EP0295480B1 - Positive displacement machine - Google Patents

Positive displacement machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0295480B1
EP0295480B1 EP88108594A EP88108594A EP0295480B1 EP 0295480 B1 EP0295480 B1 EP 0295480B1 EP 88108594 A EP88108594 A EP 88108594A EP 88108594 A EP88108594 A EP 88108594A EP 0295480 B1 EP0295480 B1 EP 0295480B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
displacement
chamber
machine according
displacement body
displacement chamber
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EP88108594A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0295480A2 (en
EP0295480A3 (en
Inventor
Hans Paul Maier
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Agintec AG
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Agintec AG
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Priority to AT88108594T priority Critical patent/ATE68849T1/en
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Publication of EP0295480A3 publication Critical patent/EP0295480A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/02—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F01C1/0207—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F01C1/0246—Details concerning the involute wraps or their base, e.g. geometry

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a displacement machine for fluids, with a groove-like arranged in a fixed housing, from an inlet to an outlet approximately spiral-shaped and spanning more than 360 °, into which a likewise substantially spiral-shaped displacement body engages, which is held so eccentrically drivable that each of its points executes a circular movement delimited by the circumferential walls of the displacement chamber, the radii of curvature of the displacer body and the aforementioned circumferential walls being dimensioned such that the displacer body, in its circular, torsion-free movement, the inner and outer circumferential walls on a continuously progressing sealing line at least almost at all touched.
  • Comparable embodiments are e.g. in DE-A1-26 39 174, GB-A2-1 367 986, US-A-4,558,997 and US-A-4, 627,800. Common to all of these embodiments is the disadvantage of low overall efficiency.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a positive displacement machine of the type described above in terms of production technology and in terms of its overall efficiency.
  • the outer circumferential wall of the displacement chamber is made up of a plurality of partial circles which adjoin one another without a step reduced radius, while the inner peripheral wall of the displacement chamber consists of at least a partial circle. It is expedient if the at least one partial circle of the inner peripheral wall of the displacement chamber is at least approximately concentric with the third partial circle of the outer peripheral wall of the displacement chamber.
  • the significantly smaller wrap angle of the displacer compared to the prior art results in a significant improvement in the overall efficiency of the displacer.
  • the displacer can also be formed with thick walls. It is particularly advantageous that the eccentric bearing of the displacer can be carried out in the region of its greatest radial width, that is to say in the mechanically most stable part.
  • the displacement machine can be powered by the fluid itself and then as a motor or e.g. work as a volume meter; but it can also be motor-driven and then work as a pump or compressor.
  • the embodiment according to the invention has a lower pulsation, an advantage which is particularly noticeable in higher power ranges.
  • the new displacement machine is smaller in size than previously known designs with the same delivery rate. It is special for manufacturing and warehousing It is advantageous that the displacer chamber and the displacer body can each be assembled in segments from disk-shaped material to form a package of the desired axial thickness. As a result, such displacement machines of different conveying capacities can be changed simply by changing the number of disk parts to be connected to one another.
  • the displacement chamber is axially provided on one side with a wall and receives a displacer body, which in turn has a wall axially on one side, the devices for driving, output for an anti-rotation device or the like. having.
  • the new displacement machine does not require an anti-rotation device, provided that the eccentric driving or driven direction of the displacement body is in the direction of the increase in its radial width.
  • the displacer has a larger accumulation of material in its center or in the area where the highest pressure peaks occur, large-dimensioned bearings can be provided here. In the construction described above with an axially unilateral wall, this can e.g. a recess is centrally guided so as to prevent tilting movements of the displacement body.
  • the displacer body viewed in the axial direction, can have a central wall to which the spiral-shaped webs which extend axially in each case are attached on both sides.
  • the walls of the displacement chamber and / or of the displacement body are coated.
  • the displacement body is equipped with at least one of its two axial surfaces in the edge region with an axial rib each. This measure can be provided instead of the coating mentioned above or in addition to this.
  • the displacement body and / or the walls or webs of the displacement chamber can be hollow.
  • the cavities formed in this way can be closed off by lids in order to create chambers which can be used with appropriate hose connections for cooling or heating.
  • Another feature of the new positive displacement machine is that it has a dry suction behavior.
  • spring-elastic eccentric bearing elements can advantageously be used in the bearing area between the drive shaft - which is then designed as a simple shaft - and displacement bodies.
  • the displacer can also be driven at a frequency of over 120 Hz.
  • FIG. 1 shows a displacer chamber 2 which is arranged within a housing 1 and runs in a spiral and spans a little more than 360 °, which leads from an inlet indicated by an arrow 3 to an outlet not shown in this figure.
  • the groove-like displacement chamber 2 is defined by an outer peripheral wall 5 and an inner peripheral wall 6.
  • the outer peripheral wall 5 consists approximately of three adjoining semicircles, each with a reduced radius, while the inner peripheral wall 6 is formed from only a single semicircle, which is at least approximately concentric with the third semicircle of the outer peripheral wall 5.
  • the clear radial width 7 of the displacement chamber 2 that is to say the respective radial distance between the peripheral walls 5, 6, increases from the radially outer end 2a of the displacer chamber 2 to the radially inner end.
  • the inner peripheral wall 6 of the displacement chamber 2 is formed by a spiral web 8 approximately the same web width 9.
  • a displacer body 11 is inserted into the displacer chamber 2, which is only shown with a clear distance from the walls 5, 6 of the displacer chamber 2 only for reasons of illustration.
  • the outer contour of the displacer body 11 is likewise composed of a plurality of adjoining partial circles with reduced radii, the radial width 14 of the displacer body 11 continuously increasing in the circumferential direction inwards starting from its free, radially outer end 11a. This results in a material accumulation in the central area 11b, which e.g. the arrangement of a large eccentric bearing 21 enables.
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified embodiment in which the radial width 14 of the displacer 11 increases continuously from its radially inner end 11a to its radially outer end 11b.
  • the course of the displacement chamber 2 is corresponding.
  • the eccentric bearing 21, like the outlet indicated by an arrow 4, is on the outside.
  • the eccentric driving and driven direction 16 of the displacer 11 lies in the direction of the increase in its radial width 14.
  • Figure 3 shows a modified embodiment, the structure of which corresponds in principle to that of Figure 1.
  • the displacer body 11 is shown in FIG. 3 in a first working position in which it rests on the walls 5, 6 of the displacer chamber 2.
  • the displacer body 11 can be driven eccentrically, that each of its points executes a circular movement delimited by the circumferential walls 5, 6 of the displacement chamber 2, the radii of curvature of the displacer body 11 and the aforementioned circumferential walls in the displacer chamber being dimensioned such that the displacer body, during its circular, torsion-free movement, the inner and outer circumferential walls 6 , 5 at least in each case at least almost touched on a continuously progressing sealing line 15.
  • the reference numeral 10 designates the eccentricity.
  • the drawn-in contour 22 denotes the outer contour of a plate-shaped elevation 23 or the like, which sits on a one-sided end cover of the displacer body 11 (not shown in more detail) and carries a bushing 24 for the eccentric bearing 21 of the displacer body 11.
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 show the progress of the sealing lines 15 for the positions 1 to 4 shown in each case.
  • FIG. 7 shows a double displacement machine which comprises two individual machines according to FIG. 2 arranged in mirror image to one another. This results in two external eccentric bearings 21, the input or output shafts or the like by means of a toothed belt. can be connected for synchronization.
  • the arrow 3 shows an inlet common to both drive units, while the arrows 4 indicate the respective outlet. If this machine is driven axially in the center by the medium, it is operated as a motor; the shafts are then output shafts. If, however, the machine is driven by a motor, the medium is sucked in axially in the center; the machine then runs as a pump or as a compressor.
  • the drive or output of this double-shaft machine is accomplished by one shaft, since the toothed belt means that the second shaft runs synchronously and works as an anti-rotation device for the eccentrics.
  • An additional central shaft can also be provided, e.g. by means of an externally toothed gearwheel which engages in gearwheels of the two external shafts, which couples them to one another.
  • internal gear ratios between the central shaft and the two eccentric shafts can also be selected within certain size ratios of such machines, whereby alternatively the central shaft also encompasses the smaller externally toothed gears of the outer shafts by a cup-shaped, internally toothed body (comparable to the planetary gear).
  • the detail a-a shows the cross section of the displacer body 11 and reveals that it is equipped on its two axial surfaces 17 in the edge region with one axial rib 18 each in order to reduce the friction within the displacer chamber 2.
  • the ratio of the narrowest radial width 14 of the displacer 11 to its widest radial width lies within the range 1: 3 to 1:12.
  • a tangential arrangement can be selected for the external inlet or outlet, but this is not absolutely necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Beans For Foods Or Fodder (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Abstract

