EP0300262A1 - Method of drawing-off work from a bar or tube extrusion press, and control system of a drawing-off device therefor - Google Patents

Method of drawing-off work from a bar or tube extrusion press, and control system of a drawing-off device therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0300262A1
EP0300262A1 EP88110678A EP88110678A EP0300262A1 EP 0300262 A1 EP0300262 A1 EP 0300262A1 EP 88110678 A EP88110678 A EP 88110678A EP 88110678 A EP88110678 A EP 88110678A EP 0300262 A1 EP0300262 A1 EP 0300262A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strand
force
summand
pulling
length
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88110678A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0300262B1 (en
Inventor
Horst Groos
Karl-Heinz Schütte
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SMS Hasenclever GmbH
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SMS Hasenclever GmbH
SMS Hasenclever Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Application filed by SMS Hasenclever GmbH, SMS Hasenclever Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical SMS Hasenclever GmbH
Priority to AT88110678T priority Critical patent/ATE74803T1/en
Publication of EP0300262A1 publication Critical patent/EP0300262A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
    • B21C35/02—Removing or drawing-off work

Definitions

  • the travel drives with the measurement and control of the tensile force to be applied to the strands have been improved in numerous proposals to the effect that more precise and direct measurement of the tensile force on the grippers and specially designed drive drives
  • a tensile force that is constant and as low as possible is sufficient to keep the strands stretched and to prevent the occurrence of compressive forces in the strand.
  • the invention also aims to improve the cross-sectional tolerances of the extruded strands drawn from an extrusion press by minimizing the tensile force acting in the region of the die and influencing the strand formation in the strand.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the strand with increasing distance from the die can be loaded with increasing tensile force due to the cooling, without cross-sectional changes occurring.
  • the procedure according to the invention is such that a tensile force (pulling force) which is adapted to the cross section and the flow behavior in the die increases the unit weight and the coefficient of friction, which increases proportionally to the extruded strand length between the line and the exit table taking into account the pulling force (towing force).
  • a tensile force pulseling force
  • the tensile force prevailing in the die area can be kept constant at a minimum value sufficient to keep the strand elongated.
  • the method according to the invention is such that, after a strand has been cut off and pulled out of the die, the force required for its towing is measured, which, divided by the length of the strand determined at the same time, serves as the specification of a specific profile friction force which multiplies with the respective strand length as the towing force is superimposed on the basic value of the pulling force and the driving resistance.
  • the pulling device is provided with a control in which, as a setpoint for the pulling force exerted on the strand tip, in addition to a predetermined value, which takes into account the driving resistance of the carriage or pulling device, as the first summand and a basic value of the pulling force which is dependent on the strand cross section as a second summand, starting with the grasping of the pulling device by the gripper of the pulling device, an increasing, as the respective product of the result, continuous exit path measurement and predetermined specific profile friction force between the running strand and the outlet table, the resulting value is determined and entered as the third summand.
  • a control in which, as a setpoint for the pulling force exerted on the strand tip, in addition to a predetermined value, which takes into account the driving resistance of the carriage or pulling device, as the first summand and a basic value of the pulling force which is dependent on the strand cross section as a second summand, starting with the grasping of the pulling device by the gripper of the pulling device, an increasing, as the
  • control is provided in such a way that, based on the towing force determined after disconnecting a strand and pulling it out of the die as an actual value, taking into account the length of the strand, a correction value for the specific profile friction force is determined and the same for pressing out the following strand Target cross section is entered. As a result, operational changes in the specific profile friction are continuously determined and corrected.
  • a further feature of the invention provides for a deviation from the straight, loop-free outlet of the strand and thus a decrease in the pulling force acting on the strand in the die area ( second summand of the pulling force) to provide a signaling device in the area of the counter beam of the press, which controls the lower limit of the pulling force.
  • FIG. 3 A system suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3 and consists of an extrusion or tube press 1 and an outlet 2 for the extruded extrudates.
  • the extruder 1 shown consists of a cylinder spar 3 with a press cylinder, the barrel 4, which is moved by a plunger and carries the press ram 5, a sensor 6 for the metal block to be pressed and a counter spar 7 supporting the die, which is connected to the die by tie rods 8 Cylinder beam 3 is connected.
  • the outlet 2 consists of an outlet table 11 arranged in the longitudinal axis of the press 1, over which a pull-out carriage 12 can be moved.
  • the pressed and extracted profiles are conveyed across the cooling bed 13 by means of rakes to a collecting table 14, from where they are conveyed longitudinally by a roller table 15 against a stop 16, by a dividing device (scissors or saw) 17 divided into commercial lengths and onto a collecting device 18 to be promoted across the board.
  • the pull-out carriage 12 is moved along a rail 20 resting on supports 19.
  • the frame 21 of the pull-out carriage 12, which is open at the bottom in the region of the rail 20, is provided on both ends with bearing blocks for the wheels 22 which guide the pull-out carriage 12 along the rail 20.
  • the pull-out carriage 12 With a boom 23, the pull-out carriage 12 is guided on a further rail 24 by means of the wheels 25 mounted on the boom 23.
  • a gripper 27 is guided on rods 26 in the pull-out direction.
  • the gripper 27 consists of a two-part base plate 28, the halves of which can be swung out laterally, so that the gripper 27 can be opened downwards.
  • slats 30 which can be pivoted about an axis 29 are provided, between which and the base plate 28 the profiles to be extracted can be gripped by the gripper 27.
  • the gripper 27 is intercepted relative to the frame 21 of the pull-out carriage 12 by means of pressure transducers 31 in the pull-out direction, so that the tensile force exerted by the gripper 27 on the profile to be extracted is measured via the pressure transducers 31.
  • a piston-cylinder unit 32 is provided in order to be able to swing out the lamellae 30 in order to release the strand.
  • the pull-out carriage 12 is moved along the rails 20 and 24 via a cable pull, consisting of a pull cable 33 and a capstan or winch 34, which is driven by a speed and torque-controllable DC motor 35.
  • the pull cable 33 is connected to the pull-out carriage 12 via a pull-measuring device 36, which measures the pulling force exerted on the gripper 27 and exerted on the strand and the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12.
  • the tensile force measured by the tension measuring device 36 minus the The tensile force exerted by the gripper 27 on the strand and measured by the pressure load cells 31 thus results in the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12.
  • the pull-out carriage 12 is in standby immediately behind the counter beam 7 of the press 1. As soon as the tip of the strand reaches the area of the pull-out carriage 12 with its gripper 27, the pull-out carriage 12 is accelerated until it synchronizes with the strand.
  • the resulting driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12 is determined as a partial force (first summand) of a tractive force to be exerted by the traction drive (motor 35, capstan or winch 34) from the pull rope 33 (see diagram in FIG. 1).
  • the gripper 27 closes by lifting the piston-cylinder unit 32 so that the slats 30 lower onto the base plate 28 and thus pinch the strand tip.
  • the unit length of the strand corresponds, taking into account the specific weight of its material, to a cross-section, from which in turn the force with which the strand can be pulled out without the risk of a cross-sectional constriction, that is to say without influencing the shape in the die, depends.
  • This partial force forms the second summand of the tensile force to be applied in the pull rope 33.
  • the length of the extruded strand is continuously measured by pulse counting on a pulse generator 38 connected to the deflection roller 37 for the pulling rope 33 and multiplied by the specific profile friction force between the strand and the outlet table as the third partial value (third summand) of the tractive force to be applied, which increases proportionally with the strand length Pull rope 33 applied.
  • the on Gripper 27 measured by the load cells 30 towing force and simultaneously the length of the tow tow.
  • the towing force divided by the strand length corresponds to the actual value of the specific profile friction force and is specified for the following work cycle when pressing out the same strand cross section to determine the third summand of the tensile force.
  • a torque measurement on the winch or the capstan 34, or connected with a speed measurement a measurement of the power consumption on the motor 35 can be provided to determine the pulling force in the pull rope 33 and the pulling force in the pull rope 33 can be determined therefrom.
  • the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12 does not change in normal operation, it can be deducted as a constant from the force determined in the pull rope 33 in order to determine the summands 2 (pull-off force) and 3 (towing force), so that the load cell 31 and the In the pull-out direction, there is no need to fasten the gripper 27 in the pull-out carriage 12, and the constructional effort of the pull-out device can thus be reduced.
  • the driving resistance is specified or entered as the 1st summand as the tractive force measured in the pull rope 33 when the pull-out carriage 12 is synchronized with the running strand before the gripper 27 closes. This is combined with the second summand, with which the profile-specific, cross-section-dependent, empirically determined pull-off force is specified.
  • the 3rd summand is the product of the respective length of the strand determined by displacement measurement by means of the pulse generator 38 and the specific profile friction force, which is determined empirically and predetermined for the first pressing process and for the following pressing process by measurement of the towing of the extruded strand after its separation from the baling residue and exit from the die required tensile force divided by the also measured length of this strand is determined and entered.
  • the resulting 3rd summand is combined with the sum of the 1st and 2nd summands and results in the respective target value of the pulling force and from the comparison with the respective actual value of the pulling force, the motor for driving the pull-out devices is regulated in its torque by a motor controller.

