EP0295351A1 - Flexibles Heizelement und sein Herstellungsverfahren - Google Patents

Flexibles Heizelement und sein Herstellungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0295351A1
EP0295351A1 EP87440061A EP87440061A EP0295351A1 EP 0295351 A1 EP0295351 A1 EP 0295351A1 EP 87440061 A EP87440061 A EP 87440061A EP 87440061 A EP87440061 A EP 87440061A EP 0295351 A1 EP0295351 A1 EP 0295351A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
flexible
layers
insulating material
complex
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87440061A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0295351B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-François Beauferey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEAUFEREY JEAN FRANCOIS
Original Assignee
BEAUFEREY JEAN FRANCOIS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BEAUFEREY JEAN FRANCOIS filed Critical BEAUFEREY JEAN FRANCOIS
Priority to AT87440061T priority Critical patent/ATE77909T1/de
Priority to PCT/FR1988/000274 priority patent/WO1988010058A1/fr
Publication of EP0295351A1 publication Critical patent/EP0295351A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0295351B1 publication Critical patent/EP0295351B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/36—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/033—Heater including particular mechanical reinforcing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flexible heating element and to its manufacturing process.
  • the invention will find its application in the field of electrical construction and will find its use in many different fields.
  • heating elements may be encountered in the particular cases of heating liquids or pulverulent or gaseous materials, the latter possibly being particularly abrasive, or corrosive.
  • these elements make it possible to distribute the temperature more evenly over the surface to be heated.
  • they have a relative flexibility which allows them to adapt to a large number of curved surfaces.
  • flexible heating elements consist of two electrically insulating films of the polyester, polyimide, silicone fabric, or other sticky sheets or polymerizable, between which is placed a resistant metallic layer formed by a resistive engraved metal wire, ribbon or strip.
  • the brittleness comes from the insulating films used as mentioned above, which on the one hand have a relative flexibility for some and on the other hand poor resistance to abrasion, to pull, tear, and puncture. This makes the heating elements very vulnerable and requires frequent replacement.
  • the heating power must be limited to fairly low temperatures in continuous use, in particular from 70 to 200 ° C., which limits the efficiency of these heating elements.
  • the existing flexible heating elements can only be very rarely used immersed in said corrosive liquid.
  • the flexible heating elements are subject to scaling, which in the long run causes them to lose their ability and is detrimental to their temperature resistance.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a flexible heating element as well as its manufacturing method which make it possible to overcome the various aforementioned drawbacks of the known elements in order to increase their reliability and make them usable in case so far they could not be.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is to provide a flexible heating element which, by design, has high mechanical resistance and makes it possible to avoid any blistering phenomenon thanks to a moisture absorption close to zero.
  • Another object of the present invention is to present a flexible heating element which makes it possible to avoid any scaling phenomenon, which will allow a longer longevity of the element and a better yield.
  • Another object of the present invention is to present a flexible heating element which is capable of withstanding continuous operating temperatures above 200 ° C., which will make it possible to have increased efficiency of the heating system in many cases of 'use.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a flexible heating element as well as an original manufacturing method which make it possible to obtain a waterproof product, non-absorbent of moisture and resistant to corrosion, thus allowing direct immersion of the flexible heating element in most liquids, aggressive or not.
  • the flexible heating element in particular intended to be plated on any surface to be heated or immersed in a liquid, consisting of at least two layers of flexible insulating material arranged and secured on either side of a third resistant metallic layer, is characterized in that the said layers of flexible insulating material consist of a complex with high mechanical resistance to traction, tearing, and puncturing, and not absorbing moisture.
  • the said complex constituting the said layers of flexible insulating material has a high temperature resistance and / or a surface made non-stick.
  • the manufacturing process of the flexible heating element according to the present invention is characterized in that: - a resistive metal strip is secured to the said complex forming one of the said layers of flexible insulating material, - the said strip is etched by an appropriate chemical process to obtain a resistant element, - It secures, on the bare face of said etched strip, said complex forming the second said layer of flexible insulating material.
  • the invention relates to a flexible heating element and its manufacturing process.
  • the flexible heating element 1 is in the form of a thin flat element consisting of at least two layers 2 and 3 of flexible insulating material arranged and secured on either side of a third resistant metallic layer 4.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a magnifying view for understanding, the section of the heating element.
