EP0296377B1 - Method and cover-strip for the preparation of a roadway-joint over a structural or settlement joint - Google Patents
Method and cover-strip for the preparation of a roadway-joint over a structural or settlement joint Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0296377B1 EP0296377B1 EP88108583A EP88108583A EP0296377B1 EP 0296377 B1 EP0296377 B1 EP 0296377B1 EP 88108583 A EP88108583 A EP 88108583A EP 88108583 A EP88108583 A EP 88108583A EP 0296377 B1 EP0296377 B1 EP 0296377B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- teeth
- cover strip
- recess
- tips
- join
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/06—Arrangement, construction or bridging of expansion joints
- E01D19/067—Flat continuous joints cast in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/02—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints
- E01C11/04—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints for cement concrete paving
- E01C11/12—Packing of metal and plastic or elastic materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a roadway crossing over a construction or movement joint, in particular on bridges, in which a channel-like recess penetrating the full ceiling thickness is formed at least in the roadway ceiling above the joint, the upper section of the joint with a bitumen-bound, elastoviscose Fills the filling compound, also coats the bottom surface and the flank surfaces of the recess, lays a, preferably metallic cover strip covering the joint on this layer, fills the recess with hot, grit-like bulk material of essentially uniform grain size, the cavities of which are filled with hot bitumen-bound, elastoviscous filling compound and the bulk material layer is optionally compacted and scattered, as well as a roadway crossing.
- a method for producing a flexible road surface in which the flexible road surface is constructed from several layers.
- this pavement should be used to cover expansion joints on bridges.
- a cover strip which can be made of aluminum sheet, rubber or plastic, is inserted into the expansion joint.
- the floor surface and the flank surfaces are provided with a primer coating in a recess in the pavement.
- An approx. 125 mm wide aluminum strip is pressed into this coating above the expansion joint.
- the recess is then filled in layers.
- Each layer consists of a layer of relatively large stones that are cast with a mixture of flexible binder and small stones. The newly formed surface is sprinkled with grit.
- a disadvantage of this method is that the cover strip arranged above the expansion joint is relatively narrow and has smooth, parallel side edges.
- the stretch properties of the flexible road surface are not optimally exploited.
- the road transition tends to crack at the edges of the aluminum strip Changes in temperature, while rubber or plastic cover strips tend to press the bitumen-bound elastoviscose filling compound into the expansion joint.
- materials such as rubber or plastic tend to age and become brittle, so that they require increased maintenance at the road crossing.
- it is time-consuming to fill up the roadway recess in layers above the expansion joint. This disadvantageously requires many operations and increases costs.
- the object of the invention is now to improve the method for producing a roadway transition of the type mentioned and the roadway transition so that even larger building stretches can be absorbed without cracking with simple, inexpensive means.
- the method of the type mentioned is distinguished according to the invention by the measures of claim 1.
- the jagged design of the side edges of the cover strip surprisingly allows a much better absorption of larger building stretches at the joint without cracking if the specified design limits are observed.
- the invention further relates to a roadway crossing with the features of claim 7.
- the roadway transition shown in FIG. 1 over a 3 cm wide movement joint 10 comprises a 50 cm wide channel-like recess 11 which continuously penetrates the road surface 16 over its entire width, its bottom surface 13 and its flank surfaces 14 after filling the joint provided with an underfill 15 10 was lined with a bitumen-bound, elastoviscose filling compound with a layer 17 consisting of the same filling compound.
- a 20 cm wide cover strip 1 made of aluminum sheet with jagged side edges is placed over the joint 10, which was also coated on the top side with the filling compound.
- bitumen-bound elastoviscose filling composition consisted of 48% by weight of a mixture of bitumen and rubber particles obtained from old tires and 52% by weight of limestone powder and fine-particle sand, and the volume ratio of grit to filling material was approximately 65%: 35%.
- the cover strip 1 shown in FIG. 2, made of 2 mm thick aluminum sheet, has continuous rows on both side edges, each of which is delimited by straight tooth edges 2, rectangular teeth 3 with a tooth depth T of 5 cm and a distance A of the tooth tips 4 of 10 cm.
- the strip width B of the cover strip is 20 cm and the prongs 3 of the opposite side edges are each offset from one another.
