DE1935621A1 - Displacement pump - Google Patents

Description

DISPLACEMENT PUMP

The invention relates to a positive displacement pump, preferably for generating a vacuum. According to Reuleaux 'Theoretische Kinematik', 'Braunschweig 1875, pages 399 ff, a device is known which is referred to as Payton ¹ shear water knife The conveyor chambers are each formed by the cylindrical housing wall and a volvent arc on the one hand and the flat end faces of the housing on the other. One of the main disadvantages of this arrangement is the high sliding speed of the ends of the involute arcs on the housing wall.

There are also various types of equipment that, depending on the purpose and the working medium, either have hydraulic motors, Pumps, pneumatic motors, compressors, fans, or air pumps are known in many designs. as Pneumatic devices for small and medium pressures with large and medium flow rates are mostly included Sliders, helical or other high-speed ones Systems are used, each of which has various disadvantages. The disadvantage of slide compressors consists, for example, in the large amount of friction, super-screw compressors are too complicated because of the many stages of work that are required for higher pressures.

The invention has set itself the task of circumventing the disadvantages outlined and specifying a system which is easy to assemble and manufacture and which the disadvantages of high friction, in particular the complicated drive and clutch mechanisms as well as the avoids costly manufacturing »

9-09885 / 1172

This object is achieved in that for Formation of the scoop chambers (V) two with projections (2) 'interlocking, flat, parallel disks (1) are provided, and that these projections (2) on both. Discs (1> with regard to the center line (L) determine involute circles with the same base circle (rg), and that at least a disc (1) with a drive element (6) 'for circular Translational movement of one disc (1) is connected with respect to the other, the scooping chambers (V) from the outside of one Vorsnrungs (2) and the inside of the other projection (2) are limited. The inventive Arrangement has the significant advantage over the known state of the art that the disks do not have any require special guidance, but the circular involute-shaped projections primarily this task, the require a complicated mechanism for a different structure, take over. Another significant advantage of an embodiment according to the invention is seen in that .that the Production of the circular involute-shaped projections continuously can be done by superimposing a rotary and a feed movement. It should also be emphasized that the Rubbed in accordance with the invention allows the production of volumetric machines in which several circular involute Projections are arranged on a disc. This enables a particularly uniform conveying effect to be achieved. In addition, with such an arrangement, the disk with the circular involute-shaped projections is completely balanced,

It has been shown to be beneficial to open both discs staggered axes that run through the zero point of the circular involute projections to be arranged rotatably. This makes it possible that one of the disks has a Drive element can be set in rotary motion, the driven Seheibe by means of power transmission via the flanks of the circular involute projections the other

909885/1172

Disc set in a rotary movement with the same speed and direction of rotation, whereby both discs the relative movement in the form of a circular shift.

In different cases it may be useful that both Discs can be driven via corresponding drive elements in the same direction of rotation and at the same speed can be done, for example, by arranging ring gears on the outer circumference of the disks, in which a common Gear meshes. Furthermore, it can be useful that one disk is fixedly arranged and that the other disk "Performs the relative movement in the form of the circular displacement by means of appropriate drive elements.

It has proven to be advantageous that the parallel guidance during the circular displacement movement through the flanks of the Circular involute projections is effected. In special cases it can be useful that the parallel guidance is caused in the circular displacement movement by driver elements. For sealing reasons it can be advantageous that at least one disc is provided on its outer periphery with a circular projection, which together with the other disc forms a radial seal. It also appears expedient that for continuous adjustment of the radial play, at least one of the disks is arranged eccentrically and rotatably on the offset axis.

It has proven to be advantageous that to compensate for the axial pressure in the between the disks and the circular involute Projections formed chambers in the side facing away from the involute side of the one disc annular base is arranged, which on in housing recesses arranged support elements rests and is sealed with * means of sealing rings, and that the space between the annular base and the disc in communication with one of the chambers via a pressure equalization line stands.

909885/1172 -4

To compensate for the axial pressure in the chambers formed between the discs, it is also possible because! ⁵ , an annular base is slidably arranged, which presses the two disks against one another by means of a compression spring. It can be useful here for the spring force of the compression spring to be adjustable by means of adjusting screws.

It can also be useful that the Circular involute projections inserted sealing strips are.

The disks and the circular involute projections are normally milled - and - cast or sintered from metal. However, it can be expedient to cover the metallic disks and circular involute-shaped projection with a flexible material such as rubber or plastic. For example, when conveying acidic media or gases, it can also be expedient for the disks and the force-involute projection to be made entirely of plastic. In an expedient from ^F t! Guide form of eriindungsgem'lßen Haschine is arranged a rotatable örmigen both sides with kroisevolventen ^ ^tr orsprüngen disc provided between two stationary discs with kreitevolventenförmigen projections whose stand orsprünge in engagement with the protrusions of the stationary discs ", where for achieve a uniform ^r Flow capacity of the projections einen.Seite are compared with those of the other side twisted.