Abstract

The strand produced in a bar or tube extrusion press is drawn off with a controlled tensile force which keeps the emerging strand taut but should not influence the formation of the said strand. In order to keep constant the tensile force acting on the strand in the die zone, the procedure according to the invention is as follows: superimposed on this tensile force (draw-off force) matched to the cross-section and flow behaviour in the die is a tensile force (tractive force) which increases in proportion to the length of strand extruded and takes account of the weight per unit length and the coefficient of friction between the strand and the run-out table. The particular method adopted for this purpose is as follows: after a strand has been cut off and removed from the die, the tractive force and the length of the strand delivered are measured and the tractive force divided by the strand length is input as the specific profile friction force to be multiplied by the strand length, the latter being determined by displacement measurement, when a subsequent strand of the same desired cross-section is extruded. Control is carried out as follows: the desired value determined and input for the tensile force exerted on the tip of the strand is, in addition to a value taking into account the resistance to motion of the carriage of the drawing-off device, as the first summand, and a strand cross-section-dependent base value of the draw-off force, as the second summand, an increasing value, the respective product of the result of continuous delivery path measurement and predetermined specific profile friction force between the emerging strand and the run-out table, as third summand, beginning with the grasping of the tip of the strand by the grippers of the drawing-off device. <IMAGE>