- the modified cover strip 1 shown in FIG. 3 also has a strip width B of 20 cm and on its side edges 2 each have a continuous row of pointed teeth 3 with straight tooth edges 5, an angle ... of 60 ° at the tooth tips 4 and one Distance between the tips of the tips 4 of about 5.6 cm.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Road Repair (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fahrbahnüberganges über eine Konstruktions- oder Bewegungsfuge, insbesondere an Brücken, bei welchem man mindestens in der Fahrbahndecke über der Fuge eine die volle Deckenstärke durchsetzende, kanalartige Ausnehmung ausbildet, den oberen Abschnitt der Fuge mit einer bitumengebundenen, elastoviskosen Füllmasse ausfüllt, mit dieser auch die Bodenfläche und die Flankenflächen der Ausnehmung beschichtet, auf diese Schicht einen die Fuge überdeckenden, vorzugsweise metallischen Abdeckstreifen auslegt, die Ausnehmung mit heißem, splittartigen Schüttgut im wesentlichen einheitlicher Korngröße ausfüllt, dessen Hohlräume mit heißer bitumengebundener, elastoviskoser Füllmasse füllt und die Schüttgutschicht gegebenenfalls verdichtet und abstreut, sowie einen Fahrbahnübergang.The invention relates to a method for producing a roadway crossing over a construction or movement joint, in particular on bridges, in which a channel-like recess penetrating the full ceiling thickness is formed at least in the roadway ceiling above the joint, the upper section of the joint with a bitumen-bound, elastoviscose Fills the filling compound, also coats the bottom surface and the flank surfaces of the recess, lays a, preferably metallic cover strip covering the joint on this layer, fills the recess with hot, grit-like bulk material of essentially uniform grain size, the cavities of which are filled with hot bitumen-bound, elastoviscous filling compound and the bulk material layer is optionally compacted and scattered, as well as a roadway crossing.
Aus der GB 2 065 203 A ist ein verfahren zur Herstellung einer flexiblen Fahrbahndecke bekannt, bei dem die flexible Fahrbahndecke aus mehreren Lagen aufgebaut ist. Insbesondere soll diese Fahrbahndecke zur Abdeckung von Dehnungsfugen bei Brücken verwendet werden. In die Dehnungsfuge wird ein Abdeckstreifen, der aus Aluminiumblech, Gummi oder Kunststoff bestehen kann, eingesetzt. In eine Ausnehmung der Fahrbahndecke werden die Bodenfläche und die Flankenflächen mit einer Vorstrichbeschichtung versehen. In diese Beschichtung wird oberhalb der Dehnungsfuge ein ca. 125 mm breiter Alumuminiumstreifen hineingedrückt. Anschließend wird die Ausnehmung lagenweise ausgefüllt. Jede Lage besteht aus einer Schicht relativ großer Steine, die mit einer Mischung aus flexiblem Binder und kleinen Steinen vergossen werden. Die neu gebildete Oberfläche wird mit Splitt abgestreut.From
Nachteilig an diesem Verfahren ist, daß der über der Dehnungsfuge angeordnete Abdeckstreifen relativ schmal ist und glatte, parallele Seitenränder aufweist. Die Dehnungseigenschaften der flexiblen Fahrbahndecke werden dabei nicht optimal ausgenutzt. Bei der Verwendung eines Aliminiumstreifens neigt der Fahrbahnübergang an den Kanten des Aluminiumstreifens zu Rissen bei Temperaturwechseln, während Gummi- oder Kunststoffabdeckstreifen dazu neigen, daß die bitumengebundene elastoviskose Füllmasse in die Dehnfuge gepreßt wird. Darüber hinaus neigen Materialien wie Gummi oder Kunststoff zur Alterung und Versprödung, so daß sie einen erhöhten Wartungsaufwand am Fahrbahnübergang erfordern. Ferner ist es zeitaufwendig, die Fahrbahnausnehmung oberhalb der Dehnungsfuge lagenweise aufzufüllen. Dies erfordert nachteilig viele Arbeitsgänge und erhöht die Kosten.A disadvantage of this method is that the cover strip arranged above the expansion joint is relatively narrow and has smooth, parallel side edges. The stretch properties of the flexible road surface are not optimally exploited. When using an aluminum strip, the road transition tends to crack at the edges of the aluminum strip Changes in temperature, while rubber or plastic cover strips tend to press the bitumen-bound elastoviscose filling compound into the expansion joint. In addition, materials such as rubber or plastic tend to age and become brittle, so that they require increased maintenance at the road crossing. Furthermore, it is time-consuming to fill up the roadway recess in layers above the expansion joint. This disadvantageously requires many operations and increases costs.