It has also proven to be advantageous that the circular involute shapes Projections have trapezoidal or rectangular cross-section. In special F-garages there is one other cross-sectional shape of the projections not excluded.

BATH ORIGINAL

. 909885/1172

Examples of the er ^p indunPSCTenv ^! The pumps are explained in more detail below with the aid of the drawings. ^r n show:

^ if ^r . 1) the basic principle of the establishment in

a nin <* äncri ( ^r , en, single-stage ^ umne with a ^ oat and a movable disc "in longitudinal section according to II ~ II of the Fic". 2.

Fig. 2) a cross section according to I-1 of the Fip ,. 1.

Fig. 3) a ^ Mn ^ strength, three-stage pump with two stationary discs and arranged therebetween movable disc with beidseitit ^ en involutes a * ftrmi <Ten Vorf? Pr ^f ln "s in section according to IV-IV of the fin. H.

Fit *, Ι) ainan section according to ITI-III of Fi ^ ,. 3.

For. 5) a single, multi-faceted point with a fixed and one movable slide with ausoleichskaramer and with Mitnehir.erelementp.n Partial section V-V is a section through a driver element and by one of the rint ^ fArmiere pad supporting balls.

Fig. 6) a two-cast, single-stage pump with it rotating discs, adjustable radial play and pressure compensation chamber in longitudinal section

Fig. 7) a cross-section corresponding to VI-VI of Fig. S,

-S-BAD ORIGINAL

193562t

Fi? *. S) cine machine nit rotating and -in ^t 'nfancr niit gear rims versnhp.Rfn ^ cheibnn, in which a n; emeinsanies gear meshes in longitudinal section after I "~ ™ der ^r i" ir ^.

Ft «». 9) a cross section according to VTII- "IIT of the ^r i *. Ζ.

Fif *. 1 and 2 lines, the basic principle of the invention, represented by a ^ a ilnerige, single-stage ⁿ ur> pe. This consists of a fixed disc la η it one? η ir.:; if he. Kreisevolventcnf ^ rmipen projection 2a and a ^ ¹ · "!" ¹ pull disc Ib with a single circle involute. ^4r "^ 'ri' ^T <""i" orsprung 2b. ^ eide both protrusions ^ n ^ e 2a and 2b have-ent on ^p i ^. 1 section of trapezoidal varnish, whose height and flanks may be the same, but which can be different. Fs are also iedoch r cross sections m ^ Lich, using the same "edin ^ ur.fen In the section corresponding to the FIF ?. 7 are the ^r? 'Hands dor' ^ rspr'inRe Ia and Ib and their center lines L ₁ and L ₉ circular ev \ - vents with the same ^ round ^ rice radius ν _σ and a ^ o ^ enl'n ^ e of 1 1/2 ^r -; indun? En, corresponding to a one-stage, "-nnhir.e The discs la and Ib and The nit them ^ e ^ tverhunderien circular; en Abdichtun ^ svor'spr'in ^ e la and 1 ^V form Λ \ ~. Outer Be ^ rensunw of the machine ", the projection? b for better sealing advice of a sealing strip 2 ° h is provided. Thus, the only ^ f ^ nun ^ en according to ^A .u- ^ en are arranged in the fixed disc la the inlet ^^ fnun ^ η and outlet opening 5. Me drive shaft Ra is in the fixed disc Ia ₁ the rait firmly connected eccentric pin 6b in the movable disc Ib ^ ela ^ ert .. Fin collar 8 and a nut 9 serve to hold the machine together and to absorb the axial forces. The center line A _{1 of} the drive shaft Ba runs through the zero point O _{1 of} the involute projection 2a, the center line A _{2 of} the tap 6b through the zero point ^ _{2 of} the involute projection

- 7 -

909885/1172

BATH

■ 19356IT "

leaps 2b. Starting from the starting position, in which the zero points O ₁ , O ₂ coincide and the center line L. and L _{2 of} the circular involute-shaped projections 2a and 2b are congruent, the two base surfaces la and Ib are rotated by 180 ° against each other and by the distance O ₁ O ₂ shifted radially until the formation of the sealing points Bq ₁ , Bq- and B ₁₁ , B ₁₂ , which lie on straight lines whose distance from the zero points O ₁ and 0 "is equal to the base circle radius r. The displacement is equal to the circumference of a base circle radius, minus half the width of the projection of one disk, minus half the width of the projection of the other disk.