A displacement machine for fluids, having a displacement chamber, arranged in the manner of a groove in a fixed casing, running approximately spirally from an inlet to an outlet and spanning more than 360 DEG , into which chamber a likewise essentially spiral displacement body engages, which is held eccentrically drivably in such a way so as to execute a circular movement limited by the peripheral walls of the displacement chamber, the radii of curvature of the displacement body and the said peripheral walls being dimensioned such that, during its circulating, twist-free movement, the displacement body at least virtually touches the inner and outer peripheral walls at a continuously progressing sealing line.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verdrängermaschine für Fluide, mit einer in einem feststehenden Gehäuse nutartig angeordneten, von einem Einlaß zu einem Auslaß etwa spiralförmig verlaufenden und mehr als 360° umspannenden Verdrängerkammer, in die ein ebenfalls im wesentlichen spiralförmiger Verdrängerkörper eingreift, der derart exzentrisch antreibbar gehalten ist, daß jeder seiner Punkte eine von den Umfangswandungen der Verdrängerkammer begrenzte Kreisbewegung ausführt, wobei die Krümmungsradien des Verdrängerkörpers sowie der genannten Umfangswandungen so bemessen sind, daß der Verdrängerkörper bei seiner kreisenden, verdrehungsfreien Bewegung die inneren und äußeren Umfangswandungen an jeweils einer kontinuierlich fortschreitenden Dichtungslinie zumindest nahezu berührt.The invention relates to a displacement machine for fluids, with a groove-like arranged in a fixed housing, from an inlet to an outlet approximately spiral-shaped and spanning more than 360 °, into which a likewise substantially spiral-shaped displacement body engages, which is held so eccentrically drivable that each of its points executes a circular movement delimited by the circumferential walls of the displacement chamber, the radii of curvature of the displacer body and the aforementioned circumferential walls being dimensioned such that the displacer body, in its circular, torsion-free movement, the inner and outer circumferential walls on a continuously progressing sealing line at least almost at all touched.