Description

Mit der beginnenden Mechanisierung des Abziehens der in einer Strang- oder Rohrpresse erzeugten Stränge kam die Forderung auf, die auf den Strang ausgeübte, den Strang gestreckt haltende Zugkraft so zu begrenzen, daß die Strangbildung in der Matrize nicht beeinflußt wird (DE-PS 484 649). Sofern Stränge erzeugt werden, die entweder nicht aufgewickelt werden können oder nicht aufgewickelt werden sollen, ist es üblich, hinter der Presse einen die auslaufenden Stränge aufnehmenden und während des Auspressens führenden Tisch vorzusehen, wobei möglichst durchgehende ebene Stützflächen vorgesehen werden, um Verwerfungen der Stränge bei der Abkühlung zu vermeiden. Schon wegen der Gefahr des Ausknickens dünner Stränge und wegen der Rückwirkung der Schubkraft auf die Strangbildung in der Matrize, die zur Stauchung des austretenden Stranges führt, ist es üblich Abziehvorrichtungen zu verwenden, die aus entlang des Tisches von einem Fahrantrieb bewegten und mit die Spitzen der austretenden Stränge fassenden Greifern versehenen Wagen bestehen. Es ist aber Sorge dafür zu tragen, daß die von einer Abziehvorrichtung auf einen Strang ausgeübte Zugkraft nun nicht die Strangbildung in der Matrize beeinflußt, indem sie zu einer Einschnürung des austretenden Stranges führt. Um die Forderung nach immer engeren Toleranzen der Querschnittsabmessungen der Stränge erfüllen zu können, wurden die Fahrantriebe mit der Messung und Regelung der auf die Stränge aufzubringenden Zugkraft in zahlreichen Vorschlägen dahingehend verbessert, daß durch genauere und direkte Messung der Zugkraft an den Greifern und besonders ausgestaltete Fahrantriebe eine in engen Grenzen konstante, möglichst geringe Zugkraft ausreicht, um die Stränge gestreckt zu halten und das Auftreten von Druckkräften im Strang auszuschließen.With the beginning mechanization of the pulling off of the strands produced in a strand or pipe press, the demand arose to limit the tensile force exerted on the strand, which keeps the strand stretched, so that the strand formation in the die is not influenced (DE-PS 484 649 ). If strands are produced which either cannot be wound up or should not be wound up, it is customary to provide a table behind the press which receives the outgoing strands and guides them during the extrusion, with continuous support surfaces being provided as far as possible to avoid warping of the strands to avoid cooling. Already because of the danger of buckling of thin strands and because of the reaction of the shear force on the strand formation in the die, which leads to the compression of the emerging strand, it is common to use pulling devices that are moved along the table by a drive and with the tips of the outgoing strands gripping wagons. Care must be taken, however, that the tensile force exerted on a strand by a pulling device does not now influence the strand formation in the die, since it leads to a constriction of the emerging strand. In order to be able to meet the demands for ever closer tolerances of the cross-sectional dimensions of the strands, the travel drives with the measurement and control of the tensile force to be applied to the strands have been improved in numerous proposals to the effect that more precise and direct measurement of the tensile force on the grippers and specially designed drive drives A tensile force that is constant and as low as possible is sufficient to keep the strands stretched and to prevent the occurrence of compressive forces in the strand.

Auch die Erfindung hat eine Verbesserung der Querschnittstoleranzen der aus einer Strangpresse abgezogenen, ausgepreßten Stränge durch Minimierung der im Bereich der Matrize wirkenden, die Strangbildung beeinflussenden Zugkraft im Strang zum Ziel. Dabei geht die Erfindung von der Erkenntnis aus, daß der Strang mit zunehmendem Abstand von der Matrize infolge der Ankühlung durchaus mit zunehmender Zugkraft belastet werden kann, ohne daß sich Querschnittsveränderungen einstellen. Beim Abziehen des Stranges mit einer die Strangbildung nicht beeinflussenden, den Strang gestreckt haltenden, geregelten Zugkraft wird erfindungsgemäß so verfahren, daß einer dem Querschnitt und dem Fließverhalten in der Matrize angepaßten Zugkraft (Abziehkraft) eine proportional zur ausgepreßten Stranglänge zunehmende, das Längeneinheitsgewicht und den Reibwert zwischen Strang und Auslauftisch berücksichtigende Zugkraft (Abschleppkraft) überlagert wird. Indem die Zugkraft entsprechend dem mit der ausgepreßten Länge wachsendem Reibwiderstand erhöht wird, kann die im Matrizenbereich herrschende Zugkraft auf einem zum Gestreckhalten des Stranges ausreichendenn Minimalwert konstant gehalten werden.The invention also aims to improve the cross-sectional tolerances of the extruded strands drawn from an extrusion press by minimizing the tensile force acting in the region of the die and influencing the strand formation in the strand. The invention is based on the knowledge that the strand with increasing distance from the die can be loaded with increasing tensile force due to the cooling, without cross-sectional changes occurring. When the strand is drawn off with a regulated tensile force which does not influence the strand formation, and which keeps the strand stretched, the procedure according to the invention is such that a tensile force (pulling force) which is adapted to the cross section and the flow behavior in the die increases the unit weight and the coefficient of friction, which increases proportionally to the extruded strand length between the line and the exit table taking into account the pulling force (towing force). By increasing the tensile force in accordance with the frictional resistance increasing with the length that is pressed out, the tensile force prevailing in the die area can be kept constant at a minimum value sufficient to keep the strand elongated.

Im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe und Lösung besteht eine besondere Schwierigkeit in der ausreichend genauen Bestimmung der dem Grundwert zu überlagernden Größe der jeweiligen Zugkraft. Während sich die jeweilige Länge des ausgepreßten Stranges in bekannter Weise fortlaufend messen läßt, ist insbesondere der Reibungsbeiwert größeren, von den Betriebsbedingungen abhängigen Schwankungen unterworfen, so daß sich als besondere und wesentliche weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung die genaue Bestimmung der jeweiligen spezifischen Reibungskraft ergibt. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß so verfahren, daß jeweils nach dem Abtrennen eines Stranges und dessen Ausziehen aus der Matrize die zu seinem Abschleppen erforderliche Kraft gemessen wird, die dividiert durch die jeweils gleichzeitig festgestellte Länge des Stranges als Vorgabe einer spezifischen Profilreibkraft dient, die multipliziert mit der jeweiligen Stranglänge als Abschleppkraft dem Grundwert der Abziehkraft und dem Fahrwiderstand überlagert wird.Within the scope of the object and solution according to the invention, there is a particular difficulty in determining the size of the respective tensile force to be superimposed on the basic value with sufficient accuracy. While the respective length of the extruded strand can be measured continuously in a known manner, the coefficient of friction in particular is subject to greater fluctuations which are dependent on the operating conditions, so that the specific specific frictional force is determined as a special and essential further object of the invention. To solve this problem, the method according to the invention is such that, after a strand has been cut off and pulled out of the die, the force required for its towing is measured, which, divided by the length of the strand determined at the same time, serves as the specification of a specific profile friction force which multiplies with the respective strand length as the towing force is superimposed on the basic value of the pulling force and the driving resistance.