Bei dem aus dem europäischen Patent 642 (78300165.4) bekannten "Thorma-Joint-Verfahren" dieser Art wird in einer 30 cm breiten Ausnehmung über der Fuge ein 10 cm breiter Abdeckstreifen mit glatten, parallelen Seitenrändern verwendet. Dieses Verfahren hat sich in der Praxis durchaus bewährt, jedoch treten bei tiefen Temperaturen an Brücken mit Spannweiten über 40 m gelegentlich Risse auf.In the "Thorma joint method" of this type known from European Patent 642 (78300165.4), a 10 cm wide cover strip with smooth, parallel side edges is used in a 30 cm wide recess above the joint. This procedure has proven itself in practice, however, join low temperatures on bridges with spans over 40 m occasionally cracks.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fahrbahnüberganges der eingangs genannten Art sowie den Fahrbahnübergang so zu verbessern, daß mit einfachen, unaufwendigen Mitteln auch größere Bauwerksdehnungen ohne Rißbildungen aufgenommen werden können.The object of the invention is now to improve the method for producing a roadway transition of the type mentioned and the roadway transition so that even larger building stretches can be absorbed without cracking with simple, inexpensive means.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist das Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß durch die Maßnahmen des Patentanspruches 1 ausgezeichnet.To achieve this object, the method of the type mentioned is distinguished according to the invention by the measures of
Durch die gezackte Ausbildung der Seitenränder des Abdeckstreifens wird bei Einhaltung der genannten Bemessungsgrenzen überraschenderweise eine wesentlich bessere Aufnahme von größeren Bauwerksdehnungen an der Fuge ohne Rißbildung ermöglicht.The jagged design of the side edges of the cover strip surprisingly allows a much better absorption of larger building stretches at the joint without cracking if the specified design limits are observed.
Vorteilhafte weitere Ausgestaltungen des Verfahrens sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous further refinements of the method are described in the subclaims.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ferner ein Fahrbahnübergang mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 7.The invention further relates to a roadway crossing with the features of claim 7.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Fahrbahnübergangs sind in den Patentansprüchen 8 bis 11 definiert.Advantageous embodiments of the carriageway crossing are defined in claims 8 to 11.
Im folgenden werden eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Verfahrens und des Fahrbahnübergangs unter Dezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen und ein Ausführungsbeispiel weiter erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch einen Fahrbahnübergang,
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Aufsicht auf den in der Ausnehmung angeordneten Abdeckstreifen und
- Fig. 3
- eine Aufsicht auf einen abgewandelten Abdeckstreifen.
- Fig. 1
- 2 shows a schematic cross section through a roadway crossing,
- Fig. 2
- a schematic plan view of the cover strips arranged in the recess and
- Fig. 3
- a supervision of a modified cover strip.
Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Fahrbahnübergang über eine 3 cm breite Bewegungsfuge 10 umfaßt eine die Fahrbahndecke 16 über deren gesamte Breite durchgehend durchsetzende, 50 cm breite kanalnalartige Ausnehmung 11, deren Bodenfläche 13 und deren Flankenflächen 14 nach dem Verfüllen der mit einer Unterfüllung 15 versehenen Fuge 10 mit einer bitumengebundenen, elastoviskosen Füllmasse mit einer aus der gleichen Füllmasse bestehenden Schicht 17 ausgekleidet wurde. Auf diese ist über der Fuge 10 ein 20 cm breiter Abdeckstreifen 1 aus Aluminiumblech mit gezackten Seitenrändern aufgelegt, der oberseitig ebenfalls mit der Füllmasse beschichtet wurde. In die verbleibende Ausnehmung 11 wurde auf 150 °C vorerhitzter Splitt mit im wesentlichen einheitlicher Korngröße von 20 mm gefüllt, worauf die Hohlräume dieser Schicht mit der auf 175 °C erhitzten, bitumengebundenen elastoviskosen Füllmasse 19 ausgegossen wurden. Die Oberfläche der Schüttgutschicht 12 wurde mit einer 2 mm dicken Schicht der Füllmasse versiegelt und zur Erhöhung der Griffigkeit und zur optischen Anpassung an die angrenzende Fahrbahnoberfläche mit Abstreusplitt der Körnung 1/3 mm abgestreut. Die bitumengebundene elastoviskose Füllmasse bestand aus 48 Gew.% einer Mischung aus Bitumen und aus Altreifen gewonnenen Gummiteilchen und 52 Gew.% Kalksteinmehl und feinteiligem Sand und das Volumenverhältnis Splitt zu Füllmasse betrug etwa 65 % : 35 %.The roadway transition shown in FIG. 1 over a 3 cm