Eine derartige Ausführungsform läßt sich beispielsweise der DE-A1-26 03 462 entnehmen. Die hier offenbarten Konstruktionen fordern einen besonders hohen Fertigungsaufwand im Druckbereich, also dort, wo Verdrängerkammer und Verdrängerkörper sehr kleine Krümmungsradien aufweisen.Such an embodiment can be found, for example, in DE-A1-26 03 462. The constructions disclosed here require a particularly high production outlay in the pressure range, that is to say where the displacement chamber and displacement body have very small radii of curvature.

Vergleichbare Ausführungsformen sind z.B. in der DE-A1-26 39 174, der GB-A2-1 367 986, der US-A-4,558,997 und der US-A-4, 627,800 zu entnehmen. Allen diesen Ausführungsformen gemeinsam ist der Nachteil eines niedrigen Gesamtwirkungsgrades.Comparable embodiments are e.g. in DE-A1-26 39 174, GB-A2-1 367 986, US-A-4,558,997 and US-A-4, 627,800. Common to all of these embodiments is the disadvantage of low overall efficiency.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Verdrängermaschine der eingangs erläuterten Bauform in fertigungstechnischer Hinsicht sowie bezüglich ihres Gesamtwirkungsgrades zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to improve a positive displacement machine of the type described above in terms of production technology and in terms of its overall efficiency.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch folgende Merkmale gelöst:

  • a) Der Umschlingungswinkel des Verdrängerkörpers ist < 400°, vorzugsweise < 395°;
  • b) die Radialbreite des Verdrängerkörpers nimmt von seinem einen Ende kontinuierlich zu seinem anderen Ende hin zu;
  • c) die lichte Radialbreite der Verdrängerkammer nimmt in gleicher Richtung wie beim Verdrängerkörper von ihrem einen Ende kontinuierlich zu ihrem anderen Ende hin zu;
  • d) der Verdrängerkörper weist im Bereich seiner größten Radialbreite seine Exzenterlagerung auf;
  • e) der genannte Auslaß ist im Bereich der größten Radialbreit des Verdrängerkörpers bzw. der Verdrängerkammer angeordnet;
  • f) die exzentrische An- bzw. Abtriebsrichtung des Verdrängerkörpers liegt in Richtung der Zunahme seiner Radialbreite.
This object is achieved according to the invention by the following features:
  • a) The wrap angle of the displacement body is <400 °, preferably <395 °;
  • b) the radial width of the displacer continuously increases from one end to the other end;
  • c) the clear radial width of the displacement chamber increases continuously in the same direction as in the displacement body from one end to the other end;
  • d) the displacer has its eccentric bearing in the area of its greatest radial width;
  • e) said outlet is arranged in the region of the largest radial width of the displacement body or the displacement chamber;
  • f) the eccentric driving or driven direction of the displacement body lies in the direction of the increase in its radial width.

In einer speziellen Ausführungsform kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die äußere Umfangswandung der Verdrängerkammer aus mehreren, sich absatzfrei aneinander anschließenden Teilkreisen mit jeweils verringertem Radius besteht, während die innere Umfangswandung der Verdrängerkammer aus zumindest einem Teilkreis besteht. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn der zumindest eine Teilkreis der inneren Umfangswandung der Verdrängerkammer zumindest angenähert konzentrisch zum dritten Teilkreis der äußeren Umfangswandung der Verdrängerkammer liegt.In a special embodiment, it can be advantageous if the outer circumferential wall of the displacement chamber is made up of a plurality of partial circles which adjoin one another without a step reduced radius, while the inner peripheral wall of the displacement chamber consists of at least a partial circle. It is expedient if the at least one partial circle of the inner peripheral wall of the displacement chamber is at least approximately concentric with the third partial circle of the outer peripheral wall of the displacement chamber.

Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, wenn sich die einander zugeordneten äußeren und inneren Teilkreise jeweils über die gleichen Winkelgrade erstrecken, und wenn die innere Umfangswandung der Verdrängerkammer durch einen Spiralsteg angenähert gleicher Stegbreite gebildet ist.In particular, it is advantageous if the mutually associated outer and inner partial circles each extend over the same angular degrees, and if the inner peripheral wall of the displacement chamber is formed by a spiral web of approximately the same web width.