Zur Ausübung des Verfahrens ist die Abziehvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung mit einer Steuerung versehen, bei der als Sollwert für die auf die Strangspitze ausgeübte Zugkraft zusätzlich zu einem vorgegebenen, den Fahrwiderstand des Wagens oder Abziehvorrichtung berücksichtende Wert als erstem Summanden und einem vom Strangquerschnitt abhängigen Grundwert der Abziehkraft als zweiten Summanden beginnend mit dem Erfassen der Strangspitze durch die Greifer der Abziehvorrichtung ein zunehmender, als jeweiliges Produkt des Ergebnisses fortlaufender Austrittswegmessung und vorgegebener spezifischer Profilreibkraft zwischen auslaufendem Strang und Auslauftisch sich ergebender Wert als drittem Summanden ermittelt und eingegeben wird.To carry out the method, the pulling device according to the invention is provided with a control in which, as a setpoint for the pulling force exerted on the strand tip, in addition to a predetermined value, which takes into account the driving resistance of the carriage or pulling device, as the first summand and a basic value of the pulling force which is dependent on the strand cross section as a second summand, starting with the grasping of the pulling device by the gripper of the pulling device, an increasing, as the respective product of the result, continuous exit path measurement and predetermined specific profile friction force between the running strand and the outlet table, the resulting value is determined and entered as the third summand.

Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist die Steuerung so vorgesehen, daß ausgehend von der nach dem Abtrennen eines Stranges und dessen Ausziehen aus der Matrize ermittelten Abschleppkraft als Istwert unter Berücksichtigung der Länge des Stranges ein Korrekturwert zur spezifischen Profilreibkraft ermittelt und zum Auspressen des folgenden Stranges gleichen Sollquerschnitts eingegeben wird. Hierdurch werden betriebsbedingte Veränderungen der spezifischen Profilreibkraft fortlaufend ermittelt und korrigiert.According to a further feature of the invention, the control is provided in such a way that, based on the towing force determined after disconnecting a strand and pulling it out of the die as an actual value, taking into account the length of the strand, a correction value for the specific profile friction force is determined and the same for pressing out the following strand Target cross section is entered. As a result, operational changes in the specific profile friction are continuously determined and corrected.

Veränderungen können sich auch beim Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens ergeben und bei zunehmenden Fahrwiderstand würde schließlich die auf den Strang wirkende Ausziehkraft unter Umständen nicht ausreichen, so daß es zur Schlingenbildung und schließlich zur Stauchung des Stranges kommen kann. Um dies auszuschließen ist gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung vorgesehen, die vor dem Greifen des Stranges allein zum Verfahren des Ausziehwagens benötigte Kraft zu messen und als ersten Summanden einzugeben. Es ist auch möglich, den Fahrwiderstand gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung aus der Differenz der in dem den Ausziehwagen ziehenden Seil wirkenden Kraft und der am Greifer wirkenden Kraft festzustellen und als ersten Summanden einzugeben.Changes can also result in the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage and, with increasing driving resistance, the pulling force acting on the strand would eventually not be sufficient, so that the formation of loops and finally the strand could be compressed. In order to rule this out, it is provided according to a further feature of the invention to measure the force required for moving the pull-out carriage before gripping the strand and to enter it as the first addend. It is also possible to determine the driving resistance according to a further feature of the invention from the difference between the force acting in the rope pulling the pull-out carriage and the force acting on the gripper and to input it as the first summand.

Um in jedem Falle und mit Sicherheit auszuschließen, daß es zu keiner Stauchung des Stranges kommen kann, ist gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung vorgesehen, eine Abweichungen vom gradlinigen, schlingefreien Auslauf des Stranges und damit das Absinken der auf den Strang im Matrizenbereich wirkenden Ausziehkraft (zweiter Summand der Abziehkraft) auf Null signalisierende Vorrichtung im Bereich des Gegenholms der Presse vorzusehen, die die Untergrenze der Abziehkraft steuert.In order to rule out in any case and with certainty that the strand cannot be compressed, a further feature of the invention provides for a deviation from the straight, loop-free outlet of the strand and thus a decrease in the pulling force acting on the strand in the die area ( second summand of the pulling force) to provide a signaling device in the area of the counter beam of the press, which controls the lower limit of the pulling force.

Die weitere Erläuterung der Erfindung in einem Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgt anhand der Zeichnungen.The further explanation of the invention in an exemplary embodiment is based on the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 den Verfahrensablauf in einem die Abhängigkeit der Ausziehkraft von der ausgezogenen Länge zeigenden Diagramm,
  • Figur 2 ein Schemabild der Steuerung,
  • Figur 3 eine Gesamtansicht einer Presse mit Auslauf im Grundriss,
  • Figur 4 in einem Ausschnitt aus Figur 3 in größerem Maßstab den Ausziehwagen in Aufsicht, wozu
  • Figure 5 eine Seitenansicht und
  • Figur 6 eine Ansicht in Stranglaufrichtung zeigen.
Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows the process sequence in a diagram showing the dependence of the pull-out force on the extended length,
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic image of the control,
  • FIG. 3 shows an overall view of a press with an outlet in the floor plan,
  • Figure 4 in a detail from Figure 3 on a larger scale, the pull-out car in supervision, for what
  • Figure 5 is a side view and
  • Figure 6 shows a view in the strand running direction.