Two closed chambers V ₁₁ and V ₁₂ and the central chamber V «are thus formed. When the drive shaft 6a rotates in the direction of the arrow Io, the movable disk Ib performs a circular displacement movement, the chambers V ₁₁ and V ₁₂ migrate inward and open towards the central chamber V ₀ , since the sealing points B _Q1 and B _Q2 disappear. After a full circle displacement, the sealing points B ₁₁ and B _{12 are} at the point of. earlier sealing points Bq ₁ and Bq ₂ j ^the medium originally contained in the chambers V ₁₁ and V ₁₂ was continuously conveyed into the chamber V _Q and new chambers V ₁₁ and V _{12 have} formed. The displacement of the machine is thus equal to the sum of the chamber volumes V ₁₁ and V ₁₂ . Frictional and compressive forces generate a torque acting on the movable disk Ib in the direction of arrow 11. The projection 2b of the movable disk Ib is therefore supported at the contact point B ₁₂ on the projection 2a of the fixed disk la, which prevents mutual rotation of the two disks and the circular _{displacement movement is} possible without additional λ guide mechanisms. The reset torque acting at contact point B ₁₂ is in any position

-8th-

909885/1172

_ — ___ .—. _: —_ _: - 193561

equal to the normal force N occurring there with the base circle radius r. When making the pump

g,

By means of machining of the involute-shaped projections, the disk rotates around the zero point of the projections. This rotary movement is superimposed by a coupled constant feed movement perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The engagement of the stationary tool is located to the side of the feed direction at a distance r ^ The feed per revolution of the disk is equal to the pitch g of the involute projections. The relationship r = · g / 2't * 'exists between the base circle radius and the pitch.

The three-stage pump with axial pressure compensation according to FIGS. 3 and 4 consists of 2 stationary disks la and Ic with the associated circular involute-shaped projections 2a and 2c. The movable disk Ib with circular involute-shaped projections 2b and 2b 'on both sides is located between the two stationary disks. All projections have several turns and thus generate several chambers V _Q , V ₁₁ , V ₁₂ , V ₂₁ , V ₂₂ etc. connected in series on both sides of the movable disc Ib. The drive shaft with its ends 6a and 6c is mounted in the stationary discs. The movable disc Ib is loosely attached to its eccentric 6b. The discharge ports 5a connecting the upper chambers with the outlet opening 5, since an internal compression takes place in multi-stage pumps between the individual series-connected chambers, liquids only ¹ promoted using special precautions For gases, however, there is the advantage that a plurality of sealing points are connected in series, so that only part of the total pressure drop occurs at a sealing point. Since the pressures occurring on both sides of the washer provided with involute on both sides are the same, no axial forces act on the washer. These will

-9-

9 0-9886 / 1 172 I.

taken directly from the fixed disks la and Ic. Note that the top and bottom protrusions the movable disc Ib by a certain amount against each other are twisted in order to achieve an even delivery. All pumps can be used for better sealing the metallic inner surfaces with a flexible

2S
The material, for example rubber, can be coated, or the end faces of the projections can be provided with sealing strips 2Sa.

The catchy multi-stage machine of Figure 5 consists of the fixed disk la with the associated Circular involute-shaped projections and those housed therein Inlet opening 4 and outlet opening 5. Then The housing 12, in which the drive shaft 6 * is mounted with its eccentric pin 6b, is placed on top. On the

tungselemante m sealed · The space between the ring-shaped base 13 and the movable disc Ib forms the pressure equalization chamber 15 »This is connected to the central chamber V _Q by the pressure equalization line 16. Above several balls 1? the annular support 13 is supported on the housing 12.

In special cases it can be useful that several Pins 19 are firmly connected to the movable disc Ib. The pins 19 touch on their periphery those in the housing 12 countersunk cylindrical recesses 20. The difference in diameter between the pins 19 and the Recesses 20 is equal to the diameter of the circular displacement minus the clearance desired between the circular involute-shaped projections. The sequence of movements

-10-909885 / 1172

Speaks to that of Figs. 1 and 2. The pressure However, torque exerted on the movable disc Ib and frictional forces is no longer caused by the flanks of the -circular involute Projections, but received by the pins 19. The effective area in the pressure compensation chamber (1 5) must be so great that the resulting axial force is greater than that caused by the pressures is caused in the conveyor chambers.