Durch den im Vergleich zu dem Stand der Technik erheblich kleineren Umschlingungswinkel des Verdrängerkörpers ergibt sich eine wesentliche Verbesserung des Gesamtwirkungsgrades der Verdrängermaschine. Durch diese Verringerung des Umschlingungswinkels läßt sich der Verdrängerkörper auch starkwandiger ausbilden. Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, daß die Exzenterlagerung des Verdrängerkörpers im Bereich seiner größten Radialbreite, also in dem mechanisch gesehen stabilsten Teil vorgenommen werden kann.The significantly smaller wrap angle of the displacer compared to the prior art results in a significant improvement in the overall efficiency of the displacer. As a result of this reduction in the wrap angle, the displacer can also be formed with thick walls. It is particularly advantageous that the eccentric bearing of the displacer can be carried out in the region of its greatest radial width, that is to say in the mechanically most stable part.

Die Verdrängermaschine kann durch das Fluid selbst angetrieben sein und dann als Motor oder z.B. als Volumenmesser arbeiten; sie kann aber auch motorisch angetrieben sein und dann als Pumpe oder Verdichter arbeiten. Im Vergleich zu Verdrängermaschinen mit zwei oder mehr separaten Verdrängerräumen (z.B. gemäß DE-A1-22 30 773) weist die erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform eine geringere Pulsation auf, ein Vorteil, der sich insbesondere in höheren Leistungsbereichen bemerkbar macht.The displacement machine can be powered by the fluid itself and then as a motor or e.g. work as a volume meter; but it can also be motor-driven and then work as a pump or compressor. In comparison to displacement machines with two or more separate displacement spaces (e.g. according to DE-A1-22 30 773), the embodiment according to the invention has a lower pulsation, an advantage which is particularly noticeable in higher power ranges.

Die neue Verdrängermaschine weist im Vergleich zu vorbekannten Konstruktionen gleicher Förderleistung eine geringere Baugröße auf. Dabei ist es für die Fertigung sowie die Lagerhaltung besonders vorteilhaft, daß Verdrängerkammer sowie Verdrängerkörper segmentartig jeweils aus scheibenförmigem Material zu einem Paket der gewünschten Axialdicke zusammengesetzt werden können. Dadurch lassen sich solche Verdrängermaschinen unterschiedlicher Förderleistung durch bloße Veränderung der Anzahl der miteinander zu verbindenden Scheibenteile verändern.The new displacement machine is smaller in size than previously known designs with the same delivery rate. It is special for manufacturing and warehousing It is advantageous that the displacer chamber and the displacer body can each be assembled in segments from disk-shaped material to form a package of the desired axial thickness. As a result, such displacement machines of different conveying capacities can be changed simply by changing the number of disk parts to be connected to one another.

Es ist grundsätzlich möglich, die Verdrängerkammer axial gesehen von beiden Seiten mit glatten Deckeln zu verschließen, zwischen denen dann der Verdrängerkörper frei beweglich gelagert ist. Es ist aber auch möglich, daß die Verdrängerkammer axial einseitig mit einer Wandung versehen ist und einen Verdrängerkörper aufnimmt, der seinerseits axial einseitig eine Wandung aufweist, die Einrichtungen zum Antrieb, Abtrieb für eine Verdrehsicherung o.dergl. aufweist. An sich kann bei der neuen Verdrängermaschine auf eine Verdrehsicherung verzichtet werden, soweit die exzentrische An- bzw. Abtriebsrichtung des Verdrängerkörpers in Richtung der Zunahme seiner Radialbreite liegt. Da jedoch bei der neuen Ausführungsform der Verdrängerkörper in seinem Zentrum bzw. in dem Bereich, wo die höchsten Druckspitzen auftreten, eine größere Materialansammlung aufweist, kann bzw. können hier jeweils großdimensionierte Lagerungen vorgesehen werden. Bei der vorstehend beschriebenen Bauweise mit axial einseitiger Wandung kann durch diese in den Verdrängerkörper hinein z.B. zentral eine Ausnehmung geführt werden, um so Kippbewegungen des Verdrängerkörpers zu verhindern.It is fundamentally possible to close the displacement chamber axially seen from both sides with smooth lids, between which the displacer body is then freely movable. But it is also possible that the displacement chamber is axially provided on one side with a wall and receives a displacer body, which in turn has a wall axially on one side, the devices for driving, output for an anti-rotation device or the like. having. As such, the new displacement machine does not require an anti-rotation device, provided that the eccentric driving or driven direction of the displacement body is in the direction of the increase in its radial width. However, since in the new embodiment the displacer has a larger accumulation of material in its center or in the area where the highest pressure peaks occur, large-dimensioned bearings can be provided here. In the construction described above with an axially unilateral wall, this can e.g. a recess is centrally guided so as to prevent tilting movements of the displacement body.

In einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform kann der Verdrängerkörper in axialer Richtung gesehen eine mittige Wandung aufweisen, an der beidseitig die sich jeweils axial erstreckenden spiralförmigen Stege angebracht sind.In a modified embodiment, the displacer body, viewed in the axial direction, can have a central wall to which the spiral-shaped webs which extend axially in each case are attached on both sides.