Eine zur Ausübung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung geeignete Anlage ist in Figur 3 dargestellt und besteht aus einer Strang- oder Rohrpresse 1 und einem Auslauf 2 für die ausgepreßten Stränge.A system suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3 and consists of an extrusion or tube press 1 and an outlet 2 for the extruded extrudates.

Die dargestellte Strangpresse 1 besteht aus einem Zylinderholm 3 mit Preßzylinder, dem Laufholm 4, der von einem Preßkolben bewegt wird und den Preßstempel 5 trägt, einem Aufnehmer 6 für den zu verpressenden Metallblock und einem die Matrize stützenden Gegenholm 7, der durch Zuganker 8 mit dem Zylinderholm 3 verbunden ist.The extruder 1 shown consists of a cylinder spar 3 with a press cylinder, the barrel 4, which is moved by a plunger and carries the press ram 5, a sensor 6 for the metal block to be pressed and a counter spar 7 supporting the die, which is connected to the die by tie rods 8 Cylinder beam 3 is connected.

Der Auslauf 2 besteht aus einem in der Längsachse der Presse 1 angeordneten Auslauftisch 11, über dem entlang ein Ausziehwagen 12 verfahrbar ist. Die ausgepreßten und ausgezogenen Profile werden mittels Rechen über das Kühlbett 13 quergefördert zu einem Sammeltisch 14, von wo aus sie von einem Rollgang 15 längsgefördert werden gegen einen Anschlag 16, um von einer Teilvorrichtung (Schere oder Säge) 17 auf Handelslänge geteilt und auf eine Sammelvorrichtung 18 quergefördert zu werden.The outlet 2 consists of an outlet table 11 arranged in the longitudinal axis of the press 1, over which a pull-out carriage 12 can be moved. The pressed and extracted profiles are conveyed across the cooling bed 13 by means of rakes to a collecting table 14, from where they are conveyed longitudinally by a roller table 15 against a stop 16, by a dividing device (scissors or saw) 17 divided into commercial lengths and onto a collecting device 18 to be promoted across the board.

Wie aus den Figuren 4, 5 und 6 detaillierter zu ersehen ist, wird der Ausziehwagen 12 entlang einer auf Stützen 19 ruhenden Schiene 20 verfahren. Der im Bereich der Schiene 20 nach unten offene Rahmen 21 des Ausziehwagens 12 ist an beiden Stirnseiten mit Lagerböcken für die den Ausziehwagen 12 entlang der Schiene 20 führenden Räder 22 versehen. Mit einem Ausleger 23 ist der Ausziehwagen 12 an einer weiteren Schiene 24 mittels der am Ausleger 23 gelagerten Räder 25 geführt. Im Rahmen 21 des Ausziehwagens 12 ist auf Stangen 26 in Ausziehrichtung beweglich ein Greifer 27 geführt. Der Greifer 27 besteht aus einer zweigeteilten Bodenplatte 28, deren Hälften seitlich ausschwenkbar sind, so daß der Greifer 27 nach unten geöffnet werden kann. Ferner sind um eine Achse 29 schwenkbare Lamellen 30 vorgesehen, zwischen denen und der Bodenplatte 28 die auszuziehenden Profile vom Greifer 27 gefaßt werden können. Der Greifer 27 ist gegenüber dem Rahmen 21 des Ausziehwagens 12 über Druckmeßdosen 31 in Ausziehrichtung abgefangen, so daß über die Druckmeßdosen 31 die vom Greifer 27 auf das auszuziehende Profil ausgeübte Zugkraft gemessen wird. Eine Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 32 ist vorgesehen, um die Lamellen 30 zum Freigeben des Stranges ausschwenken zu können. Das Verfahren des Ausziehwagens 12 entlang der Schienen 20 und 24 erfolgt über einen Seilzug, bestehend aus einem Zugseil 33 und einem Spill bzw. einer Winde 34, der bzw. die von einem drehzahl- und drehmoment-regelbaren Gleichstrommotor 35 angetrieben ist. Die Verbindung des Zugseils 33 mit dem Ausziehwagen 12 erfolgt über eine Zugmeßvorrichtung 36, die die am Greifer 27 herrschende, auf den Strang ausgeübte Zugkraft und den Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens 12 mißt. Die von der Zugmeßvorrichtung 36 gemessene Zugkraft abzüglich der vom Greifer 27 auf den Strang ausgeübten, von den Druckmeßdosen 31 gemessenen Zugkraft ergibt somit den Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens 12.As can be seen in more detail from FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the pull-out carriage 12 is moved along a rail 20 resting on supports 19. The frame 21 of the pull-out carriage 12, which is open at the bottom in the region of the rail 20, is provided on both ends with bearing blocks for the wheels 22 which guide the pull-out carriage 12 along the rail 20. With a boom 23, the pull-out carriage 12 is guided on a further rail 24 by means of the wheels 25 mounted on the boom 23. In the frame 21 of the pull-out carriage 12, a gripper 27 is guided on rods 26 in the pull-out direction. The gripper 27 consists of a two-part base plate 28, the halves of which can be swung out laterally, so that the gripper 27 can be opened downwards. Furthermore, slats 30 which can be pivoted about an axis 29 are provided, between which and the base plate 28 the profiles to be extracted can be gripped by the gripper 27. The gripper 27 is intercepted relative to the frame 21 of the pull-out carriage 12 by means of pressure transducers 31 in the pull-out direction, so that the tensile force exerted by the gripper 27 on the profile to be extracted is measured via the pressure transducers 31. A piston-cylinder unit 32 is provided in order to be able to swing out the lamellae 30 in order to release the strand. The pull-out carriage 12 is moved along the rails 20 and 24 via a cable pull, consisting of a pull cable 33 and a capstan or winch 34, which is driven by a speed and torque-controllable DC motor 35. The pull cable 33 is connected to the pull-out carriage 12 via a pull-measuring device 36, which measures the pulling force exerted on the gripper 27 and exerted on the strand and the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12. The tensile force measured by the tension measuring device 36 minus the The tensile force exerted by the gripper 27 on the strand and measured by the pressure load cells 31 thus results in the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12.

