said table.
  • adjustment spacers 40 are placed inside said box 3 towards the opening of the U, these spacers can for example consist of a hollow cylinder 41 tapped at one end and closed at the other, and provided with a screw 42, the closed end of the cylinder 41 is provided with a square 43 which is housed in a cavity 44 of the same shape and corresponding dimensions, located on the internal face of one of the side walls of the body 3.
  • This screw 42 has a threaded part 45, integral with a smooth cylinder 46 and a screw head 47.
  • the diameter of the threaded part 45 is slightly less than the internal diameter of the cylinder 41 so that it can be screwed into it.
  • the diameter of the cylinder 46 is less than the diameter of the threaded part 45, and this cylinder 46 is designed to pass through a cylindrical opening 48, of very slightly greater diameter, provided in the side wall of the body 3 opposite the cavity 44.
  • the screw head 47 is provided with a groove intended to allow screwing by means of a screwdriver for example.
  • the cylinder 46 is provided with two grooves intended to each receive a circlip 49. The distance between the two grooves is slightly greater than the length of the opening 48, so that, when the spacer 40 is in place, there is a groove on each side of the side wall of the box 3.
  • the cylinder 41 can be opened at its two ends and provided at each end with a screw 42.
  • the cavity 44 is then replaced by an opening identical to the opening 48.
  • Column 5 is cut from a standard tube made of composite material, it is therefore formed in one piece and has a central cylindrical recess 17 extending substantially along the axis of the column, from one end to the other of it, and allowing the possible passage of the rods of the mechanics.
  • the junctions between said column 5 and the console 1 on the one hand, and between column 5 and the bottom flange 16 (and therefore the table 2) on the other hand, are produced respectively by an upper cone 10 and a lower cone 11 These two cones are truncated.
  • the small bases of the lower 11 and upper 10 cones are provided in the center with a cylindrical cavity 50, the diameter of which corresponds to the external diameter of the column 5.
  • This cavity 50 is extended in the cone 11 by a recess 18 and in the cone 10 by a recess 24 described later.
  • the recesses 18 and 24 have a diameter smaller than that of the cavities 50.
  • the upper cone 10 can be molded with the console 1 and the lower cone 11 can be molded directly with the lower sole 16 and the soundboard 2.
  • All of the lower soles 16 and 25 are screwed onto a base 6 which is parallelepiped.
  • All of the other connections between the parts are preferably made by gluing with epoxy or polyester glues.
  • the column 5 can be molded directly with the console and the cone 10 in order to form a single assembly.
  • the lower cone 11 is molded with a recess 18, the lower sole 16 with an orifice 19, and the upper cone 10 with a recess 24 opening on the one hand into the cavity 50 and on the other hand, laterally, in the direction of the console 1.
  • the base generally has five faces and does not necessarily have an upper face, however if this is the case it will be pierced of an orifice 21. When all these parts are assembled, all of these recesses and orifices are superimposed in order to allow the passage of the rods.
  • one of the side walls of the base 6 is provided with openings 22 for the passage of the pedals.
  • the cheeks 8 are fixed by ankles or screwed on the console 1 and they are made of composite material or possibly metal. Thus, during a repair, said cheeks 8 can easily be removed without having to dismantle the strings, since the tension exerted by the strings can easily be supported by the console 1.
  • All the parts of the harp according to the invention are made of composite materials chosen from the group comprising glass fibers, carbon, and a fiber consisting of polyparaphenyleneterephthalamide, known commercially under the name of Kévlar.
  • the base 6 is made of fiberglass, the carbon or fiberglass table, the body and the column in a carbon / Kevlar mixture and the console in a carbon, Kevlar and glass mixture. All of these parts are glued with epoxy or polyester glues.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Table Equipment (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Harfe, insbesondere Pedalharfe oder keltische Harfe, mit einem Hals (1), einem Widerlager (7), einer den Hals (1) mit einem Resonanzboden (2) verbindenden Säule (5), einem mit dem Resonanzboden (2) und einem Steg (4) versehenen Korpus (3), der einerseits über eine obere Abschlußplatte (15) mit dem Widerlager (7) des Halses (1) und andererseits über eine untere Abschlußplatte (25) mit einem Sockel (6) verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hals (1) und das Widerlager (7) sowie auch der Korpus (3) und seine obere und untere Abschlußplatte (15, 25) einstückig ausgebildet sind, daß der Resonanzboden (2) mit dem Steg (4) geformt und von Schallöchern (20) durchbrochen ist und eine weitere sich seitlich erstreckende, untere Abschlußplatte (16) aufweist, daß die Säule für sich aus einem einzigen Stück ausgebildet und mit ihren beiden Enden mit dem Hals (1) und der zweiten unteren Abschlußplatte (16) über einen oberen Konus (10) beziehungsweise über einen unteren Konus (11) verbunden ist, wobei die verschiedenen Bestandteile der Harfe aus identischen oder verschiedenen zusammengesetzten Werkstoffen aufgebaut sind.
2. Harfe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der obere Konus (10) und der untere Konus (11) in sich abgeschlossen und auf den Hals (1) bzw. die untere Abschlußplatte (16) geklebt und durch Vertie fungen (50) an ihren kleineren Grundflächen an beide Enden der Säule (5) genau eingepaßt sind, wobei der Durchmesser dieser Vertiefungen (50) dem äußeren Durchmesser der Säule (5) entspricht.
3. Harfe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der obere Konus (10) und der untere Konus (11) Gußteile sind, wobei der erste mit dem Hals (1) und der zweite mit dem Resonanzboden (2) vergossen ist.
4. Harfe nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei die Regelmechanik für Kreuze und Auflösungszeichen tragende Seitenwände (8) lösbar unter dem Hals (1) befestigt sind, wobei sich die zwei Seitenwände (8) exakt an den Hals (1) anschmieden, jedoch weniger dick als dieser sind, und daß die beiden Seitenwände (8) aus einem zusammengesetzten Werkstoff bestehen.
5. Harfe nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die verwendeten zusammengesetzten Werkstoffe aus der Materialgruppe Kohlenstoff, Kevlar (eingetragenes Warenzeichen) und Glasfaser ausgewählt sind.
6. Harfe nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sockel (6) aus Glasfaser, der Resonanzboden (2) aus Kohlenstoff oder aus Glasfaser, der Korpus (3) und die Säule (5) aus einer Kohlenstöff/Kevlar (eingetragenes Warenzeichen)Mischung und der Hals (1) aus einer Mischung aus Kohlenstoff, Glas und Kevlar (eingetragenes Warenzeichen) bestehen.
7. Harfe nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Korpus (3) im Querschnitt U-förmig ist und in seinem Inneren mindestens einen Spreizer (40) für die Tonregelung aufweist, wobei dieser Spreizer (40) zur Öffnung des U's hin und senkrecht zu den Seitenwänden des Korpus (3) angeordnet ist.
8. Harfe nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spreizer (40) aus einem hohlen Zylinder (41) mit einem Innengewinde an mindestens an einem seiner Enden und mit mindestens einer Schraube (42) besteht, wobei die Schraube in den Gewindeabschnitt eingreift und durch eine in der Seitenwand des Korpus (3) vorgesehene Öffnung (48) hindurchgeht.
9. Pedalharfe nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Säule (5) eine sich über die Länge der Säule von einem Ende zum anderen erstreckende Aussparung (17) aufweist, der untere Konus (11) eine Aussparung (18), die untere Abschlußplatte (16) eine Öffnung (19), die Oberseite des Sockels (6) eine Öffnung (21) und der obere Konus (10) eine Aussparung (24) aufweisen, die sich einerseits zur Vertiefung (50) und andererseits seitlich in Richtung zum Hals (1) hinöffnet, und daß eine der Seitenwände des Sockels (6) mit mindestens einer Öffnung (22) als Durchlaß für die Pedale versehen ist.
10. Harfe ohne Mechanik oder "keltische" Harfe nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Säule (5), der obere Konus (10) und der Hals (1) als ein einziges Gußteil ausgebildet sind.
EP88401960A 1987-07-31 1988-07-28 Harfe aus zusammengesetztem Werkstoff Expired - Lifetime EP0301967B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8710900 1987-07-31
FR8710900A FR2618935B1 (fr) 1987-07-31 1987-07-31 Nouvelle harpe en materiau composite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0301967A1 EP0301967A1 (de) 1989-02-01
EP0301967B1 true EP0301967B1 (de) 1992-03-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88401960A Expired - Lifetime EP0301967B1 (de) 1987-07-31 1988-07-28 Harfe aus zusammengesetztem Werkstoff