Zur Reduzierung des Verschleißes ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Wandungen der Verdrängerkammer und/oder des Verdrängerkörpers beschichtet sind.To reduce wear, it is advantageous if the walls of the displacement chamber and / or of the displacement body are coated.

Ebenfalls zur Minderung der Reibung beim Betrieb der Verdrängermaschine kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn der Verdrängerkörper auf zumindest einer seiner beiden Axialflächen im Randbereich mit je einer Axialrippe bestückt ist. Diese Maßnahme kann anstelle der vorstehend erwähnten Beschichtung oder aber zusätzlich zu dieser vorgesehen werden.To reduce the friction during operation of the displacement machine, it can also be advantageous if the displacement body is equipped with at least one of its two axial surfaces in the edge region with an axial rib each. This measure can be provided instead of the coating mentioned above or in addition to this.

Der Verdrängerkörper und/oder die Wandungen bzw. Stege der Verdrängerkammer können hohl ausgebildet sein. Die so gebildeten Hohlräume können durch Deckel abgeschlossen werden, um so Kammern entstehen zu lassen, die mit entsprechenden Schlauchanschlüssen zur Kühlung oder Heizung verwendet werden können. Dies gilt in erster Linie für die jeweils einseitig mit einer Wandung versehenen Bauteile, deren Herstellung bei metallischen Werkstoffen in zerspanenden oder spanlosen Verfahren vorgenommen werden können. Bei Verwendung von plastischen Werkstoffen, die je nach Betriebsbedingungen ebenfalls geeignet sind, können die entsprechenden Spritz- oder Preßverfahren angewandt werden.The displacement body and / or the walls or webs of the displacement chamber can be hollow. The cavities formed in this way can be closed off by lids in order to create chambers which can be used with appropriate hose connections for cooling or heating. This applies primarily to the components provided with a wall on one side, the production of which can be carried out with metal materials in a cutting or non-cutting process. If plastic materials are used, which are also suitable depending on the operating conditions, the corresponding spraying or pressing processes can be used.

Die neue Verdrängermaschine weist als weitere Eigenschaft auch ein trockenes Ansaugverhalten auf. Zur Überbrückung von Fertigungstoleranzen können vorteilhaft federelastische Exzenterlagerelemente im Lagerbereich zwischen der Antriebswelle - die dann als einfache Welle ausgebildet ist - und Verdrängerkörper eingesetzt werden. Der Antrieb des Verdrängerkörpers kann je nach Baugröße mit einer Frequenz auch von über 120 hz erfolgen.Another feature of the new positive displacement machine is that it has a dry suction behavior. To bridge manufacturing tolerances, spring-elastic eccentric bearing elements can advantageously be used in the bearing area between the drive shaft - which is then designed as a simple shaft - and displacement bodies. Depending on the size, the displacer can also be driven at a frequency of over 120 Hz.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind Gegenstand weiterer Unteransprüche und werden in Verbindung mit weiteren Vorteilen der Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.Further features of the invention are the subject of further subclaims and are explained in more detail in connection with further advantages of the invention on the basis of exemplary embodiments.

In der Zeichnung sind einige als Beispiele dienende Ausführungsformen der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
im Querschnitt eine Verdrängerkammer mit eingesetztem Verdrängerkörper, dessen dargestellte Position keiner Betriebsstellung entspricht sondern nur zur leichteren Erkennbarkeit gewählt wurde;
Figur 2
eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform in einer Darstellung gemäß Figur 1;
Figur 3
eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform in einer Darstellung gemäß Figur 1, wobei jedoch der Verdrängerkörper eine erste Arbeitsposition einnimmt;
Figuren 4 bis 6
ausgehend von der Darstellung gemäß Figur 3 fortlaufend drei verschiedene Arbeitspositionen des Verdrängerkörpers und
Figur 7
in einer Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 eine Doppel-Verdrängermaschine.
Some exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. Show it:
Figure 1
in cross section a displacement chamber with an inserted displacement body, the position shown does not correspond to an operating position but was only chosen for easier identification;
Figure 2
a modified embodiment in a representation according to Figure 1;
Figure 3
a modified embodiment in a representation according to Figure 1, however, the displacer assumes a first working position;
Figures 4 to 6
proceeding from the representation according to FIG. 3, three different working positions of the displacer and
Figure 7
in a representation according to Figure 1, a double displacement machine.