  • said layers 2 and 3 of flexible insulating material are constituted by a complex with high mechanical tensile strength, tearing, puncturing, and not absorbing moisture.
  • the flexibility of said complex will be such that it allows a very small radius of curvature of the heating element, for example of the order of 1 mm.
  • the structure will be such that the pleating of the heating element will be limited or even impossible.
  • the flexibility obtained by the heating element of the present invention makes it possible in particular to improve the contact and therefore the heat transfer between the heating element and the part to be heated even in the case of any and complex shapes.
  • the flexible heating element of the present invention will have at least one external surface 10, 11 made non-stick in order to avoid any sticking of any material on its periphery and thus avoid any scaling of its heating surface prejudicial to its temperature resistance and efficiency.
  • this anti-adhesion will be authorized by the use of a complex, forming the said layers 2 and 3, made non-stick.
  • the complex forming said layers 2 and 3 of the heating element 1 will have a high temperature resistance, which will in particular allow its use at temperatures above 200 ° C. in use continuous up to 260 ° C.
  • the said complex forming the layers 2 and 3 of flexible insulating material is substantially formed by a glass cloth, which gives the heating element good flexibility, high mechanical strength and held to stresses such as pulling, shearing, bending, tearing, perforation, pleating.
  • this glass fabric receives a treatment so as to make it non-stick. This is in particular achieved by coating or impregnating silicone and preferably materials based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • such a glass fabric rendered non-stick has good dimensional stability properties, and has a high resilience, a high resistance to abrasion, a high resistance to shearing, and to deformation.
  • the surfaces have excellent anti-friction and anti-adhesion and non-moisture absorption properties.
  • thermal properties a range of operating temperatures is obtained from -70 ° C to + 260 ° C.
  • the complex obtained has a very high dielectric resistance, which avoids loss and breakdown phenomena.
  • a glass fabric envelope coated with very thin PTFE is formed, which makes it possible to limit the thermal gradient between the resistive element and the emitting surface, and very flexible, which makes it possible to easily marry complex parts and allows perfect homogeneity of heating.
  • the resistant metallic layer good results have been obtained by using a strip engraved with a resistive metallic alloy such as, for example, inconel or constantan or other nickel-copper alloy.
  • a resistive metallic alloy such as, for example, inconel or constantan or other nickel-copper alloy.
  • a strip is used whose thickness varies between 5 and 25 ⁇ .
  • said layers 2 and 3 of flexible insulating material are bonded on either side of said third resistant metallic layer 4 by means of a adhesive layer having high temperature resistance and high dielectric power.
  • a silicone adhesive which, by virtue of its properties, gives the resistance excellent dielectric properties and makes it possible to produce a sealed and consequently immersible assembly.
  • the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing said flexible heating element as it has just been described.
  • said layers of flexible material 2 or 3 are constituted by a glass fabric treated with PTFE, and where the various layers 2 to 4 are joined together by means of an adhesive, realizes the heating element of the present invention according to the following steps: one of the two faces 5, previously treated, is coated with the first complex 2 of glass fabric / PTFE, with a layer of adhesive 6, a resistive metallic strip 4 is applied to this said face 5 coated with the glass / PTFE fabric 2, - the metal strip 4 thus joined is etched onto the glass fabric / PTFE 2 and 6, one of the faces 7, previously treated, is coated with the second complex 3 of the glass fabric / PTFE, with a layer of adhesive 8, - Said face 7 coated with the second complex 3 is applied to the exposed face 9 of the complex thus etched 2, 6, 4 to form said heating element 1.
  • a photo-sensitive film is deposited which is exposed taking into account the course of the resistance and is revealed.
  • the alloy is then etched to obtain resistance.
  • the faces 5 and 7 of the respective complex 2 and 3 are treated to make them stickable, for example by chemical treatment to denaturalize the surface.
  • thermocouples or thermistors ie between two loops of the heating track, in order to control the temperature at the heart of the element, either bonded to an exterior surface to control the skin temperature of the heating element.
  • the flexible heating element in order to facilitate the fixing of the flexible heating element to the support to be heated, it is also possible to provide on one of the external faces 10 or 11 of the heating element 1 with a layer of adhesive in order to make it self-adhesive. to optimize the heat exchange and improve the positioning and its maintenance in position.
  • the attachment may be achieved by other means such as stapling riveting.
  • the design of the flexible heating element of the present invention predestines it for all various applications, thanks to its chemical inertia, its resistant flexible non-stick protective envelope, and its high calorific capacities, and in particular to: - all heating of liquids, pulverulent or gaseous materials by plating of external surfaces, - all heating of solids by external cladding, or by sandwich type assemblies between rigid plates, - all heating of corrosive or scaling liquids by direct immersion, - all low temperature infrared heaters, - all heating or defrosting in general.