Beim Auspressen und Abziehen des Stranges wird wie folgt verfahren:When pressing and pulling off the strand, proceed as follows:

Zu Beginn des Arbeitsspiels steht der Ausziehwagen 12 unmittelbar hinter dem Gegenholm 7 der Presse 1 in Bereitschaft. Sobald die Spitze des Stranges in den Bereich des Ausziehwagens 12 mit seinem Greifer 27 gelangt, wird der Ausziehwagen 12 beschleunigt bis zum Gleichlauf mit dem Strang. Der sich dann ergebende Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens 12 wird festgestellt als Teilkraft (erster Summand) einer von dem Fahrantrieb (Motor 35, Spill bzw. Winde 34) vom Zugseil 33 aufzubringenden Zugkraft (siehe Diagramm Figur 1). Sobald der Fahrwiderstand festgestellt ist, schließt der Greifer 27, indem die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 32 gelüftet wird, so daß sich die Lamellen 30 auf die Bodenplatte 28 absenken und so die Strangspitze einklemmen.At the beginning of the work cycle, the pull-out carriage 12 is in standby immediately behind the counter beam 7 of the press 1. As soon as the tip of the strand reaches the area of the pull-out carriage 12 with its gripper 27, the pull-out carriage 12 is accelerated until it synchronizes with the strand. The resulting driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12 is determined as a partial force (first summand) of a tractive force to be exerted by the traction drive (motor 35, capstan or winch 34) from the pull rope 33 (see diagram in FIG. 1). As soon as the driving resistance is established, the gripper 27 closes by lifting the piston-cylinder unit 32 so that the slats 30 lower onto the base plate 28 and thus pinch the strand tip.

Das Längeneinheitsgewicht des Stranges entspricht unter Berücksichtigung des seinem Werkstoff eigenen spezifischen Gewichts einem Querschnitt, von dem wiederum die Kraft anhängt, mit der der Strang ohne Gefahr einer Querschnittseinschnürung, also ohne Einfluß auf die Formgebung in der Matrize ausgezogen werden kann. Diese Teilkraft bildet den zweiten Summanden der aufzubringenden Zugkraft im Zugseil 33.The unit length of the strand corresponds, taking into account the specific weight of its material, to a cross-section, from which in turn the force with which the strand can be pulled out without the risk of a cross-sectional constriction, that is to say without influencing the shape in the die, depends. This partial force forms the second summand of the tensile force to be applied in the pull rope 33.

Die Länge des ausgepreßten Stranges wird fortlaufend durch Impulszählung an einem mit der Umlenkrolle 37 für das Zugseil 33 verbundenen Impulsgeber 38 gemessen und multipliziert mit der spezifischen Profilreibkraft zwischen Strang und Auslauftisch als dritter, proportional mit der Stranglänge wachsender Teilwert (dritter Summand) der aufzubringenden Zugkraft im Zugseil 33 aufgebracht.The length of the extruded strand is continuously measured by pulse counting on a pulse generator 38 connected to the deflection roller 37 for the pulling rope 33 and multiplied by the specific profile friction force between the strand and the outlet table as the third partial value (third summand) of the tractive force to be applied, which increases proportionally with the strand length Pull rope 33 applied.

Nachdem ein Strang ausgepreßt, von seinem Preßrest getrennt und aus der Matrize ausgestoßen oder ausgezogen ist, wird die am Greifer 27 von den Druckmeßdosen 30 gemessene Abschleppkraft und gleichzeitig die Länge des abgeschleppten Stranges gemessen. Die Abschleppkraft dividiert durch die Stranglänge entspricht dem Istwert der spezifischen Profilreibkraft und wird für das folgende Arbeitsspiel beim Auspressen eines gleichen Strangquerschnitts zur Ermittlung des dritten Summanden der Zugkraft vorgegeben.After a strand is pressed, separated from its remnant and ejected or pulled out of the die, the on Gripper 27 measured by the load cells 30 towing force and simultaneously the length of the tow tow. The towing force divided by the strand length corresponds to the actual value of the specific profile friction force and is specified for the following work cycle when pressing out the same strand cross section to determine the third summand of the tensile force.

Anstelle der mit dem Zugseil 33 verbundenen Zugmeßvorrichtung 36 kann zur Feststellung der Zugkraft im Zugseil 33 eine Drehmomentmessung an der Winde bzw. dem Spill 34 oder verbunden mit einer Drehzahlmessung eine Messung der Leistungsaufnahme am Motor 35 vorgesehen und daraus die Zugkraft im Zugseil 33 ermittelt werden.Instead of the tension measuring device 36 connected to the pull rope 33, a torque measurement on the winch or the capstan 34, or connected with a speed measurement, a measurement of the power consumption on the motor 35 can be provided to determine the pulling force in the pull rope 33 and the pulling force in the pull rope 33 can be determined therefrom.