Figur 1 zeigt eine innerhalb eines Gehäuses 1 angeordnete, spiralförmig verlaufende und etwas mehr als 360° umspannende Verdrängerkammer 2, die von einem durch einen Pfeil 3 angedeuteten Einlaß zu einem in dieser Figur nicht näher dargestellten Auslaß führt. Die nutartige Verdrängerkammer 2 wird durch eine äußere Umfangswandung 5 und eine innere Umfangswandung 6 definiert. Dabei besteht die äußere Umfangswandung 5 angenähert aus drei sich aneinander anschließenden Halbkreisen mit jeweils verringertem Radius, während die innere Umfangswandung 6 aus nur einem einzigen Halbkreis gebildet wird, der zumindest angenähert konzentrisch zum dritten Halbkreis der äußeren Umfangswandung 5 liegt.FIG. 1 shows a displacer chamber 2 which is arranged within a housing 1 and runs in a spiral and spans a little more than 360 °, which leads from an inlet indicated by an arrow 3 to an outlet not shown in this figure. The groove-like displacement chamber 2 is defined by an outer peripheral wall 5 and an inner peripheral wall 6. The outer peripheral wall 5 consists approximately of three adjoining semicircles, each with a reduced radius, while the inner peripheral wall 6 is formed from only a single semicircle, which is at least approximately concentric with the third semicircle of the outer peripheral wall 5.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 nimmt die lichte Radialbreite 7 der Verdrängerkammer 2, also der jeweilige radiale Abstand zwischen den Umfangswandungen 5,6, ausgehend von dem radial außenliegenden Ende 2a der Verdrängerkammer 2 zum radial innenliegenden Ende hin zu. Dabei wird die innere Umfangswandung 6 der Verdrängerkammer 2 durch eine Spiralsteg 8 angenähert gleicher Stegbreite 9 gebildet.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the clear radial width 7 of the displacement chamber 2, that is to say the respective radial distance between the peripheral walls 5, 6, increases from the radially outer end 2a of the displacer chamber 2 to the radially inner end. The inner peripheral wall 6 of the displacement chamber 2 is formed by a spiral web 8 approximately the same web width 9.

In die Verdrängerkammer 2 ist ein Verdrängerkörper 11 eingesetzt, der nur aus Darstellungsgründen jeweils mit einem lichten Abstand von den Wandungen 5,6 der Verdrängerkammer 2 dargestellt ist. Die Außenkontur des Verdrängerkörpers 11 setzt sich ebenfalls zusammen aus mehreren sich aneinander anschließenden Teilkreisen mit verringerten Radien, wobei die Radialbreite 14 des Verdrängerkörpers 11 ausgehend von seinem freien, radial außenliegenden Ende 11a in Umfangsrichtung nach innen kontinuierlich zunimmt. Dabei ergibt sich im zentralen Bereich 11b eine Materialansammlung, die z.B. die Anordnung einer großdimensionierten Exzenterlagerung 21 ermöglicht.A displacer body 11 is inserted into the displacer chamber 2, which is only shown with a clear distance from the walls 5, 6 of the displacer chamber 2 only for reasons of illustration. The outer contour of the displacer body 11 is likewise composed of a plurality of adjoining partial circles with reduced radii, the radial width 14 of the displacer body 11 continuously increasing in the circumferential direction inwards starting from its free, radially outer end 11a. This results in a material accumulation in the central area 11b, which e.g. the arrangement of a large eccentric bearing 21 enables.

Figur 2 zeigt eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform, bei der die Radialbreite 14 des Verdrängerkörpers 11 von seinem radial innenliegenden Ende 11a kontinuierlich zu seinem radial außenliegenden Ende 11b hin zunimmt. Der Verlauf der Verdrängerkammer 2 ist entsprechend. Die Exzenterlagerung 21 liegt ebenso wie der durch einen Pfeil 4 angedeutete Auslaß außen. Die exzentrische An- bzw. Abtriebsrichtung 16 des Verdrängerkörpers 11 liegt jeweils in Richtung der Zunahme seiner Radialbreite 14.FIG. 2 shows a modified embodiment in which the radial width 14 of the displacer 11 increases continuously from its radially inner end 11a to its radially outer end 11b. The course of the displacement chamber 2 is corresponding. The eccentric bearing 21, like the outlet indicated by an arrow 4, is on the outside. The eccentric driving and driven direction 16 of the displacer 11 lies in the direction of the increase in its radial width 14.

Figur 3 zeigt eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform, deren Aufbau im Prinzip dem der Figur 1 entspricht. Jedoch ist in Figur 3 der Verdrängerkörper 11 in einer ersten Arbeitsstellung dargestellt, in der er an den Wandungen 5,6 der Verdrängerkammer 2 anliegt. Dabei ist der Verdrängerkörper 11 derart exzentrisch antreibbar, daß jeder seiner Punkte eine von den Umfangswandungen 5,6 der Verdrängerkammer 2 begrenzte Kreisbewegung ausführt, wobei die Krümmungsradien des Verdrängerkörpers 11 sowie die genannten Umfangswandungen in der Verdrängerkammer so bemessen sind, daß der Verdrängerkörper bei seiner kreisenden, verdrehungsfreien Bewegung die inneren und äußeren Umfangswandungen 6,5 an jeweils einer kontinuierlich fortschreitenden Dichtungslinie 15 zumindest nahezu berührt. Dieser Bewegungsablauf ist anhand von vier Arbeitsstellungen in den Figuren 3 bis 6 dargestellt. Das Bezugszeichen 10 bezeichnet dabei die Exzentrizität. Die eingezeichnete Kontur 22 bezeichnet die Außenkontur einer plattenförmigen Erhöhung 23 o.dergl., die auf einem nicht näher dargestellten einseitigen Abschlußdeckel des Verdrängerkörpers 11 sitzt und eine Buchse 24 trägt für die Exzenterlagerung 21 des Verdrängerkörpers 11.Figure 3 shows a modified embodiment, the structure of which corresponds in principle to that of Figure 1. However, the displacer body 11 is shown in FIG. 3 in a first working position in which it rests on the walls 5, 6 of the displacer chamber 2. In this case, the displacer body 11 can be driven eccentrically, that each of its points executes a circular movement delimited by the circumferential walls 5, 6 of the displacement chamber 2, the radii of curvature of the displacer body 11 and the aforementioned circumferential walls in the displacer chamber being dimensioned such that the displacer body, during its circular, torsion-free movement, the inner and outer circumferential walls 6 , 5 at least in each case at least almost touched on a continuously progressing sealing line 15. This sequence of movements is illustrated with the aid of four working positions in FIGS. 3 to 6. The reference numeral 10 designates the eccentricity. The drawn-in contour 22 denotes the outer contour of a plate-shaped elevation 23 or the like, which sits on a one-sided end cover of the displacer body 11 (not shown in more detail) and carries a bushing 24 for the eccentric bearing 21 of the displacer body 11.