Landscapes

  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
EP19870440061 1987-06-01 1987-10-01 Flexibles Heizelement und sein Herstellungsverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0295351B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87440061T ATE77909T1 (de) 1987-06-01 1987-10-01 Flexibles heizelement und sein herstellungsverfahren.
PCT/FR1988/000274 WO1988010058A1 (fr) 1987-06-01 1988-06-01 Element chauffant souple et son procede de fabrication

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8707643A FR2616002B1 (fr) 1987-06-01 1987-06-01 Resistance electrique chauffante souple sous tissu de verre impregne de polytetrafluoroethylene
FR8707643 1987-06-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0295351A1 true EP0295351A1 (de) 1988-12-21
EP0295351B1 EP0295351B1 (de) 1992-07-01

Family

ID=9351623

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870440061 Expired - Lifetime EP0295351B1 (de) 1987-06-01 1987-10-01 Flexibles Heizelement und sein Herstellungsverfahren

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0295351B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3780168T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2616002B1 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2250406A (en) * 1990-11-23 1992-06-03 Verreries Hirtz Sa Heater assembly for mirrors
FR2738136A1 (fr) * 1995-09-01 1997-03-07 Saves Gerard Element multicouche pour la cuisson ou le rechauffage des produits alimentaires
EP0808078A1 (de) * 1996-05-17 1997-11-19 AMT Ltd. Elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit amorphe Metallegierung
EP0824299A2 (de) * 1996-08-12 1998-02-18 Nichias Corporation Heizmantel und sein Herstellungsverfahren
EP0912078A1 (de) * 1997-10-21 1999-04-28 Lucent Technologies Inc. Heizelement
EP1416090A3 (de) * 2002-10-30 2005-01-19 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Heizanordnung für eine Einbaubohle
EP2040511A1 (de) 2007-09-21 2009-03-25 Yonggao Zhao Polytetrafluorethylen-Heizelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
WO2021043691A1 (en) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-11 Jt International Sa Heater assembly
US20210289588A1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2021-09-16 Zobele Holding, S.P.A. Volatile substance evaporation device

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2022477A1 (en) * 1968-11-02 1970-07-31 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Electrical heating device with laminated insulation
US3846204A (en) * 1958-01-07 1974-11-05 P Eisler Heating methods
DE2615064A1 (de) * 1976-04-07 1977-10-20 Husqvarna Ab Kochpfanne mit elektronisch gesteuerter temperaturregelung und ein verfahren zur herstellung derselben
CH593600A5 (en) * 1974-01-25 1977-12-15 Int Uni Heat Anstalt Insulated surface heaters with low flammability - contg. a semiconducting core covered with polyamide or plastics contg. fluorine or sulphur
US4139763A (en) * 1978-03-10 1979-02-13 Mcmullan James P Blanket heater with temperature control means
US4468557A (en) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-28 Bylin Heating Systems, Inc. Conformable electric heating apparatus

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3846204A (en) * 1958-01-07 1974-11-05 P Eisler Heating methods
FR2022477A1 (en) * 1968-11-02 1970-07-31 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Electrical heating device with laminated insulation
CH593600A5 (en) * 1974-01-25 1977-12-15 Int Uni Heat Anstalt Insulated surface heaters with low flammability - contg. a semiconducting core covered with polyamide or plastics contg. fluorine or sulphur
DE2615064A1 (de) * 1976-04-07 1977-10-20 Husqvarna Ab Kochpfanne mit elektronisch gesteuerter temperaturregelung und ein verfahren zur herstellung derselben
US4139763A (en) * 1978-03-10 1979-02-13 Mcmullan James P Blanket heater with temperature control means
US4468557A (en) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-28 Bylin Heating Systems, Inc. Conformable electric heating apparatus

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2250406A (en) * 1990-11-23 1992-06-03 Verreries Hirtz Sa Heater assembly for mirrors
GB2250406B (en) * 1990-11-23 1995-03-15 Verreries Hirtz Sa A lead-in conductor arrangement in a heated mirror assembly
FR2738136A1 (fr) * 1995-09-01 1997-03-07 Saves Gerard Element multicouche pour la cuisson ou le rechauffage des produits alimentaires
EP0808078A1 (de) * 1996-05-17 1997-11-19 AMT Ltd. Elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit amorphe Metallegierung
US5883363A (en) * 1996-08-12 1999-03-16 Nichias Corporation Heating mantle and method for fabricating the same
EP0824299A3 (de) * 1996-08-12 1998-07-08 Nichias Corporation Heizmantel und sein Herstellungsverfahren
EP0824299A2 (de) * 1996-08-12 1998-02-18 Nichias Corporation Heizmantel und sein Herstellungsverfahren
EP0912078A1 (de) * 1997-10-21 1999-04-28 Lucent Technologies Inc. Heizelement
US6049061A (en) * 1997-10-21 2000-04-11 Lucent Technologies Inc. Heater for use in a mobile radio base station
EP1416090A3 (de) * 2002-10-30 2005-01-19 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Heizanordnung für eine Einbaubohle
US6981820B2 (en) 2002-10-30 2006-01-03 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Screed heating arrangement
EP2040511A1 (de) 2007-09-21 2009-03-25 Yonggao Zhao Polytetrafluorethylen-Heizelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US20210289588A1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2021-09-16 Zobele Holding, S.P.A. Volatile substance evaporation device
WO2021043691A1 (en) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-11 Jt International Sa Heater assembly
CN114340421A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2022-04-12 日本烟草国际股份有限公司 加热器组件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2616002B1 (fr) 1992-07-10
FR2616002A1 (fr) 1988-12-02
EP0295351B1 (de) 1992-07-01
DE3780168T2 (de) 1993-02-18
DE3780168D1 (de) 1992-08-06

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