The two-speed single-stage shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 Machine with rotating plates consists of the two movable disks Id and Ie, each with 2 circular involute-shaped disks Projections of rectangular cross-section. The disk Id is firmly connected to the rotatable shaft 6a, the disk Ie loosely attached to the eccentric pin 7 of the axis-21, with the axis 21 and shaft 6a also are eccentric. The axle 21 is clamped onto the housing cover 2 2 by means of a collar 8 and a nut. After loosening the nut 9, the axis 21 can be twisted and thus the eccentricity between the disks Id and Ie and with it the game between the volvent-shaped ones Projections can be adjusted continuously. The annular base 13 rests tightly on the disk Ie and presses this against the opposite disk Id as a result of the axial forces caused by the disk spring 23 and the in the pressure equalization chamber 15 prevailing pressure can be generated. The pressure equalization line 16 connects the pressure equalization chamber with the outlet opening 5. The contact pressure the woodruff spring can be adjusted by several adjusting screws 24. The inlet opening 4 is located laterally in the housing cover 22. The outlet opening 5 is located inside the fixed axis 21.

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9 0 9 885/117 2

By rotating the shaft 6a, the disk la rotates, and by means of power transmission via its projections, the disk Ib rotates in the same direction. The circular displacement movement according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is thus superimposed on a rotary movement. This type of drive is also possible with single-thread involute projections, but with two-thread and multiple-thread projections each disc is completely balanced. The two-thread projections form 4 parallel chambers V ₁₁ , V ₁₂ , V ₁₃ and V _3μ , which open _{towards chamber V 0} at a distance of IA rotation. This results in a more uniform conveying than with single-thread machines, where the two chambers open simultaneously towards the central chamber V «. The stroke volume is equal to four times the content of the chamber V ₁ ,,. Starting from the starting position, in which the center lines of the projections of both panes are congruent, the angle of rotation ° * · of the panes kai ja -eiaam «volventanförjnln og after assembly is equal to 180 ° divided by 2, namely 90 ° j Shee eft £ efi # & ffsf - Sigoe-, ■■ et Si «r

ÄJicUU <tX O '

of the formula «* = ± j ± , where Z is the number of evolu-

Vent-shaped projections per disc means.

In two-speed pumps, the radial displacement of the two disks and thus the eccentricity between the center line A ₁ , the shaft 6a and the center line / - of the tap fms 7 Vloincr as box-catching machines and thus also the sliding speed between the respective projections of the two Discs.

The machine shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 has the peculiarity over that of FIGS. 6 and 7 that the two movable disks Id and Ie loosely on the stationary one eccentric axis 7a or the eccentric

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tric sleeve 7b · are arranged. As with Figs. 6 and 7
can by turning the sleeve'7b the radial play between
the projections of the two discs can be adjusted. To-. In addition, however, ring gears 6d and Ce are arranged on the circumference of the disks Id and Ie, in which a common with
a shaft 2G firmly connected gear 6f. · engages ο the
Drive can from the gear 6f over the ring gears on the
both discs or from one of the two discs over
the gear is done on the other disc. Both directions of rotation are possible, and depending on the direction of rotation there is a delivery from the outside to the inside or from the inside to the outside *. -The transmission of the torques from one disc to the other takes place in this case via the toothing. If the radial play between the projections of the disks is precisely adjusted, the pump can also be operated without lubrication of the contact or sealing points between the
Projections of the two panes possible. · ■ -

The subject matter of the invention can also be used to promote
and / or compression of gaseous or liquid. Media uses \ mvä en, zR as. Gas compressor, as a feed pump
-for liquid seuve.iten with small and high viscosity and as hydraulic pump. It is also suitable as a water, gas and
Steam turbine. As well as combustion engine and compressed air motor,

BAO ORIQiNAL

909885/1172

Claims (1)