Die Figuren 3 bis 6 zeigen für die jeweils eingezeichneten Positionen 1 bis 4 das Fortschreiten der Dichtungslinien 15.FIGS. 3 to 6 show the progress of the sealing lines 15 for the positions 1 to 4 shown in each case.

Figur 7 zeigt eine Doppel-Verdrängermaschine, die zwei spiegelbildlich zueinander angeordnete Einzelmaschinen gemäß Figur 2 umfaßt. Es ergeben sich hier zwei außenliegende Exzenterlager 21, deren An- oder Abtriebswellen durch einen Zahnriemen o.dergl. zur Synchronisierung verbunden sein können. Der Pfeil 3 zeigt einen für beide Antriebseinheiten gemeinsamen Einlaß, während die Pfeile 4 den jeweiligen Auslaß andeuten. Wird diese Maschine durch das Medium axial im Zentrum angetrieben, ergibt sich ein Betrieb als Motor; die Wellen sind dann Abtriebswellen. Wird die Maschine hingegen motorisch angetrieben, dann wird das Medium axial im Zentrum angesaugt; die Maschine läuft dann als Pumpe oder als Verdichter. Der An- oder Abtrieb dieser Doppelwellen-Maschine wird durch eine Welle bewerkstelligt, da durch den genannten Zahnriemen die zweite Welle synchron mitläuft und als Verdrehsicherung für die Exzenter arbeitet.FIG. 7 shows a double displacement machine which comprises two individual machines according to FIG. 2 arranged in mirror image to one another. This results in two external eccentric bearings 21, the input or output shafts or the like by means of a toothed belt. can be connected for synchronization. The arrow 3 shows an inlet common to both drive units, while the arrows 4 indicate the respective outlet. If this machine is driven axially in the center by the medium, it is operated as a motor; the shafts are then output shafts. If, however, the machine is driven by a motor, the medium is sucked in axially in the center; the machine then runs as a pump or as a compressor. The drive or output of this double-shaft machine is accomplished by one shaft, since the toothed belt means that the second shaft runs synchronously and works as an anti-rotation device for the eccentrics.

Es kann auch eine zusätzliche Zentralwelle vorgesehen werden, die z.B. durch ein außenverzahntes Zahnrad, das in Zahnräder der beiden außenliegenden Wellen eingreift, diese miteinander koppelt. Dadurch können innerhalb bestimmter Größenverhältnisse derartiger Maschinen auch interne Über- oder Untersetzungen zwischen der Zentralwelle und den beiden Exzenterwellen gewählt werden, wobei alternativ auch die Zentralwelle durch einen topfförmigen, innenverzahnten Körper die kleineren außenverzahnten Zahnräder der außenliegenden Wellen umgreift (vergleichbar einam Planetengetriebe).An additional central shaft can also be provided, e.g. by means of an externally toothed gearwheel which engages in gearwheels of the two external shafts, which couples them to one another. As a result, internal gear ratios between the central shaft and the two eccentric shafts can also be selected within certain size ratios of such machines, whereby alternatively the central shaft also encompasses the smaller externally toothed gears of the outer shafts by a cup-shaped, internally toothed body (comparable to the planetary gear).

Das Detail a-a zeigt den Querschnitt des Verdrängerkörpers 11 und läßt erkennen, daß dieser auf seinen beiden Axialflächen 17 im Randbereich mit je einer Axialrippe 18 bestückt ist, um die Reibung innerhalb der Verdrängerkammer 2 herabzusetzen.The detail a-a shows the cross section of the displacer body 11 and reveals that it is equipped on its two axial surfaces 17 in the edge region with one axial rib 18 each in order to reduce the friction within the displacer chamber 2.

Günstig für alle Ausführungsformen ist es, wenn das Verhältnis der schmalsten Radialbreite 14 des Verdrängerkörpers 11 zu seiner breitesten Radialbreite innerhalb des Bereiches 1 : 3 bis 1 : 12 liegt.It is favorable for all embodiments if the ratio of the narrowest radial width 14 of the displacer 11 to its widest radial width lies within the range 1: 3 to 1:12.