Der in Fig. 2 dargestellte Abdeckstreifen 1 aus 2 mm starkem Aluminiumblech trägt an beiden Seitenrändern durchgehende Reihen jeweils durch geradlinige Zackenränder 2 begrenzter, rechtwinkliger Zacken 3 mit einer Zackentiefe T von 5 cm und einem Abstand A der Zackenspitzen 4 von 10 cm.The
Die Streifenbreite B des Abdeckstreifens beträgt 20 cm und die Zacken 3 der gegenüberliegenden Seitenränder sind jeweils zueinander auf Lücke versetzt.The strip width B of the cover strip is 20 cm and the
Der in Fig. 3 dargestellte, abgewandelte Abdeckstreifen 1 besitzt ebenfalls eine Streifenbreite B von 20 cm und an seinen Seitenrändern 2 jeweils eine fortlaufende Reihe von spitzen Zacken 3 mit geradlinigen Zackenrändern 5, einem Winkel ... von 60 ° an den Zackenspitzen 4 und einem Abstand der Zackenspitzen 4 von etwa 5,6 cm.The modified
Mit den in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellten Abdeckstreifen und entsprechenden Vergleichsstreifen aus 10 cm breiten, 2 mit starkem Aluminiumblech mit glatten Seitenrändern wurden bei einer Breite der Ausnehmung von 30 cm und Temperaturen von 18 °C bzw. 22 °C Vergleichsversuche durchgeführt, bei welchen die beiderseits der Fuge liegenden Teile mit einer Geschwindigkeit 3 mm/min auseinanderbewegt wurden. Dabei ergab sich in allen Fällen, daß die Abdeckstreifen mit gezackten Seitenrändern einer Dehnung um 30 mm ohne Riß oder Bruch in der 6 cm starken Füllung der Ausnehmung standhielten, während bei dem Vergleiches-Abdeckstreifen mit glatten Seitenrändern schon bei einer Dehnung um 10 mm Risse oder vollständige Brüche der Füllschicht auftraten.With the cover strips shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and corresponding comparison strips of 10 cm wide, 2 with strong aluminum sheet with smooth side edges, comparison tests were carried out at a width of the recess of 30 cm and temperatures of 18 ° C. and 22 ° C., in which the parts on both sides of the joint were moved apart at a speed of 3 mm / min. It was found in all cases that the cover strips with jagged side edges withstood an expansion of 30 mm without crack or break in the 6 cm thick filling of the recess, while in the comparison cover strips with smooth side edges cracked or even with an extension of 10 mm complete breaks in the filling layer occurred.
Claims (11)
- Process for manufacturing a roadway transition over a construction or movement join (10), in particular on bridges, in which a channel-like recess (11) penetrating the whole surface thickness is formed at least in the road surface (16) over the join (10), the upper section of the join (10) is filled with a bitumen-bonded, elastoviscous filling compound (17), the bottom face (13) and the side faces (14) of the recess (11) are also coated therewith, a preferably metal cover strip (1) is laid over this layer (17) to cover the join (10), the recess is filled with hot, grit-like loose material (12) with a substantially homogeneous grain size, whose cavities are filled with hot, bitumen-bonded, elastoviscous filling compound (19), the loose material layer (12, 19) is if necessary compressed and spread, characterised in that one uses in a recess 35 to 75 cm wide a cover strip (1) with jagged lateral edges (2), a strip width (B) corresponding to 25 to 50% of the recess width up to the tips of the teeth (4) of between 15 and 40 cm, and preferably between 20 and 30 cm, a tooth depth (T) of between 2 and 10 cm and preferably between 4 and 6 cm, and a spacing (A) of the teeth tips (4) of between 3 and 20 cm, and preferably between 6 and 10 cm.
- Process according to claim 1, characterised in that a cover strip (1) with pointed teeth (3), rectilinear teeth edges (5) and an angle of between 60° and 90° at the teeth tips are used.
- Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a cover strip (1) is used with auxiliary teeth mounted on the edges (5) of the teeth (3).
- Process according to claim 3, characterised in that a cover strip (1) with concavely curved teeth edges is used.
- Process according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a cover strip (1) with blunt or convexly rounded teeth tips (4) is used.
- Process according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a cover strip (1) is used in which the teeth tips (4) of one lateral edge (2) are respectively opposite the teeth gaps (6) of the other lateral edge.