Da der Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens 12 im normalen Betrieb sich nicht ändert, kann dieser als Konstante von der im Zugseil 33 festgestellten Kraft abgezogen werden, um die Summanden 2 (Abziehkraft) und 3 (Abschleppkraft) zu ermitteln, so daß auf die Druckmeßdose 31 und die in Ausziehrichtung bewegliche Befestigung des Greifers 27 im Ausziehwagen 12 verzichtet und somit der bauliche Aufwand der Ausziehvorrichtung verringert werden kann.Since the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12 does not change in normal operation, it can be deducted as a constant from the force determined in the pull rope 33 in order to determine the summands 2 (pull-off force) and 3 (towing force), so that the load cell 31 and the In the pull-out direction, there is no need to fasten the gripper 27 in the pull-out carriage 12, and the constructional effort of the pull-out device can thus be reduced.

Wie das in Figur 2 dargestellte Schemabild der Steuerung zeigt, wird als 1. Summand der Fahrwiderstand vorgegeben bzw. eingegeben als die im Zugseil 33 bei Gleichlauf des Ausziehwagens 12 mit dem auslaufensen Strang vor dem Schließen der Greifer 27 gemessenen Zugkraft. Dieser wird zusammengeführt mit dem 2. Summanden, mit dem die profilspezifische, querschnittsabhängige, empirisch ermittelte Abziehkraft vorgegeben ist. Der 3. Summand ist das Produkt aus der durch Wegmessung mittels dem Impulsgeber 38 ermittelten jeweiligen Länge des Stranges und der spezifischen Profilreibkraft, wobei diese für den ersten Preßvorgang empirisch ermittelt und vorgegeben wird und für den jeweils folgenden Preßvorgang durch Messung der zum Abschleppen des ausgepreßten Stranges nach dessen Trennung vom Preßrest und Austritt aus der Matrize benötigten Zugkraft dividiert durch die ebenfalls gemessene Länge dieses Stranges ermittelt und eingegeben wird. Der sich ergebene 3. Summand wird mit der Summe von 1. und 2. Summanden zusammengeführt une ergibt den jeweiligen Sollwert der Zugkraft und aus dem Vergleich mit dem jeweiligen Istwert der Zugkraft wird über einen Motorregler der Motor zum Antrieb der Ausziehvorrichtugn in seinem Drehmoment geregelt.As the schematic diagram of the control system shown in FIG. 2 shows, the driving resistance is specified or entered as the 1st summand as the tractive force measured in the pull rope 33 when the pull-out carriage 12 is synchronized with the running strand before the gripper 27 closes. This is combined with the second summand, with which the profile-specific, cross-section-dependent, empirically determined pull-off force is specified. The 3rd summand is the product of the respective length of the strand determined by displacement measurement by means of the pulse generator 38 and the specific profile friction force, which is determined empirically and predetermined for the first pressing process and for the following pressing process by measurement of the towing of the extruded strand after its separation from the baling residue and exit from the die required tensile force divided by the also measured length of this strand is determined and entered. The resulting 3rd summand is combined with the sum of the 1st and 2nd summands and results in the respective target value of the pulling force and from the comparison with the respective actual value of the pulling force, the motor for driving the pull-out devices is regulated in its torque by a motor controller.