Claims Claim fl Positive displacement pump, preferably for Vakuumer zeupunp ;, characterized prekennzeichnet as ¹⁵ for lildunp; of the pumping chambers (V) two groove projections (2) interlocking, flat, parallel disks (1) are provided and that the center lines (L> of the projections (2) on both disks (1) Xreisevolventep mi + - the same circle (r) and that at least one disc (4> ir. with a. drive element (6) for the circular translationnbnvjo ^ uncr; of one disc (^) is free over the other guardians, the scoop chamber (V ) are limited by the outside of one projection (2a) and the inside of the other projection (2b). Claim 2 VerdrMnp, erpunpe according to claim 1, characterized that both disks (Id and Ie) are rotatably arranged, with the axes of rotation (\) offset and run through the gauze points (0) of the involute shaped projecting rings (2). An entitlement 3_ Displacement pump according to claim 1 .. characterized in that one * disk (la) is fixedly arranged and that the other disk (Ib ") carries out the relative movement in the form of circular displacement by means of drive elements (6). -14-BAD ORiQfNAL 909885/1 172 . 193S621 Claim ^. -:.-.- ■ Positive displacement pump according to claim 1 and 2, d a through. marked that one of the disks. (1) via a drive element (6) in ^ rehbevie ^ una versetzbi ^ i: t, './wherein the driven pulley (Id) by means of'<rift"!Bertr-itninn; über *» r di '; ^r l ln '-'en der krolTcv ^ lvprtori ^^ rni ^ on ^f / or * - sprdngo di "ancVre Sclieib» He) in nine Sir ^ hbcWtrur. ^ --it pale revolutions) and £ Ü.p. τ ^ dj r i prehr ohtun "" offset so that both choibon (Id) and (IO ^ Vilit the Ivbev;? et ".un '' in Forn" the '^ re is offset from ^f' lead. Displacement pump according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized <5 e k e 'η η shows that * i both disks (Id) and (Ie) 'About corresponding drive elements (B) in qlei ^ her Direction of rotation and cannot be driven at the same speed. Twisting head according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that on the outer ^f Im * ani »of the disks (id and Ie) 7 toothed sprockets (Bd and Se) are arranged, in which a common toothed wheel (Sf) engages. Claim 7 according to claim 1 and 3, characterized marked as * V the parallel ^ ". hrunff at der Kreisverschiebebeweflunj »through the flanks of the Vreisevol Vent-shaped projections (2) is effected. -15- BAD OBlOJNAi. 909885/1172 To speak to J ^ Displacement pump according to claim 1 and 3, characterized P ₃ G characterizing ζ eic h net that the Parallelf'ihruncr in Kreisverschiebebewepün ^ by MitnehTaerelemente Ci9) bewirkt- "is." Claim 9 Displacement pump according to claim 1, 2. or 3, characterized in that at least one disc (1) is provided on its outer circumference with a circular form in front of jump (2) which, together with the other disc (I), forms a radial seal forms. Claim 10 " ^lf Displacement pump according to Claim 9, characterized in that a non-unribble (29b) is arranged on at least one of the circular projections (2). Ansj jruch 11 Displacement: 1nirerpunr »nac ¹ : \ nspruch 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that for the continuous adjustment of the radial play at least one of the disks (1) is arranged eccentrically and rotatably on the offset axis Aj . -15- 90988b / 1172 Displacement pump according to one or more of the addresses, characterized in that in order to compensate for the axial pressure in the chambers (V) formed between the disks (1) and the circular involute-shaped projections (2) in the of the Evolver.tensc.ite from ~ facing side of the disc (Ib) an annular base (13) is arranged, which on. * hmur.icren in enclosur "ai) sn (arranged Abstützelerr.enten ^r M) aufliegl- and mitte.Is sealing rings (IH) is sealed and d *?> dm. Pressure equalization chamber (15) between the annular support '= ¹ (13) and the disc (Ib) via a pressure relief: ^ (16) with one of the chambers (V) is in communication. Claim ^ 3_ Displacement pump according to one or more of the claims, characterized in that an annular support (13) is arranged displaceably for pressure equalization, which by means of a compression spring (2-3) crofr-cneinand-er prc / Vt . Claim I ^ Displacement pump according to Claim 13, characterized in that the spring force of the compression spring (23) can be regulated by means of adjusting screws (2M). Entitlement yyy_ Verdriinf5erpumpo according to claim 1, characterized , because ^ in the end faces of the circle involute-shaped projections "; e (2) sealing strips (29a) are inserted. 9 0 9 8 8 S / 1 1 7 2 """^ BATH ans Pruch Positive displacement pump after a niliv several of the previous ones Claims, characterized that the metallic disks (1) and circular involute-shaped Projections (2) covered with .nachgiebigem material (28) are. uch steps things Displacement pump according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized that the discs (1) and the involute projections (2) are made of plastic. Claim IB Positive displacement pump according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that between two fixed disks (la and Ic) with circular involute solid projections (2a and 2cf * 3 rawable, on both sides with circular involute projections (2b and 2b ¹ ) provided disk ¹ (Ib) is arranged, the projection of which are in engagement with Ίο projections of the stationary disks. Claim 19 Displacement pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that the circular volute-shaped Projections (2) have a trapezoidal cross-section. -18-BAD ORiQfNAL 90988S / 1 172 Positive displacement pump according to claim 1, ά a Λ u ν ch σ η indicates that the V'rGisovolvGnten ^F "irmip; en Voispr'lnfro (2) have a rectangular cross-section. BATH 90988S / 1172