- Roadway transition over a construction or movement join (10), in particular on bridges, in which a channel-like recess (11) penetrating the whole surface thickness is formed at least in the road surface (16) over the join (10), the upper section of the join (10) is filled with a bitumen-bonded, elastoviscous filling compound (17), the bottom face (13) and the side faces (14) of the recess (11) are also coated therewith, a preferably metal cover strip (1) is laid over this layer (17) to cover the join (10), the recess is filled with hot, grit-like loose material (12) with a substantially homogeneous grain size, whose cavities are filled with hot, bitumen-bonded, elastoviscous filling compound (19), characterised in that the cover strip (1) is provided with jagged lateral edges (2) and has a strip width (B) between the teeth tips (4) of between 15 and 40 cm, preferably between 20 and 30 cm, a tooth depth (T) of between 2 and 10 cm, preferably between 4 and 6 cm, and a spacing (A) of the teeth tips (4) of between 3 and 20 cm, preferably between 6 and 10 cm.
- Roadway transition according to claim 7, characterised in that the cover strip (1) has pointed teeth (3) with rectilinear teeth edges (5) and an angle of between 60° and 90° at the teeth tips (4).
- Roadway transition according to claim 7, characterised in that the cover strip (1) has pointed teeth (3) with concavely curved teeth edges (5).
- Roadway transition according to claim 7, 8 or 9, characterised in that the teeth tips (4) of the cover strip (1) have a slightly blunt or rounded shape.
- Roadway transition according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that on the cover strip (1) the teeth tips (4) of one lateral edge (2) are arranged opposite the teeth gaps of the other lateral edge (2).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88108583T ATE81170T1 (en) | 1987-06-23 | 1988-05-28 | METHOD AND COVERING STRIP FOR CREATING A ROAD TRANSITION OVER A CONSTRUCTION OR MOVEMENT JOINT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873720643 DE3720643A1 (en) | 1987-06-23 | 1987-06-23 | METHOD AND COVER STRIP FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A TRAVELWAY HALLWAY BY A CONSTRUCTION OR MOTION JOINT |
DE3720643 | 1987-06-23 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0296377A2 EP0296377A2 (en) | 1988-12-28 |
EP0296377A3 EP0296377A3 (en) | 1989-06-14 |
EP0296377B1 true EP0296377B1 (en) | 1992-09-30 |
Family
ID=6330080
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88108583A Expired - Lifetime EP0296377B1 (en) | 1987-06-23 | 1988-05-28 | Method and cover-strip for the preparation of a roadway-joint over a structural or settlement joint |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0296377B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE81170T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3720643A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2645886B1 (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1991-06-21 | Viafrance Sa | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING PAVEMENT JOINTS |
US5024554A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-06-18 | Koch Materials Company | Bridge joint construction |
NL9100524A (en) * | 1991-03-25 | 1992-10-16 | Hollandsche Betongroep Nv | METHOD FOR CLOSING THE JOINT BETWEEN TWO MOVABLE PATHS ON AN ASPHALT ROAD SURFACE, IN PARTICULAR THE JOINT BETWEEN TWO BRIDGE PARTS OR BETWEEN A BRIDGE PART AND A MAIN PART. |
CN103938824A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2014-07-23 | 向延桃 | Novel board joint technology |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH405382A (en) * | 1959-02-20 | 1966-01-15 | Bolta Werk Gmbh | Expansion joint tape |
US3340780A (en) * | 1964-09-11 | 1967-09-12 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Construction of asphalt overlays on rigid concrete pavements |
GB1318805A (en) * | 1971-10-08 | 1973-05-31 | Invernizzi L | Expansion joints in pre-stressed reinforced concrete bridges |
EP0000642B1 (en) * | 1977-07-22 | 1981-08-19 | Thormack Limited | A method of sealing bridge deck joints |
GB2065203B (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1983-07-20 | Advanced Sealants Ltd | Flexible road surfacing |
US4279533A (en) * | 1980-02-20 | 1981-07-21 | Harry S. Peterson Co., Inc. | Roadway expansion joint |
FR2562108B1 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1986-08-29 | Viafrance Sa | PROCESS FOR THE CONNECTION OF THE ENDS OF WORKS OF ART TO THE PAVEMENT AND TO THE FILL OF WORKS. |
-
1987
- 1987-06-23 DE DE19873720643 patent/DE3720643A1/en active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-05-28 DE DE8888108583T patent/DE3874976D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-05-28 EP EP88108583A patent/EP0296377B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-28 AT AT88108583T patent/ATE81170T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0296377A3 (en) | 1989-06-14 |
ATE81170T1 (en) | 1992-10-15 |
EP0296377A2 (en) | 1988-12-28 |
DE3874976D1 (en) | 1992-11-05 |
DE3720643A1 (en) | 1989-01-26 |
DE3720643C2 (en) | 1990-12-20 |
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