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zum Abziehen eines in der Strang- oder Rohrpresse erzeugten Stranges mit einer die Strangbildung in der Matrize nicht beeinflussenden, den Strang gestreckt haltenden, geregelten Zugkraft,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß einer dem Querschnitt und dem Fließverhalten in der Matrize angepaßten Zugkraft (Abziehkraft) eine proportional zur ausgepreßten Stranglänge zunehmende, das Längeneinheitsgewicht und den Reibungsbeiwert zwischen Strang und Auslauftisch (11) berücksichtigende Zugkraft (Abschleppkraft) überlagert wird.1. A method for withdrawing a strand produced in the extrusion or tube press with a regulated tensile force which does not influence the strand formation in the die and which keeps the strand stretched,
characterized,
that a pulling force (pulling force) adapted to the cross section and the flow behavior in the die is superimposed on a pulling force (towing force) which increases proportionally to the extruded length of the strand and takes into account the unit weight and the coefficient of friction between the strand and the outlet table (11). 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß nach dem Abtrennen eines Stranges und dessen Ausziehen aus der Matrize die Anschleppkraft und die Länge des ablaufenden Stranges gemessen und die Abschleppkraft dividiert durch die Stranglänge beim Auspressen eines folgenden Stranges gleichen Sollquerschnitts als Vorgabe für die mit der durch Wegmessung ermittelten Stranglänge zu multiplizierende spezifische Profilreibkraft eingegeben wird.2. The method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that after cutting off a strand and pulling it out of the die, the towing force and the length of the strand being run are measured and the towing force divided by the strand length when pressing out a following strand has the same nominal cross-section as a specification for the specific profile friction force to be multiplied by the strand length determined by displacement measurement becomes. 3. Steuerung zur Konstanthaltung der im Matrizenbereich auf den aus einer Strang- oder Rohrpresse auslaufenden Strang wirkenden Kraft,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß als Sollwert der auf die Strangspitze ausgeübten Zugkraft zusätzlich zu einem vorgegebenen, den Fahrwiderstand des Wagens (12), der Abziehvorrichtung berücksichtigenden Wert als erstem Summanden und einem vom Strangquerschnitt abhängigen Grundwert der Abziehkraft als zweitem Summanden beginnend mit dem Erfassen der Strangspitze durch die Greifer (27) der Abziehvorrichtung ein zunehmender, als jeweiliges Produkt des Ergebnisses fortlaufender Austrittswegmessung (38) und vorgegebener spezifischer Profilreibungskraft zwischen auslaufenden Strang und Auslauftisch (11) sich ergebender Wert als drittem Summanden ermittelt und eingegeben wird.3. Control for keeping the force acting in the die area on the strand emerging from an extrusion or tube press,
characterized,
that, as the setpoint of the pulling force exerted on the strand tip, in addition to a predetermined value taking into account the driving resistance of the carriage (12), the pulling device as the first summand and a basic value of the pulling force dependent on the strand cross-section as the second summand starting with the gripping tip being picked up by the grippers ( 27) of the pulling device, an increasing exit path measurement (38) which is continuous as the respective product of the result and a predetermined specific profile friction force between Leaving strand and outlet table (11) resulting value is determined as a third summand and entered. 4. Steuerung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ausgehend von der nach dem Abtrennen des Stranges und dessen Ausziehen aus der Matrize ermittelten Abschleppkraft als Istwert unter Berücksichtigung der Stranglänge ein Korrekturwert zur spezifischen Profilreibungskraft ermittelt und eingegeben wird.4. Control according to claim 3,
characterized,
that on the basis of the towing force determined after the strand has been cut off and pulled out of the die, a correction value for the specific profile friction force is determined and entered as the actual value, taking into account the strand length. 5. Steuerung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die vor dem Greifen des Stranges allein zum Verfahren des Ausziehwagens (12) benötigte Kraft gemessen und als erster Summand eingegeben wird.5. Control according to claim 3 or 4,
characterized,
that the force required prior to gripping the strand solely for moving the pull-out carriage (12) is entered and entered as the first summand. 6. Steuerung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die in dem den Ausziehwagen (12) ziehenden Seil (33) wirkende Kraft und die am Greifer (27) wirkende Kraft gemessen und die Differenz dieser Kräfte als erster Summand (Fahrwiderstand) eingegeben wird.6. Control according to claim 3 or 4,
characterized,
that the force acting in the rope (33) pulling the pull-out carriage (12) and the force acting on the gripper (27) are measured and the difference between these forces is entered as the first summand (driving resistance). 7. Steuerung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß eine Abweichungen von gradlinigen, schlingenfreien Auslauf des Stranges und damit das Absinken des zweiten Summanden der Abziehkraft auf Null signalisierende Vorrichtung im Bereich des Gegenholms (7) der Presse (19 vorgesehen ist, die die Untergrenze der Abziehkraft steuert.7. Control according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that a deviation from a straight, loop-free run-out of the strand and thus the lowering of the second summand of the pulling force to zero is provided in the area of the counter spar (7) of the press (19) which controls the lower limit of the pulling force. 8. Steuerung nach einem der vorhergehenden Anspüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Sollwert im Vergleich zum Istwert der an der Abziehvorrichtung gemessenen Zugkraft als Regelgröße dient und abhängig hiervon das Drehmoment eines eine Seilwinde (34) zu der aus Wagen (12) und Greifer (27) bestehenden Abziehvorrichtung antreibenden Gleichstrommotors (35) geregelt ist.8. Control according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the setpoint compared to the actual value of the pulling force measured on the pulling device serves as a control variable and, depending on this, the torque of a winch (34) to that of the carriage (12) and gripper (27) Puller driving DC motor (35) is regulated.
EP88110678A 1987-07-18 1988-07-05 Method of drawing-off work from a bar or tube extrusion press, and control system of a drawing-off device therefor Expired - Lifetime EP0300262B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88110678T ATE74803T1 (en) 1987-07-18 1988-07-05 METHOD FOR PULLING A STRAND PRODUCED IN A STRANGO OR TUBE PRESS, AND CONTROL OF A PULLING DEVICE THEREFORE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3723824 1987-07-18
DE19873723824 DE3723824A1 (en) 1987-07-18 1987-07-18 METHOD FOR REMOVING A STRAND PRODUCED IN AN EXTRUSION OR PIPE PRESS, AND CONTROLLING A REMOVAL DEVICE THEREFOR

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0300262A1 true EP0300262A1 (en) 1989-01-25
EP0300262B1 EP0300262B1 (en) 1992-04-15

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US (1) US4995253A (en)
EP (1) EP0300262B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6431521A (en)
AT (1) ATE74803T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3723824A1 (en)
NO (1) NO883135L (en)
WO (1) WO1993013885A1 (en)

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EP0759331A1 (en) * 1995-08-12 1997-02-26 SMS HASENCLEVER GmbH Transverse step-by-step transport apparatus of profiles between an extrusion press and a stretcher leveller

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CA2016788C (en) * 1989-11-16 2000-03-21 James T. Visser Extrusion puller mounting
DE10210475B4 (en) * 2002-03-11 2004-05-06 Sms Eumuco Gmbh Device for drawing off a strand produced in an extrusion or pipe press
JP4102416B2 (en) 2006-11-15 2008-06-18 丸石製薬株式会社 Gel-like disinfectant composition
DE102012218223B4 (en) 2012-10-05 2018-11-29 Unterschütz Sondermaschinenbau GmbH Extraction device for extrusion presses for removing profiles from an extrusion press

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO883135D0 (en) 1988-07-14
DE3723824A1 (en) 1989-01-26
WO1993013885A1 (en) 1993-07-22
US4995253A (en) 1991-02-26
JPH0323244B2 (en) 1991-03-28
EP0300262B1 (en) 1992-04-15
JPS6431521A (en) 1989-02-01
ATE74803T1 (en) 1992-05-15
DE3870068D1 (en) 1992-05-21
NO883135L (en) 1989-01-19

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DE1574642C (en) Paper roll transport device

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