Bei außenliegendem Ein- bzw. Auslaß kann eine tangentiale Anordnung gewählt werden, die jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich ist.A tangential arrangement can be selected for the external inlet or outlet, but this is not absolutely necessary.

Es ist zweckmäßig, die Verdrängerkammer 2 etwas länger auszubilden als es zur Aufnahme des Verdrängerkörpers 11 erforderlich ist. Dadurch ergibt sich eine Beruhigung der Pulsation sowie Platz für den Ein- bzw. Auslaß 3,4.It is expedient to design the displacement chamber 2 somewhat longer than is necessary to accommodate the displacement body 11. This results in a calming of the pulsation and space for the inlet or outlet 3, 4.

Claims (11)

  1. Displacement machine for fluids, with a displacement chamber (2) arranged in slot-like manner in a stationary housing (1), running approximately in a spiral shape from an inlet (3) to an outlet (4) and spanning more than 360°, in which displacement chamber (2) a likewise substantially spiral-shaped displacement body (11) engages, which is held so that it can be driven eccentrically such that each of its points carries out a circular movement delimited by the peripheral walls (5, 6) of the displacement chamber (2), the radii of curvature of the displacement body (11) and of the said peripheral walls (5, 6) being dimensioned so that the displacement body (11), during its circling, non-twisting movement, at least almost contacts the inner and outer peripheral walls (6, 5) at a respective continually progressive sealing line (15), characterized by the following features:
    a) the angle of wrap of the displacement body (11) is < 400°, preferably < 395°;
    b) the radial width (14) of the displacement body (11) increases continuously from its one end (11a, 11b) to its other end (11b, 11a);
    c) the clear radial width (7) of the displacement chamber (2) increases continuously from its one end (2a, 2b) to its other end (2b, 2a), in the same direction as in the displacement body (11);
    d) the displacement body (11) has its eccentric bearing (21) in the region of its largest radial width (14);
    e) the said outlet (4) is arranged in the region of the largest radial width (14, 7) of the displacement body (11) and of the displacement chamber (2) respectively;
    f) the eccentric drive or output direction (16) of the displacement body (11) is in the direction in which the radial width (14) increases.
  2. Displacement machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the outer peripheral wall (5) of the displacement chamber (2) comprises a plurality of part circles adjoining one another in continuous manner and having a respectively reduced radius, while the inner peripheral wall (6) of the displacement chamber (2) comprises at least one part circle.
  3. Displacement machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the at least one part circle of the inner peripheral wall (6) of the displacement chamber (2) lies at least approximately concentrically with respect to the third part circle of the outer peripheral wall (5) of the displacement chamber (2).
  4. Displacement machine according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the outer and inner part circles assigned to one another each extend over the same angular degrees.
  5. Displacement machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner peripheral wall (6) of the displacement chamber (2) is formed by a spiral web (8) of approximately the same web width (9).
  6. Displacement machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement body (11) is provided on one axial side with a wall which has drive or output devices, means of preventing twisting or the like.
  7. Displacement machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement chamber (2) is provided on one axial side with a wall.
  8. Displacement machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the walls of the displacement chamber (2) and/or of the displacement body (11) are coated.
  9. Displacement machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement body (11) is equipped on at least one of its two axial faces (17) in the edge region with a respective axial rib (18).
  10. Displacement machine according to Claim 9, characterized in that the axial rib (18) is constructed to run peripherally.
  11. Displacement machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement body (11) and/or the walls of the displacement chamber (2) are constructed to be hollow.
EP88108594A 1987-06-15 1988-05-30 Positive displacement machine Expired - Lifetime EP0295480B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88108594T ATE68849T1 (en) 1987-06-15 1988-05-30 DISPLACEMENT MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873719950 DE3719950A1 (en) 1987-06-15 1987-06-15 DISPLACEMENT MACHINE
DE3719950 1987-06-15

Publications (3)

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EP0295480A2 EP0295480A2 (en) 1988-12-21
EP0295480A3 EP0295480A3 (en) 1989-07-26
EP0295480B1 true EP0295480B1 (en) 1991-10-23

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EP88108594A Expired - Lifetime EP0295480B1 (en) 1987-06-15 1988-05-30 Positive displacement machine

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US (1) US4886433A (en)
EP (1) EP0295480B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01117901A (en)
CN (1) CN1012749B (en)
AT (1) ATE68849T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8802924A (en)
DE (2) DE3719950A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2025244B3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4886433A (en) 1989-12-12
EP0295480A2 (en) 1988-12-21
DE3719950A1 (en) 1989-01-05
DE3865747D1 (en) 1991-11-28
CN1030812A (en) 1989-02-01
ATE68849T1 (en) 1991-11-15
EP0295480A3 (en) 1989-07-26
BR8802924A (en) 1989-01-03
CN1012749B (en) 1991-06-05
ES2025244B3 (en) 1992-03-16
JPH01117901A (en) 1989-05-10

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