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US (1) US4919024A (de)
EP (1) EP0301967B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3868759D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2618935B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2654859B1 (fr) * 1989-11-17 1992-04-03 Budin Didier Procede de renforcement de la table d'harmonie d'une harpe, et de prevention des points de rupture de cette table.
DE29503455U1 (de) * 1995-03-01 1995-06-08 Spindler, Wolfgang, Prof. Dr., 96049 Bamberg Spitzharfe
US20110185877A1 (en) * 2009-07-17 2011-08-04 Sunny Ahn Stringed musical instrument
IT1401000B1 (it) * 2010-06-15 2013-07-05 N S M S P A Cassa armonica perfezionata per un'arpa e procedimento per la sua realizzazione
US20140366704A1 (en) * 2013-06-13 2014-12-18 David Charles Woodworth Carbon fiber pedal harp

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US608058A (en) * 1898-07-26 Gustaye frantz lyon
US147689A (en) * 1874-02-17 Improvement in harps
US526630A (en) * 1894-09-25 Leopold lehman
US1501907A (en) * 1921-08-19 1924-07-22 Walter I Kirk Harp
US1637539A (en) * 1922-06-28 1927-08-02 Wurlitzer Co Harp damper
US1702643A (en) * 1927-05-28 1929-02-19 Robert W Claiborne Musical instrument
US1817951A (en) * 1929-08-05 1931-08-11 Emil O Starke Harp
US3427915A (en) * 1964-08-19 1969-02-18 Melvin Mooney Acoustic panels
FR2304976A1 (fr) * 1975-03-20 1976-10-15 Le Bihan Pierre Petite harpe diatonique
US4364990A (en) * 1975-03-31 1982-12-21 The University Of South Carolina Construction material for stringed musical instruments
JPS5990205A (ja) * 1982-11-15 1984-05-24 Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd 音響機器用板材
DE3333683A1 (de) * 1983-09-17 1985-04-04 Hans-Joachim 8451 Kümmersbruck Burger Harfe mit kastenzarge und resonanzdecke

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0301967A1 (de) 1989-02-01
DE3868759D1 (de) 1992-04-09
FR2618935A1 (fr) 1989-02-03
FR2618935B1 (fr) 1989-11-24
US4919024A (en) 1990-04-24

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